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考点35阅读理解记叙文高考频度：★★★★★记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不

大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细

节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。二、命题方式考向一细节事实理解一篇文

章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理

解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问：4.Accordingtothepassage,when/where/why/how/how/what/which,et

c...？1.直接事实题在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。2020年山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷，B）JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthet

ypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduat

edfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponaf

arminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattend

edalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(学费),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohel

phersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobea

bletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistryS

aintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeinthee

veningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher

68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Je

nnifersacrificed(牺牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetop

ickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherd

egree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.4．WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschoo

l?A．Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B．Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C．Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D．Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5．WhydidJenn

iferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A．Totakecareofherkidseasily.B．Tolearnfromtheb

estnurses.C．Tosavemoneyforherparents.D．Tofindawell-paidjobthere.6．WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A．Herhealth.B．Hertimewithfamily

.C．Herreputation.D．Herchanceofpromotion.7．WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A．Timeismoney.B．Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C．Hardworkpaysoff.D．Educationisthek

eytosuccess.【答案】4．C5．A6．B【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,worki

ngtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后

Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据

第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph‘sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Sheco

ulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可

以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.Totakecareofherkid

seasily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithhe

rkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起

的时光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。2.间接事实题解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian

,hostofthewell-receivedTVprogramme＂StarsTonight＂，MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,appearedastheguesthostessontheSha

nghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongkongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.

Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyear

s.However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVS

tation.＂It‘sreallyahardjobforme.Iwon‘tenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow,Iamquitelucky.Iamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwe

lfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime,inShanghai,I‘dlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience，＂saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.Q：WhichofthefollowingisNOT

true?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongkongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1

991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.【解析】A、C和D项都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文所给的是：takentoHongkong可判断不是movedtoHongkongwithherparents，因此选B。【答案】

3.数据推算。IfyouregisterboththeVIEWqualificationcourseandtheForumatthesametime,youwillsave_______.A.$100B.$300C.$350D.$400这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据

与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。考向二主题理解或写作意图推断一、主

旨阅读理解题考查的内容1.短文的标题（title,headline）；2.短文或段落的主题（subject）；3.中心思想(mainidea)；4.作者的写作目的(purpose)。二、此类题的设问方式考向三推理推断推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有

提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。此类题的设问常常包括infer,imply,suggest,conclude等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：3.Whicho

fthefollowingc8.ItcanbeconcludedfromthePas9.Onthewhole,13.Theauthorisincl14.Whenthewritertalksabout,考向四词义、句义猜测。词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短

语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。此类题的设问方式主要有1.Theword＂...＂2.Asusedinthepassage,thephrase＂...＂3.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword/phrase＂.

..＂[来源:学科网]4.Theword＂...＂isclosestinmeaningto...猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外

词汇。我们要学会＂顺藤摸瓜＂，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。1.定义法。如：Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingit

coolveryslowly.句子给予annealing以明确的定义，即＂退火＂。Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是

＂脆＂的意思。Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.定语从句中looksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的词义为＂牧人＂。2.同位法。如：Theytrave

ledalongwayandatlastgottoacastle,alargebuildinginoldtimes.同位语部分alargebuildinginoldtimes给出了castle的确切词义，即＂城堡＂。Weareonthenightshift—frommid

nightto8A.m.—thisweek.两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明nightshift是＂夜班＂的意思。3.对比法。如：Sheisusuallypromptforallherclass,buttodayshearrivedinthem

iddleofherfirstclass.but一词表转折，因此but前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是＂她今天第一节上了一半才来＂，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向＂准时＂的结论。4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如：Perha

ps,wecanseesomepossibilitiesfornextfiftyyears.Butthenexthundred?possibility是possible的同根名词，据此可以判断定possibility意思是＂可能性＂。5.因果法。如：Thelacko

fmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.从后面的结果＂永远不能再运动＂中，可以推测p

ermanent的意思为＂永远的，永久＂。【解题技巧】高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解

记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。一、记叙文写作特点记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么

是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。二、记叙文命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的

有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对

故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地

跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。三、记叙文答题技巧一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。No.1顺藤摸瓜记叙文中有大量的事件发

展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。No.2左顾右盼在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时

我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。No.3刨根问底如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种

方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoe

stheauthorimplyin…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。No.4拨云见日每年的高考阅读

题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对

文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨

开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。题组一（2020年高考真题）Passage1(2020年浙江卷（1月），B)Ineverknewanyonewho‘dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafr

aidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.SheranJackson‘sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeve

rywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswilling；Iwoulddoanyth

ingtoread.MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksformyself,Shetookmeintointroduceme.―Eudoraisnineyea

rsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,‖Mothersaid.Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrules

aboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesamedayyou`dtakenitout；itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou‘dreadeverywordinitandneededan

othertostart.Youcouldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhomeinthebasketofmybicyc

le.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.Mymothersharedthisfee

lingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.Irememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakin

gthepartoftheWolfinagameof"LittleRedRidingHood"withmybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherightti

me,longenoughtoanswer–incharacter–"Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.21．Whichofthefollowingbestdescrib

edMrs.Calloway?A．diet.B．Strict.C．Humorous.D．Considerate.22．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling"refertointhelastparagraph?A．Desiretoread.B．Lovefor

Mrs.Calloway.C．Interestingames.D．Fearofthelibraryrules.23．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．guidebook.B．anautobiography.C．anews

report.D．bookreview.Passage2(2019·全国山东新高考，C)Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physically

brokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappeara

nceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmon

gtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbyt

heslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year

-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.Thisisaquickloo

katlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchit

ecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)fo

llowedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganize

shistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.Hisjudgmentandreference

saredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportag

e.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.8．WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A．Hisfriends'

invitation.B．Hisinterestinthecountry.C．Hisloveforteaching.D．Hisdesiretoregainhealth.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword―that‖inparagraph2referto?A．Develo

pingaseriousmentaldisease.B．TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C．WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D．WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.10．Whichofthefo

llowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?A．Romantic.B．Eventful.C．Pleasant.D．Dangerous.11．

Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceabook.B．Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C．Torememberawriter.D．Torecommendatraveldestin

ation.Passage3(2019·天津卷7月，B)―Theytellmethatyou‘dliketomakeastatue(塑像)ofme-isthatcorrect,MissVinnieReam?‖Thedeep,gentlevoicehe

lpedcalmthenervousgirl.AskingafavorofthePresidentoftheUnitedStateswasnocasualmatter,especiallyforaseventeen-year-oldgirl.―Yes,s

ir,‖shereplied,herdarkeyesmeetinghis.―Iwouldn‘thaveduoaskyou,butmyteacher,Mr.Mills,saysIamready.Iplantomakeitinanadmirablemanner.―Pr

esidentLincolnsmiled.―Painters,sculptors-they‘vealltriedtomakethebestofthisordinaryface,butI‘mafraidthere‘snot

muchhope.Whatdidyouhaveinmind,MissReam?Abust(半身像)?‖BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofap

ologyinhisvoice.―Ofcourse-Ishouldn‘thaveasked.Afull-lengthposewouldbemuchtoobigaprojectforayoungwomanyoursize.―Vinnie‘sfac

eturnedred.Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.―Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir,‖shedefendedherself.―Iwasb

orninthecountryofWisconsin.I‘vedriventeamsofhorsesandcarriedwater.Makingafull-lengthclay(粘土)figurewouldnotexhaustmystrength-andthatiswhatIintendto

do!‖ThePresident‘seyes,brightenedathershowofspirit.―Sorry,madam,IhaveunderestimatedyouasIdidn‘tknowyourbackgroun

d.‖Buthissmilefadedasherubbedhisbeardwithbonyfingers,inthought.―MissReam,‖hesighed,―I‘dliketoletyoudoit,but

asyouknow,weareinthemiddleofawar.HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow?Ihardlyhaveaminutetomy

self.‖Vinnieglancedaroundandnotedthesizeofhisoffice.―Iworkquickly,‖shesaid.Hervoicewassoftbutconfidentasshepointedtothecornernearthewindows.―IfIweret

obringmyclayhereandworkforthreehourseveryafternoon,Icouldcompletemostoftheprojectwhileyouareatyourdesk.‖ThePresidentseemedtoc

onsiderherideaseriously.HegotupandshookVinnie‘shandwarmly,―I‘veheardthatyouareatalentedyoungwoman,andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.Ic

annotmakemydecisionimmediately,butyouwillhearfrommesoon.‖Theverynextday,VinniereceivedaninvitationfromthePresident.41.WhatgaveVinniec

onfidencetomakeherrequestofPresidentLincoln?A.Heraggressivepersonality.B.Mr.Mills‘sencouragingremark.C.PresidentLinco

ln‘sgentlevoice.D.Herinterestinachallengingjob.42.HowdidPresidentLincolnfirstrespondtoVinnie‘srequest?

A.Pleased.B.Thrilled.C.Regretful.D.Doubtful.43.Vinnieconfirmedherabilitytomakeafull-lengthstatuebyhighlighting______.A.herexperiencefromotherprojec

tsB.herinnocentchildhoodinthecountryC.theheavylaborshehaddonebeforeD.theskillshepickedupinWisconsin44.Vinniewantedtochoos

ethecornernearthewindowsto______.A.achieveeffectsofnaturallightingB.keepallhertoolswithineasyreachC.observethePresidentatarightangleD.avoid

disturbingthepresident‘swork45.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Astrong-willedsoulcanreachhisgoal.B.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.C.Upsanddownsma

keonestrong.D.Devotionrequiresenthusiasm.Passage4(2019·天津卷3月，B)OneofthemoststressfuldaysofSusanMcFrederick‘slifewaswatchinghersongetwheeledawa

yforsurgeryhoursafterhewasbornin2011.Butaftertheoperation,Susanburstintotearsforadifferentreason:acrossthecutontheirnewbornsonsbackwasasweetwintersce

ne,hand-drawnonhisbandages（绷带）.“Therewererollinghillsofsnow,apinetreeandasnowmanwithahatandbroom,sherecalled.Itwasextremelytouchingandc

omfortingtoknowthatsomebodyhadtakenthetimetodothatformyfamily.ItwasamomentI'llneverforget.‖Susansoonlearnedtheartistwashersonssurgeon,RobertParry,

whodiscoveredanotherwaytousehishandsinthemid-1980sduringhisinternship（实习期）atchildren'smedicalcenter.wherehesawoneofhiscolleaguescu

toutheartandsharkshapestodecoratechildren‘sbandages.“Myfirstreactionwas,'Whatishedoing?Hey,that‘skindofneat,‘‖Parryrecalled.―Iespeci

allylikedthereactionsoftheparentsandthepatientswhentheysawhisartwork.Thesmilestookeveryone'sattentionfromthesu

rgery.ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.‖Parryquicklygraduatedfromhisearlyheartsandsharks,andstartedtosurprisefamilieswithdrawingsthatcapturedyoungpat

ients'personalities.FromSnoopytoSpider-Manandbearstobutterflies,thereisn‘tmuchhehasn‘tdrawn.Mostkidswantsuperheroes

sportsteamlogosorprincesses,whilebabiesoftenreceivesceneswithflowerstreesandseacreaturesDuringthelast30years,Parryesti

mateshehasleftexamplesofhishandiworkoverthestitches（伤口缝线）ofmorethan10,000children.“Duringatimeofstressforfamilies,it'snice

tobeabletohelpthemsmileandlaugh,"Parrysaid.ThisissomethingpositivethatIcandoforthem,whichiswhatIlikemostaboutit.‖ForParry,

therewardisknowinghehopefullymadeadifferenceinachild‘slife,andexceptforhisdrawingsonbandages,theycangoonandlivetheirlivesandneverknowIwasinit.‖hes

aid.He'snotreadytoretire,buthe'sfoundanewhobbytokeephishandsskillfulintheyearstocome.“I'vetakenupknitting（编织）,”Parrysaid.“Hats,sweaters,glo

ves---Ienjoyitall.Butmostly,Ienjoygivingeverythingaway.”40．Susanburstintotearsafterherbaby'soperationbecau

seshewas__________.A．movedB．amusedC．stressedD．heartbroken41．HowdidParrygettheideaofdecoratingchildren

'sbandages?A．Hewasmotivatedbyhispatients.B．Hewasinspiredbyhiscolleague.C．Hewasrequiredtolearntheskillduringhisinternship.D．Hewa

sencouragedbySusantoshowhisgeniusforart.42．Parry'sartworksduringthelast30yearsshowthathe__________.A．devotedhimselfmoretoartthantomedicine.B．knewmore

abouthispatientsthantheirparents.C．tookintoconsiderationthetastesofindividualpatients.D．createdalargenumberof

worksbeyondhisexpectations.43．WhatdoesParryexpecttoachievewithhisartworks?A．Togetarewardfromtheartisticcirc

le.B．Towintheadmirationofhiscolleagues.C．Tomakeadifferenceinhisdullmedicalcareer.D．Toliftthespiritsofhispatientsandtheirparents.44．Whatcanw

elearnaboutParryfromthelasttwoparagraphsofthepassage?A．Heiseagertoshowothershisnewskills.B．Heenjoystryingnewwaystohel

pothers.C．Heislookingforwardtolifeafterretirement.D．Heismoreinterestedinknittingthandrawing.题组二（2019年高考真题）Passage1(2019·全国新课标卷

I，B)ForCanaanElementary‘ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowit‘sChrisPalaez‘sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokerofthe

class.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe‘s,nervous.“I‘mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Chris

tripsonthe“-ld,”a.pronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport

.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehi

m.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginnin

goftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneed

isagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.―Ittakesalotforanystudent，‖Whaleyexplains，―especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEn

glishastheirnewlanguage，tofeelconfidentenoughtosay，‗Idon‘tknow，butIwanttoknow.‘‖Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresiden

tialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.T

heanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthese

kidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.―Boastingaboutyourself，andyourbestqualities,‖Whaleysays，―isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclass

roomnotfeelingconfident.‖24.WhatmadeChrisnervous？A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunder

linedword―stumbles‖inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.26.Wecaninferthatth

epurposeofWhaley‘sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents‘publicspeakings

killsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents‘loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Am

bitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.Passage2(2019·全国新课标卷II，B)―Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择),andifnobodyelsevolunteers，thenIwilldoit.‖Th

iswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykidslacrosse(长曲棍球)club.Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomed

emandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtu

gattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren‘tevenon…Atth

ispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I‘lldoit.”I‘msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere‘srealpowerin

sharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewher

ealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarere

lievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkid

scoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwith

adeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社区)asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesareal

joy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,I‘mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI‘dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersb

enefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?24.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraphl？A.Shek

nowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule

.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeeling.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.P

rovideadvice.26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.She‘llworkforanotherseas

on.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.27.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesh

erveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.Passage3(2019·北京卷II，B)AliceMooreisatee

nagerentrepreneur(创业者),whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinvention

ofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasoffered

acandybar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundt

hewarning,"Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit?"Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstarth

erowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.With

herdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtoo

th-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichca

nreduceoralbacteria.Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessoftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwi

thasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct-Cancandy.AsCanCandy'ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore'scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreisenth

usiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroad

smile.Meanwhile,withherparents'help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlif

e,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilicCandy'sprofitstoBigSmiles.With

hertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.34.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?A.Shearguedwithhim.B.Shetriedto

findawayout.C.Shepaidnoattention.D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.35.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?A.Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.B.Iti

sfreeofsweeteners.C.Itissweeterthanothercandies.D.Itisproducedtoadentists'recipe.36.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?A.Toearnmore

money.B.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.C.Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.37.WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMoore'sstory?A.Fameisag

reatthirstoftheyoung.B.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D.Successmean

sgettingpersonaldesiressatisfiedPassage4(2019·浙江卷，A)ZachariahFikehasanunusualhobby.Hefindsoldmilitary(军队的)medals

forsaleinantiquestoresandontheInternet.Butunlikemostcollectors,Zactracksdownthemedals‘rightfulowners,andreturnsthem.Hiseffor

ttoreunitefamilieswithlostmedalsbeganwithaChristmasgiftfromhismother,aPurpleHeartwiththenameCorradoA.G.Piccoli,foundin

anantiqueshop.ZacknowsthemeaningofaPurpleHeart-heearnedonehimselfinawarasasoldier.Sowhenhismothergavehimthemedal,heknewr

ightawaywhathehadtodo.ThroughtheInternet,ZactrackeddownCorrado‘ssisterAdelineRockko.Butwhenhefinallyreache

dher,thewomanfloodedhimwithquestions:"Whoareyou？Whatantiqueshop？"However,whenshehungup,sheregrettedthewayshehadhandledthec

all.SoshecalledZacbackandapologized.SoonshedrovetomeetZacinWatertown,N.Y."Atthatpoint,Iknewshemeantbusiness,"Zacsay

s."Todriveeighthourstocometoseeme."ThePiccolisgrewupthechildrenofItalianimmigrantsinWatertown.Corrado,atranslatorfortheArmyduringWW

II,waskilledinactioninEurope.BeforehearingfromZac,Adelinehadn‘trealizedthemedalwasmissing.Likemanymilitarymedal

s,theoneZac‘smotherhadfoundwasafamilytreasure."Thismedalwasveryprecioustomyparents.Onlyonspecialoccas

ions(场合)wouldtheytakeitoutandletusholditinourhands,"Adelinesays.Asachild,Adelinecouldn'tunderstandwhythemedalwassosignifi

cant.―ButasIgrewolder,‖Adelinesays,"andmissedmybrothermoreandmore,Irealizedthatwastheonlythingwehadleft."CorradoPiccoli‘sPurpleHeartmed

alnowhangsattheItalianAmericanCivicAssociationinWatertown.ZacrecentlyreturnedanotherlostmedaltoafamilyinAlabama.SincehefirstreunitedC

orrado‘smedal,Zacsayshisrecordisnow5for5.21.WheredidZacgetaPurpleHeartmedalforhimself？A.Inthearmy.B.Inanantiqueshop.C.Fromhismother.

D.FromAdelineRockko.22.WhatdidZacrealizewhenAdelinedrovetomeethim？A.Shewasveryimpolite.B.Shewasseriousaboutthemedal.C.Shesuspectedh

ishonesty.D.Shecamefromawealthyfamily.23.WhatmadeAdelinetreasurethePurpleHeart?A.Herparents‘advice.B.Herknowledgeofantiques.C.Herchild

hooddream.D.Hermemoryofherbrother.题组三（2018年高考真题）Passage1(2018·全国新课标卷III，C)Whilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkb

uildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecente

rstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNo

belPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitect

ureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校园)oftheuniversityinHa

ngzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.Thestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfrom

thatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Th

ecurves(曲线)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedt

heworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.Thiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmode

rnandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).Wang‘sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance

,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelieve

straditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums."Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,"hesaid."ManyChinesepe

oplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandt

hatarestillbeingcreated,"hesaid."Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditi

ons.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,"saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombine

dwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.28.Wang‘swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare_

__________.A.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitects29.Whatimp

ressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A.Itshillyenvironment.B.Itslargesize.C.Itsuniquestyle.D.Itsdiversefunctions.

30.WhatmadeWang‘sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.C.Theuseofpopul

artechniques.D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.31.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethemat

museums.C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.Passage2(2018·北京卷，A)MyFirstMarathon（马拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankles

wasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy

7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn‘tdoeitherwell.Helaterinfo

rmedmethatIwas＂notathletic＂.TheideathatIwas＂notathletic＂stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunning

wasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenight

beforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn‘tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercross

ingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋带)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3,Ipasseda

sign:＂GOFORIT,RUNNERS!＂Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalk

ingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybigge

stfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgot

amedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandwo

rldlylabels(世俗标签),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂.36.Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor____________.A.waswelltr

ainedB.feltscaredC.madeuphismindtorunD.losthope37.WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B.Toa

musethereaderswithafunnystory.C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D.Toshareapreciousmemory.38.Howwastheauthor‘sfirstmarat

hon?A.Hemadeit.B.Hequithalfway.C.Hegotthefirstprize.D.Hewalkedtotheend.39.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A

.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D.Oneisnevertooold

tolearn.Passage3(2018·天津卷，B)WhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadreques

tedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,"Doyouhavetheaddress?""

No,butI‘llrecognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.""Oh,stop.Thereitis!‖Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeopl

esittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus."MayIhelpyou?"amanasked."No,"Isaid."We‘refine.‖Tourguidesgotonmyne

rves.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren‘tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs.Thepeopleintheha

llseemedverynosy(爱窥探的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanst

andingbehindme."Wheredoyouthinkyouare?"heasked.Iturnedsharply."TheMcNayArtMuseum!"Hesmiled,shakinghishead."Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.""Wh

at‘sthisplace?‖Iasked,stillconfused."Well,it‘sourhome."Myheartjolted(震颤).Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,"Sally!Comedo

wnimmediately!""There‘ssomereallygoodstuff(艺术作品)upthere."Shesteppeddown,lookingconfused.Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying

,"Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,youhaveareallyniceplace."Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth

,laughing.Shecouldn‘tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.TherealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere

.VanGogh,Picasso.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace."Excuseme,didyou

everenteraresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?""Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.""Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateena

gersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Yout

houghtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I‘vealwayswantedtothankyou."41.Whatdoweknowabo

utMarianMcNay?A.Shewasapainter.B.Shewasacommunityleader.C.Shewasamuseumdirector.D.Shewasajournalist.42.Whydidtheauthorrefu

sethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?A.Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.B.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.C.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.D.Shem

istookhimforatourguide.43.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall?A.Puzzled.B.Concerned.C.Frightened.D.Delighted.44.W

hydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?A.Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.B.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmus

eum.C.TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.D.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.45.Whatcouldwele

arnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfam

ily.C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.Passage4(2018·浙江卷，A)In1812,theyearCharles

Dickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRob

insonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（

识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novel

s,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoralorjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofess

ionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwho

secharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens‘greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepanthe

on（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthe

feelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepu

blishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It‘sp

artlytruethatDickens‘styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It‘spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientifi

cprogress.Butit‘salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmix

oftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andi

mportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsi

nthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.2

2.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress________.A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpubl

icationD.hisimportanceinliterature23.Whatistheauthor‘spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.Toin

troduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.题组四（名校模拟题）Passage1（2020·临沂行知

实验学校高三一模）TheotherdayIwasshoppingatalocalstoreandcameuponaladyfromIndiasquattingonthefloorlookingforacertainproductonthebottomshelf

.Shesprangupwhenshesawmeasiftogetoutofmyway.Apologeticallysheexplainedthatshewasacashieratanearbystoreandwasonherlunchbreak,tryingtogetaf

ewneededitemsbeforehertimewasup.Ireassuredher,"Iaminnohurry.Goaheadanddowhatyouneedtodo."Whileshesearchedforaparticularbrand,shesaidt

hatsometimescustomerswererudetoheratthestoreandshereallyappreciatedmykindness.ItoldherthatIhadnoticedcashiersbeingtreatedrudelybysomepeople.

IalsoexplainedtoherthatIwasaretirednurseandunderstoodsomeofwhatshewassayingfirsthand.Sometimespatients,families,ordocto

rscouldbeveryrudeormean.ButItriedtounderstandwhytheywerefeelingthatwayandletitgo."Theworldwouldbeabetterplaceifweallactedkindlytowardeachother.Th

osewhoarerudemayhavebadkarmacomingafterthemeventually."Iadded.Shenoddedandwassurprised,―Soyouknowaboutkarma?‖Myreplywassimple.―Alittlebit.

Karmaisthesamethingasdoingsomethingbadanditcomesbacktobiteyouonthebutt.‖Shepaused,lookedpuzzled,thenbrokeoutinabigsmileandcoveredher

mouthwithherhand,laughingasshewalkedaway.ItfeltsogoodthatinabriefexchangeIshowedhertherewerekindpeop

leintheworld,whichmighthavehelpedherregainherfaithinhumanity.1．Howdidtheladyreactwhenshesawtheauthorinthestore?A．Sheapologizedforherrudemanners.

B．Sheinvitedhertohavelunchtogether.C．Shestooduptryingtomakewayforher.D．Shekeptsearchingfortheneededproduct.2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheaut

hor?A．Kindandunderstanding.B．Courageousandwarm﹣hearted.C．Responsibleandhumorous.D．Sympatheticandopen﹣minded.3．Whatisthemainmessaget

heauthorwantstoconvey?A．Workingasacashierisnoeasyjob.B．Thosewhoarerudedeservebadkarma.C．Doingactsofkindnesswillmakepeoplefeelgood.D．Weshouldtr

eatothersthewaywewanttobetreated.Passage2（2020·河南罗山高三一模）ItwaslateAugustwhenIgotacallfromagrandmother.ShelivesinSeeleyLake

,Montana,andshehasheardwehaveairpurifiers(净化器)withhigh-efficiencyparticulateair(HEPA)air-cleanersthatcanhelpwithsmoke.Sheneedsoneforthe

baby‘sroom.Iexplainedwedidn‘thaveanyandtoldherhowtopurchaseone.Shecoughedandwentsilentwithdisappointmentbeforeaskinghowmuchtheycost.Almosteve

rypersonItalktoinSeeleyLakehasthiscough.―Thefamilydoesn‘thavemuchmoney,‖shesaid,butshepromisedtoorderafilterforthechild.S

mallfilters—onesthatcancleanabedroomofupto75squarefeet—costabout$70each.Thenextday,thewildfirethathadb

eenburningforweeksintheLoloNationalForest,northeastoftown,movedclosertothewoman’sneighborhood,andtheco

untysheriff’sofficeevacuated(疏散)thearea.Iwonderedwhethertheair-cleanerwouldbetherewhenthefamilyreturnedhome.Iknewthes

mokewouldbe.Asanair-qualityspecialistwiththeMissoulaCity-CountyHealthDepartmentinMontana,myjobistounderstandairpollution,contr

olitasmuchaspossible,andhelppeopleprotectthemselvesfromitseffects.Ifocusonsmokemanagement:issuingpermitsforoutdoorburnsandupdatingresidentsabou

twhattoexpectfromthesmokewhenwildfiressenditourway.Neverhadweseensomanywildfiressoclosetohomeforsomanyweeks.

TherearesixclassesontheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’sAirQualityIndex(指数):good,moderate,unhealthyforsensiti

vegroups,unhealthy,veryunhealthy,anddangerous.SeeleyLake‘sairreacheddangerousclassin18dayslastsummer.Lastyearwastroubledbywildfiresaround

thecountry.ThefiresthatstruckNorthernCaliforniaalonekilled44peopleandcausedmorethan$9billionindamage.Butthisisn‘tjustarecentpr

oblem,norisitlimitedtotheWest.Wildfireshit49statesin2017,includingaswathfromFloridatoVirginia.Morethan9millionacresburnednationwide,compa

redwiththeyearlyaverageof6.5millionacres.1．Whydidthegrandmothermakeacalltotheauthor?A．Topreventthewildfire.B．Tohelphermakeamove.C．Toask

foranairpurifier.D．Togetinformationaboutairpollution.2．Howdidthewomanfeelabouttheauthor’sreply?A．Angry.B．Hopeful.C．Excited

.D．Disappointed.3．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph5?A．Toaddsomebackgroundinformation.B．Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs

.C．Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.D．Tomakethereadersrealizethesituation.4．Comparedwiththeyearlyaverage,theburnedacresna

tionwidein2017roseby________.A．about49%B．about38%C．about72%D．about52%Passage3（2020·黑龙江鹤岗一中高三开学考试）Sometimes

weexperiencepainthatseemsjusttoobigtofeel,toofrighteningtoface-itlookslikeatsunami.So,werun.Mytsunamicame

whenIwasnineyearsold.Iwaswokenupbymymother‘sscreams-―Bob?Bob?!BOB!‖Irantomyparents‘bedroom.Myfatherwasonallfours

,unconscious.Mymotherwascrazy-desperatelytryingtofigureouthowtostopwhatwashappening.Irantothephone-9-1-1,theneighbors,any

one-―helpus!‖Soonrescuecame,butmyfatherdidn‘tcomebacktolife.Whenmyfriendscametocomfortme,Iremember―pullingmyselftogether‖asIwalkedtow

ardthem,determiningtoshowthemthatIwasfine.ThemoreIdeniedmypain,themoreIwaspraisedbytheadultsaroundme-‖Oh,lookhowstr

ongsheis!‖So,Ikeptsaying―I‘mfine.‖Overandoverandover.Isaiditenough-performeditenough-thatIevenfooledmyself.IbelievedthatIwasokay.Butpaindoesn‘tjust―g

oaway‖-thatwhole―timeheals‖thingisatotalcrock30yearsaftermyfatherdied,whenIlookedaroundforanexplanationfora

lltheyearsofdestructivebehavior,Icouldn‘tfindtherootofthepaininmylifebecauseIhadcovereditupsowell.Allthe―I‘mfine‖-30yearsofthe

m-buriedthepainofthatnineyearsoldgirl.Herpainhadbeentryingtocomeout,tobeheard,tobehealed.And,finally,itwas.Afterye

arsoftreatment,Ifoundmywaybacktothatnightwherethepainstarted,backtothetsunami.Thistime,Ididn‘trun.Ithurt-itstillhurts-butnow,wh

enithurts,Iletthepaincome.Imnotscaredtosay,―I‘mnotfine‖-becauseIknow,eventually,Iwillbe.1．Whatdidtheauthordowhenherfatherwasindan

ger?A．Sheranouttolookforrescue.B．Shekeptcalmandaskedforhelp.C．Sheofferedfirstaidtohimatonce.D．Shewastooafraidtodoanything.2．Whichof

thefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword―crock‖inParagraph5?A．factB．theoryC．experimentD．lie3．Whywast

heauthorpraised?A．Shebehavedpolitely.B．Sheseemedtobeconfident.C．Shecouldlookafterherself.D．Shecouldhandletheblowproperly.4．

Whatlessoncanwegetfromtheauthor‘sexperience?A．Hidingourpaincanbeharmful.B．Expressingpainisnotveryeasy.C．Beingstrongmeanshidingone‘spain.D．Childre

naregoodatcoveringuptheirpain.Passage4（2020·广东化州�高三三模）Sometimeswhilesittingdoingnothing,ourmindsrecalleve

ntsfromthepastthatmakeusalltinglyinside.Ihadoneofthosemomentsyesterday.Ibelievethiswastriggered（引起）bytheoldieTheImpossibleDreamthatwasplaying

ontheradioyesterdayafternoon!In1971,returningfromourregularFridaynightpregamemeeting,Ihadnosoonerwalkedinthedoorofourthree-roomapartmenthack

thanthephonerang.Itwasthetownshippolice.TheyinquiredifIwasthefootballcoach.Iansweredyesandaskediftherewasaproblem.Hesaidourfootballteamhadclim

bedthefenceofthetownshipfootballfieldandweresittingsomewherearoundthe50-yardlinequietly.Itwasreallynotaproblem.However,hethoughtIwo

uldliketoknow.Icalledmyassistants,andmadeourwaytothefield.Wemetthepoliceatthelockedgate.Thefieldwasdarkandsilent.Then,suddenly,weheard

voicessinging—togetherandonkey—theteamthemesong,TheImpossibleDream.Silently,welistenedandbecameoverwhelmed（压倒）withemotion.Eventhepolic

emenhadtearsrollingdowntheircheeks.Whentheteamhadfinished,theywalkedslowlytothenow-openedgateofthefieldan

dwereshockedtoseeuswaitingthere.Ofcourse,ourfirstwordswere,"Whatisgoingon?"MikeBernert,theteamcaptain,replied,"Well,coach,youtoldu

stovisualizeourperformanceinourmindjustbeforethenightofthegame.Sowecameandvisualizedtheupcominggamewhilesittingonthe50-yardline.Afterward,wewoulds

ingTheImpossibleDream.”ThecoachesandIwereoverwhelmed.Andofcourse,theteam,whichwasundefeatedatthispoint,n

everlostagamethatseason.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword―tingly‖inParagraph1mean?A．Frightened.B．Excited.C．Worried.D．Puzzled.2．Whydidthepolicec

all?A．Theteamdidsomethingunusual.B．Theteamhadconflictswithfans.C．Theteamlockedthemselvesinthefootballfield.D．Theteamdamagedthefencesoftheplay

ground.3．Howdidtheteamfeelwhentheysawtheauthorandthepoliceman?A．Happy.B．Sad.C．Ashamed.D．Surprised.4．Whatisthepurposefortheteamtosingth

esong?A．Toenjoythemselves.B．Toinspirethemselves.C．Tocelebratetheirsuccess.D．Torestthemselves.题组一Passage1(

2020年浙江卷（1月），B)【答案】21．B22．A23．B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。21．

推理判断题。根据第一段中Ineverknewanyonewho‘dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.（我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理

员卡洛维夫人）以及SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhomet

ochangeyourclothes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着―肃静‖。如果她认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs.Calloway很严格。故选B。22．词义猜测题。根据下文No

w,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.（现在，我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作者是一样的。故划线短语意思为―渴望读书‖。故选A。23．推理判断题。结

合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。Passage2(2019·全国山东新高考，C)【答

案】8．B9．D10．B11．A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察

。8．细节理解题。根据第一段的‖Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry.hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAraSea‖可知，

几年后，Bissell仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个国家的兴趣让Bissell先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。9．词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代

写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章这件事，根据第一段最后一句‖Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAra

lSea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)‖可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第三段‖ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,m

adeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileon

hiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrange

drinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.‖可知，在

乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，MrBissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到了社会的黑暗面。在撒马尔罕，MrBissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦，

他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中，他经历了很多事情。结合选项，B选项(充满事件的，多事的)可以表达此意。故选B。11．推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之

行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述了他的书《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。Passage3(2019·天津卷7月，B)【答案】41.B

42.D43.C44.D45.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了VinnieReam向林肯总统提出给他做一个全身雕像的请求，一开始林肯总统对此表示怀疑，在Vinnie的不断努力争取后，最终第二天Vinnie收到了林肯总统的邀请。41.细节理解题。根据第三段中的

―Iwouldn'thavedaredtoaskyou,butmyteacher,Mr.Mills,saysIamready.Iplantomakeitinanadmirablemanner.―可知，我本来不敢问你，但我的老师

Mills先生说我准备好了。我打算用一种令人钦佩的方式来做这件事。由此可知，Mills先生的话给了Vinnie向林肯总统提出要求的底气。故选B。42.推理判断题。根据第五段中的―Ofcourse-Ishouldn'thav

easked.Afull-lengthposewouldbemuchtoobigaprojectforayoungwomanyoursize.‖可知，当然-我不应该问的。对于你这种身材的年轻女性来说，全身雕像太大了。由此可推知，

林肯总统首先对Vinnie的请求表示怀疑。故选D。43.细节理解题。根据第六段中的―I'vedriventeamsofhorsesandcarriedwater.Makingafull-lengthclayfigurewouldnotexhaustmystrength-and

thisiswhatIintendtodo!‖可知，我赶过马队，提过水。做一个全身雕像不会耗尽我的力量-我还正想这样呢！此可知，Vinnie通过强调她以前所做的繁重劳动，证实了她有能力制作一个全身雕像。故选C。44.推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的―MissReam,‖

hesighed,―I'dliketoletyoudoit,butasyouknow,weareinthemiddleofawar.HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow?Ih

ardlyhaveaminutetomyself.―可知，总统提到自己没有时间摆姿势来让Vinnie做雕像。根据倒数第三段中的―Vinnieglancedaroundandnotedthesizeofhisof

fice.―Iworkquickly,‖shesaid.Hervoicewassoftbutconfidentasshepointedtothecornernearthewindows.―IfIweretobringmyclayhereandw

orkforthreehourseveryafternoon,Icouldcompletemostoftheprojectwhileyouareatyourdesk.‖可知，Vinnie环顾四周，注意到了他办公室的大小。―我干得很快，‖她说。她指着靠近窗户的那个角落，声音柔

和而自信。―如果我把我的粘土带到这里来，每天下午工作三个小时，我就可以在你办公的时候完成大部分的项目。‖由此可推知，上文中总统提到自己没有时间摆姿势来让Vinnie做雕像，于是Vinnie想选择靠近窗户的角

落，是为了避免干扰总统的工作。故选D。45.推理判断题。根据文章主要记叙了VinnieReam向林肯总统提出给他做一个全身雕像的请求，一开始林肯总统对此表示怀疑，在Vinnie的不断努力争取后，最终第二天Vi

nnie收到了林肯总统的邀请。由此可推知，这个故事表达了意志坚强的人能达到目标的思想。故选A。Passage4(2019·天津卷3月，B)【答案】40．A41．B42．C43．D44．B【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了Rober

tParry通过手绘装饰儿童绷带的方法，在家庭面临压力的时候，帮助病人和他们的父母微笑和大笑来鼓舞他们的故事。40．推理判断题。根据第二段Butaftertheoperation,Susanburstintotearsforadifferentreasonacrossthe

cutontheirnewbornson'sbackwasasweetwinterscenehand-drawnonhisbandages(但手术后，苏珊因另一个原因哭了起来，在他们刚出生的儿子的背上，伤口上是一个甜蜜的冬天场景，手绘在他的绷带上)和第三段Itwasextremelytouc

hingandcomfortingtoknowthatsomebodyhadtakenthetimetodothatformyfamily.(知道有人花了时间为我的家人做这件事，我感到非常感动和安慰。)可知手术后,Susan却因为另一个原因哭了起来,因为她刚出生的儿子背上的伤口上，是

一幅在绷带上手绘的温馨的冬季景象。由此判断出，她被医生的爱心感动,故选A。41．细节理解题。根据第四段RobertParry,whodiscoveredanotherwaytousehishandsinthemid1980sduringhisinternship(实习期)atachild

renmedicalcenter,wherehesawoneofhiscolleaguescutoutheartandsharkshapestodecoratechildren'sbandages.和第五段Iespeciallylikedthereac

tionsoftheparentsandthepatientswhentheysawhisartwork.Thesmilestookeveryone'sattentionfromthesurgery.ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.可知，Ro

bertParry80年代中期在儿童医学中心实习期间，看到了一位同事剪心和鲨鱼形状装饰孩子的绷带。他尤其喜欢病人和父母看到他的作品时的反应，因为笑容能把大家的注意力从手术上转移开。然后RobertParry决定这样做。由此可知RobertParry有装饰儿童绷带的想法是受同事的启发。故选B。42

．推理判断题。根据第六段Parryquicklygraduatedfromhisearlyheartsandsharks,andstartedtosurprisefamilieswithdrawingst

hatcapturedyoungpatients'personalities.和Mostkidswantsuperheroessportsteamlogosorprincesses,whilebabiesoftenreceivescenesw

ithflowerstreesandseacreatures.可知Parry用绘画捕捉年轻病人的个性，给家人带来惊喜。大多数孩子想要超级英雄运动队的标志或公主，,而婴儿经常收到鲜花、树木和海洋生物的场景。由此推知Parry在过去30年的艺

术作品考虑到了个别病人的口味。故选C。43．推理判断题。根据第五段Iespeciallylikedthereactionsoftheparentsandthepatientswhentheysawhisartwork.The

smilestookeveryone'sattentionfromthesurgery.ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.和第七段"Duringatimeofstressforfamilies,it'sn

icetobeabletohelpthemsmileandlaugh,"Parrysaid."ThisissomethingpositivethatIcandoforthem,whichiswhatIlikemost

aboutit.可知RobertParry决定这样做，他喜欢病人和父母看到他的作品时的反应，因为笑容能把大家的注意力从手术上转移开。在家庭面临压力的时候，能够帮助他们微笑和大笑是很好的。由此判断出，Parry希望做积极的事情来鼓舞病人和他们的父母。故选D。44．推理判断题

。根据最后两段中he'sfoundanewhobbytokeephishandsskillful和Ienjoygivingeverythingaway.可知Parry发现了新的爱好来保持他的手熟练，并把

编织的所有东西送人。由此判断出,他喜欢尝试新方法来帮助别人。故选B。题组二Passage1【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述ThomasWhaley为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。24.B【解析】

细节理解题。根据第一段todayisspeechday和本段最后一句withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidswhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.以及第二段第一句Buthe

’snervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。25.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould„should„”Christripsont

he“-ld”,apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.以及后文exceptforsomestumbles,isdoingamazinglywell可知,Chris发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语

的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选A。26.A【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlea

rningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.以及最后一段“boastingaboutyourself,andbestqualities,”Whaleysays

,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自

己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知，Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势增加信心，故选A。27.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaleygottheideaofthis

second-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.和最后一段Hewan

tsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humorous幽默的，ambitious有雄

心壮志的；caring关心的；demanding要求高的。故选C。Passage2【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名志愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。24.C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的You

canusemeasalastresort（选择）,andifnobodyelsevolunteers，thenIwilldoit.可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他的志愿者，那么我就做。由此可推断出，她不想做自愿者。故选C。25.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线前句shemayjus

tneedalittlepersuading.和下面的一句话ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren't

evenon...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。26.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberofthetea

m可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。27.B【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四最两句Connectingtothecommunity（社区）asyoufreelygiveyourtime,

money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐，参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。Passage3【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了AliceMoor

e，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。34.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewa

rning,"Whycan’tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit?"及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路。故选B。35

.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.可知，因此，这种糖只

使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。36.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.可知，Moor想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑

容。故选B。37.C【解析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观的看待问题，积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。Passage4【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。ZachariahFike

有一个不同寻常的业余爱好：他在网上和古董店里寻找旧的军队勋章，然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源。21.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ZacknowsthemeaningofaPur

pleHeart—heearnedonehimselfinawarasasoldier”可知，当Zac还是一名士兵的时候，在一次战争中他获得了一枚PurpleHeart。故A选项正确。22.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Todriveeightho

urstocometoseeme”可以推知，Adeline为了那枚PurpleHeart开车八个小时来见Zac，由此可知，她对于这件事是认真地。因此，Atthatpoint,Iknewshemeantbu

siness应该指的是Zac意识到Adeline对这枚勋章是认真的。故B选项正确。23.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Corrado,atranslator„waskilledinactioninEurope”和倒数第三段中的“asIgrewolder„and

missedmybrothermoreandmore,Irealizedthatwastheonlythingwehadleft”这枚勋章寄托了Adeline对于去世的哥哥Corrado的回忆和思念，这是他

们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了。因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。故D选项正确。题组三Passage1【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中融合中国传统建筑文化，获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利策奖，这让中国建筑现在得到了国际认可

。28.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，王澍获得2012年普利策奖，而普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖，他是第一个获此奖的中国人，故推知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。故B项正确。29.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段对CAA校园的描述可知，它的设计风格独

特，与大多数中国大学的校园很不同，许多游客感对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到吃惊，故C正确。30.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者TadaoAndo的评语可知，王澍设计

的成功之处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计，并保持两者的和谐，故D正确。31.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeend

evelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated可知，传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就会是人工的和空的，故D正确。Passage2【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。36.C【

解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。37.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Ididn‘tdoeitherwell.Helateri

nformedmethatIwas＂notathletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。38.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第10段Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndI

gotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。39.B【解析】主旨大意

题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗标签),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂

.可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。Passage3【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。

30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。41.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段WhenIwas17,Ireadamagazinearticle

aboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.可知，MarianMcNay是一名水彩画家。故选A。42.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段"

MayIhelpyou?"amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.‖Tourguidesgotonmynerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。43.A【解析】推理判断题。根据文

章第四段Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(爱窥探的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停的好奇

的看着我。他们有什么问题？）可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。故选A。44.D【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的M

cNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。45.C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可

以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。Passage4【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。在他200年诞辰之际，让我们永远记住这位对文学艺术做出重大贡献的小说家。21.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描

写nobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasund

er50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors...Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustp

lainbad.印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。故选C。22.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens‘greatnessisunchallenged.和列举的CharlesDickens小说

的影响可知，把他和MonaLisa相比是为了说明CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要性和MonaLisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。23.A【解析】写作意图题。根据文中对CharlesDickens及其作品在英国小说史上重

要性的描写，和文章最后Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounder

standhowhemadehimselfalastingone.可知本文是写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。题组四Passage1【答案】1．C2．A3．D【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次购物中对收银员的友善行为使收银员感到很温暖，并有感而发∶善良是社会生活的阳光。1．推理判断题。根据第一段TheotherdayIwasshoppingatalocalstoreandcameuponala

dyfromIndiasquatting（蹲下）onthefloorlookingforacertainproductonthebottomshelf.Shesprangupwhenshesawmeasiftogetoutofmyway.(有一天，我在当地一家商店购物，看到一位印度女士蹲在地板上，

寻找底层货架上的某种产品。她看到我就跳了起来，好像要躲开我似的)可知当那位女士在商店里看到作者时，她的反应是她站起来想给她让路。故选C。2．推理判断题。根据第三段―ButItriedtounderstandwhytheyweref

eelingthatwayandletitgo.Theworldwouldbeabetterplaceifweallactedkindlytowardeachother.Thosewhoarerudemayhavebadkarmacoming

afterthemeventually.Iadded.(但我试图理解他们为什么会有这种感觉，然后放手。如果我们都对彼此友善，世界会更美好"粗鲁的人最终可能会有恶报。我补充道)可知作者是善良且善解人意的

。A.Kindandunderstanding善良和理解。B.Courageousandwarm﹣hearted勇敢和热心的。C.Responsibleandhumorous有责任感和幽默感的。D.Sympatheticandopen﹣minded富有同情心、思想开

放的。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据第三段IalsoexplainedtoherthatIwasaretirednurseandunderstoodsomeofwhatshewassayingfirsthand.Sometimespatients,families,ordoctorscould

beveryrudeormean.ButItriedtounderstandwhytheywerefeelingthatwayandletitgo.Theworldwouldbeabetterplaceifweallactedkindlytow

ardeachother.Thosewhoarerudemayhavebadkarmacomingafterthemeventually.Iadded.(我还向她解释说我是一名退休护士，能够直接听懂她

说的一些话。有时候病人，家人，或者医生可能会很粗鲁或者刻薄。但我试着去理解他们为什么会有那种感觉,然后就放手了。如果我们都对彼此友善，世界会变得更美好。那些粗鲁的人最终可能会遭到恶报。我加了一句)可知作

者想传达的主要信息是我们应该以我们想被对待的方式对待别人。故选D。Passage2【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，题材为环保类。作者是空气质量检测专家，通过一位老奶奶给他打电话，想要一台空气

净化器的故事，介绍了美国发生大火，造成空气严重污染的情况。1．细节理解题。根据第一段的倒数中“shehasheardwehaveairpurifiers(净化器)withhigh-efficiencyparticulateair(HEPA)air-cleaners

thatcanhelpwithsmoke.Sheneedsoneforthebaby’sroom”可知，这位老奶奶打电话给作者是为了要一台空气净化器。故选C。2．推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句“Shecougheda

ndwentsilentwithdisappointmentbeforeaskinghowmuchtheycost”可知，当作者说他没有空气净化器时老太太很失望，当告诉她如何购买的时候，老太太沉默了一会儿，然后问

多少钱，后面又提到家里没钱。这说明老太太对作者的答复很失望。故选D。3．推理判断题。本段介绍了环境保护局的六类空气质量指数和级别，给文章增加一些背景信息，为了更好地说明当地情况的严重性。故选A。4．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，2017年全国共烧毁900万公顷，相比于年平均的6

50万公顷多出了250万公顷，250÷650≈38%。故选B。Passage3【答案】1．B2．D3．D4．A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文作者的父亲在她九岁时突然去世，作者面对打击，把自己的痛苦隐藏起来，一直说自己很好，得到了周围大人们的赞扬。但这种伤痛没有消失。作者多年之后才认识

到这种隐藏的痛苦对自己是有伤害的，她认为有痛苦要说出才能不痛苦。1．推理判断题。根据第二段―Irantothephone-9-1-1,theneighbors,anyone-―helpus!‖Soonrescu

ecame,butmyfatherdidn‘tcomebacktolife.‖可知，我跑向电话拨打了911，邻居们，任何人——―帮帮我们!‖很快救援来了，但是我的父亲并没有活过来。由此判断出，作者在她父亲处于危险中时作者她保持冷静，请求帮助。故选B项。2．

词句猜测题。根据第五段Butpaindoesn’tjust“goaway”痛苦并没有消失。根据30yearsaftermyfatherdied,whenIlookedaroundforanexplanationforalltheye

arsofdestructivebehavior,Icouldn’tfindtherootofthepaininmylifebecauseIhadcovereditupsowell.当我四处寻找对多年来破坏性行为的解释时，我找不到我生命中痛苦的根源，因

为我把它掩盖得太好了。由此判断出整个“时间治愈”完全是一个谎言。所以换线词的意思是谎言。故选D项。3．推理判断题。根据第四段ThemoreIdeniedmypain,themoreIwaspraisedbytheadu

ltsaroundme-‖Oh,lookhowstrongsheis!‖So,Ikeptsaying―I‘mfine.‖Overandoverandover.Isaiditenough-performeditenough-thatIevenfooledmyse

lf.IbelievedthatIwasokay.作者父亲去世后，她一直在隐藏自己的痛苦，一直在说“我很好”，并且在人们的面前表现的也很好。这得到了一些成年人赞美。可知是作者对这种痛苦打击的表现让人赞扬。故选D项。4．推

理判断题。根据文章可知，隐藏痛苦让作者用30多年的时间来治愈这种痛苦。无法找到一生痛苦的原因是因为自己有意的隐藏。最后一段作者反思说―Afteryearsoftreatment,Ifoundmywaybacktothat

nightwherethepainstarted,backtothetsunami.Thistime,Ididn‘trun.Ithurt-itstillhurts-butnow,whenithurts,Iletthepaincome.Imnotscaredtosay

,―I‘mnotfine‖-becauseIknow,eventually,Iwillbe.‖回想发生的不幸，不幸伤害了我，一直在伤害我。但是现在，当痛苦伤害我时，我会把伤害表现出来。由此可推断出隐藏痛苦是有害的。故选A项。Passage4【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．B【解析】这是一篇记

叙文。文章讲述了作者因听到熟悉的歌曲，回忆起多年前自己所带领的球队在比赛前夕去球场高唱机歌以鼓舞士气的故事。1．词义猜测题。由第一段―Sometimeswhilesittingdoingnothing,ourmindsrec

alleventsfromthepastthatmakeusalltinglyinside.‖（有时候，坐着无所事事时，我们的大脑会回忆起过去让我们内心充满刺激的事件。），根据下文内容可知作者回忆起了过去的事情，这让他的内心很激动，由

此可推知，此处是指当―我们‖回忆过去时，―我们‖的内心很激动，因此，画线词tingly应意为―激动的‖，与B项意思相近。故选B项。2．推理判断题。由第二段中的―Hesaidourfootballteam

hadclimbedthefenceofthetownshipfootballfieldandweresittingsomewherearoundthe50-yardlinequietly.‖（他说，我们的足球队已经爬上了镇足球

场的围栏，静静地坐在50码外的某个地方。），可知队员们在夜里翻越栏杆进入球场里静坐，（行为）有些反常，由此可推知，警察打电话是因为球员们做了一些不同寻常的事情。故选A项。3．细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句―Whentheteamhadfinished,theywalkedslowl

ytothenow-openedgateofthefieldandwereshockedtoseeuswaitingthere.‖（当队伍结束后，他们慢慢地走到现在已经打开的场地大门，看到我们在那里等着，他们感到很震惊。），可知队员们看到作者和警察在球场外面时感到很惊

讶。故选D项。4．推理判断题。由倒数第二段“MikeBernert,theteamcaptain,replied,"Well,coach,youtoldustovisualizeourperformanceinourmindjustbeforethenightof

thegame.Sowecameandvisualizedtheupcominggamewhilesittingonthe50-yardline.Afterward,wewouldsingTheImpossibleDream.””（队长迈

克·伯内特回答说：“教练，你让我们在比赛前把自己的表现形象化。所以，我们坐在50码线上，想象着即将到来的比赛。然后，我们会唱出《不可能的梦》。”）和最后一段“Andofcourse,theteam,whichwasunde

featedatthispoint,neverlostagamethatseason.”（当然，在这一点上不败的球队，在那个赛季从来没有输过一场比赛。），可知队员们在赛前唱队歌，比赛时一分未丢，大获全胜，由此可推知，队员们在赛前唱队歌是为了激励自己。故选B项。