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专题05阅读理解之议论文（2020届河南省名校联盟高三联考）Theysaythat''apictureisworthathousandwords'',butthebriefestlookatbooksandthemoviesbasedont

hemwouldhaveanyonequestioningthiscommonsaying.Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic''turkeys''.Goodmoviesneedgoodstories.

Ifso,whyhasoneoftheearliestandgreatestworksinWesternstorytelling,Homer'sTheOdyssey,neverhadanequallygreatmoviebasedonit?Moviesneedstr

ongcharacters.SowhyhavethemoviesbasedonTheGreatGatsbyneverbeenpraisedas''great''?Moviesofcourseneedimpressiveimages,sowhyhasAliceinWonderl

andonlyresultedinmoviesbestdescribedas''interesting''?Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,

amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.Thisissome

thingthateventhehighlysuccessfulHarryPottermoviescan'tescapefrom,withfansofthebooksdisappointednottoseesomeoftheirfavoritecha

ractersinthemovieversions.Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon'tlookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.Take,forex

ample,theepicmovieTroy,whichisinpartbasedonHomer'sTheIliadandwasmetwithmixedreviewsfromtheaudience.Themostquestionablei

ssuewastheactresschosentoplaythepartofHelen.Manypeoplethoughtshedidn'tliveuptoHelen'stitleof''themostbea

utifulwomanintheworld'',influencingopinionsofthemovietosomeextent.ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople'seyes.Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwo

differentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.Withthisinmind,perhapsweshouldjudgeamovieinitsownright,andnotagainstitsoriginalso

urce.Interestingly,audienceshaveinrecentyearsturnedtotelevisionseriessuchasSherlockorMadMen,whichcanhavemanycharactersandgradua

lplotdevelopment.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.ScottFitzgerald'smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselvesgluedtotheirscreensbyepisodeso

fTheGreatGatsby.12．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthemovieadaptationistrue?A．ThecharactersinTheOdysseydonot

standout.B．ThemovieTroydoesn'tlookthewaywevisualizedwhilereadingthebook.C．Thevisualimagesarenotasstrikingasthedescript

ionsinthebookTheGreatGatsby.D．SomepartsofthestoryandcharactersaremissinginthemovieAliceinWonderland.13．Oneofthereasonswhyadaptationsdisappointtheaud

ienceisthat________.A．theylackgoodstorytellingB．theimagesarenotimpressiveenoughC．thecharactersinthemovi

esarenotstrongandinterestingD．thereisnotenoughtimeformoviestofullypresentthewholestory14．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencein

thelastparagraphmean?A．Everyshoefitsnoteveryfoot.B．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C．Readingisamatterofpersonaltaste.D．Diffe

rentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutthebooksandmovies.15．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Peoplearedissatisfiedwiththecurrentmovies.B．Readingboo

ksisbetterthanwatchingmovies.C．Goodbooksmaynotbeadaptedforgreatmovies.D．Peopleareexpressingtheirpreferencetoreadin

gbooks.【答案】12．B13．D14．D15．C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要通过由小说改编而来的电影没能被大家认可这个话题，从而来讨论小说和改编电影的关系。12．细节理解题。根据第四段的Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon'tl

ookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.Take,forexample,theepicmovieTroy(当故事不像我们读书时想象的那样时，电影总是让我们失望，以电影史诗《特洛伊》为例)可知，史诗电影《特洛伊》拍摄出来时，不像我们在阅读时想象的

那样。B.ThemovieTroydoesn'tlookthewaywevisualizedwhilereadingthebook.(电影特洛伊和我们读书时想象的不一样)符合以上说法，故选B项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Oneoft

hekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgr

eatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.可知，一本书需要几天才能看完，而电影只有两个小时以下的时间，故而容易丢失一些细节

和人物，不能完整地呈现小说内容。D.thereisnotenoughtimeformoviestofullypresentthewholestory(对于电影来说没有足够的时间来呈现完整的故事)符合以上

说法，故选D项。14．词义猜测题。ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople'seyes.本句的字面意思为“一千个人眼里有一千个哈姆雷特”，再结合下文的Further

more,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.(此外，书和电影是两种完全不同的媒体，因此它们有不同的规则)可猜测划线部分的意思是：对于书和电影

不同的人有不同的观点。D.Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutthebooksandmovies.(关于书和电影不同的人有不同的看法)符合以上猜测，故选D项。15．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第

一段的Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic''turkeys''.(伟大的词汇最终变成了电影院的“火鸡”)可知，本文主要通过由著名小说改编的电影并没有得到和原小说同样的认可这个话题

。根据第三段第一句Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgreatbo

okscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.可知，一本书需要几天才能看完，而电影只有两个小时以下的时间，故而容易丢失一些细节和人物，不能完整地呈现小说内容。C.Goodbooksmaynotbeadapted

forgreatmovies.(好书可能不会被改编成好的电影)符合以上说法，故选C项。（2020届江西省南昌市高三二模）WhenIsentmydaughter,Emma,offforherfreshmanyearofcollegeafewyearsago,Ifoundmyse

lfaffectedbyanunbelievablefeelingofmelancholy.Clearly,I'mnotalone.Justlastweek,TheWallStreetJournalreportedth

atmorethan90percentofcollegesoffertohelpmomsanddadswhoare“strugglingwiththechange.”BetweenThanksgiving,winterholiday,springbreakandsummerbrea

k,thefirstoneoutofmynesthascomeflutteringbackhomenearlyeverymonthoftheyearsinceshehasbeenaway.Goodfriendsliketojokethatthey

seemoreofhernowthantheydidwhenshewasaseniorinhighschool.Inthemeantime,Emmacalls,textsore-mailsmealmosteveryday.Givenallthis,missingEmmaseemskindofs

illy；I'veneverreallygottenthechance.Sowhy,then,haveIstillfeltonsomelevelthatI'veexperiencedagreatloss?AllsummerlongbeforeEmmaleftthatfirs

tyear,ItookEmmaoutforcountlessmother-daughterbreakfasts,lunches,coffeesandwalks.Atthesametime,Iseemedtofindf

aultwithEmmaallthetime.Inmyeyes,Emmahadspenttheweeksleadinguptoschoolgoingoutwithherfriendstoomuch,stayingoutwaytoolate,makin

gtoobigamess,notworkingenoughand,forgoodnesssake,certainlynotspendingenoughtimewithme!Althoughit'stake

nquiteawhiletorealizewhatwashappening,InowunderstandthatmyunhappinessandanxietyarenotareflectionofhowmuchtimeEmmaandIspe

ndtogether.Regardlessofhowoftenshecomeshome,orhowmanytimesadaywechatortext,Emmaisnowgoneinafargrandersense.Sheiswellontheroadtoadu

lthood,andfromthis,shewillneverreturn.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“melancholy”inparagraph1referto?A．Fierceanger.B．Deepsadness.C．Extremeexcit

ement.D．Greatsatisfaction.5．Whydoesitseemsillyfortheauthortomissherdaughter?A．Theykeepintouchfrequently.B．Friendsliket

omakefunofher.C．Emmahasgrownuptoanadult.D．Otherparentsdon'tbehavelikethis.6．Whatactuallymadetheauthoroverlyworried?A．Theuntidine

ssofEmma'sroom.B．ThepassingofEmma'schildhood.C．TakingEmmaoutalltoooften.D．SpendinglittletimewithEmma.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．C

hangesintheParent-ChildRelationshipB．TheMostConcernedParentsofAllTimeC．GrowingPainsforCollegeStudentsD．StrugglingtoLetGoofMyDaught

er【答案】4．B5．A6．B7．D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要记叙了几年前，作者送女儿Emma去上大学时，发现自己很悲伤。并且在报道中发现自己不是唯一一个有这种感受的家长。作者于是分析了让自己产生这种失落感的原因，最终发现是Emma童年的逝去让

自己感到失落，女儿如今已经很好地走在了成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。4．词义猜测题。根据后文Clearly,I'mnotalone.Justlastweek,TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatmorethan90percentofcolleges

offertohelpmomsanddadswhoare“strugglingwiththechange.”可知显然，我并不孤单。就在上周，《华尔街日报》报道称，超过90%的大学提供帮助，帮助那些“在变化中挣扎”的父母。由此可知，几年前，当作者送女儿E

mma去上大学一年级时，作者发现自己被一种难以置信的悲伤情绪所感染。划线单词意思为“深深的悲伤”。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中Inthemeantime,Emmacalls,textsore-mailsmealmosteveryday.可知与此同时，Emma几乎每

天都给我打电话、发短信或电子邮件。以及第三段中Givenallthis,missingEmmaseemskindofsilly…可知考虑到这一切，想念艾玛似乎有点傻……由此可知，作者想念她的女儿会显得很愚蠢因为他们经常

保持联系。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段Althoughit'stakenquiteawhiletorealizewhatwashappening,Inowunderstandthatmyunhappinessandanxietyarenotareflection

ofhowmuchtimeEmmaandIspendtogether.Regardlessofhowoftenshecomeshome,orhowmanytimesadaywechatortext,Emmaisnowgoneinafargrandersense.Sheiswello

ntheroadtoadulthood,andfromthis,shewillneverreturn.可知虽然花了相当长的时间才意识到发生了什么，但我现在明白，我的不快乐和焦虑并不是我和Emma在一起的时间多寡的反映。

不管她回家的频率有多高，也不管我们每天有多少次聊天或发短信，Emma现在在更大的意义上来说，已经不在了。她已经很好地走在了成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。由此可知，让作者过度担心的原因是Emma童年的逝去。故选B。7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一

段中WhenIsentmydaughter,Emma,offforherfreshmanyearofcollegeafewyearsago,Ifoundmyselfaffectedbyanunbelievablefeelingofmelancholy.可知几年前，当我

送女儿艾玛去上大学一年级时，我发现自己被一种难以置信的忧郁情绪所感染。结合文章主要记叙了几年前，作者送女儿Emma去上大学时，发现自己很悲伤。并且在报道中发现自己不是唯一一个有这种感受的家长。作者于是分析了让

自己产生这种失落感的原因，最终发现是Emma童年的逝去让自己感到失落，女儿如今已经很好地走在了成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。由此可知，D选项“挣扎着放开我的女儿”最符合文章标题，故选D。（2020届江西省

南昌市高三二模）Onmyfourthdayinaself-drivingcar,Ifinallyfeltcomfortableenoughtoletitstopitself.Beforethen,I'dallowedthecar-aVolvoS90sedan-tocontrolthe

direction,withmyhandsstillonthewheel,andtoadjustspeedintraffic.ByDay4,Iwasreadytomakeajumpintothefuture.Withthecartravelingonabusyroad,Iactiv

atedthedriverlessmode.Soon,atrafficlightturnedred.Forasplitsecond,Ipreparedtogetonthebrakes.Therewasnoneed.Thecamerasandcom

putersintheVolvorecognizedthetrafficconditionsandsmoothlybeganapplyingthebrake.Ifyou'reanythinglikemostpeople,you

'refamiliarwiththisanxiety.Almost80percentofAmericansfeartravelinginaself-drivingcar,arecentsurveyfound.

ResearchersattheUniversityofChicagohaveconductedsomecleverexperimentsstudyingthephenomenon.Theyaskedparticipantstocompletetasksandcomparethei

rperformancewithacomputersystem's.Afterthecomputermadeamistake,peoplewereunwillingtouseitagain.Afterthepeoplemademistakes,t

heirself-confidencewouldn'tchange.Itdidn'tmatterthatthehumanbeingsmademoremistakesthanthecomputer.Soitiswithdriving.Morethan37,000Am

ericansdiedincrasheslastyear,mostfromhumanerror.Thedeathcountfromcarsgoesbeyondthatfromguns.Soifyouareshockedandangrybygunsandwantthing

stochange,youshouldfeelthesameaboutcarcrashes.Technologycreatesanopportunitytosavelives.Computersdon'tg

etdrunkordistractedbytextmessages,andtheydon'thaveblindspots.Justlookatcommercialairlines:Automationhashelpedallbutgetridofdeadl

ycrashesamongAmericanaircarriers.Thelastonehappenedin2009.Thetechnologyforself-drivingcarsstillisn'tgoodenough.

Butitisimprovingrapidly.Withinafewyears,manycarswillhaveadvancedcrash-avoidancesystemsanddrivingwillberevolutionizedsoonerthanmanype

oplenowunderstand.8．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A．Byofferingapieceofnews.B．Bygivingbackgroundinformation.

C．Bydescribinganexperience.D．Byintroducingalatestcar.9．Whatcanbelearntabouttheparticipantsoftheexperiments?A．They

tendedtoacceptthecomputer'sfaults.B．Theyseemedtocarelittleabouttheirownmistakes.C．Theyfeltlessconfidentaftermakingm

istakes.D．Theyperformedbetterthancomputersystems.10．Theauthormentionedcommercialairlines___________.A．toprovetheadvantage

oftechnologyB．toassessthesecurityofdriverlesscarsC．tofindfaultwithcomputersD．toadvertiseforthecommerc

ialairlines11．Whatdoestheauthorexpectoftheself-drivingcar?A．I'llavoiddeadlycrashesentirely.B．It'lloccupythemarketinashorttime.C．It'llbebetteredin

everypossibleway.D．It'llbepopularizedsoonerthanexpected.【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者先是通过自己驾驶自动汽车的经历来说明了最近的一项调查发现，近80%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。而

芝加哥大学的研究人员进行了一些巧妙的实验来研究这一现象，结果发现电脑出了错误后，人们就不愿再用它了。当人们犯了错误之后，他们的自信并不会改变。文章还说明了电脑技术的优势以及作者对自动驾驶汽车的期待。8．推理判断题。根据文章前三段主要描述了作者第四天驾驶自动驾驶汽车时的经过，在路上，交通灯变

红了刹那间，作者准备踩刹车，这是没有必要的，沃尔沃车上的摄像头和电脑识别出了交通状况，并开始平稳地刹车。结合第三段中Almost80percentofAmericansfeartravelinginaself-drivingcar,arecentsurveyfound.可知最近的一项

调查发现，近80%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。第四段中则开始论述文章的主题。由此可推知，作者通过描述一个自身经历来引入主题。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据第四段中Theyaskedparticipantstoc

ompletetasksandcomparetheirperformancewithacomputersystem's.Afterthecomputermadeamistake,peoplewereunwillingtous

eitagain.Afterthepeoplemademistakes,theirself-confidencewouldn'tchange.Itdidn'tmatterthatthehumanbeingsmademoremistakesthanthecomputer

.可知他们要求参与者完成任务，并将他们的表现与电脑系统进行比较。电脑出了错误后，人们就不愿再用它了。当人们犯了错误之后，他们的自信不会改变。人类犯的错误比计算机多并不重要。由此可推知，实验参与者似乎对自己的错误毫不在意。故选B。10．推理

判断题。根据倒数第二段中Technologycreatesanopportunitytosavelives.Computersdon'tgetdrunkordistractedbytextmessages,andtheydo

n'thaveblindspots.Justlookatcommercialairlines:AutomationhashelpedallbutgetridofdeadlycrashesamongAmericanaircarriers.可知技术创造了拯救生

命的机会。电脑不会喝醉或被短信分心，也没有盲点。看看商业航空公司:自动化几乎帮助所有美国航空公司摆脱了致命的坠机事故.由此可推知，作者提到商业航空公司是为了证明技术的优势。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Thetechnologyforself-driv

ingcarsstillisn'tgoodenough.Butitisimprovingrapidly.Withinafewyears,manycarswillhaveadvancedcrash-avoidancesystemsanddrivingwill

berevolutionizedsoonerthanmanypeoplenowunderstand.可知自动驾驶汽车的技术还不够好。但它正在迅速改善。几年之内，许多汽车将拥有先进的防撞系统，驾驶技术将

比现在人们所了解的更快地发生革命性变化。由此可推知，作者对自动驾驶汽车的期望是它会比预期更早地普及。故选D。（2020届山西省太原市高三二模）Onerainyafternoon,Iwasonacrosstownbuswhenayou

ngwomanjumpedon.Shehadachildwithherwhowasaboutthreeorfouryearsold.Thebuswasfull,bumpy(颠簸的),anditsoongotnoisy,asherkidbegancrying—hew

asupsetthathecouldn'tsitnexttohismother.Shelookedembarrassed.Thenanotherwoman,alittleolder,stoodupandmovedsot

hatthemotherandchildcouldsittogether.Themumsmiledasathank-you.Andthenthreewordscameoutoftheolderwoman'smouththatraisedtheentireenergyofthatbusride:“

I'vebeenthere.”Simple,undramatic,andhonest.Inthatmoment,itseemedtounitethediversepeopleofthecity.Why?Becausealmostallexperiencesar

esharedhumanexperiences.They'reuniversal.Weforgetthataswegothroughlife,focusedonourowntroublesandneeds—whichareactuall

ylessuniquethanwethink.Sometimespainfulpastexperiencespreventusfromwantingtoopenuptoothersbecausewedon

'twanttorevisitourownhistory.Butawonderfulwaytohonoryourpasthurtistohelpcomfortanother'scurrentpain.WhenIwasalittlegirl,welivedondonationsfromlo

calfamiliesandclothingfromthe"lostandfound"baskets.Itwasshamefulformeatthetime—Ilivedinfearofbeingcaughtinafrien

d'scast-offitem.Evenwhenitwaswarmer,Irefusedtotakeoffalayerintheclassroomforthisreason.NowIdon'tmeetpeoplewhoareinthisexactsituatio

n,butIdonoticewhensomeoneisstrugglingwithfinancialshameorfeelslessthanotherpeopletheymeet.AndI'mquicktosaysom

eversionof,"I'vebeenthere."Cantheessenceofthesethreewordshelpyoumakeasmalldifferencerightnow?Itcanbeassimpleasvolunteeri

ngyourseat,sharingsomehelpfuladvice,orevenlighteningthemoodwithajokewhenyounoticethatsomeone'suncomfortable—becausewe'reallinthistogether.8．

Whatinfluencedidtheolderwoman'swordshaveonthepeoplearound?A．Causingdiscomfort.B．Breakinglongsilence.C

．Creatingaheateddebate.D．Inspiringcommonfeelings.9．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpersonaltroublesandneeds?A．Theyaremostlysharedexperiences.B．Theyd

on'treallymattertoanyone'C．Theywillbeforgottenwithtime.D．Theyareuniquetoeachindividual.10．Whydidtheauthorrefusetotakeoffthecoatintheclassroom?A．Bec

auseshehadthesamesweaterwithothers.B．Becauseshestolethesweaterfromsomeone'C．Becauseshelikedwearingthecoati

nsummer.D．Becauseshefeltembarrassedwearingothers'clothes.11．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．PainfulExperiencesAr

eNoBigDealB．TheBestWaytoHonorYourPastHurtC．TrueHappinessComesfromHelpingOthersD．ThreeLittleWordsThatBringUsTogether【答案】8．D9．A10．D11．D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文

章由作者在公交车上看到一位老太太给一对母子让座，老太太对那位母亲说“I'vebeenthere.(我也经历过)”而引发了对这三个字的思考，并联想到自身小时候家中贫困的经历。作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历，这三个字可以帮助安慰别人现在的痛苦，将人们联系在一起。8

．推理判断题。根据第二段中Andthenthreewordscameoutoftheolderwoman'smouththatraisedtheentireenergyofthatbusride:“I'vebeenthere.”可知接

着老太太嘴里说出了三个字:“我也经历过。”这三个字让整趟公车都充满了活力。由此可推知，老妇人的话激发了周围人的共同情感。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中Becausealmostallexperiencesaresharedhumanexperiences

.可知因为几乎所有的经历都是人类共有的经历。由此可知，作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第五段WhenIwasalittlegirl,welivedondonationsfromlocalfamiliesan

dclothingfromthe“lostandfound”baskets.Itwasshamefulformeatthetime—Ilivedinfearofbeingcaughtinafriend’scast-o

ffitem.可知当我还是个小女孩的时候，我们靠当地家庭的捐赠和“失物招领”篮子里的衣物为生。在当时，这对我来说是很丢脸的——我一直生活在恐惧中，害怕被抓住穿着一个朋友丢弃的东西。由此可知，作者在教室里拒绝脱外衣因为

她觉得穿别人的衣服不好意思。故选D。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段Cantheessenceofthesethreewordshelpyoumakeasmalldifferencerightnow?Itcanbeassimpleasvol

unteeringyourseat,sharingsomehelpfuladvice,orevenlighteningthemoodwithajokewhenyounoticethatsomeone'suncomfortable—becausewe'real

linthistogether.可知现在，这三个字的本质能帮你做出一点小小的改变吗？它可以很简单，比如自愿让座，分享一些有用的建议，甚至当你注意到某人不舒服时，用一个笑话来缓解情绪——因为我们都是在一起的。结合文章由作者在公交车上看到一位老太太给一对母子让座，老太太

对那位母亲说“I'vebeenthere.(我也经历过)”而引发了对这三个字的思考，并联想到自身小时候家中贫困的经历。作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历，这三个字可以帮助安慰别人现在的痛苦，将人们联系在一起。由此可

知，D选项“让我们走到一起的三个字”最符合文章标题，故选D。（2020届山西省太原市高三二模）DoCyberSchoolsMaketheGrade?StudentsinCaldwell,Idaho,canattendclas

sintheirpajamas!AtVallivueVirtualAcademy,coursesaretaughtonline.Studentsworkathomewithparents,whoserveaslear

ningcoaches.Acertifiedteacheroverseesthestudents'progress.Thecyberschoolwaslaunchedasafreeoptionforstudentsinkindergartenthroug

hgrade8whohavetroublesucceedinginthedistrict'straditionalpublicschool.Supportersoftheprogramsaythatvirtuallearningcanhelpstudentsworkatth

eirownpace.Ifstudentsstrugglewithsubjects,theycantakethosecoursesonlineandspendmoretimeonthem.ValerieVanSelous,ateacherfromHopewellTownship,N.

J・，agrees."Teachers,students,andparentsneedtoacceptnewtechnologyandnotbeafraidofit.Offeringdifferentteachingaidsjustmightbethekeytounlockingastud

ent'spotential."Somealsobelievethatattendingvirtualschoolcanpreparestudentsforcollegeandforworkaftergraduation."Wen

eedtoberesponsibleforworkingonourown,”saysAngelaGoscilo,aseniorfromPoundRidge,N.Y."Weneedtodeveloptechnologyskillst

hatwillhelpusinwhateverwedo.Gettinganearlystartisagoodidea."Noteveryonegivescyberschoolsapassinggrade，however.Someeducatorsarguethatonlinelearningm

akesithardforstudentstomakefriends.PaytonMcdonough,13,aseventhgraderfromGlencoe,m.,agrees."Idon'tknowho

wIcouldsitatacomputeralldaywithoutactuallyinteractingwithmypeersandteachers,"hesays.Inaddition,virtualschoolsd

on’thaveenoughstructure.Studentswhotakeonlinecoursescansettheirownschedules,whichwillcauseproblemsforstudentswhohavetroublestayingmotivated.Manyparen

tsalsofeelthatcyberschoolsputunrealistictimedemandsonthembecausetheyhavetooverseetheirkids'dailywork.Manyofthemhavefull-timejob

s.Howaretheygoingtoruntheirchildren'seducation,excelintheirjobs,andtakecareoftheirotherresponsibilitiesathome?12．Whatisthecyberschoolintendedfor?A

．Reducingthetimestudentsspendonline.B．Helpingthosewhostruggleintraditionalschools.C．Allowingteacherstoworkattheirownp

ace.D．Encouragingstudentstolearnabouttechnology.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph5?A．Noteveryoneapprovesofcyberschools.B．Notev

eryonehasattendedacyberschool.C．Noteveryonehasgivencyberschoolsatest.D．Noteveryonecaresaboutstudentsincyberschools.14．Howdoworkingpare

ntsfeelaboutoverseeingtheirkids'dailywork?A．It'sworthwhile.B．It'sunnecessary.C．It'sdemanding.D．It'sdiscouraging.15．Whatisthemainideao

fthetext?A．StudentsinCaldwellcanattendclassathomeeveryday.B．Therearevariousargumentsforandagainstvirtualschools.C．It'simpo

rtantforstudentstolearntoworkinthevirtualworld.D．Cyberschoolsarebetterthantraditionalschoolsinmanyway

s.【答案】12．B13．A14．C15．B【解析】这是一篇议论文，主要论述了对网校的不同看法。12．推理判断题。由第三段“Thecyberschoolwaslaunchedasafreeoptionforstudentsinkindergartenthroughgra

de8whohavetroublesucceedinginthedistrict'straditionalpublicschool.”可知，网络学校是为幼儿园到8年级的学生提供的一种免费选择，这些学生在当地传统的

公立学校中很难取得成功。由此可以判断，网络学校是为了帮助在传统学校里苦苦奋斗的那些学生。故选B项。13．词义猜测题。根据下文Someeducatorsarguethatonlinelearningmak

esithardforstudentstomakefriends.PaytonMcdonough,13,aseventhgraderfromGlencoe,m.,agrees."Idon'tknowhowIcouldsitatacomputeralldaywi

thoutactuallyinteractingwithmypeersandteachers,"hesays.（一些教育工作者认为，在线学习让学生很难交朋友。13岁的佩顿·麦克多诺(PaytonMcdonough)是密歇根州格兰科市(Glencoe)的一名七年级学生。他说:“我不知道我怎么能

整天坐在电脑前而不与我的同学和老师互动。”）这是对网校的否定。由此可知，划线的句子意思是并非所有人都赞成网络学校。故选A项。14．推理判断题。由最后一段“Manyparentsalsofeelthatcyberschoolsputunrealistictimedemandsont

hembecausetheyhavetooverseetheirkids'dailywork.Manyofthemhavefull-timejobs.Howaretheygoingtoruntheirchildren

'seducation,excelintheirjobs,andtakecareoftheirotherresponsibilitiesathome?”可知，许多家长还认为，网络学校对他们的时间要求不切实际，

因为他们必须监督孩子的日常学业。他们中的许多人都有全职工作。她们将如何管理孩子的教育，如何在工作中出类拔萃，如何照顾好家里的其他责任?由此可见，对于那些有工作的家长而言，监督孩子的日常这件事要求太高，他们无暇顾及。故选C项。15．主旨大意题。由标题“DoCy

berSchoolsMaketheGrade?”可知，网络学校合格吗？同时结合本文的第三段以及第四段和第五段的首句，我们可以看出来这篇文章主要就网校是否合格这个主题，分别从正面和反面阐述了观点。故选B项。（2020届山西省运城市高三调研）Thatrobots,automation

,andsoftwarecanreplacepeoplemightseemobvioustoanyonewho’sworkedinautomotivemanufacturing.ButMITbusine

ssscholarsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee’sclaimismoretroublingandcontroversial.Theybelievethatrapidtechnologicalchangehasbeendestroyingjobs

fasterthanitiscreatingthem.Theybelievethattechnologyincreasesproductivityandmakessocietieswealthier,butitbecamecleartothemthatthesame

technologiesmakingmanyjobssafer,easier,andmoreproductivewerealsoreducingthedemandformanytypesofhumanworkers.Technologi

esliketheWeb,artificialintelligence,andbigdataareautomatingmanyroutinetasks.Countlesstraditionalwhite-collarjobs,

suchasmanyinthepostofficeandincustomerservice,havedisappeared.Asevidence,BrynjolfssonandMcAfeepointtoachartonwhichseparatelinesrepresentproduc

tivityandtotalemploymentintheUnitedStates.ForyearsafterWorldWarII,thetwolinescloselytrackedeachother,withincreasesinjobscorrespondingtoincreas

esinproductivity.Then,beginningin2000,thelinesdiverge;productivitycontinuestorisesteadily,butemploymentsuddenlyshrinks.By2011,asignificantgapappearsb

etweenthetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.UnitedStatesProductivityandEmploymentButarethesenewtechnologie

sreallyresponsibleforadecadeoflackluster(无生气)jobgrowth?DavidAutor,aneconomistatMITwhohasstudiedtheconnectio

nsbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattechnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtstha

tproductivityhas,infact,risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.Ifhe’sright,itraisesthepossibilitythatpoo

rjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofadepressedeconomy.Thesuddenslowdowninjobcreation“isabigpuzzle,”hesays,“butthere’snotalot

ofevidencethatit’slinkedtocomputers.”“Tobesure,computertechnologiesarechangingthetypesofjobsavailable,butthatisverydiffe

rentfromsayingtechnologyisaffectingthetotalnumberofjobs,”headds.“Jobscanchangealotwithouttherebeinghugechangesinemploymentrates.”L

awrenceKatz,aHarvardeconomist,saysthatwhiletechnologicalchangescanbepainfulforworkerswhoseskillsnolongermatchtheneedsofemployers,nohistoricalpattern

showstheseshiftsleadingtoanetdecreaseinjobsoveranextendedperiod.Still,Katzdoesn’tdismissthenotionthatthereissomethingdiff

erentabouttoday’sdigitaltechnologies.Thoughheexpectsthehistoricalpatterntohold,itis“genuinelyaquestion,”hesays.“Iftechnologydisr

uptsenough,whoknowswhatwillhappen?”8．WhichperiodonthechartstronglysupportsMcAfee’sclaim?A．1947—1967.B．1985—1987.C．1997—2000.

D．2011—2013.9．AccordingtoDavidAutor,thechangeinjobgrowth________.A．isnotnecessarilycausedbytechnologyB．resultsfromaweakeninge

conomyC．hasnoconnectionwithproductivityD．affectsthecurrenttypesofjobs10．WhatisLawrenceKatz’sattitudetowardsthetopic?A．Optimist

ic.B．Defensive.C．Objective.D．Disapproving.11．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．showtherelationbetweenproductivitya

ndjobcreationB．discusstheeffectoftechnologicaladvancesonemploymentC．argueagainstthewideuseofartificialintelligenceD．explainthe

impactoftechnologiesonproductivity【答案】8．D9．A10．C11．B【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文讨论了技术进步对就业的影响。8．推理判断题。根据第三段中By2011,asignificantgapappearsbetween

thetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.可知，图表上2011—2013强烈支持McAfee的主张。故答案为D。9．

推理判断题。根据第四段中itraisesthepossibilitythatpoorjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofadepressedeconomy.可知，根据DavidAutor的说法，就业增长的变化并不一定是由技术造成的，而可能是由萧条的经济造成

的。故答案为A。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Thoughheexpectsthehistoricalpatterntohold,itis“genuinelyaquestion,”hesays.“Iftechnologydisruptsenough,whok

nowswhatwillhappen?”可知，LawrenceKatz对这个话题的态度是客观的。故答案为C。11．推理判断题。根据第四段中whohasstudiedtheconnectionsbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattec

hnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtsthatproductivityhas,infact,

risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.可知，这篇文章的主要目的是讨论技术进步对就业的影响。故答案为B。（2020届四川省成都七中高三三诊）Recently,agroupofscientistsdecide

dtofindoutwhatthefunniestjokeintheworldwas.Thiswasobviouslyadifficulttask,asnotwopeoplereallyagreeaboutwhatis

funnyandwhatisnot—especiallywhentheyarefromdifferentcountries.Hereisthejokewhichtheexpertsdecidedwasthefunnies

tjokeintheworld：Twohunterswereoutinthewoods.Oneofthemfelltotheground.Hedidn’tseemtobebreathing;hiseyeswe

reclosed.Theotherhuntertookouthismobilephoneandcalledtheemergencyservices.“Myfriendisdead!”hecriedtotheoperator.“

WhatcanIdo？”Theoperatorsaid，“Don’tworry.First,makesurehe’sdead.”Therewasasilence,andthenashotwasheard.Bang!Thehunter’svoicecamebackonthelin

e.Hesaid,“OK,nowwhat?”Thisisperhapsamusing.Culturally,itdependsonusknowingthatoftenhuntersarenotconsideredtobeveryintelligentpeople,andthatoftenthey

arequiteviolent.Butperhapsthisisnotsoallovertheworld.It’salsoquitea“black”joke—ajokeaboutsomethingwhichisn’treallyafunnysubject.Th

eexpertsalsofoundthesecondfunniestjokeintheworld.Hereitis：SherlockHolmesandDr.Watsonwentonacampingtrip.Afterdinner,theywen

ttosleep.Somehourslater,Holmeswokeup.“Watson,lookupattheskyandtellmewhatyousee.”“Iseemillionsofstars,Holmes,”repliedWatson.“Andw

hatdoyouinferfromthat?”“Well,therearebillionsofstars...weareasmallpartoftheuniverse...”“Watson,youidiot!”hesaid.“Someonehasstolenourtent!”Ipersonal

lythinkthisisbetter.Canscientistsintheenddecidewhatisfunny?Somethingsaremuchtoocomplicated,evenforscientists.4．Whatc

anwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．Fewjokescanmakescientistslaugh.B．Onlyscientistscanfindoutthefunniestjoke.C．Ther

earedifferentjokesindifferentcountries.D．Peopleholddifferentopinionsaboutwhatisfunny.5．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefirstjoke?A．Itisnotsofu

nnyastheexpertsthought.B．Itisreallythefunniestjokehehaseverheard.C．Itcangreatlyaffectreaders’attitudestowardhunters.D．Itshowsthatnotallhuntersare

braveandintelligent.6．Wecanlearnthataperson’sunderstandingofajokecanbeaffectedby________.A．thereader’sfeelingB．thelengthofthejokeC．thereader’scul

turalbackgroundD．thelanguagethatthetelleruses7．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．UninterestingjokesB．DifferentkindsofjokesC．Thefunn

iestjokesintheworldD．Tipsonhowtomakeotherslaugh【答案】4．D5．A6．C7．C【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一些科学家试图找到世界上最好笑的笑话，但实际上由于人们判断笑

话好笑的标准不一样，找出最好笑的笑话是很难做到的。4．推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Thiswasobviouslyadifficulttask,asnotwopeoplereallyagreeaboutwhatisfunnyandwhatisnot—especial

lywhentheyarefromdifferentcountries.“这显然是一项艰巨的任务，因为没有两个人能够就什么好笑什么不好笑达成一致——尤其是当他们来自不同的国家时。”可知，人们对笑话是否好笑持有不同的观点。故选D。5．推理判断题。根据第四段中的Thi

sisperhapsamusing.Culturally,itdependsonusknowingthatoftenhuntersarenotconsideredtobeveryintelligentpeople,andthatof

tentheyarequiteviolent.Butperhapsthisisnotsoallovertheworld.It’salsoquitea“black”joke—ajokeaboutsomethingwhichisn’treallyafunnysubject.“这也许很有趣。从

文化上来说，这取决于我们知道猎人通常被认为不是很聪明的人，而且他们通常很暴力。但也许并非全世界都是如此。这也是一个相当“黑色”的笑话——关于一些并不有趣的话题的笑话。”可知，作者认为第一个笑话不如专家认为的那样好笑，它充其量只是个“

黑色幽默”。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第四段中的Culturally,itdependsonusknowingthatoftenhuntersarenotconsideredtobeveryintelligentpeople

,andthatoftentheyarequiteviolent.“从文化上来说，这取决于我们知道猎人通常被认为不是很聪明的人，而且他们通常很暴力。”可知，一个人对某个笑话的理解受其文化背景的影响。故选C。7．主旨大意题。本文主要

讲的是科学家试图找出世界上最好笑的笑话，但是不同的人持有不同的观点。所以C项Thefunniestjokesintheworld“世界上最有趣的笑话”为最佳标题。故选C。（2020届广东省高三模拟一）Anadvanceinelectronicpublishingco

uldmaketheebookyouarereadingseemasdatedasasilentfilm.Publishershopetoexplorethegrowingsuccessofebooksbyreleasingversionswithaddedsoundtracksandmusica

laccompaniments.Thenoisesinthefirstmultimediabooks-releasedinBritainonFriday-includerainhittingawindowinaSherlockHolmestale.Whentheplot

ofabookreachesthemostexcitingpart,backgroundscoreswillcreatetension.InAmerica,worksbyShakespeareandJaneAustenhavealreadybeenrele

asedwithmusicandbackgroundnoisesothat,forexample,readerscanhearteacupsclinkinginMr.Darcy'sgardenastheyreadPrideandPrejudic

e.Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentforebooksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Critics,however,willarguet

hatthenoisewillruinthesimplepleasureofhavingtheimaginationstimulatedbyreading.CarolineMichel,chiefexecutiveo

ftheliteraryagency,saidthenewgenerationofcomputer-literatereaderswasusedtomultiplesensoryinput.Shesaid,“Youngp

eoplehavesplitcomputerscreenswheretheymaybewatchingtelevisionandreplyingtoanemailatthesametime.Ifthat'swhatthema

rketwantsthenweshouldrespondtothemarket.”Booktrack'ssoundeffectsworkbyestimatingtheuser'sreadingspeed.Eachtimeyou“turn”apage,thesoftwar

ereassesseswhereyouhavereachedinthetextandtimesthesoundstoswitchonaccordingly.Ifthesoundtrackbecomesoutofsync

h(同步),aclickonanywordwillre-setit.Someauthorsfearthatasoundtrackcoulddestroythepeaceandquietoflibrariesandruintheplea

sureofreading.DavidNicholls,authorofOneDay,thebestsellernowreleasedasafilm,said,“Thissoundsliketheoppositeofreading.Ihave

enoughtroublereadinganebookbecauseI’mconstantlydistractedbyemails.”StuartMacBride,thecrimewriterwhosenovelShattertheB

oneswasanebookbestseller,sells18%ofhisbooksaselectronicdownloads.Hesaid,“IfI’mreading,Iwilldothenoiseinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotell

mewhatteacupsclinkingsoundslike.Thatwouldirritateme.”12．What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Opinionsaboutebookswithsoundtracks.B．Respo

nsetotheneedofthebookmarket.C．Reasonsfortraditionalebooksbecomingoutdated.D．Suggestionsonencouragingreaders'imagination.13．Whatdopublisherse

xpectanebooksoundtracktodo?A．Helptoreleaseanebookasafilm.B．Helpreadersimprovereadingspeed.C．Addtensio

natabook'sexcitingpoint.D．Getreadersfamiliarwiththebackground.14．Whoisinfavourofaddedsoundtracksforebooks?A．Mr.Darcy.B

．CarolineMichel.C．DavidNicholls.D．StuartMacBride.15．WhatdoweknowaboutStuartMacBride?A．Hewasapersonwhowaseasytogetangry.B．Heknewagreatdealaboutteaa

ndteaculture.C．Eighty-twopercentofhisbooksdescribedcrime.D．Heimaginedsoundsrelatedtothestorywhenreading.【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．D【解析】这是一篇议论文

。文章说明了出版商希望通过发行带有附加音轨和音乐伴奏版本的电子书，支持者认为，声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展，并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而，批评家会争辩说，噪音会破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。文章介绍了不同的人对此

的看法。12．主旨大意题。根据第三段Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentforebooksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Critics,however,will

arguethatthenoisewillruinthesimplepleasureofhavingtheimaginationstimulatedbyreading.可知支持者认为，声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展，并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而，批评家会争辩说，噪音会

破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。结合文章说明了出版商希望通过发行带有附加音轨和音乐伴奏版本的电子书，支持者认为，声音效果是电子书的下一个合乎逻辑的发展，并将增加年轻读者的兴奋。然而，批评家会争辩说，噪音会破坏阅读所激发的想象的简单乐趣。文章介绍了不同的人对此

的看法。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲了对带有配乐的电子书的看法。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中Whentheplotofabookreachesthemostexcitingpart,backgroundscoreswillcreatetension.可知当书的情节发

展到最激动人心的部分时，背景的得分会制造紧张感。由此可知，出版商希望一个电子书原声带在书中令人兴奋的地方增加紧张感。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据第四段中CarolineMichel,chiefexecutiveoftheliteraryagency,saidthen

ewgenerationofcomputer-literatereaderswasusedtomultiplesensoryinput.可知这家文学机构的首席执行官CarolineMichel表示，新一代懂电脑的读者习惯于

多重感官输入。以及Ifthat'swhatthemarketwantsthenweshouldrespondtothemarket.可知如果这是市场想要的，那么我们应该对市场作出反应。由此可推知，CarolineMich

el支持为电子书添加配乐。故选B。15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中Hesaid,“IfI’mreading,Iwilldothenoiseinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatteacupsclinkingsoundslike.Th

atwouldirritateme.”可知他说：“如果我在看书，我会在脑子里制造响声。我不需要有人告诉我茶杯叮当的声音是什么样的。那会激怒我的。”由此可知，StuartMacBride在阅读时想象与故事有关的声音。故选D

。（2020届广东省肇庆市高三质量监测）Morethanabillionpeoplearoundtheworldhavesmartphones,almostallofwhichcomewithsomekindofnavig

ationappsuchasAppleMapsorAmap.Thisraisestheage-oldquestionwemeetwithanytechnology:Whatabilitiesisourbrainlosingtotheseapps?Butalso,impo

rtantly:Whatabilitiesarewegaining?Talkingwithpeoplewhoaregoodatfindingtheirwayaroundorgoodatusingpapermaps,Ioftenhearal

otofannoyancewithdigitalmaps.North/southdirectiongetsmessedup,andyoucanseeonlyasmallsectionatatime.Icanreallyunderstandthatitmaybequitedistu

rbingforthealreadyskilledtobelimitedtoasmallphonescreen.Butconsiderwhatdigitalnavigationaidshavemeantforsomeonelik

eme.Althoughbeingafrequenttraveler,I'msoterribleatfindingmywaythatIstilluseAppleMapsalmosteverydayinthesmalltownwhe

reIhavelivedformanyyears.Inmanydevelopednations,streetnamesandhousenumberscanbemeaningful,andinstructionssucha

sgonorthforthreeblocksand──thenwest’’makesensetothosefamiliarwiththeserules.InIstanbul,however,whereIgrewup,noneofthoseholdtrue.Foronething,theloc

alsseldomusestreetnames.Besides,thecityisfullofwindingandancientalleys(小巷)thatcrosswithneweravenuesatmanyangles.Insuchplaces,you’dbetterturntoth

elocals.Inthecountryside,however,thereisoftennobodyoutsidetoask.Infact,alongcameAppleMaps,likeafairygrandmotherwhisperingdirectionsinm

year.Sincethen,Itravelwithalotmoreconfidence,andmyworldhasopenedup.Whichbringsmebacktomyoriginalquestion:Whileweoftenlosesomeskillsafterdepe

ndingonnewtechnology,thisnewequipmentmayalsoallowustogainnewabilities.Maybewhentechnologyclosesadoor,weshouldalsolookforthedoorsitopens.12．Wh

ydopeoplewhoareskilledatreadingpapermapsfeelupset?A．Theyareinterestedinreadingpapermaps,B．Theydon’tknow

howtousenavigation,apps.C．Theyarelimitedtoasinglesmartphoneapp.D．Theyareconfusedbydigitalmaps’direction.13．Accordingtothetext,whichisthebestwaytofi

ndthedestinationinIstanbul?A．Askinglocalpeopletheway.B．Followingthenavigationapp.C．Gettingfamiliarwiththecityrules.D．Lookingforstreetname

sandhousenumbers.14．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenavigationapps?A．CautiousB．AmbiguousC．FavorableD．Critical15．Whatcouldbe

thebesttitleofthepassage?A．BenefitsofNavigationAppsB．DisadvantagesofNavigationAppsC．MyWorldOpensUpbyNewTechnologyD

．HaveNavigationAppsWorsenedOurBrain?【答案】12．D13．A14．C15．D【解析】这是一篇议论文。每天都有很多人通过智能手机使用导航程序，人们对此态度不一，作者认为导航程序很实用，并且也可能让我们获得新的能力。12．细节理解题。根据第

二段中“North/southdirectiongetsmessedup,andyoucanseeonlyasmallsectionatatime.”可知，擅长使用纸质地图的人认为电子地图会混淆南北方向，一次只能看一小部分内容，这令他们感觉不安。故选D项。1

3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Insuchplaces,you’dbetterturntothelocals.”可知，在伊斯坦布尔这样的地方，最好向当地人求助。故选A项。14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Althoughbeingafrequenttravele

r,I'msoterribleatfindingmywaythatIstilluseAppleMapsalmosteverydayinthesmalltownwhereIhavelivedformanyyears.”及最后一段中“Whileweoftenloseso

meskillsafterdependingonnewtechnology,thisnewequipmentmayalsoallowustogainnewabilities.”可知，作者几乎每天使用电子地图，并且认为这样的设备也可能让我们获得新的能

力，所以作者对导航程序的态度是支持的。故选C项。15．主旨大意题。文章第一段提出问题“Whatabilitiesisourbrainlosingtotheseapps?”，第二段提到人们对电子地图的否定态度，第三、四段通过具体分析表明自己对导航程序的支持态度，

最后一段总结全文。所以D项“导航应用让我们的大脑变得更糟了吗?”最适合作本文标题。故选D项。（2020届广东省珠海市高三三模）Chengdu,thecapitalofSichuanprovince,hasanancientcomp

etitionwithChongqing,acitytoitssouth-east.ResidentsofChongqingaccusedtheirChengducousinsofbeingpompous(自大的).ThepeopleofChongqingwerehotheads,Che

ngduresidentsshotback.Bothcitiessharealoveofspice-ladenSichuancuisine,whichinrecentdecadeshasoccupiedChinesedinnertables.Buttheyareatwaroverwhi

chhasthebestSichuanhotpot—atypeofDIY-cookingthatinvolvesboilingvegetablesandslicesofmeatwithchilliesandnumbingpeppercorns.AprivatemuseuminChon

gqing,openedseveralyearsago,makesthecasefortheChongqing-stylehotpot.Itdescribeshowitdevelopedfromametho

dusedtomakecheapoffcutsofmeattastedelicious.ButChengduisplayingcatch-up.InJanuarythecitysoldaplotoflandoncondi

tionthatthedeveloperbuildahotpotmuseumonpartofit.ThetwocitiesareamongmanyinChinawiththeirownstylesofhotpot.Hotpotrestauran

tsinChinaaremoreprofitablethanotherkinds.Haidilao,awell-knownSichuan-basedhotpotchain,raisednearly$1bnwhenitwaslistedonth

eHongKongStockExchange(股票交易所)inSeptember.NotallChinesewarmtohotpot.SomeolderSichuaneserefusetobeconnect

edwithit.Theycomplainthatitiscausingoveruseofchilliinotherdishesthatcoveruptheoriginalgenuineflavours.ButChengdu’splan

sforamuseumsuggestthatSichuanhotpotisnotonlygrowinginpopularity,butisalsobecomingsymbolic.Ifitcansetthe

Westonfire,officialsmayhopeitwillbecomeadeliciousnewsourceofChinesesoftpower.TherewillbeplentyofgloryforbothChengduandChongqingtotakepride

inifthathappens.4．WhyareChengduandChongqingcompetingwitheachother?A．BecauseChengdupeoplethinkChongqingpeoplearepompous.B．BecauseCh

engduresidentsliketoshootbackinbattles.C．Becausetheyboththinktheyarebetterateatingspicyfood.D．BecausetheybothbelievetheyhavethebestSichuanhotp

ot.5．WhatisthepurposeofbuildingahotpotmuseuminChengdu?A．TocompetewithChongqing.B．ToadvertiseSichuancuisine.C．Toshowt

heirloveforhotpot.D．Tokeepthehotpottradition.6．Whatcanweinferabouthotpotfromthelastparagraph?A．Thetwocitieshavecompetedonlyinrec

entdecades.B．Morehotpotmuseumswillbebuiltinthefuture.C．HotpotisalreadyasourceofChinesesoftpower.D．Peopleholdahighexpectationforhotpotcu

lture.7．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．GrowingPopularityofHotpotinTwoCitiesB．TwoCities’WarOverTastiestSi

chuanHotpotC．“NoHotpot,NoHappiness”TrueinFoodBusinessD．PrivateMuseuminChongqingOpenedFirst【答案】4．D5．A6．D7．B【解析】这是一篇议

论文。文章首段提到，两城就谁做的火锅最好的争论引出论题，随后结合事实：两城先后建立博物馆，相互竞争，最终归结到一点：火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。4．细节理解题。结合题干关键词ChengduandChongqin

gcompetingwitheachother可以定位到第一段第一句。Chengdu,…,hasanancientcompetitionwithChongqing,根据第一段最后一句Buttheyareatwaroverwhichhasthe

bestSichuanhotpot—atypeofDIY-cookingthatinvolvesboilingvegetablesandslicesofmeatwithchiliesandnumbingpeppercorn

s.但是双方还在为谁的火锅最好而争论不休。可知，他们两个城市争论的焦点在于“谁的火锅最好”，选项D符合题意。故选D项。5．推理判断题。结合题干关键词buildingahotpotmuseuminChengd

u定位到文章的第二段最后两句ButChengduisplayingcatch-up.InJanuarythecitysoldaplotoflandonconditionthatthedeveloperbuildahotpotmuseumonpartof

it.但是成都正在迎头赶上。一月份成都卖了一块地，条件是开发商在里面建一座火锅博物馆。结合本段前两句AprivatemuseuminChongqing,openedseveralyearsago,makestheca

sefortheChongqing-stylehotpot.Itdescribeshowitdevelopedfromamethodusedtomakecheapoffcutsofmeattastedelicious.几年前重庆开了一家私人博物馆，来证明重庆火锅的特色。博物馆展示了重庆

火锅从便宜的边角肉片尝起来美味的发展过程。以及最后一段第一句：ButChengdu’splansforamuseumsuggestthatSichuanhotpotisnotonlygrowinginpopularity,butisalsobecoming

symbolic.但是成都的博物馆计划表明，四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎，而且正变得具有象征意义。比较内容可以得出，重庆开了私人博物馆，来展示了重庆火锅从便宜的边角肉片尝起来美味的发展过程，证明重庆火锅的特色；成都卖了一块地，让开发商在里面建一座火锅博物馆，

说明四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎，而且正变得具有象征意义。此举动同样是两城在争斗上的一个表现。选项A符合题意。故选A项。6．推理判断题。理解最后一段内容：但是成都的博物馆计划表明，四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎，而且正变得具有象征意义。

如果它能点燃西方人们的吃火锅的欲望，官员们可能希望它能成为中国软实力的一个诱人的新来源。如果这种情况发生，成都和重庆都会有足够的荣耀值得骄傲。可以得出结论，火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。选项D符合题意。故选D项。7．主旨大意题。文章首

段提到，两城就谁做的火锅最好的争论引出论题，随后结合事实：两城先后建立博物馆，相互竞争，最终归结到一点：火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。所以，文章的标题应该是：两城之争：谁做出了

最好吃的四川火锅。选项B符合题意。故选B项。