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预测04阅读理解篇之观点态度题预测一观点态度题是历年高考英语阅读理解占比较小的点，包括观点和态度两个方面，属于深度理解题，重点考察学生们的理解能力以及归纳提炼能力。如下图：预测二近几年无论是全国卷还是地方卷中观点态度题出现的频率越来越低，2019年全国各地高考试卷仅有天津卷出现，而20

18年仅全国一卷出现过，此类题型在2020年的重要性及权重都将进一步减小，很有可能不出现或最多出现一题。以下为2019天津卷及2018全国一卷的体裁、话题及观点态度题的分布图：观点态度题考查学生把握作者或文中人物的态

度，思想倾向，对某个观点是赞成，反对，中立还是犹豫不决;对记述描写的人或事等是赞扬、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨等态度。考生们需要关注文章的字里行间和体现情感态度的修饰词来推断作者及文中人物的态度、思想倾向。对于观点态度类的题目，常常采用关键词句法，首先设定文章或段落的重点内容和中心思想，即：

文章或段落的开头或结尾。然后，抓住体现人物观点态度的关键句或列举的事例，同时注意流露作者思想倾向或感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词等关键词。常见的相关词汇如下：除此之外，同学们在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞，尤其注意那些

表达感情色彩的形容词，如improving,encouraging,disappointing等，以及作者对人物语言行为和思想的措词，从中领悟作者的写作态度。A（2019•天津高考题，B）Imusthavealwaysknownrea

dingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon’tremembermomr

eadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmoms

ay,"Ican’tbelievewhat’sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,"mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedt

obelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisish

oweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingj

ourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,"TheC-A-N

-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,"Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfo

undmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middlean

dhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofrea

ding.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatI’mgrowingandt

heworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,Icanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoa

wonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon’thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquet

heauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.We’retaughttoreadbecauseit’snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Rea

dingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI’vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbo

oksarelimitless.43.Whatwastheauthor’sviewonfactualreading?A.Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.B.Itwouldallowmuch

roomforfreethinking.C.Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.D.Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitude

tolife.【答案】43.C【语篇导读】本文是一篇人生百味类记叙文,作者讲述了自己的读书经历和感悟。【解析】43.本题为观点态度题。根据第四段中的"Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighsch

oolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA'sonmytest."可知,作者认为小学和中学阶段的阅读都是事实性阅读,读书是为了获取知识,考试得A。因此作者的观点其实是：事实性阅读能够提供真实的客观的信息,故选C.B（2018•新课标

全国卷I，D）Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeep

usingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuc

hmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandher

colleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitsl

ife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Deviceswere

groupedbygeneration—Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andL

CDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutourold

ones."Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVinever

yroomofthehouse,"saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.W

e'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVsw

ithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoub

lingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhap

penifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-d

emandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.32.Whatdoestheauthort

hinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.【答

案】32.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章指出纽约罗彻斯特理工学院的CallieBabbitt和她的同事研究证实：旧电子设备要比新设备耗能高，所以作者主张使用新电子设备，既经济又环保。【解析】32.观点态度题。根据文章第一段中的That’sbadnewsfortheenviro

nment–andourwallets–astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.可知，使用旧的电子设备对环境和我们的钱包都是

坏消息。这些过时的设备做相同的事情要消耗比新设备更多的能量。由此推知作者认为新电子设备环保、节能。故选A。C（2018•北京高考，D）PreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoften

seemedlikeafuturist’sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCalifo

rniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicr

oads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriv

erlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn’tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It’sha

rdtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochang

eourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Wh

ilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehicl

escanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehicl

esisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imag

ineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,enter

tainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicleto

circlethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceeven

leadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫车)services.AstudyfromtheUniversi

tyofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivin

gandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremi

ssionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hail

ingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincre

aseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabo

uthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn’textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnolo

gicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaff

ordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.50.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disappr

oving.D.Sympathetic.【答案】50.B【语篇导读】本文为议论文。文章主要讨论有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。【解析】50.观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesands

tatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming

.Wejusthavetoplanforit.中的advancement，movemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.以及planforit可推知，作者是积极的态度。故选B。点睛：根据用词风格，推断情感态度。一篇好的文章，其

用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句，进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立？对于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。D（2018•浙

江高考题，C）Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthef

irstrollingofftheassemblyline（装配线）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillion

ofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,them

otel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.

Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endingint

erstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith―achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.‖Sincethe

n,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialThecarsthatdrovetheAmerican

Dreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Thep

roblemsofexcessive(过度的)energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAme

ricanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(经济)isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.―

Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecu

rrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.‖30.WhatisFriedman’sattitudetowardsAmerica’sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopef

ul.D.Tolerant.【答案】30.C【语篇导读】文章讲述了汽车在美国经济和文化上的重要作用，也指出了汽车带来的环境问题。【解析】30.观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.和最后一段中的

Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.可见，Friedman虽然对未来担心，但抱有最好的希望，他指出了发展绿色经济是保持美国实力的一个机会

的想法。可见Friedman对未来是充满希望的，故选C。E（2017•新课标全国卷II，C）TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascomplete

ditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle-nam

edtheTransition–hastwoseats，fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,

400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandbums5gallonsperhourint

heair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikel

yriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtoc

ost$279,000.Anditwon’thelpifyou’restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMan

n,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermitte

dthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrash

teststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration’sdecisionfiveyearsag

otocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthosepilotsoflargerplanesTerrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedto

passatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.30.Whatisthegovernment’

sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.CautiousB.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.【答案】B【语篇导读】这是一篇新闻报道,介绍

Terrafugia公司研发的可飞行汽车已经通过第一次试飞并有望明年上市。【解析】本题为态度观点题。cautious谨慎的;favorable支持的;ambiguous模棱两可的;disapproving不赞同的。根据第三

段.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTr

ansitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.可知政府已经允许该公司使用特殊材料来让这种车辆飞行更容易。Transition现在正在进

行碰撞测试来满足联邦安全标准。所以政府的态度是支持的。故选B.A(2020年河南省六市高考第一次模拟D)Althoughthereisgrowingresearchintothenegativeeffectthatscreen-ba

sedtechnologycanhaveonwell-being(健康),thetricktechnologycompanieshavesomehowplayedisthattheyhavemadeitourproblem,

nottheirs.Forexample,itisridiculousthatweblameyoungpeopleforbeingaddictedtotheirappswhenthesimpletruthisthattheyaredes

ignedtobeaddictive.Intheworldofapps,addictioniswhatbringsinmoney.Whetheryourunavideoservice,anewssiteoramobilegame,certainlyyourpro

ductwillhaveaneffectonthementalhealthofyourusers-negativeorpositive.Butthesadrealityisthatifyouarenotoptimizingthateff

ect,ittendstobeformer.Thereasonwhysomuchtechnologydoesn’tsupportwell-beingwasnoconsiderationinitsdesign.Animportantareaforimprovementisnotificati

ons(通知).Notificationsareagreatexampleofafeaturethat’sgreatfortheproductbutbadfortheusers,sincenotonlydotheymakeuslessfocusedbuttheyalsocausean

xietyaboutthethingswe’vemissed,asymptomofaddiction.Thereisverylittlegoodaboutaninboxicon(收件箱图标)showingabrightredcircl

ewithahighnumberonit.Notificationscanbemadefriendlierbynotshowingtheminrealtime.Oneideaistoshowthelevelofunreadmessagesthroughthewei

ghtoftheappname.Soifyouhadlotsofemails,yourMailappwouldbeverybold(粗体的),butifyoudidn’thaveany,itwouldbelighte

r.Inthisway,lessattentionwillberequired.Thoughitsoundschallenging,finallymoneywilltalk.Itispossibletomakechan

gestoproductsthatdon’tdamagetheirprimaryincomemodels.Changescouldbemadethathelpusfeelbetteraboutourselves.Whenacompanybecomesmorewe

ll-being-positive,theyaddacompetitivedifferenceandbecomemoreattractive.32.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraph?A.Youngpeop

lecanbetrickedeasily.B.Screen-basedtechnologyisnegative.C.Theaddictionproblemcan’tbesolved.D.Techcompaniesaretoblameforaddiction.33

.Iftheusersdon’timprovetheeffectonwell-being,ittendstobe________.A.indifferentB.optimisticC.pessimisticD.interesting34.Howcanthea

ppsreducethenegativeeffectsaccordingtotheauthor?A.Byremovingtheinboxicon.B.Bylimitingpeople’sscreentime.C.Bymakingnotificat

ionslesseye-catching.D.Byinformingtheusersofmessagesinnotime.35.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofwell-being-positivecompanies?A.Theywillenjoytheben

efitfinally.B.Theywillhaveanuncertainfuture.C.Theywilldogoodtotheminority.D.Theywillchangeincomemodels.【答案】DCCA【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。针对基于屏幕的技术可能会对用户的健康产生负

面影响这个现象，作者指出要优化产品的设计并提出了一些改进的建议。作者认为当一个公司变得更加积极乐观时，他们会增加竞争的差异，变得更有吸引力。【解析】32.本题为推理判断题。根据第一段中Forexample,itisridiculoust

hatweblameyoungpeopleforbeingaddictedtotheirappswhenthesimpletruthisthattheyaredesignedtobeaddictive.Intheworldofapps,addictioni

swhatbringsinmoney.例如，我们责怪年轻人沉迷于他们的应用软件是荒谬的，而简单的事实是，软件的设计是让人上瘾的。在应用软件的世界里，上瘾能带来金钱。可知，科技公司是上瘾的罪魁祸首。故选D项。33.本题为细节理解题。根据第二段中Whetheryourunavideoservice,a

newssiteoramobilegame,certainlyyourproductwillhaveaneffectonthementalhealthofyourusers-negativeorpositive.Butthesadrealityisthatifyo

uarenotoptimizingthateffect,ittendstobeformer.无论你运行的是视频服务、新闻网站还是手机游戏，你的产品肯定会对你的用户的心理健康产生影响——无论是消极的还是积极的。但可悲的现实是，如果你不优化

这种效果，它往往是前者。可知，如果使用者不改善对健康的影响，它往往是悲观的。故选C项。34.本题为推理判断题。根据第三段中Notificationsareagreatexampleofafeaturethat’sgreatfortheproductbutbadfortheusers,sincen

otonlydotheymakeuslessfocusedbuttheyalsocauseanxietyaboutthethingswe’vemissed,asymptomofaddiction.Thereisverylittleg

oodaboutaninboxicon(收件箱图标)showingabrightredcirclewithahighnumberonit.通知功能是一个很好的例子，它对产品有好处，但对用户有坏处，因为它不仅让我们注意力不集中，还会让我们对错过的东西感到焦虑，这是上瘾的症状。收

件箱图标显示一个亮红色的圆圈，上面的数字很高，这没什么好处。可知，作者认为通过降低通知的醒目程度，应用软件可以减少负面影响。故选C项。35.本题为态度观点题。根据最后一段中Whenacompanybecomesmorewell-being-positive,theya

ddacompetitivedifferenceandbecomemoreattractive.当一个公司变得更加积极乐观时，他们会增加竞争的差异，变得更有吸引力。可知，作者认为积极向上的公司最终会享受到好处。故选A项。B(湖南省郴州市高三第二次教学质量监测，B)Go.Sto

p.Go.Stop.Thetravelsignalsinmyheadwereconflicting.―AreyousureyouwanttoheadtoGreecethisNovemberwithKathleen?‖askedmyhusband.―The

weathercouldbeunpleasant.‖―Youmustgo,‖saidmyfriendLarry,whotalkedabouthavingspentThanksgivingonSantorini.―It’sawonderland.‖W

ithhisencouragingwords,IbookedourflightstoAthensandincludedtwoGreekislands:SantoriniandGrete.AsunnySaturdayafternoonwelcomedustoEleftheriosVen

izelosAirportinAthens.DuringthenextfewdaysKathleenandItriedalotofunknown-to-usfoods.Noannoyinglinesof

touristseitheraswesawsightsontheAthens―A‖list.AndthencameWednesday.TheflighttoSantoriniwasyo-yoedbyw

indgustsofupto40milesanhour.Fira,usuallyamuch-photographedtouristdestination,waschilly,rainy...empty.

Withrainbeatingourfaces,KathleenandIheadedforourhotelandcheckedinforathree-nightstay.―Thisisn’thowIwanttospendmyholiday,‖saidKathleen.―MaybeCreteis

n’texperiencingthesamestorm.Canweflyoutlatertoday?‖Herquestionmirroredmyownthoughts.Butwecouldn’tleave.We’djustarrived.Paymentsforthehote

landrentalcarwouldbelost,andcostlylast-minuteplanereservationsneeded.―Let’snotdeciderightnow,‖Isuggested.Duringthe

nextfewdays,wedrovearounddespitetheshowers.AtarestaurantnamedPoseidon,onourthirdnight,wewaitedandwaitedfordinner.―Yourdinnerwillbeoutshortly.Thec

hefwasbusystudyingsomethingbeautiful,‖ourwaiterexplained.Seeingourpuzzledlook,thewaiterthensaid,―Hewentoutforasm

oke,sawabeautifulgirlandbegantochat…‖Suddenly,Kathleenlaughed.Insteadofcomplaining,sheleanedbackandou

tcamealoud,happysound.Anattitudeadjustmentintograce,Irealized,hadbeenhappeningsinceourarrival.―Youknow,Mum,youcan’tli

veapositivelifewithanegativemind,‖shesaid.Gracesurroundsus.Thechallengeistoletgoofanxietiesandworries,thetenden

cytocomplain.Asunnyattitudecanletgraceshine.4.Whatdidtheauthor’shusbandthinkabouthertriptoGreece?A.Itwaspleasant.B.Itwasill-advised.

C.Itwouldbecostly.D.Itwouldbeeye-opening.5.Howweretheauthor’sfirstfewdaysinGreece?A.Delightful.B.Busy.C.Struggling.D.Annoying.6.Whydidtheaut

horinsistontheirstayinginSantorini?A.Towaitforsunnydays.B.Toavoidwastingmoney.C.Toenjoytheoff-season.D.Todeeplyexploretheplace.7.W

hatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingherexperience?A.Theroleofgrace.B.Thebenefitsoftravelling.C.Thepowerofpositivethinking.D.Theimp

ortanceofunderstanding.【答案】BABC【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者和女儿去希腊旅游，后几天遭遇坏天气，但积极思考让她们摆脱了坏心情。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：我们不要带着消极的思想过积极的生活，我们所面临的挑战是要放弃焦虑和忧虑，放弃抱怨。阳光的态度可以让优雅

发光。【解析】4.本题为观点态度题。根据第一段中的―AreyousureyouwanttoheadtoGreecethisNovemberwithKathleen?‖askedmyhusband.―Theweathercouldbeunpleasant.‖可知，―你确定今年11

月要和凯萨琳一起去希腊吗？‖我丈夫问。―天气可能不太好。‖由此推知，丈夫认为11月她去希腊旅游的决定是不明智的。故选B。5.本题为推理判断题。根据第四段中的AsunnySaturdayafternoonwelcomedustoEleftheriosVenizelosAirportinAth

ens.DuringthenextfewdaysKathleenandItriedalotofunknown-to-usfoods.NoannoyinglinesoftouristseitheraswesawsightsontheAthens―A‖list.可知，一个晴朗的周六下午，我们来到了雅

典的EleftheriosVenizelos机场。在接下来的几天里，凯萨琳和我尝试了许多不知名的美国食物。当我们看到雅典―A‖名单上的景点时，也没有恼人的游客队伍。由此可知，作者和女儿旅游的前几天是愉快的。故

选A。6.本题为细节理解题。根据第七段中的Butwecouldn’tleave.We’djustarrived.Paymentsforthehotelandrentalcarwouldbelost,andcostlylast-minuteplaner

eservationsneeded.可知，但是我们不能离开。我们刚刚到达。酒店和租车的费用将被取消，最后一刻的昂贵机票预订也将被取消。由此可知，作者坚持呆在Santorini是为了避免浪费钱。故选B。7.本题为

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的―Youknow,Mum,youcan’tliveapositivelifewithanegativemind,‖shesaid.(―你知道，妈妈，你不可能带着消极的思想过着积极的生活，‖她说)及最后一段中的Gracesurround

sus.Thechallengeistoletgoofanxietiesandworries,thetendencytocomplain.Asunnyattitudecanletgraceshine.(优雅地包围着我们。我们所面临的挑战是要放弃焦虑和忧虑，放弃抱怨的倾向。一个阳光的态度可

以让优雅发光)可知，作者通过自己旅游时遭遇坏天气坏心情，积极思考让女儿和自己高兴的经历，告诉我们积极思考的力量。故选C。C(2020年湖南省三湘名校高三第二次大联考，D)ADutchcompanyhasdevel

opedtechnologytofollowthemovementsandactivitiesofcows.Thehigh-techsystem,poweredbyAIandmotionsensors,iscalled―TheInt

elligentDairyFarmer’sAssistant.‖Thecompany,Connecterra,launchedthesystemintheUnitedStatesinDecemberafterseveralyearsoftestingandoperatio

nsinEurope.Adeviceisputaroundtheneckofthecowtorecorditsmovements.Thisinformationisthenprocessedbyacompute

rthatusesAItolearnabouttheanimal’sbehaviorovertime.Thesystemcantellfarmerswhatthecowisdoinginrealtime.Thisinformationcanhelppredictwhencattl

egetsick,becomelessproductiveorarereadyformating.RichardWatsonownstheSevenOaksDairyinWaynesboro,Georgia.HewasoneofthefirstAmericanfarmerstouset

hehigh-techsystem.―Itcanpickupwhetherthecowiseating,whetheritiswalking,whetheritisdrinking,whetheritislayingdown,standingup.‖Watso

nsaidthesystemisabighelpbecauseitisimpossibleforfarmerstokeepupwiththeactivitiesofeachcowindividually.Headdedthathavingacomputerid

entifywhichofhis2,000cattleneedattentioncouldhelpimprovefarmproductivitybyupto10percent.Heestimatesthi

sdifferencecouldgreatlyincreasehisprofits.―Justa10percentorfivepercentincrease,orimprovementinproductivity,meanshundredsofthousand

sofdollarstous,asidefromthefactthatwejustwanthappierandhealthierandmorewelfareinouranimals,anyway.‖Thef

ounderandheadofConnecterraisYasirKhokhar.HesaystheideaforthesystemcamewhilehewaslivingonadairyfarmsouthofAmsterdam.―Itturnso

utthetechnologyfarmersuseisreallyoutdatedinmanyaspects,‖KhokhartoldtheAssociatedPress.Headdedthatmostoft

hetechnologythatdoesexistisdifficulttouse.Hesaysmodernagriculturegreatlyneedsnewtechnologylikethis.Thecompanysaysinformationaboutthecowscanb

ecollectedandseenonacellphoneorothermobiledevice.Atextmessagecanalsoinformfarmersofconcernsinvolvingtheanimals.32.Howdoes―theIntelligentDairyFarmer’

sAssistant‖helpfarmers?A.Bygivingalarmstofarmers.B.Byfocusingfarmers’attentiononcattle.C.Bysendingreal-timeinformation

aboutcowstofarmers.D.Bytellingfarmerswhichcowislessproductiveorreadytomate.33.What’sWatson’sattitudetowardsthehigh-techsystem?A.Indifferent.B.Neu

tral.C.Passive.D.Confident.34.WhydidKhokharcomeupwiththeideaofthehightechsystem?A.Becauseheoncelivedonadiaryfarm.B.Becausesomeagricultura

ltechnologieswereoutofdate.C.Becausehewantedtoincreasetheincomeoffarmers.D.Becausesomefarmingsystemsturnedouttobeafailure.35.Whatdoesthepassagemainly

talksabout?A.ModernagricultureinAmerica.B.Waysofraisingcowsmoreefficiently.C.ADutchcompanyknownasahigh-t

echsystem.D.―SmartFarm‖technologytrackingbehaviorofcows.【答案】CDBD【语篇导读】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了一家荷兰公司开发出了跟踪奶牛运动和活动的一项技术，由人工智能和运动传感器驱动的

高科技系统被称为―智能奶农的助手‖。文章说明了这套系统的工作原理，以及人们对此的评价和看法，以及创始人开发这套系统的原因。【解析】32.本题为细节理解题。根据第二段中Adeviceisputaroundtheneckofthecowtorecorditsmovement

s.ThisinformationisthenprocessedbyacomputerthatusesAItolearnabouttheanimal’sbehaviorovertime.Thesystemc

antellfarmerswhatthecowisdoinginrealtime.可知一个装置被套在牛的脖子上以记录它的运动。这些信息随后被一台电脑处理，该电脑利用人工智能来了解动物的行为。该系统可以实时告诉农民奶牛在做什么。由此可知，―智能奶农助手‖通

过向农民发送关于奶牛的实时信息来帮助奶农。故选C。33.本题为推理判断题。根据第五段中Watsonsaidthesystemisabighelpbecauseitisimpossibleforfarmerstokeepupwiththeactivitiesofeachcowind

ividually.可知Watson说，这个系统帮助很大，因为农民不可能跟上每头奶牛的活动。由此可推知，Watson认为这个系统帮助很大，对其很有信心。故选D。34.本题为细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中―

Itturnsoutthetechnologyfarmersuseisreallyoutdatedinmanyaspects,‖KhokhartoldtheAssociatedPress.可知―事实证明，农民使用的技术在很多方面确实过时了，‖Khokhar告诉美联

社。由此可知，Khokhar提出了这个高科技系统的想法是因为一些农业技术已经过时了。故选B。35.本题为主旨大意题。根据第一段中ADutchcompanyhasdevelopedtechnologytofollowthe

movementsandactivitiesofcows.Thehigh-techsystem,poweredbyAIandmotionsensors,iscalled―TheIntelligentDairyFarmer’sAssistant.‖可知一家荷兰公司已经开发出跟

踪牛的运动和活动的技术。这个由人工智能和运动传感器驱动的高科技系统被称为―智能奶农助手‖。结合文章还说明了这套系统的工作原理，以及人们对此的评价和看法，以及创始人开发这套系统的原因。所以短文主要是关于―智能农场‖技术跟踪奶牛的行为。故选D。D(2020年湖南省三湘名

校高三第二次大联考，A)Inthelast50years,seasurfacetemperaturesaroundAntarcticahaverisenby1-2°C,whichismorethantwicetheglobalaverage.

LossofspeciesGlobalwarmingcouldbasicallychangetheecosystem,leadingtothelossofsomespecies.SharksaregoingtoarriveinAnt

arcticaaslongasthewarmingtrendcontinues,abitmoreslowlythancrabs-crabsaregoingtogettherefirst,butoncetheydogettheretheyareabletoeattheorganismsthatliv

ethere.ProfessorWilgasaidthearrivalofsharksandshell-crushingbonyfisheswouldleadtogreatchangesinthenumberandproportions(比例)ofspe

ciesfoundthere.Shrimp,ribbonwormsandbrittlestarsarelikelytobethemostattackabletopopulationdeclines.An

imalslivinginshallowwaterinAntarcticaareuniqueonEarthtodaybecausetheyevolved(进化)inaverycoldenvironmentovertensofmillionso

fyears.ExtremeconditionsInthecourseofaprocesswecallAntarcticcoolingthatstartedabout40millionyearsago,allmajorseafloorpredatorss

uchassharksandcrabswentextinctinAntarcticabecausetheywerenotabletodealwiththeseextremeconditions.However,todayglobalwarmingisremov

ingbarrierstoinvasionsandwe’veseenrecentlythatcrabs,especiallykingcrabs,areonthedoorstepofAntarctica-theycanpotentiallyre-invadeth

eshallowwatersifwarmingcontinues.Urgentlocalandglobalactionsareneededtoprotectthislastenvironmentandmeas

uresareneededtostopalienspeciesbeingbroughtinthroughships.StrangecreaturesAnimalsthatliveontheseafloorofAntarct

icaaresomeofthestrangestcreaturesonEarth.Theextremecoldanddarknesshaspresentedhugechallengestomarinelifeoverthepassageoftime,leadingtotheevolutionoff

ishequippedwithanti-freezeproteinsintheirblood.21.HowwillthesealienspeciesaffecttheecosysteminAntarctica?A.Theywillchangetheextremelycoldco

nditionsinAntarctica.B.TheywillchangethenumbersandproportionsofspeciesinAntarctica.C.TheseasurfacetemperatureofAntarcticawillrisemorequ

ickly.D.ThenumberofshrimpandribbonwormswillincreaseinAntarctica.22.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthealienspecies’invasiontoAntarctica?

A.Worried.B.Doubtful.C.Satisfied.D.Excited.23.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.CreaturesinAntarctica

AreUniqueB.TheExtremeConditionsinAntarcticaC.AlienSpeciesAreNotFoundinAntarcticaD.AlienSpeciesMayChangeAntarctic

Ecosystem【答案】BAD【语篇导读】【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在过去的50年里，南极洲周围的海洋表面温度上升了1-2摄氏度，是全球平均水平的两倍多。这导致南极许多物种消失，而一些其他外来物种的到来可能会

改变南极海洋生态系统。21.本题为细节理解题。根据文章Lossofspecies部分中ProfessorWilgasaidthearrivalofsharksandshell-crushingbonyfisheswouldleadtogreatchangesint

henumberandproportions(比例)ofspeciesfoundthere.可知Wilga教授说，鲨鱼和甲壳类硬骨鱼的到来将导致那里的物种数量和比例的发生巨大变化。由此可知，外来物种将将改变南极洲物种的数量和比例，从而影响南极洲的生态系统。故选B。22.观点态度题。根

据倒数第二段Urgentlocalandglobalactionsareneededtoprotectthislastenvironmentandmeasuresareneededtostopalienspeciesbeingbroughtinthroughsh

ips.可知需要采取紧急的地方和全球行动来保护这最后的环境，需要采取措施来阻止通过船只带来的外来物种。以及全文中作者介绍和议论外来物种侵入南极海洋的后果。由此可推知，作者对此感到担忧。故选A。23.本题为标题选择题

。根据第二段Globalwarmingcouldbasicallychangetheecosystem,leadingtothelossofsomespecies.SharksaregoingtoarriveinAntarcticaaslongasthe

warmingtrendcontinues,abitmoreslowlythancrabs-crabsaregoingtogettherefirst,butoncetheydogettheretheyareabletoeattheorganismsthatliv

ethere.可知全球变暖基本上会改变生态系统，导致一些物种的消失。只要气候变暖的趋势继续下去，鲨鱼就会到达南极洲，比螃蟹要慢一点——螃蟹会先到达那里，但一旦它们到了那里，它们就能吃掉生活在那里的生物。结合文章主要说明

了在过去的50年里，南极洲周围的海洋表面温度上升了1-2摄氏度，是全球平均水平的两倍多。这导致南极许多物种消失，而一些其他外来物种的到来可能会改变南极海洋生态系统。故D选项―外来物种可能改变南极的生态系统‖符合文章标题。故选D。E(

浙江省2019届高三英语高考模拟卷(四)，C)ThenationalenvironmentalwatchdoghasdeclaredthatboostingeffortstocutairpollutioninnorthernChina

,especiallywintersmogfromtheburningofcoal,isamissionforthisyear.Burningcoalforwinterheatinghasbeenlistedasoneoftheprimarycause

sofairpollution,ChenJining,ministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidonMondayattheannualmeetingonenvironmentalprotectioninBeijing."Asmuchas60percentofsm

ogcontentiscausedbycoalburninginthestartingphaseofeachsmog",saidFangLi,anofficialwithBejing'sEnvironmentalProtectionBureau.

Therefore,Beiinghasdeclaredthatitwillwipeoutcoaluseinitsmostruralareasby2020.Tostartwith,Beijingwillreplacecoal-firedheatingstoveswiththosepo

weredbyelectricityorgasin400villagesthisyear,beforetakingthecampaigntothedistrictsofChaoyang,Haidian,FengtaiandShijingshanby2017,saidGuoZihua

,amunicipalruraldevelopmentofficial.Beijing'sdowntowndistrictsofDongchengandXichengeliminatedcoalburninglastyear,of

ficialssaid.ThecapitalandotherplacesinnorthernChinaexperiencedseveralsmogalertsinNovemberandDecember,whenpeakread

ingsweremanytimeshigherthanthenationalsafetylevel.Obviously,thesituationisdeteriorating,andwillbecomeanorm.Sothegovernmentcam

eupwitha"smogsubsidy(津贴)‖forthosewhoworkoutdoors,and95percentoftherespondentstoasurveysupportit.TheTradeUnioni

nZhengzhouCitysurveyedsubscriberstoitsofficialWeChataccountandfoundthat88percentofnearly400respondentssaidpriorityshouldbegi

ventooutdoorworkersonsmoggydaysBut9percentsaidairpollutionaffectseveryonesoitwouldbeunfairtoonlyaddresstheconcernsofpeoplewhoworkoutdoors.Overhalfo

ftherespondentsthinktheextrasubsidy,ifapplied,couldcomeintheformofprotectivetoolsorcash.Twenty-twopercentsaidmoneyistheea

siestway.Tofinancetheproposedsubsidy,53percentthinkthegovernmentandcompaniesshouldjointlypaythebill,whil

e44percentsaidcentralandregionalgovernmentsshouldberesponsible.27.Whatcanweinferfromthe"Nocoalby2020‖strategy?A.Chinawillwipeou

tcoaluseinmostruralareasby2020.B.Bejing'sEnvironmentalProtectionBureauputitforward.C.Coal-firedheatingischeaperthanelectricityorgasheating.D.

CoalburninginBeijingismostlyconcentratedinruralareas.28.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.60percentofdustiscausedbycoalburning.B.Wh

etherthe"smogsubsidy"policycanbecarriedouthasn'tbeendecided.C.TheTradeUnionsurveyed400Zhengzhoucitiz

ens.D.Thereare6districtsinBejjingwherepeopleburncoal.29.Howmanyrespondentsthinkit'sbettertopaythesubsidyby

money?A.About35.B.About90.C.About200.D.About350.30.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthe"smogsubsidy"?A.Supportive.B.Disapprovi

ng.C.Objective.D.Uncertain.【答案】【语篇导读】本文是一篇科普环保类说明文，由于雾霾天气越来越严重北京市决定采取措施在2020年前要实现农村―无煤化‖.同时,出于对空气污染日趋严重而且很难彻底消除的考虑政府计划推出―雾霾津贴‖,来给户外工作者一些补偿。【解析】27.考查

推理判断。根据第二段中的"Beijinghasdeclaredthatitwillwipeoutcoaluseinitsmostruralareasby2020."可知是在2020年之前北京实现农村无煤化而不是整个中国,排除A项;文中并没有说明是哪个部门门提出的此项战略,排

除B项;C项文中也没有提及故排除;根据第二段中的"itwillwipeoutcoaluseinitsmostruralareasby2020‖以及第三段中的"Beijingwillreplacecoal-firedheatingst

oveswiththosepoweredbyelectricityorgasin400villages"可知烧煤主要集中在农村地区。故选D.28.考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"thegovernmentcameupwitha'smogsubsidy(津贴)"‖以及下文做的一些调

查可知,―雾霾津贴‖的举措只是由政府提出，最终能否被实施还没有确定。故B项正确。根据第二段的内容可知百分之六十的烟雾是在燃烧煤炭的开始阶段产生的，而不是百分之六十的灰尘是由燃煤引起的,故排除A项:根据倒数第二段的首句可知将近400的市民不一定全是郑州市民,故C项不正确;根据第三段的内容

可知D项也不符合文意,故也应排除。故选B.29.考查推理判断。根据最后--段中的"Twenty-twopercentsaidmoneyistheeasiestway"可知400x22%=88,最接近90,故选B.30.考查观点态度。本文作者只是客观地介绍了―雾霾津贴

‖的一些情况以及人们对它的一些看法没有夹杂任何感情色彩和偏向性。故选C。