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“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练(一)(共4组，每组限时20分钟)[第一组]Ⅰ.语法填空HenryBondwasabouttenyearsoldwhenhisfatherdied.Hismotherfounditdifficulttosupportalargefamil

y,butstilleverything__1__(leave)inhercare.Bygoodmanagement,shemanaged__2__(send)Henrytoschoolandsupplyhim,forthemostpart,__3__booksheneede

d.Atonetime,however,Henrywantedagrammarbook,andhismothercouldn'taffordit.Hebecamevery__4__(worry),andwenttobedwithaheavyheart

.Onwakinginthemorning,hefoundthatadeepsnowhadfallen,andthecoldwindwasblowing__5__(fierce).Thenanideastruckhim.Heroseandrantothehou

seof__6__neighbor,offeringhisservicetoclearapatharoundhishouse.Theofferwasaccepted.__7__(complete)this

workandreceivedhispay,hewenttoanotherplaceforthesamepurpose,andthentoanother,__8__heearnedenoughtobuyagrammarbook.Whenschoolbe

gan,Henrywasreadytobeginthelessoninhisnewbook.Fromthattime,Henrywasalwaysthefirstinallhis__9__(class).Heknewnosuchwordas“fail”，andalways__10__(su

cceed)inallhehadtried.Havingthewill,healwaysfoundtheway.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。HenryBond家境贫寒，一次，在母亲没钱为他买语法书的情况下，他通过自己的劳动赚钱买语法书来继续自己的学业。1．w

asleft考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处指一切都留给她打理。此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；又因为everything与leave之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填wasleft。2．tosend考查非谓语动词。managetodosth.是固定用法，意为“努力完成某事，成功

做某事”。故填tosend。3．with考查介词。此处指Henry的母亲给他提供大部分他需要的书。supplysb.withsth.＝supplysth.tosb.“给某人提供某物”，是固定搭配。4．worried考查形容词。他很发愁，心情沉重地去睡觉了。

分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，应用形容词，故填worried“担忧的，发愁的”。5．fiercely考查副词。应用副词修饰谓语动词wasblowing。fiercely“猛烈地”。6．a考查冠词。他起床，然后跑到一户邻居家，提出要帮

他在房子周围清理出一条路。neighbor在文中第一次提到，此处表示泛指，且因neighbour的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。7．Havingcompleted考查非谓语动词。完成这项工作并得到应有的报酬后，Henry为同样的目的去了另一个地方。he与comple

te之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，且complete的动作发生在went之前，故用现在分词的完成式在句中作状语。8．until考查状语从句。此处指直到他赚到足够的钱来买语法书。until“直到……”，在此引导时间状语从句。9．classes考查

名词复数。从那时起，Henry在他所有的课程里都是第一名。根据句中的“all”可知此处应用名词复数形式。10．succeeded考查动词时态。空处与knew在句中并列作谓语，应用一般过去时。故填succeeded。Ⅱ.短文改错WhenastudenttoldKati

ethathewantedbikebutcouldn'taffordit,shedecidedtomakehisdreamcometrue.Andsheeventookthewholeschoolunderconsideration.Attheschoolthatsheworked,a

lotofstudentswerepoor.ButKatiethoughtowntheirownbikeswouldmakewonderfullymemoriesforeverychild.Toearnmoneyforhundredsofnewbike,Katielaunch

edanonlinepage,andfinallyraiseenoughmoneytopayforthem.Katiewassurprisedthekidsbyannouncingagiftoveral

oudspeakeratschool.“Joyisthebasicchildhoodright，”shesaid.“Abikeisoneofthetopthingsthatrepresentsthat.”答案：第一句：wanted后加a;it→one第二句：under→into第三句：th

at→where第四句：第一个own→owning;wonderfully→wonderful第五句：bike→bikes;raise→raised第六句：去掉was第八句：represents→represent[第二组

]Ⅰ.语法填空AccordingtotheUKParliament,BigBen,whichisconsideredas__1__landmarkbuildinginLondon,willkeepsilentforfouryearsasma

jorconservationworksarecarriedoutonthetowerthathousesthebell.VisitorstoLondonmayfeel__2__apitythattheywon'thearthe

chimes(钟声)inthenextfewyears.Thechimesfromthebell,oneofLondon'smostfamous__3__(attract),havekepttimeintheBritishcapitalfor157

years.AtnoononAugust21,2017,BigBensoundedforthelasttimeuntil2021.Therepairs__4__(assess)ataround￡29mi

llion.BigBen__5__(fall)silentisasignificantmilestoneinthis__6__(extreme)importantconservationproject.Thisimportantprogramofworkswillsafeg

uardtheclock__7__along-termbasis,aswellasprotectingandpreservingitshome.BigBenisthenameofthebellinsidethetower(St.Stephen'sTower,renamedEliz

abethTowerin2012),andnotthebuildingortheclocksimply__8__(know)astheGreatClockitself.Thechimeswerelastsilentin

2007duringconservationandbeforethatfrom1983to1985duringaperiodofrefurbishment(翻新).Londoners,however,needn'tworry__9__BigBenwi

llcontinuetostrikeforimportant__10__(nation)eventssuchasNewYear'sEveandRemembranceSunday.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。大

本钟是英国伦敦的地标性建筑，因要对其进行保护性修缮，自2017年8月21日起大本钟将不再敲响。但像除夕之夜和阵亡将士纪念日这种重要的全国性活动，它将仍然会为伦敦市民报时。1．a考查冠词。大本钟被认为是伦敦的一个地标性建筑。此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。2

．it考查代词。去伦敦旅游的游客可能会感到遗憾，他们在之后的几年里听不到钟声了。分析句子结构可知，空处在此作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面that引导的从句。故填it。3．attractions考查名词复数。大本钟的钟声是伦敦最有名的魅力之一。根据语境及句中的“one

of”可知此处应填attractions。4．areassessed考查动词时态和语态。此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；又因assess与Therepairs之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填areassessed。5．falling考查非谓语动词

。fall与BigBen之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填falling。6．extremely考查副词。空处修饰形容词important，故用副词extremely“非常”。7．on考查介词。basis在此意为“基准，准则，方式”，常用于

“ona...basis”结构中。故填on。8．known考查非谓语动词。know与theclock之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。9．because考查状语从句。但是伦敦人不用担心，因为大本钟会继续为像除夕之夜和阵亡将士纪念日这样重要的全国性活动报时。分

析句子结构可知，空处在此引导原因状语从句，前面是果，后面是因，故填because。10．national考查形容词。空处修饰名词“events”，应用形容词。故填national“国家的，全国的”。Ⅱ.短

文改错TheotherdayIaswellasmyparentswereeatinginarestaurantwhenwenoticedaforeignercomingin.Heseatshimselfatatabl

ebythewindow.Soonawaitresscameandwantedtotakeherorder.However,theforeignercouldn'tgothisneedsacross.Seeingthis,Iwentupimmediatetooffersomehelps

.WecommunicatedwithsimpleEnglishforawhilebutIlaterknewwhythewaitresscouldn'tunderstandhim.TheforeigneractuallywantedroastB

eijingduck,buthehadawrongChinesepronunciation.Hearingmyexplanation,thewaitresscouldn'thelptolaughing.Theforeignerhimselfalsolaughed.答案

：第一句：were→was第二句：seats→seated第三句：her→his第四句：got→get第五句：immediate→immediately;helps→help第六句：with→in;but→and第七句：roast前加a第八句：去掉to[第三组]Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·重庆

调研)Now,I'dliketosharewhatI__1__(learn)throughTravellingGuideafewweeksago.Thousandsofvisitorseachyear

enjoyHaleakalaNationalPark,oneofthe__2__(unusual)nationalparksintheUnitedStates,ontheislandofMaui.Shipsstopatthe

islandandbusestake__3__(group)ofvisitorstoseethehugevolcanothere.Visitorsalsomaytakeawalkintherainforest__4__(

create)bythevolcanothousandsofyearsago.Theparkoffersvisitorsasightofnatureat__5__majoritiesofpeopleneverhavethechancet

otakealook.AtthetopofHaleakala,__6__(look)downinsidewhatisthemostactivepartofthevolcano,wecanseethatthevolcanohasleftt

housandsofdifferentshapesoflava(熔岩)stoneeversince.Hundredsofyears__7__rainandbrightsunhavecutlongpathsinthestone.Therearemainly3stoneareas.Onebigare

aseems__8__(be)deepanddarkred.__9__twoareasseemalmostyellowandgreen.Itlooksasifsomeonespilled(泼洒)manycolorsofpaintoverthehugeareas.Thelavast

oneareasare__10__(color)becausethelavaisrichinmanykindsofminerals.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了哈雷阿卡拉国家公园。1．learned/learnt考查动词时态。根据本句中的时间状语“afewweeksago”可知，该空应用

一般过去时。2．mostunusual考查形容词最高级。此处表示“美国最不同寻常的国家公园之一”，这里应用形容词的最高级修饰nationalparks，故该空填mostunusual。3．groups考查名词复

数。根据上文中的“Thousandsofvisitors”可知游客很多，又因group是可数名词，这里表示“成群的游客”，故用group的复数形式。4．created考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，forest后面的部分作定语修饰rainforest，且rainfor

est与动词create之间在逻辑上是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。5．which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句中的“Theparkoffersvisitorsasightofnature”是主句，“at________majorities...alook”

是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作at的宾语，代指asightofnature，故填which。6．looking考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句中第二个逗号后面的部分是主句，空处为非谓语动词作状语，look与主句的主语we之间构成逻辑

上的主动关系，故此处用现在分词形式。7．of考查介词。of用于month,year等名词后以表示某状态或活动持续的时长。8．tobe考查非谓语动词。seemtodosth.为固定用法。9．Another考查代词。根据上文中的3s

toneareas和Onebigarea可知，这里用Another。Anothertwoareas表示“另外两个地区”。10．colorful考查形容词。该空作表语，说明主语的性质、状态，故用形容词。colorful表示“色彩丰富的”。Ⅱ.短文

改错(2018·重庆调研)Willourparentscheckourhomework?Notreally.Sincehavingalreadygrowingup,wecan'tactlikelittlebabyandrelyonourparentsa

llthetime.WhenIwasinGradeThree,myparentsaskedustocheckmyhomeworkbymyself.Idon'tknowwhattodointhattime,soIcried.Afterthat,Igotusedtocor

rectmyownhomeworkandbecamemoreindependent.Checkhomeworkbyourselvesisverygoodhabit.Itcannotonlyhelpusfindmistakesinexamsmoreeasybutalsoletourpar

entsworrylessaboutourstudies.Becauseparentswillleaveussomeday,soweshouldlearntodoeverythingbyourselves.答案：第三句：grow

ing→grown;baby→babies第四句：us→me第五句：don't→didn't;in→at第六句：correct→correcting第七句：Check→Checking;very前加a

第八句：easy→easily第九句：去掉so[第四组]Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·郑州质检)IlostmylastdebateintherecentNationalHighSchoolAcademicDebate&SpeechTournamentheldinShanghai.

Butinsteadoffocusingonmy__1__(fail),Istoppedtoreflectonmyexperiencesinthepastfewyears__2__adebater.Ingeneral,preparingfornewdeb

atetopicsusually__3__(include)brainstormingarguments,researchingaresolution(解决),anddoingdebatepractice.Soifyouspotad

ebatinggroup,youmightseeussittingtogetherafterschool,orevenalldayatweekends,discussingargumentsandresearchin

gevidence.Youmightalsonoticeusarguing__4__(fierce)anywherewecan.Notonlyaretheysupportive,butmydebatefriendsalsohavesimilarpassionsandinterests

tomine.Aswediscussdebatetopics,myfellowdebatersandIcantalkaboutanything,from__5__bestwayofrehabilitating(改造)criminalstothenegativepointsoffreeim

migrationpolicies.However,ourdiscussionsaremorethanjustaway__6__(practice)ourdebatingskills.Inmymind,theyhelpustobecom

ecalmandconsider__7__(win)andsolvingrealproblemsaswell.Tome,thedebatingcommunityisagreatplace__8__peoplehelpeac

hothernotonlybecausethey'reinterestedinahighercause,butbecausetheycareabouthowpeoplefromdifferent__9__(background)canleadbetterlives.I'mg

ratefultoeachofmydebatefriendsandeverysingleminutewegottospendtogether.Indeed,myhighschoollifewouldbeinco

mpletewithoutthem.SoeventhoughI__10__(defeat)inmylastdebate,I'mstillthankfulforbeingpartofmywonderfuldebatefami

ly.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然在一次辩论赛中失败了，但停下来反思过去几年作为一名辩手的经历，作者依然觉得获益匪浅。1．failure考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处应用名词，故填fail的名词形式failure。2．as考查介词。句意：但我并没有把注意力集中到自己

的失败上，而是停下来反思过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。根据句意可知此处用介词as，表示“作为”。3．includes考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处叙述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时；又因为本句中主语为preparingfornewdebatetopic

s，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。4．fiercely考查副词。句意：你也有可能注意到在任何我们能辩论的地方我们都在激烈地论证。空处修饰arguing，应用副词。5．the考查冠词。形容词最高级前要用定冠词the，故此处应填the。6．topr

actice考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是练习我们辩论技巧的一种方法。awaytodosth.“做某事的方法”，todo形式作定语。7．winning考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来，它们有助于我们变得镇静，也帮

助我们考虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider作“考虑”讲时，后面常跟动词-ing形式作宾语。8．where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词place，故用where。9．backgrounds考查

名词复数。因为他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。background作“出身，个人背景”讲时为可数名词，空前有different修饰，故此处应用其复数形式。10．wasdefeated考查动词时态和语态。句意：因此，尽管在上次的辩论中我被击败了，但我仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩

论家族的一员。根据句意可知此处用被动语态，且此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·江西省南昌市模拟)Itisknownthatsomestudentscheatinexams.Ithasthreereason.Firstofa

ll,therearetoomanyexams.Beside,theexamsgivenaredifficultyinsomeway.Secondly,somestudentshavetocheatinexamsbecauseoftheyaretoolazy

.Thelastreasonistopleaseourparentsandteachers.Forsomestudents,lowmarksbroughtthemgreatpressureandmakethemdepressing.Inmyopinion,chea

tinginexamsarewrong.Weshouldtakeactiveattitudetoourstudies,andtrytogetamarkwhatistrueaswellasgood.答案：第二句：reason→reasons第四句：Beside→Besides;difficulty→

difficult第五句：去掉of第六句：our→their第七句：brought→bring;depressing→depressed第八句：are→is第九句：take后加an;what→that/which“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练(二)(共4组，每组限时20分钟)[第一组]Ⅰ.语法

填空(2018·合肥质检)TheWaterSplashing(泼洒)FestivaloftheDaiethnicminority(少数民族)fallsonApril13thtoApril15th.Itisthemostimportantfestival__1__(observ

e)bytheDaipeopleofXishuangbanna,YunnanProvince.ItistheNewYearfortheDai,afestivaltosendofftheoldandgreetthenew.Duringthefestival,__2__laststhre

edays,peoplearedressedintheirbestclothesandparticipateinavarietyofrichandcolourful__3__(activity).Dragonboatracing,f

ireworksdisplaysandotherperformancessuchasPeacockDance__4__(hold)onthefirstday.Andthemostpopularevent_

_5__(be)water-splashingonthesecondday.Peoplesplashwateroneachother,hopingtotakeawaysicknessesanddisasters.Thewetteryouget,the__6

__(lucky)youwillbe.Thelastdayisusuallyfortheyoungpeopletoplaygamesasaway__7__(express)theirloveforeachother.TheWaterSplashingFestival__8__(vivid)exhi

bitstheDai'srespectforwaterandthecultureofmusic,dance,food,andcostumes.Itisalsoaculturalbridge__9__Xishuan

gbannaandSoutheastAsiancountriesthatshare__10__samefestivalcultureofwater-splashing.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了傣族泼水节的相关情况，包括时间、活动内容和意义等。1．observed考查非谓语动词。这

是云南省西双版纳的傣族人所奉行的最重要的节日。根据该句中的“bytheDaipeople”可知，动词observe和名词festival之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。2．which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作

主语，先行词为“thefestival”，故用which引导该定语从句。3．activities考查名词复数。activity“(群体性的)活动”为可数名词，根据该句中的“avarietyof”可知，此处表示“多种多样的活动”，故用其复数形式。4

．areheld考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。由上下文可知，此处用一般现在时；该句主语为“Dragonboatracing,fireworksdisplaysandotherperformancessuchasPeacockDance”，故谓语动词用复数形式；主语和动词hold之间为被动关系，故

用被动语态，故填areheld。5．is考查动词时态和主谓一致。该句主语为“themostpopularevent”，为单数，故谓语动词用单数形式；该句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。6．luckier考查形容词的比较级。根据句子结构和该句

中的“Thewetter”可知，该句为“themore...themore...”结构，表示“越……，就越……”。故填luckier。7．toexpress考查非谓语动词。最后一天的活动通常是年轻人玩游戏来表达他们对彼此的爱。根据语境可知，空

处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。8．vividly考查副词。泼水节生动地展示了傣族人对水和音乐、舞蹈、食物以及服饰文化的尊重。根据空后的“exhibits”可知，空处修饰该动词，故用vivid的副词形式。9．between考查介词。泼水节也是西双版纳和东南亚国家之间的文化

桥梁，他们共享相同的泼水节日文化。此处表示两者之间，between...and...为固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。10．the考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，故填the。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·太原阶段性测评)Chineseisoneoftheworld's

mostwidelyspokenlanguages.TherearemuchdifferenttypesofChinese.Forexample,onetypeknownasMandarin,hadalmostabi

llionspeakers.OutsideofChina,ChineseinsomeformisspokenChinesecommunitiesworldwide.ThedifferentkindsofChineselanguageuse

asamescript.WhilesomeonefromthenorthofChinamayneedthespeechofsomeonefromthesouthinterpreted,butitisnotusuallyneces

sarytohavewrittendocumentstranslating.Intheearlytwentycentury,agovernmentlanguagepolicycreatedModernStandardChinese,thatisnowtheoffi

ciallanguageofChina.ItisoneoftheofficiallanguageoftheUnitedNationstodevelopmoreeffectivelycommunication.答案：第二句：much→many第三句：had→has第四句：

spoken后加by第五句：a→the第六句：去掉but;translating→translated第七句：twenty→twentieth;that→which第八句：language→languages;effectively→effective[第二组]Ⅰ.语法

填空(2018·陕西质检)HarvardisolderthantheUnitedStates.Intheearly1630ssomesettlerssuggestedthatauniversity__1__(found)justtoimprovethequa

lityoftheirdescendantssothattheycould__2__(well)buildthenewhome.Thus,itwasestablishedin1636byvoteoftheGreatandGeneralCourtoftheMassachu

settsBayColony.Likemanyother__3__(university)atthattime,theHarvardattheearlystageoftenranintofinancialcrisis.Theschoolboardoftenh

adtogotoEuropetoraise__4__(donate),butasyoucanpredict,theyoftencameback__5__theirhandsempty.In1638,JohnHarvard,pastorofCha

rlestown,passedaway.Helefthislibraryandhalfhisestatetotheinstitution,__6__werethebiggestdonationeversinceitsestablishment.Therefore,theuniversitywas

namedafterhisname.Today,youcanfindastatueofJohnHarvard__7__(stand)infrontoftheUniversityHallinHarvardYard,anditisper

hapstheUniversity'sbest__8__(know)landmark.Likeotherworldfamousuniversities,HarvardtoohasmanycollegesandHarvardBusinessSchoolisoneofthem.Therei

s__9__sayingineducationthatHarvardisthecrownofAmericaneducation__10__HarvardBusinessSchoolistheshiningdiamondonit.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明

文。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建的背景、名称的来历以及其地位。1．(should)befounded考查动词语态和虚拟语气。主语auniversity和动词found之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示“建议”，后接宾语从

句时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可省略。2．better考查副词的比较级。17世纪30年代早期，一些殖民者建议建立一所大学以提高他们后代的素质，以便于他们能更好地建造新的家园。根据语境可知，空处表示“更好地”，故用副词比较级。3．universities

考查名词复数。和当时的其他许多大学一样，早期的哈佛大学经常遭遇金融危机。university为可数名词，其前由manyother修饰，表示“许多其他大学”，故用复数形式。4．donation(s)考查名词。学校董事会经常不得不去欧洲筹集捐款，但正如你所能预测的，他们经常空手而归。空处作及物动词

raise的宾语，故用名词形式。5．with考查介词。with表示“具有，带有”。6．which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hislibraryandhalfhisestate，并在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。7．standing考查非谓

语动词。今天，你可以在哈佛广场的大学礼堂前发现一尊站立着的JohnHarvard的雕像，这也许是这所大学最著名的地标。astatueofJohnHarvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。8．know

n考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“知名的，著名的”，故用形容词known。9．a考查冠词。该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。10．and考查连词。在教育界有

一句名言：哈佛是美国教育的王冠，哈佛商学院是它的闪亮之星。空前的“HarvardisthecrownofAmericaneducation”和空后的“HarvardBusinessSchoolistheshiningdiamondonit”为并列关系，故用连词and。Ⅱ.

短文改错DearMr.Thomas，IlearnfromtheNoticeBoardthatyouwantawordeditorfortheEnglishWeekly.LuckilyIhadafriend,David,whoisgoodforEnglish.Ithin

kheistherightpersonforapost.DaviddoeswellinwriteinEnglishandoncewonfirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcontestholdinginourschool.What'smuch,Davi

disafriendlyboyandhe'salwaysreadytohelpotherwheneverheisneeded.And,mostimportant,hegetsonwellwithallhisclassmatesandwillingtowor

kforthegoodoftheteam.Pleaseoffertohimachance.I'msurehewillgiveyouasurprise.Yours，Sam答案：第二句：had→have;for→at第三句：a→the第四句：wr

ite→writing;holding→held第五句：much→more;other→others第六句：important→importantly;and后加is第七句：去掉to[第三组]Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·济南高考模

拟)It'salmostacommonbeliefthatthebestfoodyoucanfindinaplaceisnotinthefancyrestaurants,__1__inthebackstr

eets.Thesespotsareusuallyawayfrompopulartouristattractions,whichmeansthattofindthemyou'llneedthespiritofan__2__(explore)

．That'showIcameacrossroujiamowhenIwasexploringBeijing.Ifound__3__restaurantthatsolddishesfromXi'anwhenIexploredtheareaaround__4__(I)office

oneday.Idecidedtotryitout.Myroujiamo__5__(make)fresh,sothebreadwasstillwarm.ItwassoftwhenIbitintoit,andt

hemeatinsidewasdeliciousandtender.Infact,IenjoyeditsomuchthatIorderedmoretotakehomewithme.Thoughit'sjust

asnack,it'sstillquitefillingandcan__6__(easy)satisfyyourappetite.Therearea__7__(various)ofthingsyoucanputinsidethe“mo”，asthebreadiscalled.

Forexample,incertainareasinXi'an,themeat__8__(use)isusuallybeef,butinGansuProvince,muttonismorecommon.Andthefirstroujiamotha

tItriedwasmade__9__pork.Howeverit'smade,it'sstillatastysnack.AndforanAmericanlikemewhogrewup__10__(eat)hamburgers,it'saperfectcombinati

onofEastandWest.语篇解读：本文介绍了经常出现在街头巷尾的美食——肉夹馍。1．but考查连词。句意：普遍认为你能在一个地方找到的最好的食物不是在豪华餐厅里而是在街头巷尾。not...but...意为“不是……而是……”，故本空应填连词but。2．explorer考查名词。由空格前的

不定冠词an可知，空格处应填名词形式。此处表示探索者，故填explorer。3．a考查冠词。句意：一天，我探访我办公室周围的区域时，我发现一个卖西安食物的餐馆。restaurant为可数名词，在文中第一次提

及时应用不定冠词修饰，又因restaurant的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。4．my考查代词。参见上题解析。修饰名词office应用形容词性物主代词my。5．wasmade考查动词时态和语态。本句中主语Myroujiamo和动词make之间为被动关系

，故应用被动语态；根据上下文可知此事发生在过去，故本空应使用一般过去时的被动语态，应填wasmade。6．easily考查副词。修饰动词satisfy应用副词，故填easily。7．variety考查固定用法。avarietyof意为“各种

各样的”。8．used考查非谓语动词。动词use与修饰的名词meat之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用use的过去分词形式作定语，故填used。9．with考查介词。句意：我尝的第一个肉夹馍是猪肉做的。with表示“用”，故应用介词with。10．eatin

g考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，在who引导的定语从句中，关系代词who指代先行词anAmerican，在从句中作主语，因为动词eat和主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词作伴随状语。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·合肥质检)Itwasinahotsummerhol

idaywhichIvisitedQingdao,portcityinShandongProvince.Myfavouritesportisswimming,soIdecidetogoswimmingintheseaoneafternoonwithmyfriend,W

angFeiandLiLei.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadswuminthesea,withwavescomeoneafteranothertotheshoreandmakinggrea

tnoises.Facingtheroughsea,Ifeltabitworryingandnearlygaveupatfirst.AndwhenIsawmanypeopleenjoyingmyselfinthewater,myfearwasreducing.AtlastIjoi

nedintheswimmers.NowIstillrememberhowwonderfulIwasswimminginthesea.答案：第一句：which→that;port前加a第二句：decide→decided;friend→friends第三句：come→co

ming第四句：worrying→worried第五句：And→But;myself→themselves第六句：去掉in第七句：wonderful→wonderfully[第四组]Ⅰ.语法填空Myhometownis

asmallmunicipality(自治镇)calledAschachintheAustrianstateofUpperAustria.Thetown__1__(locate)intheDanubeValleyandhasapopulationof

2,190.First__2__(mention)intheyear777,Aschachhasahistoriccenterwithbeautifulhousesandcourtyards,includingacastle.T

ouristscanenjoyarchitecturalstylesfromtheGothic,BaroqueandRenaissance.AsAustriaisprettysmall,wecan__3__(easy)traveltomanyotherEuro

peancountries.Forexample,IcandrivetoGermanywithinonehour.TotheCzechRepublicitjusttakesme30minutes.Ingeneral,

Austrianpeoplepayalotofattentiontotheenvironmentandtry__4__(live)inharmonywithnature.Manyofthemgrow__5__ownvegetablesorbuy__6__(ag

riculture)productsfromnearbyfarmers.I__7__(live)inBeijingforalongtimeuptonow.__8__ImissmostintheDanubearethestarrysky,myfamilyandfriends.Aschac

hisawonderfulplaceandeverytimeIgohome,Ifeelrelaxedandcalm.Itisoneoftheprettiest__9__(village)inAustriaandvisitorsfrom

allaroundtheworldcometohaveatour__10__iteveryyear.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了奥地利的Aschach自治镇。1．islocated考查动词时态和语态。该城镇坐落于

多瑙河谷，有2190人。此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；又因为locate作“位于，坐落于”讲时是及物动词，与Thetown之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填islocated。2．mentioned考查非谓语动词。mention与其逻辑主语Aschach之

间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填mentioned。3．easily考查副词。因为奥地利很小，所以我们能很容易地去许多其他的欧洲国家旅行。修饰动词travel应用副词，故填easily。4．tolive考查非谓语动词。奥地利人很关注环境，他们努力与自然和谐相处

。trytodosth.意为“努力做某事”。5．their考查代词。许多人自己种蔬菜。空处指代的是“Manyofthem”，再结合空后的“own”可知，应填their。6．agricultural考查

形容词。此处指许多人从附近的农民那里购买农产品。空处修饰名词products，应用形容词。故填agricultural“农业的”。7．havelived考查动词时态。到目前为止，“我”已经在北京住了很长一段

时间了。根据句中的“uptonow”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填havelived。8．What考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导主语从句，且在从句中作miss的宾语，表示“……的东西”，故填What。9．village

s考查名词复数。Aschach是奥地利最美丽的村庄之一。此处考查的是“oneof＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”这一结构，故填villages。10．of考查介词。每年，来自世界各地的游客都会来这里旅游。tour“旅游，旅行”，表示在某地旅游

时常与介词of搭配使用。Ⅱ.短文改错InmylifeI'vemetmanypeoplewho'rerealworthremembering.ButperhapsthemostunforgettablepersonismyEnglishteach

er.Whatfrequentlybringsbackmemoryofmyschoolteacherishisspeciallyqualities.HenotonlyledustohaveunderstandingofthebeautyoftheEnglishlanguageandlite

rature,butalsoarousesourinterestinexploringsomethingdeeperinthisfield.Irememberthatwestudentsalwaysexpectedhisclassofgreateagerness.Thatwaswhyh

islectureswerehumorouslydelivered,neverfailtocauselaughter.AlthoughitisnearlytwoyearssinceIattendedhislastclass,butheisthetalkofourold

classmates.AndIknowpartofmehasalreadystayedinmyheart.答案：第一句：real→really第三句：memory→memories;specially→special第四句：unde

rstanding前加an;arouses→aroused第五句：of→with第六句：why→because;fail→failing第七句：去掉but或but→yet第八句：me→him“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练(三)(共4组，

每组限时20分钟)[第一组]Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·福州期末考试)AhutongisanancientcitystreettypicalinBeijing.__1__(surround)theForbiddenCity,manywerebuiltduringtheYuan,

MingandQing__2__(dynasty)．Inordertoestablishthestrongestpower,emperorsplannedthecityandarrangedtheresidentialareas.__3__centerofthecityof

Beijingwastheroyalpalace—theForbiddenCity.AttheendoftheQingdynasty,after__4__(close)Chinacameundertheinfluencefromabroad,manyoldhutongslost__5__(

they)formerneatarrangement.AfterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChinain1949,hutongconditions__6__(improve)．Butinrecentyears,thehousesinmany

hutongshavebeenpulled__7__andreplacedbymodernbuildings.Andthehutongtodayisfadingintotheshadefor__8__touristsandlocalpeople.However,intheurbandist

rictofBeijinghousesalonghutongsstilloccupyone__9__(three)ofthetotalarea,providinghousingforhalfpopulation,somanyhutongs__10__(su

rvive)．Inthisrespect,weseetheoldinthenewinBeijingasanancientyetmoderncity.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京胡同的发展历史、建造作用以及当前的状况等。1．Surrounding考查非谓语动词。胡同环绕着

紫禁城，它们中的许多建造于元、明、清时期。分析该句结构可知，many前面的部分为状语；主语many代指“胡同”，和动词surround之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。2．dynasties考查名词复数。根据该句中的“Yuan,MingandQ

ing”可知，该处指三个朝代，且dynasty为可数名词，故用复数形式。3．The考查冠词。北京城的中心是皇宫——紫禁城。根据该句中的“ofthecityBeijing”可知，该处特指“北京城的中心”，故用定冠词The。4．closed

考查形容词。根据句子结构和空后的名词“China”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“闭关自守的”，故用形容词。5．their考查代词。根据空后的名词短语“formerneatarrangement”可知，空处修饰该名词短语，故用形容词性物主代词。6．wereimproved考查动词时态、语态和主

谓一致。1949年中华人民共和国成立以后，胡同的状况得到了改善。该句主语为“hutongconditions”，和动词improve之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；因为主语“hutongconditions”为复数，故谓语应用复数；根据该句

中的时间状语可知，该句介绍过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。7．down考查介词。但是近年来，许多胡同中的房子被拆毁，取而代之的是现代化的建筑。pulldown为固定搭配，意为“拆毁”。8．both考查连词。both...an

d...为固定搭配，意为“两者都……”。9．third考查序数词。该处指“在北京市区的胡同中的房子占整个地区的三分之一”，分数的分母用序数词，故用third。10．havesurvived考查动词时态。根据该句中的“stilloccupy”可知，该空表示过去的动

作对现在产生的影响，故用现在完成时。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·江西名校联盟质量检测)Volunteeringhasapositiveeffectinourcommunity.Itisgreatlybenefittousinseveralways.Firstof

all,volunteeringcanletustolearnmoreaboutsocietyandgainvaluableexperience.Secondly,volunteeringprovidesuswithagoodopportunitytoputwhatw

ehadlearnedtogooduse.Ihopemoreandmorestudentswillactivejointhevolunteerclubofourschool.Let'scarefortheoldanddisabledpeoplearoundusbyofferahelping

hand.Let'scleantheparksneartheirhome.Let'sgotonursinghomestobringlovetopeoplewhichareinneed.Remember,wecanmakedifferencetosocietyifwea

rewillingtohelpothers.Solet'stakeactions.答案：第一句：in→on第二句：benefit→beneficial第三句：去掉to第四句：had→have第五句：active→actively第六句：offer→offerin

g第七句：their→our第八句：which→who/that第九句：make后加a第十句：actions→action[第二组]Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·贵阳监测)SpringFestivalisth

emostimportantofthetraditionalChinesefestivals.It__1__(call)“LunarNewYear”，because—aspartofthelunisolar(阴阳的)Chinesecalendar—thedatei

spartiallydeterminedbasedonlunarphase(月亮或行星的相位).Thefestivaltraditionally__2__(begin)onthefirstdayofthefirstmonthintheChinesecal

endarandendswithLanternFestival__3__isonthe15thday.ChineseNewYear'sEve,adaywhenChinesefamiliesgatherfortheirannua

lreuniondinner,isknownasChuXi.Itliterallymeans“Year-passEve”．Accordingto__4__(tale)andlegends,thebeginningofChineseNewYearstartedwiththefigh

tagainst__5__mythical(神话的)beastcalledNian(年兽).NianwouldcomeonthefirstdayofNewYeartodevourlivestock(牲畜),c

rops,andevenvillagers,__6__(especial)children.Toprotect__7__，thevillagerswouldputfoodinfrontoftheirdoorsatthebeg

inningofeveryyear.ItwasbelievedthataftertheNian__8__(eat)thefoodtheyprepared,itwouldn'tattackpeopleanymore.Onetime,peoplesawthattheNianwasscar

edawaybyalittlechildwearingred.ThevillagersthenunderstoodthattheNianwasafraid__9__thecolourred.There

fore,everytimewhentheNewYearwasabouttocome,thevillagerswouldhangredlanternsandredspringscrollsonwindowsanddoors.Peoplealsousedfirew

orks__10__(frighten)awaytheNian.Fromthenon,Niannevercametothevillageagain.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国新年的来历。1．iscalled考查动词时态和语态。春节被叫作“农历新年”，此处叙述的是客观事实，应

用一般现在时；又因为主语It与动词call之间为被动关系，故填iscalled。2．begins考查动词时态。传统上来讲，春节开始于中国农历第一个月的第一天。此处是对客观事实的描述，故用一般现在时。3．which/that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句

且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词LanternFestival，故填which/that。4．tales考查名词复数。tale为可数名词，前无限定词，且根据空后的legends可知，此处应用tale的复数形式与legends构成并列关系。

5．a考查冠词。空处表示泛指，且mythical的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。6．especially考查副词。年兽会在新年的第一天出现并吞食牲畜、农作物，甚至村民，尤其是儿童。根据语境可知此处用副词作状语，表示“尤其”。7．themselv

es考查代词。为了保护自己，村民们每年年初都会把食物放在家门口。根据语境可知空处指代主语thevillagers，故应用反身代词themselves。8．ate考查动词时态。人们相信，在吃了他们准备好的食物之后，年兽就不会再攻击人们了。根据语境及主句的时态可知，此处用一般过去时。9．of考查

介词。村民们后来明白了，年兽害怕红色。beafraidof...“害怕……”，为固定搭配。10．tofrighten考查非谓语动词。人们也用鞭炮来吓跑年兽。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·昆明调研)Whensurft

heInternetyesterday,Isawablogpostedbyamother.Shewasnotsureaboutwhethershecouldaffordthecostofsupplyingschoolbookstobothofherkidthi

syear.Oneofherboysisoneyearlowthanmeintheschool,soIwritetoaskforthebooklistofhisschool.Twobooksofminematchedthelist,becauseIw

asabletogivethemaway,whatIusedlastschoolyear.Imailedthetwobookstohissonaccordingtothegivenaddress.Thenshewrotetosayhowdeepsh

eappreciatedthegift.It'salwaysnicetodoIcantomakeadifference!答案：第一句：surf→surfing第二句：去掉about;kid→kids第三句：low→lower;write→w

rote第四句：because→so;what→which第五句：his→her第六句：deep→deeply第七句：do后加what/whatever/all[第三组]Ⅰ.语法填空China'sicebreakerXueL

ongwillsetsailfromShanghaitotheAntarctic.ItscaptainZhuBingsaidthattheicebreakerwouldfirsttraveltothet

o-be-builtnewstationbefore__1__(make)ashortstopatZhongshanstation.Oneofitsmaintasksistobuildanotherresear

chstationintheAntarctic.Once__2__(complete),thenewstationwouldbethecountry'sthirdyear-roundstationintheAntarcticandthefirsttobelying__3__theborderoft

hePacificOcean.__4__othertwostations,theGreatWallStationandtheZhongshanStation,__5__(build)inthe1980s.“Th

istimearound,wewillbuilda206-square-metertemporarybase,whichincludesroomsforworkersandaplatformforlargeengineering__6__(m

achine),toimprovefutureconstructionwork，”saidZhangTijunofthePolarResearchInstituteofChina,__7__istheassistantleaderoftheexpedition.SunBo,thedeputy

directoroftheinstitute,was__8__(confidence)tosaythattheconstructionofthestation,whichwill__9__(definite)meetinternationalcriteriaforenvironmenta

l__10__(protect),willbefinishedasearlyas2022.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中国破冰船“雪龙”号将从上海起航，前往南极洲修建第三个南极常年科考站，该科考站是中国在太平洋边界

建的第一个南极科考站，将最早于2022年完工。1．making考查非谓语动词。介词后要用动名词作宾语，故用making。2．completed考查非谓语动词。thenewstation与complete之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应

用过去分词作状语。故用completed。3．on考查介词。此处指科考站位于太平洋的边界处。ontheborderof...“在……的边界”。4．The考查冠词。由后面提到的两个科考站可知，此处表特指，故用Th

e。5．werebuilt考查动词时态和语态。另外两个科考站，长城站和中山站，建于20世纪80年代。根据时间状语“inthe1980s”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；又因为句子的主语twostations与build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故用werebuilt

。6．machines考查名词复数。machine“机器，设备”，是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故应用其复数形式。7．who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且空处在从句中作主语，先行词是ZhangTijun，指人，故用wh

o。8．confident考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，故用形容词confident。9．definitely考查副词。空处修饰动词meet，应用副词。definitely“肯定，当然”。10．protection考查名词。根据空前的形容词e

nvironmental可知，此处应用名词。environmentalprotection意为“环境保护”。Ⅱ.短文改错“Atruefriendisasourceofstrengthandhope”isasayingtellsus

thateveryoneneedsfriends,especiallythosewhochallengeustobeexcellentandconfidence.IcanwellrememberthetimewhenIfa

iledinseveralexam,thatupsetmesomuchthatIcouldn'tfocusonstudyanymore.Fortunate,myfriendKriscametocheerherup.S

hesaid,“Innowayshouldyougiveup.Keepdoingoryouwillsucceed.”Daybyday,shestayswithme,helpingmystudy.NowI'mexcitedtofindIhav

emadeagreatprogress.Krisisreallyatruefriend.Astheoldsayinggoes,afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Let'sbetruefriendstoeacho

ther.答案：第一句：tells→telling;confidence→confident第二句：exam→exams;第一个that→which第三句：Fortunate→Fortunately;her→me第五句：or→and第六句：stay

s→stayed;helping后加with第七句：去掉a[第四组]Ⅰ.语法填空Zhangjiajieconsistsofthedistrict__1__YongdingandcountiesofCiliandSan

gzhi.AlsowithinitislocatedWulingyuanScenicAreawhich__2__(name)aUNESCOWorldHeritage(遗产)Sitein1992.Seni

orexpertsfromUNESCOwereamazedatitsuniquenaturalscenery,nearperfectbiologicalsystem,andcreative__3__(combine)ofnatureandhumanism.TheWul

ingyuanScenicandHistoricInterestArea__4__(make)upoftheZhangjiajieNationalForestPark,theTianzishanmountainranges,BaofenghuandtheSuoxiValleyis__5

__verypopularfilmingandtouristdestination.AlsointheZhangjiajiearea,HuanglongdongandLongwangdongarecavesknownformanynaturalrockformationsand__

6__(they)undergroundcataract(急流).Eachyear,ZhangjiajiehoststheInternationalCountryMusicWeekFestival,__7__(feature)internationa

lactssuchasAmericancountrymusicgroupLucyAngel.Thecityhasbuilt12state-leveltouristareas,of__8__oneis5A-classscenicspotandfoursitesare4A-lev

el.ItattractsvisitorsfromalloverChinaandotherAsiancountriessuchasKorea,andis__9__(increase)popularamongotherinternationaltourists.S

inceZhangjiajie__10__(improve)itstransportationandserviceforlong,thecitynowcanreceive36,200touristsperday.语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了张家界的一些景色秀美、风光独特的风景名胜区。1．of考查介词。张家界由永定区、慈利县和桑植县组成。of在此用于表示性质、组成或涵盖，意为“由……组成”。2．wasnamed考查动词时态和语态。由定语从句的时间状语in1992可知，定语从句应使用一般过

去时；关系代词which指代先行词WulingyuanScenicArea，与name之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。所以填wasnamed。3．combination考查名词。由前面的形容词creative和后面的of可知，此处应用combine的名词形

式。4．made考查非谓语动词。根据固定短语bemadeupof“由……组成”可知，此处要用过去分词作后置定语，修饰TheWulingyuanScenicandHistoricInterestArea。5．a考查

冠词。destination为可数名词，且在此表示泛指，故填a。6．their考查代词。由后面的“undergroundcataract(急流)”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。7．featuring考查非谓语动词。feature与其逻辑主语之间为主动

关系，故此处用现在分词短语作状语。8．which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处指代先行词12state-leveltouristareas，且在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。9．increasingly考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词popular,i

ncreasingly表示“越来越多地，日益增加地”。10．hasbeenimproving考查动词时态。由于张家界长久以来不断地改善它的交通和服务，这个城市现在每天可以接待36200名游客。根据时间状语forlong可知，此处应用

现在完成进行时表示过去开始的动作持续到现在并将继续下去。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·福州期末考试)Six-year-oldIsmailZulficwasbornwithoutarmsandusedtobescaryofgoingin

tothewaterafteraincidentinapool.SothatchangedwhenthelittleboymetAmelKapo.Hesetsupalocalswimmingclubafternoticinghowdisabledkidsstruggledtoswimi

npoolsforlackofspecialequipmentsforthem.KapotaughtZulficswim.Zulficwasabletoswimwellafteralittlemonthsofpractice.Hee

venwonagoldmedalinalocalswimmingcompetitionfordisabledpeople,finishwellaheadofotherswimmers.Thisbutterflywithoutwingsshowsupthatdesire,willandpersev

erancearethingsthatrealpayoff.答案：第一句：scary→scared;第一个a→an第二句：So→But第三句：sets→set;equipments→equipment第四句：swim前加to第五句：little→few第六句：fin

ish→finishing第七句：去掉up;real→really“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练(四)(共4组，每组限时20分钟)[第一组]Ⅰ.语法填空BiketoWorkDaywasstartedbytheLeagueofAmerica

nBicyclistsin1956with__1__aimofpromotingthebicycleasaseriouschoiceofgettingtoandfromwork.Itis__2__(annual)heldacrossNorthAmericaonth

ethirdFridayofMay.Intoday'sworld__3__globalwarmingisaseriousissue,thebicycleisaperfectwayofreducingourcarbonfootprint.Cyclingtoworkisahealthyalter

native__4__drivingortakingpublictransport.Itcannotonlysaveyoumoneybutalsoenableyoutobemore__5__(create)onceyo

ugettowork,thusimprovingyourperformance.Bicyclesarethemostcommonformoftransportintheworldandthereareab

outtwobillioninuseworldwide,__6__(make)thebicyclethemostpopularinventionever.Whenwethinkofsomecountries,liketheNetherlands,weimagine__7__(hund

red)ofpeoplecyclingeverywhere.Eveninhigh-techJapan,itisimpossiblenot__8__(see)businessmen,farmers,mothersor

workersinthestreetsontheirbikes.Bicycles__9__(invent)inthe19thcenturyandhaven'tchangedmuchsince.Today,weusebicyclesforpleasure,fitness,

Olympiccompetitions,mail__10__(deliver)andlotsmore.Withoutthebicycle,muchoftheworldmightstopworking!语篇解读：本文是一

篇说明文，介绍了BiketoWorkDay的由来以及骑自行车的好处等。1．the考查冠词。此处特指创立BiketoWorkDay的宗旨，故填the。withtheaimofdoingsth.“以做某事为目标，旨在做某事”。2．an

nually考查副词。修饰动词held应用副词。annually“一年一次地”。3．where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，先行词为today'sworld，故填where

。4．to考查介词。alternative在此作名词，意为“可供选择的事物”，常与介词to搭配使用。5．creative考查形容词。根据空前的“tobemore”可知，此处应用形容词。creative“有创造力的”。6．making考查非谓语动词。自行车是世界上最常见的交通工具，全世界在使用中的

自行车约有二十亿辆，这使得自行车成为有史以来最受欢迎的发明。make与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。7．hundreds考查名词复数。hundredsof表示“数以百计的，很多的”，是固定用法。8．tosee考查非谓语动词。此处考查的是“itis＋adj.＋todo”句型，

其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。9．wereinvented考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。自行车是在19世纪被发明的。根据时间状语“inthe19thcentury”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的动作

，应用一般过去时；又因Bicycles为复数，且和invent之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填wereinvented。10．delivery考查名词。分析句子结构可知，mail与空处构成名词词组，在句中作介词for的宾语，故应填名词delivery“传送，递送”。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018

·太原二模)Doyoubelieveloveisthemostimportant？Intheearlytwentycentury,homelesspeoplewereoftenbroughtupinorphanages,inthattheyr

eceivedlittlelove.Atonetime,Dr.Skeelstooktwelvechildrenfromanorphanageorhadayounggirllookthemeachday.

Healsostudiedanothertwelvechildrenwhoareleftintheorphanagealldaylong.Hefollowedthesechildrennotuntiltheygrewup,andtheresult

swereshocked.Thechildrenstayingalldayintheorphanagewereeitherdeadorsufferingfromseriousillnesses.However,t

hetwelvechildrenlovedbythegirlwereallhealthyandindependently.Theonlydifferencebetweenthelifeofthesechildren—thelove,madeagreatdifferenceto

us.答案：第二句：twenty→twentieth;that→which第三句：or→and;look后加after第四句：are→were第五句：去掉not;shocked→shocking第七句：independently→indepe

ndent第八句：life→lives;us→them[第二组]Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·石家庄质检)InmanyplaceslikeBritainandItaly,ifyouleavethehousewitho

utyourwallet,you'llbeinatoughsituationallday.ButinChina,youcanenjoyyourdayjust__1__asmartphone.Theothe

rday,Isetout__2__(see)howfaraphonewouldgetmeinthecountry'scapital.Admittedly,Iwassurprisedtodiscoverhow__3__(convenience)itwas.Iusedmyphonetocalla

taxitomeetmyChinesefriend,GuYu,__4__wouldguidemetogetaroundBeijing.Wepaidforbreakfastby__5__(scan)aQRcodeonthewindowofarestaurantselli

ngjianbing,oneofChina'smostpopularstreetbreakfasts.Mypurchasecost6yuanand__6__(take)justafewseconds.Atanearbycoffeeshop,_

_7__(it)ownerscannedaQRcodeonmyphone.Aswesippedourcoffee,GuYupaidherhouseholdwaterbill.Sheusedthesamesimpleproc

esstopayotherbillsandevenherrent.Wealsopaidbyphoneformovietickets,takeoutfood,shoppingandfor__8__(deli

ver)．IhaveknownfromGuYuthatfromtinystreetstandstolargechains,__9__hugenumberofpeopleacceptmobilepayment,__10__(

most)throughpopularappsAlipayandWeChat.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了自己在中国和朋友一起用手机进行移动支付的经历，包括打车、吃饭、交各种费用、买票、购物等

，不需要带钱包，只要带一部手机，就可以很愉快地度过一天。1．with考查介词。此处指“用一部智能手机你可以愉快地度过一天”，所以填with，表示“用”。2．tosee考查非谓语动词。setouttodo“打算/计划做”为固定用法。3．convenient考查形容词。此处为how引导的宾语

从句，空处在从句中作系动词was的表语，且前面有how修饰，故要用形容词。4．who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“myChinesefriend,GuYu”，指人，并且在从句中作主语，所

以要用who。5．scanning考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by可知，空处作介词的宾语，因此要用动名词scanning。6．took考查动词时态。根据上文时间状语“Theotherday”可知，空处叙述的是发生在过去的动作，故应用一般过去时，与cos

t并列作谓语，所以填took。7．its考查代词。根据空前的地点状语“Atanearbycoffeeshop”可知，句子的主语是这家咖啡店的老板，因此要用形容词性物主代词its来作owner的定语。8．delivery考查名词。根据空前的介词for可

知，空处作介词的宾语，fordelivery“送货”，为常用搭配，所以填delivery。9．a考查冠词。ahugenumberof是固定短语，意思是“许多”，修饰可数名词复数。10．mostly考查副词。空处作状语，修饰介词短语thro

ughpopularappsAlipayandWeChat，所以要用mostly，意思是“主要地，通常，多半”。Ⅱ.短文改错Springismyfavouriteseasonoftheyear.Thedaysaren

otsohoteventhoughthesunshonebrightly.Thetreesandgrasseslookgreener.WhateverIlook,Icanseesomanyprettyflowers.Itrainssometimesbutnotsomuc

h.Weneedn'twearsomanyclothestokeepingourselveswarm.Iliketoplayinmygardenearlierinthemorning.Ifeelenergeticallybecausetheairiscleanandfresho

nspring.Onholidays,wewouldhavethebreakfastinthegarden.Itispleasanttositoutside.TheyaresomanythingsIlike

aboutspring.Thatiswhyismyfavouriteseason.答案：第二句：shone→shines第三句：grasses→grass第四句：Whatever→Wherever第六句：keeping→keep第七句：ear

lier→early第八句：energetically→energetic;on→in第九句：去掉第一个the第十一句：They→There第十二句：why后加it[第三组]Ⅰ.语法填空(2018·昆明质检)Inthecl

osingceremonyoftheOlympicWinterGamesPyeongChang2018,Chinaputon“SeeYouinBeijingin2022”，directed__1__ZhangYimou.Theshowcen

teredonthetalentsofateamof24roller-skating__2__(perform)fromBeijingSportUniversity.Twoof__3__(they)dressedas“PandaCaptains”ledtheperformanc

e.TheperformancereviewedChina'sancienttimes,__4__(show)thecountry'srichculturalheritage(遗产)andsingingaboutthepresent

,aswellasthefuturethatliesahead.Inadditionto__5__(tradition)symbolsincludingtheGreatWallandluckyanimalsliketh

eChinesedragonandtheChinesephoenix,theperformancealsoshowedChina'srecentengineeringandtechnologicalachievements,suchasitswidehigh-speedrai

lnetwork__6__itsspaceprogram.Towardstheendoftheperformance,theOlympicrings__7__(rise)onthestage,aswellasimagesofagloba

lvillage,children'ssmilingfaces,olive(橄榄)branchesandplumblossoms(梅花),__8__stoodforChina'spromisetopromoteglobalpeaceandbuildabetterfutureform

ankind.Finally,theskaterstravelledapathonice__9__(draw)the“WinterDream”signoftheOlympicWinterGamesBeijing2022.Theperformance__10__(success)sentChines

epeople'sgoodwillandinvitationstotheworldforBeijing2022.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在2018年韩国平昌冬季奥运会闭幕式上，中国“2022，相约北京”的表演诠释了中国文化，传达了“北京欢

迎你”的愿望。1．by考查介词。“2022，相约北京”的表演是由张艺谋导演的，此处表示被动，所以用介词by“被，由”。2．performers考查名词。空前的roller-skating作定语修饰空处；又根据空前的ateamof24可知，

空处应填表示人的复数名词，故填performers。3．them考查代词。根据空前介词of可知，空处应用they的宾格形式，故填them。4．showing考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空处与下文的singing并列作状语，故填showing。5．traditional考查形容

词。根据空后的名词symbols可知，空前应用形容词作定语，修饰symbols，故填traditional。6．and考查连词。根据语境可知，widehigh-speedrailnetwork和spaceprogram是并列关系，对前面的achiev

ements进行举例说明，故填and。7．rose考查动词时态。通读全篇可知，闭幕式发生在过去，所以空处应该用一般过去时，故填rose。8．which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子

，并在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。9．todraw/drawing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处作状语或定语：作状语时表示目的，故填todraw；也可以理解为作apath的后置定语，故也可填drawing。

10．successfully考查副词。根据空前的“Theperformance”和空后的“sent”可知，空处应用副词作状语，修饰sent，故填successfully。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·郑州质检)HiSandra，You'llneverguessoverI'mwri

tingthisemailfromacave!We'reonholidayinSpainnow.WespentafewdaysinBarcelonafirst.It'sagreatplacebutwehadagoodti

methoughIdidn'tfeelwelloneday.Anyway,afterweleftBarcelona,wecometospendseveraldaysinGranada.Andguesswh

at?Wecouldn'tfindahotelbecausetherewerequitealotoftourist.Thensomeonesaid,“Whynottryingthecavedwellings(住宅)here？”Wethoughthewasjoking,butherewewer

ereallyinacavedwellingandit'swonderfully.Tomorrowwe'regoingtovisitapalaceinGranada.We'reenjoyingitverymuchthatwedon'twanttoleavethisa

mazedplace.We'renevergoingtohaveenoughtimeexploreeverything!Yours，Ben答案：第一句：去掉over第四句：but→and第五句：come→came第七句：tourist→touris

ts第八句：trying→try第九句：were→are;wonderfully→wonderful第十一句：very→so;amazed→amazing第十二句：time后加to[第四组]Ⅰ.语法填空LanzhoubeefnoodleisoneofChina'smostrepresen

tativeflour-madefoodswhilepasta(意大利面食)isonefamousWesternfancyfood.Anevent,“WhenLanzhoubeefnoodlemeetspasta”，__1_

_(connect)cityfoodcultures,washeldattheBeijingRitz-CarltonHoteltoshowtheinteraction.Lanzhoubeefnoodlehasahistoryof102yearsandisknownforits__2__(taste

)beefsoupandnoodle.Lanzhouisalsoqualifiedas__3__hometownofChinesebeefnoodle.__4__onemajorcityalongtheancient

SilkRoad,LanzhouhaswitnessedtheeffortsofourancestorsandtheirachievementsofdevelopingtheSilkRoad,accordingtoZhangHui,deputydirectorwiththePu

blicityDepartmentoftheCPCCommitteeofLanzhou.Lanzhou'scookingculture__5__(develop)itsowntime-honoredcharacteristicsovert

heyears.TheeventwillmakeLanzhoubeefnoodlesmellednotonlyacrossLanzhou,__6__acrosstheworldthroughtheBeltandRoadInitiativethanks

tothe__7__(participate)ofthetwocountries'noodlemasters.Itwillalsoimproveculturalexchange,Zhangadded.Lanzhoupeoplewouldliketoworkwithfri

endsathomeandabroad__8__(promote)thedevelopmentofcookingandwe__9__(sincere)hopemoreculturalexchangesofthiskind__10__(hold)inItalyan

dLanzhouinthefuture.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在一场名为“兰州牛肉拉面遇上意大利面”的城际饮食文化对接会上，这两种饮食文化进行了对话交流。1．connecting考查非谓语动词。connect与其逻辑主语event之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作

后置定语。故填connecting。2．tasty考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰名词beef，故应填形容词tasty“美味的，可口的”。3．the考查冠词。兰州也被认为中国牛肉面的故乡。此处表示特指，应用定

冠词the。4．As考查介词。作为古代丝绸之路上的一座主要城市，兰州已经见证了我们祖先的努力及其在发展丝绸之路上所取得的成就。此处应用介词As表示“作为”。5．hasdeveloped考查动词时态。这些年来，兰州的饮食文化已经发展出了它自己历史悠久的风格

。根据时间状语“overtheyears”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填hasdeveloped。6．but考查连词。该活动将不仅使兰州拉面在兰州被熟知，也会通过“一带一路”倡议被全世界的人们熟知。此处考查的是notonly...but(also)...结构，意为“不仅

……而且……”。7．participation考查名词。此处表示这两国面条大师的参与。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，此处应填名词。participation“参与”。8．topromote考查非谓语动词。兰州人民愿意与来自国内外的朋友一起来促进饮食的发展。此处在

句中作目的状语，应用不定式，故填topromote。9．sincerely考查副词。此处修饰动词应用副词。sincerely“真诚地”。10．willbeheld考查动词时态和语态。此处指希望将来会有更多这样的文化交流活动在意大利和

兰州举办。根据时间状语“inthefuture”可知，此处应用一般将来时；又因为hold与其主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填willbeheld。Ⅱ.短文改错(2018·石家庄模拟)March5thisadayinhonorofLeiFeng,whopeople

arecalledontohelpothers.Onthemorningofthatdaythisyear,ourclassmettheschoolgateandwenttoaHopePrimarySchoolbyt

hebus.Uponarrivingthere,theygaveusawarmlywelcome.Wegavethestudentssomebooks,foodorclothes.Andthen,wepla

yedseveralgamewiththemandtoldthemstories.Beforeweleave,wetookaphotowiththem.Seetheirsmilingfaces,webothfeltasenseofhappiness.Wewenthomeandpromised

togobackwheneverpossible.Howanunforgettableexperienceitwas!答案：第一句：who→when第二句：met后加at;去掉by后的the第三句：warmly→war

m第四句：or→and第五句：game→games第六句：leave→left第七句：See→Seeing;both→all第九句：How→What