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高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题六:连词连词是一种虚词,不能担任句子成分。连词是高考必考考点。连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。连词在《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大
纲》附录语法项目表中列为必考项。2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第73题(短文改错)考查了连词or变为and;2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第65题(语法填空)考查了连词when;第72题(短文改错)考查了连词though与but不能连用,须去掉but;第76题(短文改错)考查了连词or变为
and。2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第73题(短文改错)考查了连词so变为but或yet。I.连词分类及作用II.常用连词用法解析一:并列连词1.表示平行或对等关系。and和;or或者;both...and...两者都;neither...
nor...既不......也不......;notonly...but(also)....不但......而且......;aswellas也Theyaresinginganddancingintheclassroom.Myfatherneversmokesordrinks.Noton
lyyoubutalsoshehastocleantheclassroom.连词并列连词表示平行或对等关系and,or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,both…and...,aswella
s表示转折关系but,yet,while,however表示选择关系or,otherwise,not...but,either...or...表示因果关系so,therefore从属连词引导宾语从句that,if,whet
her引导时间状语从句when,while,as,after,before,until/till,since,assoonas引导原因状语从句because,since,as引导条件状语从句if,unless,once引导目的状语从句so,sothat,inorderthat引导让步状语从句a
lthough,though,evenif,eventhough引导地点状语从句where,wherever引导比较状语从句than,as引导方式状语从句as,asif,asthough引导结果状语从句so,sothat,so...that...,such
...that...Jackaswellashissisterslikestoplaythepiano.2.表示转折关系。but但是;however然而(其后通常加逗号);yet然而;while然而;while而,常用来表示前后鲜明的对比Sh
ehasn'tgotacomputer,butherbrotherhas.Itwillbesunnybutcold.Somepeoplelovepets,whileothershatethem.Theseap
plesdon'tlooknice,yetlotsofpeoplebuythem.3.表示选择关系。or或者;否则not...but...不是......而是......;either...or...或者......或者.....
.连接两个主语时,谓语动词应当与or后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。在并列的否定句中,用or代替and构成完全否定,如果所连接的两部分都有否定词,用and而不用or连接。Don'tridesofastoryou'll
gethurt.EitherheorIamgoingtothemovie.4.表示因果关系。for因为so因此,所以Thedaysareshort,foritisNovembernow.IfeltverytiredsoIwenttobedearly.二:从属连词1.引导宾语从句的从属连词。主要有
that(无词义,可省略),if和whether。whether可与ornot连用,在句中不作成分,在ask,wonder,notknow,wanttoknow,notbesure等后常用whether或if从句,而不用that从句。Thefore
igneraskedmeifIcouldspeakEnglish.2.引导时间状语从句的从属连词。主要有when,while,as,after,before,until/till,since,assoo
nas等。Iarrivedattheairportaftertheplanehadtakenoff.Theboylefttheclassroombeforetheteachercamein.Howlongisitsinceyoum
ovedtoBeijing?3.引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要有because,since,as等。Sheisn'tgoingwithusbecauseshehasabadheadache.Sinceyouarebusy,I
havetogotherealone.4.引导条件状语从句的从属连词。主要有if,unless,once等。当从句中需用一般将来时的时候,总是用一般现在时去代替。Thesportsmeetingwillcontinueunlessitrainsthisafternoon.If(itis
)necessary,callmeatonce.You'llfailthetestunlessyouworkharder.5.引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要有so,sothat,inorderthat等。Giveheramapsoshewon'tgetl
ost.Readloudlysothatwecanhearyouclearly.6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要有evenif,eventhough,(although)though等。but...和.(alth
ough)though................不能同时出现在一个句子中............。although比though更正式。Thestoryishardtounderstandthoughtherearenonewwordsinit.Althoughe
veryonetriedhisbest,welostthematch.7.引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要有wherewherever。Pleasestaywhereyouare.I'llbethinkingofyouwhereveryouare.8
.引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要有than,as等,在as(so)...as中,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。Doyouthinkthatartisasinterestingasmusic?Shedoesn'ts
tudyashardasherbrother.MysisterdancesbetterthanI.9.引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要有as,asif,asthough。Thelittleboydoesash
isfathertellshim.Sheremembersthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.10.引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要有so,sothat,so...that...,such...
that...等。Themountainwassosteepthatfewpeoplereachedthetop.三:易混连词1.when,while,as三者均可译为“在......时候”。when引导的从句,动词既可
以是延续性的,也可以是终止性的。一般来说,当主句的动作正在进行时,when引导的从句的动作才发生;while引导的从句中,动词只能是延续性的,一般来说,当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时,主句的动作才发生;as表示随着短暂动作的发生,
另一行为伴随发生。Hewasridingtoschoolwhenhewashitbyacarthismorning.You'dbetterturnoffthewaterwhileyoubrushyourtee
th.Shesangasshewalked.2.so...that...,such...that...so+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数+that从句;so+many/much/few/little+名词+that从句;such+a/an+形容词+可数
名词单数+that从句;such+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that从句。Sheissobeautifulagirlthatwealllikeher.Sheissuchagoodgirlthatwealllikeher.Therearesomanystudentsonthep
layground.III.高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点分析及训练·连词考点规律分析:短文改错对并列连词的考查主要涉及and,but,or,so等几个表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系的词语。严格说来,这类错误主要属于行文逻辑的错误。语法填空主要涉及
连词的选择。连词单句改错之真题训练:1.Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo.2.ItoldMother,Father,Sister,allmyfriendsherewha
tagreattimeIhad.3.ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.4.Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.5.Itlooksasifmyparentstreatm
easavisitorandaguest.6.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.7.I’mthecaptainofourschoolteamsowithmyfellowplayerswe’v
ewonseveralgames.8.Mygrandmawasthebestcookintheworldbutcouldmakethemostdeliciousdishes.9.Soonceyou’vestartedcollectingseriously,you…10.Cleverassh
eis,butsheworksveryhard.11.Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthemgrowingup.连词单句改错之模拟训练:1.Doyouwantabathatonce,andshallIhaveminefirst?2.Ar
eyougoingtocleanyourcarbeforeandaftersupper?3.Hurryup,andyou’llbelateforschool.4.Sheneversaidshewasrich,andshewas.5.MrSmithworked
veryhardsowithoutanysuccess.6.Everyoneaskedmetogo,butIwent.连词单句改错之提升训练:1.Itdidn’tmatterthatIwouldwinthematchornot.2.Thatheislookingforis
adictionary.3.Manypeoplecanquicklygethelpfromadoctorsincetheyareill.4.Ifyoucanpassthetestisuptoyou.5.Ifwewillholdthepartyintheopenairdependsontheweat
her.6.IliveinBeijing,wherehasalonghistory.7.Westilldon’tknowifornottheyhavearrivedatShanghai.8.Itisthetallesttowerwhichcanb
eseenfaraway.9.Thepersonaboutwhowejusttalkedismymathsteacher.10.Yesterdaywewerehavingourdinnerwhilethetelephonerang.
11.But,therearestillsomepeoplehavenotenoughtofeedon.12.Itissaid,hehasleftforGermany.13.Idoubtthatheisaspy.14.Idon’tdoubtwhetheryouhavetoldth
etruth.15.Hehasnomoneyandhehasmuchknowledge.参考答案及解析连词单句改错之真题训练:1.and改为but,因此处语意转折2.all前加and,表示并列关系3.but改
为and/so,此处表因果关系,并非转折关系4.but改为and,因此处并无转折之意5.and改为or,avisitor和aguest应是选择关系,意思是“好像我的父母亲把我当作一个来访者或一个客人”6.and改为but,此处意义发生转折7.so改为and,表并列关系8.but改为and,此处
表示并列,而不是转折9.So改为But,因为前后是转折关系10.去掉but,因前面已有引导让步状语从句的连词as(=though虽然),千万不要受汉语句式“虽然……但是……”的影响,而重复用连词11.but改为and,因为teach/play与w
atch是并列关系,而不是转折关系连词单句改错之模拟训练:【参考答案】1.and改为or,or在此表选择。2.and改为or,or在此表选择。3.and改为or,or在此表示“要不然”、“否则”。4.and改为but,but在此表示转折。
句中的shewas为shewasrich之省略。5.so改为but,此处语意转折。6.but改为so,so在此表示因果关系。连词单句改错之提升训练:【答案与解析】1.that改为whether。2.That改为What。主语从句缺少宾语,应用what引导。3.since改为when或if。因
为后面是一个条件或时间状语从句。4.If改为Whether。主语从句不能用If引导。5.If改为Whether。主语从句要用whether引导。6.where改为which。定语从句缺少主语。7.if改为whether。whetherornot为固定用法。8.which改为that。
定语从句的先行词tower被最高级tallest修饰。9.who改为whom。介词后关系代词指人时只能用whom。10.while改为when。when作并列连词,表示“这时候”,不能用while代替。11.But改为However。注意后面的逗号。此处只能用连接副词,不能用
连词。12.It改为As。这是一个由as引导的定语从句。不要与Itissaidthat…主语从句混淆了。13.that改为whether。如动词doubt为肯定式,后面的宾语从句用whether引导。14.whether改为that
。如动词doubt为否定式,后面的宾语从句用that引导。15.and改为but。表转折关系。