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1中考英语一词多性和一词多义一、一词多性英语中，有些词有多个词性，比如mistake这个词，既可以作名词，又可以作动词。对于一词多性现象，又分为语义一致（即词性虽不同，但语义相同，如mistake，作名词，意为“错误”，作动词，意为“犯错误”）和语义不一致（

即在不同的词性下，语义不同，如like，作动词，意为“喜欢”，而作介词，意为“像”）两种情况。1.词性不同，语义一致Namen名字v命名Givenwords:importance,decision,mistake,hims

elf,breathe,write,lie,name,trouble,howeverIhaveafriendnamed(作动词用：命名)Ralston.Plann计划v做计划Givenwords:save,advice,a

gree,language,just,plan,ride,unbelievable,from,encourage,peacefulDon’tplan(作动词用：做计划)everything.Reportv作报告n报告Givenwords:happen,important,fi

nd,first,different,angry,report,with,excited,before,groupAfterfinishinganexperiment,wehadtowritealabreport(作名词用：报告).2.词性不同，语义不一致Likev

喜欢prep像Givenwords:important,disabled,cheer,like,specially,send,deaf,difference,show,because,forYourdonationi

sgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneyiswellusedtohelpdisabledpeoplelike(作介词用：像)me.Kidn小孩v开玩笑Givenwords:suddenly,kid,asleep,

begin,first,neighbor,silence,strange,window,surprised,lookYou’rekidding(kid作动词用：开玩笑).Watchv看n手表Givenwords:still,watch

,we,have,wake,teach,interesting,eye,when,lucky“You’reright,”saidHelen,lookingatherwatch(作名词用：手表).Breakv打破，破坏n休息Givenwords:break,lie

,hurt,hit,control,rock,risk,important,climb,bloodThedoctorsaiditwasnotserious,butheneededtolieinbedandtook

breaks(作名词用：休息)forafewdays.二、一词多义英语中，有些词有多个语义，如order，有“命令”“订单”“顺序”等语义。Sinceconj既然，因为；自从Givenwords:be,like,since,hardl

y,independence,do,2helpful,chores,themselves,sweep,tidyShehaslivedwithhermotherandyoungersisterJennysince(意为“自从”的用法)herfath

erwenttoworkinanothercountrytwoyearsago.Timen时间；次数；倍数Givenwords:time,like,main,famous,sleep,around,bec

ause,crowd,special,camera,seemTogetherthey’vebeenfoundinalocalmarketquiteafewtimes(意为“次数”的用法).Standv站立；忍受Givenwords:true

,but,use,know,understanding,advice,stand,quiet,wonder,read,pointIbecamesoangrythatIcouldn’tstand(意为“忍受”的用法)heratlast.Tellv告诉；辨别Givenwords:alth

ough,tourist,shout,enough,also,easy,how,protect,tell,ancient,achievementTheykeptwatchingtheenemiesinthewatchtowersandmadefireont

hetowerstotell(意为“辨认”的用法)eachotherwhentheenemiescame.Growv成长；种植Givenwords:outside,sheep,water,useful,

depend,enough,friendly,grow,carry,from,whenPeoplegrow(意为“种植”的用法)allkindsofcropsinthefieldsthere.三、一词多性且多义1.多个词性用法，且同一词性下，有多个语义。Whileconj与此同时，当…

时候；而，然而n一会儿；一段时间Givenwords:why,spend,around,owner,repeat,say,similar,call,try,smart,whileWhile(作连词用，表转折，意为“而，然而”)

ahumanownerusuallycan’tlearnabird’slanguage,thebird,instead,triestolearnthelanguageofitsowner.Givenwords:beautiful,owne

r,find,toy,part,less,honest,while,is,cents,expensiveIlookedatitfora(n)while(作名词用：一会儿).2.多个语义用法，且同一语义下，有多个词性。Liev撒谎；n谎言v躺下Givenwords:importance,

decision,mistake,himself,breathe,write,lie,name,trouble,howeverThemanlay(lie的过去式，意为“躺下”的用法)downonthebedandDoctorRalstonlookedoverhimcarefully.Workv工

作；n工作n作品Givenwords:because,beautiful,further,send,hot,including,special,successfully,make,study,workH

isworks(意为“作品”的用法)areoftenchosenastextbooksforforeignlanguagelearners.