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押题精选02阅读理解说明文Passage1SpaceXwillsoonhaveawholefleetofshinysilverStarshipprototypes(原型),ifallgoesaccordingtotheplan.ElonMuskgavehisannualupdateaboutSta

rshipandSuperHeavy,thereusablespaceshipandrocket,respectively,thatthecompanyisbuildingtohelpcolonizeMars.Thepres

entationtookplaceatSpaceXsSouthTexassiteandfeaturedthe165-foot-tallStarshipMkl-thefirstfull-sizeStarshippr

ototype,whoseassembly(组装)wascompletedjustdaysbeforeMusk'stalk.SpaceXaimstolaunchthestainless-steelMk1onanuncrewed,12-mile-hightestflightint

henextmonthortwo,Musksaid.Andamuchmoreambitiousjourneyshouldfollowinrelativelyshortorder.“Imean,thisisgoingtosoundtotallyunrealistic,butIth

inkwewanttotrytoreachorbitinlessthansixmonths.”ButtheMk1won'tmakethatmilestoneflight.ThathonourwillbelikelytogotoMk4orMk5Sta

rshipversion,Muskadded.StarshipMk2isalreadyunderconstructionandshouldbefinishedwithinthenextcoupleofmonthsatmost.SpaceXplanstobegi

nbuildingtheMk3atBocaChicainaboutamonth,andthatprototypewilllikelybereadytoflyaboutthreemonthsfromnow.TheMk4willtakeshapeinFloridashor

tlyafterthat-anditcouldendupbeingthefirstStarshipvehicletocircleEarth.LikemostofMusk'splans,theseconstructionschedulesarequit

eambitious.SpaceXspentalotoftimeontheMk1,afterall;constructionworkonthatvehiclegoesallthewaybacktoatleastDecember2018.But

thecompanyhaslearnedalotduringthetime,sogettingaStarshiptoorbitbythespringof2020shouldbeachievable,Mustsaid.TheMk1andMk2Starshipsareequippedwi

ththreeofSpaceX‟snext-generationRaptorengines.VersionsstartingwithMk3,however,willbepoweredbysixRaptors,justli

kethefinal,operationalStarship,whichMuskhassaidwillbecapableofcarryingupto100passengers.AtpresentSpaceXisbuildingoneR

aptoreveryeighttotendaysbutshouldpickupthepaceobviouslyinthecomingmonths.TherecordwillskyrocketwhenSpace

XstartsbuildingtheSuperHeavy,whichwon'thappenuntilStarshipMk4isdone.ThegoalistogettooneRaptorperdayby

early2020atthelatest.ThefinalStarshipcouldtaketotheskiesverysoon,ifthetestingcampaigncontinuestogowell.AndJapanesebillionaireYusakuMaezawahasb

ookedacrewedflightaroundthemoonaboardthesystem,withatargetlaunchdateof2023.12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheStarshipMk1?A.Itisanimaginarypassenger-carryingve

hicle.B.Itisanunmannedreusablelargespaceship.C.Itisascaled-downversionofSuperHeavy.D.Itisastainless-ste

elspaceshipunderconstruction.13.HowwillMk5bepoweredaccordingtothetext?A.BythreeofSpaceX'snextgenerationRaptorengines.B.ByfourofSpaceX'snext-genera

tionRaptorengines.C.ByfiveofSpaceX'snext-generationRaptorengines.D.BysixofSpaceXsnext-generationRaptoreng

ines.14.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMk4comparedwiththeformerStarships?A.Itwilltakeupto100passengerstospace.B.Itisthefirsttomak

eatestflightorbitingMars.C.Ithasbeenunderconstructionforaboutoneyear.D.ItisexpectedtogointoEarth'sorbitbeforelong.15.WhyisYusak

uMaezawamentionedinthelastparagraph?A.TheprojectofSpaceXispromising.B.Spaceexplorationhascaughtonworldwide.C.SpaceXtakes

theleadintheaerospacefield.D.Morefinancialsupportisdesperatelyneeded.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了SpaceX很快就会拥有一整支闪亮的银色星际飞船原型舰队，ElonMusk在他的年度报告中分别介绍了

该公司为帮助开拓火星而建造的星际飞船和超重型，以及可重复使用的宇宙飞船和火箭。文章详细介绍了星际飞船系列飞船的计划和配置情况。12.B细节理解题。根据第一段中ElonMuskgavehisannualupdateaboutStarshipandSuperHeavy,th

ereusablespaceshipandrocket,respectively,thatthecompanyisbuildingtohelpcolonizeMars.Thepresentationtookplacea

tSpaceXsSouthTexassiteandfeaturedthe165-foot-tallStarshipMkl-thefirstfull-sizeStarshipprototype,whoseassem

blywascompletedjustdaysbeforeMusk'stalk.可知ElonMusk在他的年度报告中分别介绍了该公司为帮助开拓火星而建造星际飞船和超重型，以及可重复使用的宇宙飞船和火箭。发布会

在SpaceX公司的南德克萨斯基地举行，展示了165英尺高的星际飞船Mkl，这是第一艘全尺寸的星际飞船原型，它的组装工作在马斯克演讲前几天完成。以及第二段中SpaceXaimstolaunchthestainless-steelMk1onanuncrewed,12-mile-high

testflightinthenextmonthortwo,Musksaid.可知马斯克表示，SpaceX的目标是在未来一两个月里，在无人驾驶的12英里高空试飞不锈钢Mk1。由此可知，星际飞船Mk1是一艘无人驾驶可重复使用的大型宇宙飞船。故选B。13.D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中Vers

ionsstartingwithMk3,however,willbepoweredbysixRaptors,justlikethefinal,operationalStarship,whichMuskhassaidwillbecapableofcarr

yingupto100passengers.可知然而，从Mk3开始之后的版本，将由6架猛禽提供动力，就像最后一艘投入使用的星际飞船一样。马斯克曾表示，这艘飞船最多可以搭载100名乘客。由此可知，SpaceX公司的下一代猛禽发动机为Mk5提供动力。故选D。14.D细节理解题。根

据第三段中TheMk4willtakeshapeinFloridashortlyafterthat-anditcouldendupbeingthefirstStarshipvehicletocircleEarth.可知在那之后不久，Mk4将在佛罗里达州成形——它可能最终成为第一艘环绕地球的星

际飞船。由此可知，与以前的星际飞船相比，Mk4不久就会进入地球轨道。故选D。15.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中ThefinalStarshipcouldtaketotheskiesverysoon,ifthetestingcampaigncon

tinuestogowell.可知如果测试活动继续顺利进行，最终的星际飞船可能很快升空。由此可推知，最后一段提到YusakuMaezawa的目的是为了表明SpaceX的项目是很有希望的。故选A。Passage2S

olarpowerishelpingbringaboutafutureofcleanerenergy,buttherearelimitstowhererigidsolarpanels(刚性太阳能电池板)can

go.Anewkindofsolarcellmadewithamineralcalledperovskite(钙钛矿)cangoalmostanywhere,saysphysicistOlgaMalinkiewicz.Wecanuseperovskitecellsonthe

surfacesofthebuilding,ontheroofsofthebuildings,ontheroofsofthecarsandontheelectronicdevices.Wecanuseitonthesails.Wecanuseitintheball

s,tentsandunlimitedapplications.Malinkiewiczsaysperovskitehasbecomeafavoriteamongsolarpanelresearchers.Becauseitcanbeprinted,everyonecanuseitone

verysurface.Malinkiewiczdevelopedawaytoprintperovskitepanelslikeaninkjetprinter.Sheco-foundedacompanytoproducethem,calledSoleilTechnologies,

aftertheBalticsungoddess.ConstructioncompanySkanskaistestingthepanelsattheirWarsawheadquarters.AdamTargo

wskiissustainable(可持续的)developmentmanagerforSkanska.Theyworkperfectly,evenwhentheyarenotwellexposedtosunlight.Sowecanusetheminallsurfa

cesofthebuilding.Soleilcalculatesthataboutonesquaremeterofpanelcansupplyaday‟sworthofpowerforoneworker‟scomputerandlights.Andtheykeepgetti

ngbetterasresearchcontinues,saysthecompany‟sscientificdirectorKonradWojciechowski.Forothertechnologies,ittookdecadestoreallyentermarkets.P

erovskitehasbeenaroundonlyforfewyearsinscientificresearch,sothereisstillalottobedone,butpotentialisbasicallyprettymuchunlimit

ed,Ithink.Therearestilldurabilityandotherproblemstoworkout,butseveralcompaniesexpecttohaveperovskitepanelsonthemarketthis

year.12.Whatdoweknowaboutperovskitesolarcellfromthefirstparagraph?A.It‟sdelicate.B.It‟scomplex.C.It‟sflexible.D.It‟sex

pensive.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.SkanskaandAdamTargowski.B.Malinkiew

iczandSkanska.C.SoleilTechnologies.D.Perovskitepanels.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Itneedsyearstoputperovskitepanelsintoma

rkets.B.Scientiststhinkperovskitepanelsarereadyformarkets.C.Perovskitehasbeenstudiedfordecades.D.Perovskitepanelswillsoonbes

eeninthemarket.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowtouseperovskitepanels.B.Tointroduceperovskitepanels.C.Toadvertiseanewsola

rpowercell.D.Toproposescientiststofurtherstudyperovskietcells.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前

景。12.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Anewkindofsolarcellmadewithamineralcalledperovskitecangoalmostanywhere”可知，钙钛矿太阳能电池没有安装位置的限制，由此可知它具有灵活性，

故C项正确。13.D词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Malinkiewiczdevelopedawaytoprintperovskitepanelslikeaninkjetprinter.”可知，Malinkiewicz发明了一种打印钙钛矿电池板的方法，就像喷墨打印机一样，这类钙钛矿电池板特别好用

，不管是否完全暴置于日光下都很好用，由此可知they指代的就是前面提到的钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。14.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“butseveralcompaniesexpecttohaveperovs

kitepanelsonthemarketthisyear.”可知，一些公司已经打算今年在市场上出售钙钛矿电池板了，由此可知，很快就能在市场上看到钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。15.B主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第

一段中的“Anewkindofsolarcellmadewithamineralcalledperovskite(钙钛矿)cangoalmostanywhere”可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板，故B项正确。Passa

ge3WanderingtheBritishMuseum,youcanseesomeofthefinestobjectsevercreatedbyhumanhands.Butsomeofourmostpreciousobjectsarethingsthatwereoncethro

wnaway.Today,theyhavebecomeinvaluabletoolsforlearningaboutthepast.OndisplayinRoom3,Disposable?exhibi

tsagroupofobjects:findsfromStapleHowe,asettlementsometimebetween700BCand450BC.Thesepotpieces,animalbones,andtoolswerecas

tasidewhentheywerenolongeruseful.Thousandsofyearslatertheyallowustostudythepeoplewhomade,used,andthrewthemaway.FromStapleHo

we‟srubbishweknowthatitsinhabitantswereveryresourceful:abrokenpotwasrecycledtomakeaspindlewhorl,andarazorhasbeenheavilysharpenedtolengthenits

life.ThesecondhalfoftheDisposable?displaysthehumanimpactofmodemwasteinthePacificIslandnations.Single-useprod

uctsmadefromplasticareoftenthrownawaypoorly.Thishasledtoalmosteightmillionmetrictonsofplasticentering

ouroceanseveryyear.AsimpleyettechnicallybeautifulyellowfishingbasketmadebyGuamartistGuerrerohighligh

tstheplasticwasteprobleminthePacific.Forcenturies,fishingbasketsinGuamweremadeofcoconutleavesbuthereGuerrerousedpl

asticwrappingfoundonhislocalbeach.Whilethebasketismadeusingtraditionaltechniques,theplasticwrappingi

smoredurablethanplantfibers.Guerrerohasfoundacreativeandpracticalwaytogivethissingle-usematerialasecondlife.CommunitiesacrossthePacifi

careworkingtogethertofighttheproblemthroughre-purposingthrown—awayitemsandbanningsomesingle-useplasticitems.However,theselocalresponsescanbynomean

sreducethescaleoftheproblem.Theplasticcrisiscannotbelefttoindividualsorcommunitiesandwilltakeaconcertedinternationaleffor

tbygovernmentsacrosstheglobe.IftherubbishfromStapleHowecanhelpusbuildstoriesanddetailsofpeoplelivinginancientBritain,whatca

ntoday‟splasticrubbishtellusaboutourselves?12.WhyarethedesertedobjectsinStapleHowevaluable?A.Theywerecreatedbyhand.B.Theywerebeautifullydecorated.

C.Theyconsistofpreciousmaterials.D.Theybearinformationoflifeinthepast.13.InwhichwaydidGuerrerochangethetraditionalfishingbasket?A.Mater

ial.B.Technique.C.Color.D.Wrapping.14.Theexhibition,Disposable?________.A.isdisplayedintworoomsB.isheld

byPacificcommunitiesC.displaysbothancientandmodemitemsD.showsStapleHowe‟sinfluenceonPacificcommunities15.Whatdo

esthewritersuggestabouttheplasticcrisis?A.Leavingittoindividuals.B.Holdinginternationalconcerts.C.Localres

ponsesfromStapleHowe.D.Aunitedeffortbyglobalgovernments.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大英博物馆3号房间的一次性？展览所展示的展品及其意义和反映的问题。12.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“FromStaple

Howe‟srubbishweknowthatitsinhabitantswereveryresourceful:abrokenpotwasrecycledtomakeaspindlewhorl,and

arazorhasbeenheavilysharpenedtolengthenitslife.”可知，从斯特普尔豪斯的废弃物中我们了解到它的居民是充满智慧的：一个破碎的罐子被回收用来制作一个纺锤轮，一把剃刀被磨快来延长它的使用寿命，由此可知，斯特普尔豪斯被遗弃的物品有价值是因为它

们承载了过去生活的信息（从它们我们能够了解过去人们生活的一些情况），故D项正确。13.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Forcenturies,fishingbasketsinGuamweremadeofcoc

onutleavesbuthereGuerrerousedplasticwrappingfoundonhislocalbeach.”可知，几个世纪以来，关岛的捕鱼篮都是用椰叶做的，但格雷罗在这里使用的是当地海滩上发现的塑料包装，也就是说格雷罗通过改变制作材

料改变了传统的捕鱼篮，故A项正确。14.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“OndisplayinRoom3,Disposable?exhibitsagroupofobjects:findsfromStapleHowe,asettlementsomet

imebetween700BCand450BC.”可知，一次性？展览展出了在斯特普尔豪斯发现的、公元前700年到公元前450年之间的人类定居点的一组废弃物品；再根据第三段中的“ThesecondhalfoftheDisposable?displaysthehumanimpactofmod

emwasteinthePacificIslandnations.”可知，一次性？展览的后半部分展示现代垃圾对太平洋岛国居民的影响，由此可知，一次性？展览展示了古代和现代物品，故C项正确。15.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Theplasticc

risiscannotbelefttoindividualsorcommunitiesandwilltakeaconcertedinternationaleffortbygovernmentsacrosstheglobe.”可知，作者认为解决塑料危机不能只靠个人和社区，需要全球各国政府共同努力，

故D项正确。Passage4Timemagazinelisteditstopinventionsof2019,someofwhichwillsurelybecomeabigpartofoureverydaylivesoverthenextdecade.Herearesomew

e'remostlookingforwardto.●Virtual（虚拟的）surgeryAccordingtoHarvardBusinessReview,ourcurrentsystemoftrainingsurgeonscan'tkeepupwiththespeedoft

echnologicaldevelopment.“Evenafter4yearsofcollege,4yearsofmedicalschooland5yearsofadvancedtrainingafterworking,30%ofgraduatessti

llcan'toperateontheirown,”saidJustinBarad,whoistheCEOandco-founderofOssoVR.ThisVRsoftwareismadetogivedoctorsvirtualoperating-roomexperiencesotheyca

npracticeandprepareforsurgeries.Apparently,itworks.GideonBlumsteinofCaliforniaUniversityconductedastudyonusingOssoVR.Histeamfoun

dthatparticipants'overallsurgicalperformanceimprovedbyanastonishing230%overtraditionaltrainingmethods.●Vendingveggies（出售素食）"Eathapp

ier.”That'stheFarmersFridgeadvertisingmessage.Itisagoodone,asthiscompanywantstobringfresh,healthyfoodtopeo

pleonthego.It'stryingtochangemorethanjustfood,though.Italsowantstochangethedeliverymethod.FarmersFridgehasc

reateditsveryownautomaticmachines.Theycanbeplacedinhigh-trafficareas.Thesesuper-smartvendingmachinescanknowtheirco

ntentsatanymoment,andcanallowcustomerstoreserveandpayinadvance.Theycanevenlearnaboutwhatcustomerswant.ShaynaHarrisisthecompany's

ChiefGrowthOfficer.“Wehavedevelopedsalads,sandwichesandbreakfastitemsthattasteasfreshasifyouweretomaketheminyourhomekitchen,”shesaidinaninterv

iewwithInsiderTrends.●RecyclingpollutionWhenwewritewithblackink,we'rewritingwithsoot—apowdermadebyburningcoaloroil.Carsaremachin

esthatproducesoot.Tocollectthesoot,AnirudhSharma,creatorofAIR-INK,madeadevicecalledKaalink,whichattachestoavehicle‟sexhaustpipe（排气

管）.Oncecollected,it'smadeintoinkcolorandmixedwithvegetableoiltocreateinks,markersandpaintswiththebrandAIR-INK.“Idon'tknowifit'spollution

,butthequalityoftheinkisreallyspecial,”saidartistKristopherHo.“It'sblack,reallythickanddriesextremelyquickly.”TheGuardiandescribesAIR-INKas

"remarkablygreen”.Each30-milliliterpencontainsbetween40—50minutesofairpollution,whileeach6-literspraycanhold2,000minutesofdieselexhaust（柴油废气）.I

nthepastyear,Sharmasaid,histeamhascleanednearly1.7trillion（万亿）litersofairinIndiaandHongKong.1.WhatcanbeknownaboutOssoVR?A.Itisanassistanttohel

psurgeonsdooperations.B.Itcanperformoperationsonpatientsautomatically.C.Itoffersdoctorsavirtualenvironmenttopracticesurgeries.D.Itisapieceofsoftware

tohelpmedicalstudentsdoresearch.2.WhatmakesFarmersFridgedifferentandspecial?A.Whyitsadvertisementworks.B.Whatitsvendingmachinessell.C

.Howitsvendingmachinesoperate.D.Whereitsvendingmachinesserve.3.WhatattitudedoesKristopherHoholdtowardAIR-INK?A.Doub

tful.B.Casual.C.Disapproving.D.Positive.4.Whatistheauthor‟smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragescientiststomaketechnologicali

nventions.B.Totellreaderssomeofthelatestinventionsintechnology.C.Tocallonpeopletokeepupwithtechnologicaldevelopment.D.Toraiseeveryone'sawar

enessoftheenvironmentalprotection.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。《时代》杂志列出了2019年的顶级发明，有些肯定会在未来十年成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。文章列举出几项我们最期待的发明：虚拟手术；出售素食；污染物回收。1.C细节理解题。根据Virtualsur

gery部分的第二段中的ThisVRsoftwareismadetogivedoctorsvirtualoperating-roomexperiencesotheycanpracticeandprepareforsurgeries.(这个虚拟现实软件是为了

给医生提供虚拟手术室的体验，让他们可以练习和准备手术。)可知OssoVR软件为医生提供了一个虚拟的手术环境。故选C项。2.C细节理解题。根据Vendingveggies部分的第二段中的It‟stryingtochangemorethanjustfo

od,though.Italsowantstochangethedeliverymethod.(不过，它试图改变的不仅仅是食物。它还想改变送货方式。)及Thesesuper-smartvendingmachinescanknow

theircontentsatanymoment,andcanallowcustomerstoreserveandpayinadvance.(这些超级智能的自动售货机可以随时知道其货品，并允许客户提前预订和付款。

)可知FarmersFridge(农民冰箱)的自动售卖机的运作方式是其与众不同之处。故选C项。3.D推理判断题。根据Recyclingpollution部分的第二段中的“Idon‟tknowifit‟spollution,butthequalityoftheinkisreall

yspecial,”saidartistKristopherHo.“It‟sblack,reallythickanddriesextremelyquickly.”可知KristopherHo提到墨水的质量真的很特别。它是黑色的，非常厚，而且干得非常快。因此可以推断出KristopherHo对AI

R-INK(空气墨水)持肯定态度。故选D项。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段中的Timemagazinelisteditstopinventionsof2019,someofwhichwillsurelybecomeabigpartofoureverydayl

ivesoverthenextdecade.Herearesomewe‟remostlookingforwardto.(《时代》杂志列出了2019年的顶级发明，有些肯定会在未来十年成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。以下是我们最期待的。)及下文对一些发明物的介绍可推理知本文

的意图在于向读者介绍一些最新的技术发明。故选B项。Passage5"WhenIwas16yearsold,IwasdivinginGreece,butIwasdisappointedbecauseIsawmoreplasticbagsthanfish.

”ThesearethewordsofBoyanSlat,anengineerwhodesignedtheworld'sfirstoceanplasticcleanupsystem.Everyyear,morethan8milliontonsofplasticsendupinouroceans,

accordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgramme.Itispredictedthattheweightofoceanplasticswillmatchtheweightofallthefishinouroceansby2050.T

opreventthisfromhappening,in2013SlatcreatedtheOceanCleanup,anenvironmentalnon¬governmentalorganization,andputh

isplanforanoceancleanupdeviceintoaction.Afteryearsofresearchanddevelop¬mentintheNetherlands,adevicecalledSystem001/

BsuccessfullystartedgatheringplasticsonOctober2,2019.Thedeviceusesa600-meter-longC-shapedtubetogatherallthefloatingrub

bish.Unlikeothercleanupmethods,thesystemfloatsfreelyaccordingtothedirectionofthewaves,whichallowswastetoflowintoandstaywithinthedevice.Aseaanchor

isattachedtoeitherend.Thisslowsdownthesystemasitfloatsthroughthewaterandallowsthefaster-movingrubbish,carri

edbythewaves,toflowintoitsmouth.System001/Bcanalsocollectwastebelowthesurfaceusinga3-meter-deepskirt（挡板）attachedto

theend.Afterbeinggathered,thetrashwillbedraggedbacktoshorebyboatandrecycled.Rightnow,thesystemoperates

intheGreatPacificGarbagePatch,anareathatis3timesthesizeofFrance.Onceoperational,theOceanCleanupexpectsafullfleettobeabletoclear

50%oftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchin5years."Itremainstobeseenwhetherthisdreamwillbecomeareality,butitisundeniablethathumanitymustworktogethertoreduc

eourplasticuseandrepairthedamageourwastehascaused,"Slatsaid."Wearestartingtoseeayounggenerationthatgetsitand

isexcitedaboutasustainable（可持续的）future,butthequestionstillcomesdownto:Arewegoingfastenough,andhowmuchdamagewillhavebeendonebeforewegett

here?"12.Theunderlinedword“match”inParagraph2probablymeans“_________”.A.compareB.equalC.measureD.cover13.W

hydidBoyanSlatcreatetheOceanCleanup?A.Tocollectoceanplasticwaste.B.TohelptoinventSystem001/B.C.Toprotecttheliv

ingenvironmentoffish.D.Todoresearchontheoceanenvironment.14.WhatcanweknowaboutSystem001/B?A.Itcancollectan

drecyclegarbageatthesametime.B.Itcanonlygatheroceanwastewhichfloatsonthewater.C.ItaimstoclearuptheGreatPacificGarbagePatchinf

iveyears.D.Itisanocean-cleaningdevicewhichhasalreadybeenputtouse.15.WhatdoesSlatwanttotellusaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Younggenerat

ionscarelessabouttheenvironment.B.Thefutureecologyoftheoceansisdeeplyworrying.C.Peopleshouldworkhardtodecreaseplasticpollution.D.It'squitedifficul

ttorepairthedamagetotheenvironment.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋塑料污染严重，工程师斯莱特设计了世界上第一个海洋塑料清理系统。一种名为System001/B的装

置于2019年10月2日成功地开始收集塑料。目前，该系统在太平洋垃圾场运行。人类必须共同努力，减少塑料的使用，并修复我们的废物造成的破坏。12.B词句猜测题。根据第二段中的Everyyear,morethan8milliontonsof

plasticsendupinouroceans,accordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgramme.(根据联合国环境规划署的数据，每年有超过800万吨的塑料最终进入我们的海洋。)及match前的theweightofoceanplastics(海洋塑料的重量)及其后

的theweightofallthefishinouroceans(我们海洋中所有鱼类的重量)可知每年都有许多的塑料进入海洋，根据逻辑推理知海洋塑料的重量将会与鱼类的重量相等，可推测知match在此处意为“相等”，故选B项。13.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的Itispred

ictedthattheweightofoceanplasticswillmatchtheweightofallthefishinouroceansby2050.Topreventthisfromhappening,in2013SlatcreatedtheOceanCl

eanup(据预测，到2050年，海洋塑料的重量将与我们海洋中所有鱼类的重量相匹配。为防止这种情况，Slat创立了TheOceanCleanup)可知Slat创立TheOceanCleanup是为了收集海洋塑料垃圾，防止塑料重量与鱼类重量相等的状况发生。故

选A项。14.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的adevicecalledSystem001/BsuccessfullystartedgatheringplasticsonOctober2,2019.(一种名

为System001/B的设备于2019年10月2日成功开始收集塑料)可知System001/B是一种已经投入使用的海洋清洁设备。故选D项。15.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的itisundeniablethathumanitymustwork

togethertoreduceourplasticuseandrepairthedamageourwastehascaused(不可否认的是，人类必须共同努力减少塑料的使用并修复我们的废物造成的破坏。)可知Slat想传达出人们应该努力减少塑料污

染。故选C项。Passage6Aroundtheworld,bananaplantsaredyingatanalarmingrate.TheyarebeingattackedbyaformofPanamadiseasecalledTropicalRace4(TR4).TR4isafun

gus(真菌)thatlivesinsoil.Itinfectsbananaplantsthroughtherootsandmovesintothestemswhereitpreventswaterandnutritionfromreachingtheplants‟leaves

.Theplantsturnyellow,andthentheydryupanddie.Farmers,experts,andindustryleadershavefearedthatTR4wouldhitLatinAmerica

andtheCaribbean,whereabout85%ofbananasexportedworldwidearegrown.OnAugust8,2019,thosefearscametrue.Colombiadeclaredanational

emergencyascasesofTR4wereconfirmedatsixbananafarmsinthecountry.ItcantakesixmonthstoayearforfarmerstospotTR4inafieldofbananaplants.Bythen,it'shardto

treatthedisease.Farmerscanonlytrytokeepitfromspreading.ButTR4spreadseasilywithincreasedhumantransportation

,travel,andtrade,fromplanttoplantandfromfarmtofarm.Partoftheproblemisthat99%ofbananasexportedareofthesamevariet

y:Cavendish.Thisishelpfulforthebananaindustrytogrowmorebananaswhentheygrowonlyonekind,whichmeanstheycanmakemoremoney.Bu

talackofdiversityisnotgoodfornature.AllCavendishbananasaregeneticallythesame,so,whenadiseasesuchasTR4strikes,theyarea

llequallyvulnerable.Thisisn'tthefirsttimeinhistorythatbananashavebeenindanger.Beforethe1950s,nearlyallthebananasgrownforexportwereofo

nevariety:GrosMichel.ThenPanamadiseasehit.Thebananaindustryneededareplacement,soitturnedtoadifferenttypeofbanana:Cavendish,whichwasre

sistanttoPanamadisease.Evenifwefindawaytoresolvetoday'sbananacrisis(危机),couldhistoryrepeatitself,yetagain,indecade

stocome?8.HowdoesTR4killbananaplants?A.Itdestroystherootsofbananaplants.B.Iteatsupbananaplants‟stemsandl

eaves.C.Itconsumesallnutritionforbananaplants.D.Itblocksthebananaplants‟nutritiontransport.9.WhatisthemostbasicinfightingTR4?A.FindingTR4assoona

spossible.B.KeepingCavendishfromspreading.C.DevelopingnewmedicinesforTR4.D.Plantingvarietiesoffruitsbesidesbananas.10.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Veryresistant.B.Easilyhurt.C.Quitesafe.D.Hardlyproductive.11.Whatcanwekn

owaboutgrowingbananasfromthetext?A.MostexportedbananasaregrowninNorthAmerica.B.AlmostallexportedbananasareCavendishbananas.C.Cavend

ishbananasaren‟tresistanttoPanamadisease.D.GrosMichelwillreplaceCavendishasexportedbananas.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。在世界各地，香蕉植物正在以惊人

的速度死亡。它们正遭受一种巴拿马疾病的攻击，这种疾病被称为TR4。文章说明了TR4对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区香蕉种植地的影响，以及说明了导致香蕉处于危险之中的原因，和历史上香蕉曾面临过的危机。8.D细节理解题。根据第一段中Itinfectsbanan

aplantsthroughtherootsandmovesintothestemswhereitpreventswaterandnutritionfromreachingtheplants‟leaves.Theplantsturnyellow,andthentheydryupanddi

e.可知，它通过根部感染香蕉植物，并进入茎部，在那里它阻止水分和营养到达植物的叶子。植物变黄，然后枯萎死亡。由此可知，TR4阻碍了香蕉植物的营养运输，从而杀死了香蕉植物。故选D。9.A细节理解题。根据第二段中Itcantakesixmonths

toayearforfarmerstospotTR4inafieldofbananaplants.Bythen,it'shardtotreatthedisease.可知，农民们需要6个月到一年的时间才能在一片香蕉地里发现TR4。到那时，就很难治疗这种疾病了。由此可知，对抗TR4最基

本的是尽快找到TR4。故选A。10.B词义猜测题。根据上文Butalackofdiversityisnotgoodfornature.AllCavendishbananasaregeneticallythesame,so,whenadisease

suchasTR4strikes,theyareallequally可知，缺乏多样性对自然是不利的。所有Cavendish香蕉的基因都是一样的，所以当TR4这样的疾病来袭时，它们都同样脆弱。故划线单词意思为“脆弱的，容易受伤害的”。故选B。11.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Part

oftheproblemisthat99%ofbananasexportedareofthesamevariety:Cavendish.可知，在问题的部分原因在于，出口的香蕉99%都是同一品种：Cavendish香蕉，这种香蕉能抵抗巴拿马病。由此可知，几乎所有出口

的香蕉都是Cavendish香蕉。故选B。Passage7WhenpeoplethinkaboutBritishmusic,forthemostparttheythinkaboutthe60sor70swiththelikesofTheBeatl

esandTheRollingStonesormoremodernartistslikeAdeleorEdSheeran.However,stuckbetweenthesetwoageswas,inmyopinion,Britishmusic‟sbes

tperiod.The90swereanoptimistictimeforBritainandindeedEurope,withtheeconomyrecoveringfromthelowsofthe80sandtheColdWarending.Oneofthedefini

ngfeaturesof90smusicwasthebirthof“Britpop”.Thiswasastyleofpopmusicthataimedtopromote“Britishness”andcommonlyfeaturedelect

ricguitars,drumsandmalesingers.Britpopwasthestyleusedbyworld-famousbandssuchasOasis,Blur,PulpandSuedewhobecameknownas“TheBigFour”.Thesu

mmerof1995wasdominatedbythe“BattleofBritpop”whichwasbetweenBlurandOasisforthenumberonespot.Eventually,BlurwonthebattleandOasis

settledforsecond.However,the90sweren‟tonlyfortheboys,withmajorfemalegroupsalsofindingfame,themostwell-kn

ownofwhichwere“theSpiceGirls”whowereextremelypopularinBritainandaroundtheworld.Onceagaintheypromoted“Britishness”andhadcatc

hymelodiesandlyrics,buttheyalsostartedthe“GirlPower”movementwhichhelpedempowergirlsandwomenworldwide.Iti

sn‟ttoofartoassumethatwithouttheirmusic,manyfemalesingersandartistswhowelovetodaywouldnothavehadtheconfidencetopursuetheirdream.Britishmusicmayhaveh

admanygreattimes,howeverthe90sareoftenoverlooked.AlthoughIwasnotalivetoenjoythemusicproperly,the90shadahugeimpactonBritishculturethatc

anbefelttodayandIfeelthatthedecadeshouldgettherecognitionitdeserves!4.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.TheColdWarc

ametoanendinthe80s.B.Britain‟seconomybegantopickupinthe90s.C.TheBeatlesrepresentedthebestBritishmusic.D.A

deleisbetterthanEdSheeraninmodernmusic.5.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Britpop.B.Britishness.C.TheBigFour.D.BattleofBritpop.6.What‟

sthemostimportantinfluenceof“theSpiceGirls”accordingtothetext?A.Promoting“Britishness”.B.Empoweringg

irlsandwomen.C.Creatingcatchymelodies.D.Findingfameforfemalegroups.7.Thewriterthinkstheimpactofthe90smusiconBritishcultur

eis________.A.underestimatedB.well-recognizedC.fairlyevaluatedD.reasonablydoubted【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国90年代的音乐。作者认为英国90年代音乐被忽视了，90年代音乐对英国文化产生了巨大的影

响，应该得到它应得的认可。4.B推理判断题。根据第一段的The90swereanoptimistictimeforBritainandindeedEurope,withtheeconomyrecoveringfromthelowsofthe80sandtheC

oldWarending.（对于英国乃至欧洲来说，随着经济从80年代的低谷复苏和冷战结束，90年代是一个乐观的时期。）可知，英国经济在90年代开始复苏。故选B。5.A主旨大意题。根据第二段首句Oneofthedefiningfeaturesof90smusi

cwasthebirthof“Britpop”.和下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了90年代音乐的特征英式摇滚的诞生，并介绍了这种流行音乐的盛行，这种音乐旨在促进“英国化”，通常有电吉他、鼓和男歌手。故选A。6.B推理判断题。根据第三段的However,the90sweren‟tonl

yfortheboys,withmajorfemalegroupsalsofindingfame,themostwell-knownofwhichwere“theSpiceGirls”whowereextremelypopularinBritainan

daroundtheworld.Onceagaintheypromoted“Britishness”andhadcatchymelodiesandlyrics,buttheyalsostartedthe“GirlPower”movemen

twhichhelpedempowergirlsandwomenworldwide.（然而，90年代不仅仅是男孩的，主要的女性群体也找到了荣誉，其中最著名的是“辣妹组合”，他们在英国和世界各地都非常受欢迎

。他们再次推断了“英国化”，有着令人着迷的旋律和歌词，他们也发起了“女孩力量”运动，有助于世界各地的女孩和妇女拥有权力。）可推断，“辣妹组合”最重要的影响是增强女孩和妇女的力量。故选B。7.A细节理解题。根据最后一段的Britishmusicmayhavehadmanygreatt

imes,howeverthe90sareoftenoverlooked.以及下文可知，作者认为英国90年代音乐被忽视了，90年代音乐对英国文化产生了巨大的影响，作者觉得这十年应该得到它应得的认可！故选A。Passage8Recently,researchersatthe

UniversityofTorontofiguredoutawaywithaquickvideoselfietoaccuratelymeasurebloodpressurewithyoursmartphone‟scamerabydevelop

ingatechnologyknownastransdermalopticalimaging(TOI)(透皮光学成像).Camerasonsmartphonescancatchredlightreflectedfromhemoglobin(血红素）u

nderourskin,whichpermitsTOItovisualizeandmeasurebloodflowchanges.Researchersmeasuredthebloodpressureof1,328CanadianandChi

neseadultsbygettingtwo-minutevideosoftheirfacesonaniPhone.“Fromthevideogotbythetechnology,youcanseehowthe

bloodflowsindifferentpartsofthefaceandthroughthisflow,youcangetalotofinformation,”saidKangLee,leadauthorofthestudy.LeealsohelpedcreateanappcalledAnur

a,whichallowspeopletotryouttheTOIsoftwareforthemselves,givingthemtheabilitytorecorda30-secondvideooftheirfaceandr

eceivemeasurementsforstresslevelsandrestingheartrate.Leesaidmoreresearchwasneededtomakesurethatthemeasurementswerea

saccurateaspossible,explainingthatthestudydidn‟ttestpeoplewithverydarkorveryfairskin.“Inordertoimproveourapptomakeitusable,particular

lyforpeoplewithhypertension(高血压)，weneedtocollectalotofdatafromthem,whichisveryhardbecausealotofthemarealreadytakingmedicine,

”Leeexplained.“Wecannottellthemnottotakemedicine,butfromtimetotime,wegetparticipantswhodon‟ttakemedicinesow

ecangethypertensivepeoplethisway.”Thescientistssaidthereweremanypotentialapplicationsofthetechnology,includingprovidinghealthser

vicesforthosewholivedinremoteareas.12.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph2？A.InformationofferedbyTOI.B.Newfindingsonhypertension.C.HowTOIisputintosm

artphones.D.HowtheTOItechnologyworks.13.Whatmightpeoplebenefitfromthenewtechnologymentionedabove?A.Livingalifefreefromstress.B.Improvingthehe

artfunctiongradually.C.Accessinghealthservicesforfree.D.Knowingabnormalbloodpressureearlier.14.Whatc

anbedoneforabetterAnura?A.Equippingphoneswithbettercameras.B.Allowingphonestorecordlongervideos.C.Collectingdatafrommorediversesamples

.D.Persuadingparticipantsnottotakemedicine.15.Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?A.TopredictfutureapplicationsofTOI

.B.TointroduceTOIandanapprelated.C.Todescribefunctionsofcamerasonphones.D.ToevaluatethequalityofanappcalledAnura.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明

文。文章主要介绍了一种新科技。多伦多大学的研究人员想出了一种快速视频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测量血压。文章还介绍了与之相关的手机应用软件。12.D主旨大意题。根据第二段首句Camerasonsmartphonesc

ancatchredlightreflectedfromhemoglobin(血红素）underourskin,whichpermitsTOItovisualizeandmeasurebloodflowchanges.可知，智能手机上的相机可以捕捉从我们皮肤下的血

红蛋白反射的红光，这允许透皮光学成像可视化和测量血流变化。因此推断本段主要讲述TOI科技如何起作用的。故选D。13.D推理判断题。根据第二段的Fromthevideogotbythetechnology,youcanseeho

wthebloodflowsindifferentpartsofthefaceandthroughthisflow,youcangetalotofinformation（从技术获得的视频中，你可以看到血液

是如何在面部的不同部位流动的，通过这种流动，你可以得到很多信息）和第三段的givingthemtheabilitytorecorda30-secondvideooftheirfaceandreceivemeasurementsforstresslevelsandrestingh

eartrate.（让他们能够记录30秒的面部视频，并收到压力水平和静息心率的测量。）可推断，这项新技术可以让人们较早知道不正常的血压。故选D。14.C细节理解题。根据第三段的Leesaidmoreresearchwasneededtomakesurethatthemeasureme

ntswereasaccurateaspossible,explainingthatthestudydidn‟ttestpeoplewithverydarkorveryfairskin.（李说，需要更多的研究来确保测量尽可能准确，解释说这项研究没有测试皮肤非常暗或非

常白皙的人。）可知，需要收集更多不同的样本才能改进Anura。故选C。15.B推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新科技TOI，研究人员想出了一种快速视频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测量血压。接下来介绍

了应用这项科技研发出的手机应用。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍TOI和相关应用程序。故选B。No-friendeatingtrendPassage9Iaminmy40s,buttodayIlookmorelikeateenagegirl.NotbecauseI'mwearingthelate

stfashionorhavingawildhairday.It'sbecauseIhaveapimple(青春痘)thatlookslikeavolcanogettingreadytoeruptonmychin.“Mom,whatisthat?”my8-year-olddaughterLuc

yexclaimed,pointingattheuglybumponmyface.Myin-lawswerevisitingandbroughtmeaboxofchocolates-oneofmyfavoritefoods.Eatingproperlyseemedl

ikeagoodideauntilIwasalonewiththatboxofchocolates!Ienjoyedthemgreatly,andmypimpleprovedmyenthusiasmclearly.

Foodcanbealargeblockforme.Broccoli(西蓝花)seldomappealstome,butbakedgoodswithsugarorcrispychipscertainly

do.Ihavenoproblemdippingalargespoonintoajarofpeanutbutterorfrostingtosatisfymydesires.Butyouwon'tcatchmetastingaspoonfulofcottagecheesefora

late-nightsnack.Pleasedon'tmisunderstandme.Thereiscertainlyaplaceforcelebrationfoodssuchascakeandicecream.Butaregularservingofdailyju

nkfoodrobsmeofthenutritionofferedinthefoodsIeat.IknowIfeelbetteraftereatinganapplethanIdoaftereatingacandybar.It'ssoeasyinoursocietyt

oeatprocessedfoodoutofboxes,bags,andatthedrive-thru.Butthateasecomesatacost:Wesufferphysically.Ourtastebudsmaybevery,lacknutrition,whichopensthedoo

rtodiseases,I'mtryingtoaskmyselfafewquestionsbeforereachingforasnackormakingameal:Isthisreallyfood?IstheresomethingGodmadeini

t?AmIreallyhungry?WillIfeelsatisfied,butourbodiesbetteraftereatingthis?4.Whatmadetheauthorfeelshelook

edlikeateenagegirl?A.Herwildhair.B.Heruglyface.C.Herfacialfeatures.D.Herfashionableclothes.5.Whatcan

beinferredfromParagraph3?A.Theauthoreatschocolatesasfood.B.Chocolatesmaycauseherpimples.C.Theauthor'spa

rents-in-lawoftenvisither.D.Theauthoreatschocolatestocurepimples.6.Whatdoyouthinkoftheauthor'seatinghabit?A.It

lacksprotein.B.Itisn'tdelicious.C.Itmakesherhealthy.D.Itisn'tabalanceddiet.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsprocessedfood?A.Favorable.B.Optimis

tic.C.Positive.D.Critical.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文由巧克力导致的痘痘展开，主要讲述了作者的饮食习惯。4.C细节理解题。根据第一段中It'sbecauseIhaveapimple(青春痘)thatlookslikeavolcan

ogettingreadytoeruptonmychin.可知那是因为我的下巴上长了个青春痘，看起来就像一座即将喷发的火山。由此可知，作者的下巴上长了青春痘，这种面部特征使她看上去像十几岁的小姑娘。故选C。5.B推理判断题。根据每三段中Ienjo

yedthemgreatly,andmypimpleprovedmyenthusiasmclearly.可知我非常喜欢它们，我的痘痘清楚地证明了我的热情。由此可推知，巧克力会引起青春痘。故选B。6.D

细节理解题。根据第五段中ButaregularservingofdailyjunkfoodrobsmeofthenutritionofferedinthefoodsIeat.可知但是每天定期吃垃圾食品会使我

失去我所吃的食物所提供的营养。由此可知，作者吃的垃圾食品没有营养,其饮食习惯不是一个均衡的饮食。故选D。7.D推理判断题。根据第六段中Butthateasecomesatacost:Wesufferphysically.Ourtastebudsmaybeve

ry,lacknutrition,whichopensthedoortodiseases.可知但这种放松是有代价的：我们身体上承受着痛苦。我们的味蕾可能非常缺乏营养，这为疾病打开了大门。由此可推知，作者对加工过的食品持批评态度

。故选D。Passage10GenerationsofpeopleintheUnitedStateshaveseenhighereducationasthebestpathtowardsawell-payingandsatisfying

job.Butthecostofattendingcollegesanduniversitiesinthecountryhasincreasedgreatlyoverthelast30years.Andthereisno

guaranteethatearningadegreewillleadtoajobthatpaysapersonenoughtosupportafamily.So,somepeopleturntootherformsofeducationandtraining.Theseinclude

programsthatleadtocredentials(证书)thatproveaperson'sabilitiesinagivenfield,fromconstructiontohealthcare.Thesekindsofprograms

oftencostlessthantraditionaldegreeprograms.Andtheyusuallytakelesstimetocomplete.Newresearch,however,suggeststhattheseprogramsarenothelpingwomenasmuc

hastheyarehelpingmen.Itisfoundthatabout27percentofadultsinthecountryholdatleastoneofthesecredentials.Adultswhohadoneofthesenon-de

greecredentialsmademoremoneyandweremorelikelytobeemployedthanthosewhodidnot.YetthepublicpolicyresearchgroupNewAmericafoundsometroublinginfo

rmationwithinthatdata.Expertstherefoundthatmenandwomenearnthesecredentialsataboutthesamerate.Butmenwhohavethesamecredentialsaswomenaremorelikelytob

eemployed.Theyalsomakemoremoney.Forexample,74percentofmenwithacertificatebutnofour-yearcollegedegreewereemployed.By

comparison,67percentofwomenwithacertificatebutnofour-yeardegreewereemployed.Intermsofpay,46percentofw

omenwithacredentialbutnofour-yeardegreemadelessthan$30,000ayear.Thesamewastruefor25percentofmen.Seventeenpercentofmenwithonlyanon-degreecredentialea

rnedmorethan$75,000.Justfivepercentofwomenwithsimilarcredentialsearnedthatmuch.8.Whatistheadvantageofnontraditionalde

greeprograms?A.Freeofcharge.B.Lessexpensive.C.Interestingtoattend.D.Popularwithemployers.9.WhatinformationupsetNewAmericainth

estudy?A.Womenlostinterestinnon-degreeprograms.B.Menlookeddownuponwomen.C.Menandwomenarenotequal.D.Wo

menareunwillingtowork.10.Howmanywomenwithnon-degreecredentialsearnedmorethan$75,000?A.46%,B.25%.C.17%.D.5

%.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Non-degreeProgramsBenefitMenandWomenUnequallyB.Non-DegreeProgramsRep

lacetheTraditionalUniversitiesC.It'sUnfairThatMenandWomenGetPaidDifferentlyD.CollegeCostsAreBecomingHigherandHigher【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章通过传统的教育模式要花费很

多钱，引出有些人转向其他形式的教育和培训，然后在这种非传统的模式下对男女收入、找工作待遇的不公平现象展开说明。8.B细节理解题。根据第二段中Thesekindsofprogramsoftencostlessthantraditionaldegreeprograms.可知这类课程的

费用通常比传统的学位课程要便宜。由此可知，非传统学位项目的优势是更便宜。故选B。9.C细节理解题。根据第四段中Butmenwhohavethesamecredentialsaswomenaremorelikelytobeemployed.Theyalsomakemoremoney.可知但

是拥有相同学历的男性更有可能被雇佣。他们也赚更多的钱。由此可知，调查发现了一些令人不安的信息：男女不平等。故选C。10.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中Seventeenpercentofmenwithonlyanon-degreecredentialearnedmo

rethan$75,000.Justfivepercentofwomenwithsimilarcredentialsearnedthatmuch.可知17%没有学位证书的男性收入超过75000美元。只有5%有类似资历的女性收入达到这个水平。由此可知，持这类证书的女性中只有5%年薪超过75000美元

。故选D。11.A主旨大意题。根据第三段的第一句Newresearch,however,suggeststhattheseprogramsarenothelpingwomenasmuchastheyarehelpingmen.可知然而，新的研究表明，这些项目对女性的帮助并不像对男性那么

大。结合文章讨论的是一项新的研究结论：非学位课程对男女学生的益处是不平等的。这类课程对女性的帮助不及对男性的帮助。故A选项“非学位课程对男性和女性的益处是不平等的”符合文章标题。故选A。Passage11Thekakapo,abirdthat

livesinNewZealand,isnotdesignedforsurvival.Weighingupto4kilograms,itistheworld'sfattestparrot.Itmates(交配)onlywhentherimutreeisinfruit,whichh

appenseveryfewyears.Itdevelopedgraduallyintheabsenceofland-basednaturalenemies,soinsteadofflyingabovethe

treesitwalkslikeaduckacrossthedryforestfloor.Whenitmovesunsteadilyacrosssomethingthatmightkillit,itwillstandstill.Suchunusualchar

acteristicsturneditintofastfoodforhumansettlers,andforthecatsandratstheybroughtwiththem.Itseemedtohavedisappearedbythe1970s,untilscientistscam

eacrosstwoundiscoveredpopulationsinthecountry'ssouth.Thesesurvivorswereeventuallymovedtosmallenemy-freeislands,whereresearchershavespentde

cadestryingtogetthemtobreed(繁殖).Thescientists'patienceisfinallyrewarded.Therimuwasinfruitthisyear,andmorethan80chickshatched,makingthisthe

bestbreedingseasononrecord.Manyhavesurvivedintoadolescence,increasingthenumberofadultkakaposbyathird,to200birds.Anotherdangertothekakapois

alackofgeneticdiversity.Thisisonereasonwhyfewerthanhalfofkakapoeggshatch.Byarrangingthegenome(基因组)ofeverylivingbird,scientistsca

nidentifyclosely-relatedindividualsandputthemondifferentislands.Everybirdisfittedwithsomethingtotrackitsslig

htestmovement.Ifafemalemateswithan"unsuitable”male,theprocesscanbestopped.AlltheseeffortscostalmostNewZealand$1.3mi

llionthisbreedingseason.Yetthekakapo'sfuturestilllooksunsafe.Earlierthisyearaseverediseasetorethroughthep

opulation.Andtinyasthenumberofkakaposis,spaceisrunningoutonthetwoislandswheremostofthemlive.Newenemy-freesettlementmustsoonbefound.8.Whi

chofthefollowingisadangerforthesurvivalofthekakapo?A.Itisthesmallestbirdintheworld.B.Itlacksexerciseandusuallystandsstill.C.It

adaptsslowlyingeneticdevelopment.D.Itcan'trespondactivelywhenfacingdanger.9.Inwhatwaymaythescientists'patienceberewarded?A.

Theyhatched80kakapos'eggsthisyear.B.Theytriedtomaketherimutreeinfruitthisyear.C.Twosurvivorsweremovedtoenemy-freeislands.D.50chickshatchedhavesurviv

edintoadultsthisyear.10.Whydidthescientistsputkakapoindifferentislands?A.Tostopclosely-relatedkakaposmating.

B.Toincreasethepopulationofkakapo.C.Tostopfemalesmatingwithmales.D.Tohatchmorekakapos'eggs.11.Accordingtotheauthor,theef

fortstoprotectthekakapoinNewZealandare_______.A.successfulB.unsafeC.doubtfulD.inadequate【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要

介绍了人们为了保护新西兰的一种濒临灭绝的鸟类鸮鹦鹉所作出的一些努力。8.D推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Whenitmovesunsteadilyacrosssomethingthatmightkillit,itwillstandstill.可知，当

它摇摇晃晃地穿过可能会杀死它的东西时，它会静止不动。由此可推知，当鸮鹦鹉面对危险时，它不能做出积极的反应，这对鸮鹦鹉的生存来说是一种威胁。故选D。9.A细节理解题。根据第三段中Thescientists'patienceisfinallyrewarded.The

rimuwasinfruitthisyear,andmorethan80chickshatched,makingthisthebestbreedingseasononrecord.可知，科学家的耐心终于得到了回报。今年的柚木结果了，80多只雏鸟

破壳而出，这是有记录以来最好的繁殖季节。由此可知，科学家们的耐心得到了回报，今年有80多只雏鸟破壳而出。故选A。10.A细节理解题。根据第四段中Anotherdangertothekakapoisalackofgeneticdiversi

ty.Thisisonereasonwhyfewerthanhalfofkakapoeggshatch.Byarrangingthegenomeofeverylivingbird,scientistscanidentifyclosely-relatedindividualsandputthemon

differentislands.可知，鸮鹦鹉面临的另一个危险是缺乏遗传多样性。这就是为什么只有不到一半的鸮鹦鹉蛋孵化的原因之一。通过整理每只活鸟的基因组，科学家可以识别出亲缘关系很近的个体，并把它们放在不同的岛屿上。由此可知，科学家们把鸮鹦鹉放在不同的岛屿上，是为了阻止

近亲鸮鹦鹉交配。故选A。11.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中Yetthekakapo'sfuturestilllooksunsafe.Earlierthisyearaseverediseasetorethroughthepopulation.Andtinyasthenumberofkak

aposis,spaceisrunningoutonthetwoislandswheremostofthemlive.可知，然而，鸮鹦鹉的未来看起来仍然不安全。今年早些时候，一种严重的疾病在鸟群中肆虐。尽管鸮鹦鹉的数量很少，但它们生活的这两个岛屿上的空间已经所剩无几。由此

可推知，作者认为保护新西兰鸮鹦鹉的努力是不够的。故选D。Passage12“Newandimproved.”Thesewordsareputinsomanymarketingcampaignsthatwetendtoacceptthemaslinked.Butman

ynewdrugsaren'tanimprovementoverthebestexistingdrugforagivencondition,andthefastdrug-approvalprocessesinrecentyearshaveadd

edtotheuncertaintyabouttheiradvantages.ArecentreportintheBritishMedicalJournal,"NewDrugs:WhereDidWeGoWrongandWhatCanWeD

oBetter?,analysedtheissue,Theauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017；152werenewlydeveloped,and

64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfornewuses.Only25%offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58%hadnoconfirmedaddedbenef

ittoreducesymptomsorimprovehealth-relatedqualityoflife."Thisdoesn‟tmeanthere'snoaddedbenefit,"leadauthorWieselersaid.“Itjustmeansweha

venopositiveproof.Eitherwehavenostudiesorhavestudiesnotgoodenough.”Wieselerandherco-authorsworkforaGermaninstitutewhichevaluatesnewtre

atmentsandadvisesonwhetherthecountry'shealthcaresystemshouldpayapremium(占)forthem.Suchorganizations,knownashealthte

chnologyassessment(HTA)agencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS,saysSeanTunis，aresearcherinBaltimore:“Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn'tbetterthana

nexistingdrug，theseagencieswillrequire.thathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst.”Germany'sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewt

reatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisisn'talwayspracticalForonething,suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming,withnog

uaranteeofsuccess.Secondly,itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives.Thisisalreadyhappenin

g.Drugdevelopersareincreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases.Thislackofmeaningfuld

atatoguidepatientsisamajorpointofWieseler'spaper-Withacceleratedapproval,therearemoreproductsapproved,wit

hagreateramountofuncertaintyaboutrisksandbenefits.Butthereareothersolutionsbesidesdrugtrials.Oneideaistorequirepost

marketstudiestotracktheeffectivenessofnewlyapproveddrugs—asteptoooftenneglected.12.Whatmessagedoestherecentreportconvey?A.Man

ynewdrugshavenoimprovedadvantages.B.Theapprovalprocessesfornewdrugsaretoofast.C.Improveddrugshaveadvantagesoveroldones.D.Before2017noimprovemen

twasmadetodrugs.13.WhatwillUSHTAagenciesdowhennoadvantageisfoundinnewdrugs?A.Removegovernmentpremiumonthem.B.Gethospitalstousethecheaperdrugs.C.Arr

angefinancialsupportforthepatients.D.Putnewdrugsonfurthertrialsandstudies.14.What'sthedisadvantageofGermany

'sHTAtrialdemands?A.Makingdrugcompaniesthinkofillegalwaystocutcost.B.Pushingcompaniestotryalternativesforexistingdrugs.C.Gettingpatientstode

pendonthegovernmentforsupport.D.Holdingcompaniesbackfromimprovingexistingdrugs.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAdvantage

ofExistingDrugsB.MisunderstandingofNewandOldDrugsC.ADilemmawithNewDrugAlternativesD.PeopledPreferenceforNeworOldDrugs【文章大意】这是一篇说明文文。文章主要讲述了英国一项研究表明

，与传统药物相比，市面上不断推出的新药大部分并不具有新的疗效。作者分析其中原因并指出，因为相关机构的要求，加上新药耗时费钱，因此药品公司干脆转向研究罕见病的药品，而不是对已有的药品进行改良。12.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“h

eauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017；152werenewlydeveloped,and64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfor

newuses.Only25%offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58%hadnoconfirmedaddedbenefittoreducesymptoms

orimprovehealth-relatedqualityoflife.”可知，英国《医学期刊》的一篇报道对2011到2017年上市的药品的研究发现，其中58%的新药与已有的药物相比，没有任何得到证实的新增加的药效。故最

近的报告传达了许多新药没有改进的优势的信息。结合选项，故选A。13.B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Suchorganizations,knownashealthtechnologyassessment(HTA)a

gencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS,saysSeanTunis，aresearcherinBaltimore:“Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn'tbetterthananexistingdru

g，theseagencieswillrequire.thathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst.”可知，美国的卫生技术评估机构的功能与德国不同，如果付费方（病人）认为某种新药不比已有的药品更好，那么“他们（评估机构）就会要求医

院先试用便宜一些的药品"，故选B。14.D推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Germany'sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewtreatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisi

sn'talwayspracticalForonething,suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming,withnoguaranteeofsuccess.Secondly

,itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives.Thisisalreadyhappening.Drugdevelopersarei

ncreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases”（德国的HTA需要试验来证明新的治疗方法优于现有标准。这并不总是可行的一件事，这样的研究可能是昂

贵和耗时的，没有成功的保证。其次，它可以阻止公司尝试开发新的替代品。这已经发生了。药物开发人员越来越关注那些没有好的治疗方法可与之竞争的领域，例如罕见的疾病）可知，德国卫生技术评估机构要求有药物试验来证实改良后的新药比原先的药品更好，这需要大量的金钱和时间。由此可以推断出，德国HTA的试验

的缺点是不利于公司对已有药品进行提升。结合选项，故选D。15.C标题判断题。全文讲述药品研发的窘境：传统药物的更新未必有新的疗效，即使有新疗效，相关机构的要求使这个更新过程漫长而且费用高，于是很多药企干脆转向研究罕见病的新药，这就使已有药品的更

新面临窘境。故C项ADilemmawithNewDrugAlternatives“新药物的两难选择”作为标题，符合题意。故选C。Passage13Thecombinationofdayandnightextremeheatwillonlygetmorefr

equent-andhotter-inthefuture.There‟snothinglikethecoolreliefofnightfallafteraswelteringsummerday.Asthewor

ldwarms,thisnaturalbalancemaybeshifting.Newresearchsuggeststhatanewtrendisontherise-extremeheatduringthedayfollowedbyextremeheatovern

ight.AstudypublishedthisweekinNatureCommunicationsfindsthattheseday/nightextremeshavebecomebothhotterandm

orefrequentsince1960.AcrosstheNorthernHemisphere,they‟veintensified(增强)byabout2½degreesFahrenheit,andthey‟reoccurringaboutfivedaysmor

efrequentlyperyear.Continuedwarmingwillmakeitevenworse,theresearchsuggests.Inascenarioinvolvingaround3degreesCelsiusthroughou

ttherestofthecentury(orabout5.5F),thesecompoundextremeswillhappenaboutfourtimesmorefrequentlythantheydotoday(abouteightdays

eachsummer).That‟sapproximatelytheamountofwarmingtheworldisontrackfortoday,expertssay,ifgreenhousegasemissionsdon‟

tstartfallingatafasterpace.Inthefuture,“ahotdayaccompaniedbyahotnightwithoutreliefforhumansmightbea„newnorm,‟”saidstudyco-authorYangChenofth

eChineseAcademyofSciencesinanemailtoE&ENews.“Theserapidincreasesarelargelyoverlookedinpreviousstudies.

”Dayandnightextremesaremorethanjustamatterofcomfort,theauthorssay.They‟realsoapotentialthreattohumanhealthandnaturalland

scapes.Thestudydidn‟tdirectlyexaminehumanhealthimpacts.Butotherresearchhassuggestedthatprolongedexposu

retoextremetemperaturescanworsentheoddsofheatstrokeorotherheat-relatedillnesses,andcanaffectplantgrowth.

Withoutthereprieveofacoolevening,livingthingsmayhavelessopportunitytorecoverfromtheeffectsofthedaytimeheat,

theauthorssuggest.“Currentknowledgeaboutcombineddaytime-nighttimehotextremesremainstoosparsetoinformdevelopmentoft

ype-specificadaptationandreliefstrategies,”thestudysays.“Overlookingthiscompoundingeffectmayleadtoseriousund

erestimateofheat-inducedconsequences.”12.Whichstatementofdayandnightextremesistrueaccordingtothestudy?A.They‟veintensifiedb

yabout2½℉andoccur5daysmorefrequentlyperyearglobally.B.Theirrapidincreaseshavebeenpaidmuchattentiontobymanyresear

chersintheirstudies.C.Theywon‟toccuronlyifgreenhousegasemissionsstartfallingduringthedaytimeD.Possiblythe

ywillhappenabout32dayspersummerthroughtherestofthecentury.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reprieve”mean?A.

shiftB.reliefC.threatD.adaptation14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Adequateresearcheshavebeendoneintodayandnightextremes.B.Humanscan

adapttoandrelievedayandnighthotextremeseasily.C.Ignoringtheissueonthehotextremesmaycontributetosevereconsequences.D.Un

derestimatingthecompoundingeffectofhotextremeswillcausethreatstoman.15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thedangersofhotdaysandnightsa

reontherise.B.Continuedwarmingwillmaketheearthevenworse.C.Withtheworldwarming,thenaturalbalancemaybeshifting.D.Greenhousegasemissionsareincre

asingatafasterpace.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，一种新的趋势正在上升——白天极度炎热，夜晚极度炎热。研究表明，持续变暖会使情况变得更糟，白天和晚上的极端天气不仅仅是舒适的问题，它们

也是对人类健康和自然景观的潜在威胁。其他研究表明，长期暴露在极端温度下会使中暑或其他与热有关的疾病的几率增加，并会影响植物的生长。12.D细节理解题。根据第四段中thesecompoundextremeswillhappena

boutfourtimesmorefrequentlythantheydotoday(abouteightdayseachsummer).可知这些复合极端天气发生的频率是现在的四倍（每年夏天大约8天）。由此可知，D选项“在本世纪余下的时间里，每年夏天大约有32天会发生这种情况”正确。故选D。13

.B词义猜测题。根据后文livingthingsmayhavelessopportunitytorecoverfromtheeffectsofthedaytimeheat可知如果没有凉爽的夜晚作为缓解，生物从白天高温中恢复的机会就会减少。由此可知，划线单词意思为

“缓解”。故选B。14.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中Overlookingthiscompoundingeffectmayleadtoseriousunderestimateofheat-inducedconsequences.可知忽视这种复合效应可能

导致严重低估热诱导的后果。由此可推知，忽视极端天气的问题可能会导致严重的后果。故选C。15.A主旨大意题。根据第二段中Newresearchsuggeststhatanewtrendisontherise-extremeheatd

uringthedayfollowedbyextremeheatovernight.可知一项新的研究表明，一种新的趋势正在上升——白天极度炎热，夜晚极度炎热。结合文章还说明了研究表明，持续变暖会使情况变得更糟，白天和晚上的极端天气不仅仅是舒适的问题，它们也是对

人类健康和自然景观的潜在威胁。其他研究表明，长期暴露在极端温度下会使中暑或其他与热有关的疾病的几率增加，并会影响植物的生长。由此可知这篇文章主要讲了炎热的白天和夜晚的危险正在增加。故选A。Passage14Anestimated70pe

rcentofcatsand60percentofdogsintheU.S.areoverweightorobese,sochancesarethatyourpetneedstoloseweightratherthanpackonsomepounds,It'snotalwayse

asytotellifyourpetcouldaffordtoloseafew,buttherearesomeothersignsthatcantipyouoff,Oneimportantfactor:thewaist.''Mostpeopledon'tknowwhatan

ormalcatshouldlooklike,''saysRomine.''Butcatsshouldhavewaists,too,''Thevetsaysyoushouldbeabletofeelyourpet'sribs(肋骨)throughitscoat,andwhenyoul

ookdownatthem,theyshouldhaveanhourglass(沙漏)shape-justlikeaperson.''Forsomeoverweightpets,youmaywanttoswitchtoanewfoodentirely;foodswith'light'or'h

ealthyweight'labelsusuallyhaveanincreasedfibercontenttohelpthedogorcatfeelfuller,''Rominenotes.''Anot

heroptionistofeedthemlessofthefoodtheycurrentlyeat,''Freemansuggests.''Makesureyou'rereducingtablescraps(残羹剩饭)a

ndhigh-calorietreatslikepetbiscuits,''shesays.It'simportanttofigureoutwhatyourpet'sidealweightisasyo

u'rehelpingthemtolose.Romineadvisesworkingwithyourvettogettherightnumber,andifyou'refollowingtheportionguidelinesoftenprintedonfoodlabels,fee

dthemtheamountoffoodassociatedwiththeweightyouwantthemtobe,ratherthantheweighttheycurrentlyare.Foodisn'ttheonlyfactorthatcani

mpactyourpet'sweight.Rominestressestheimportanceofexerciseinkeepingyourpethealthy.Forcats,just10minutesofindoorplayeachdaycanmakeadiffer

ence.Fordogs,lettingthemoutinthebackyardtodotheirbusinessisnotenough,You'llhavetoexercisewithyourdogtoreallygetit

moving.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutmostcatsinAmericafromthetext?A.Theyneedtoloseweight.B.Theyneedtobefedmore

food.C.Theyneedtopackonpounds.D.Theyneedtobemoreenergetic.13.Whichfoodcanhelpoverweightpets?A.Thefoodwithandec

reasedfiber.B.Thefoodfromtablescraps.C.Thefoodwith''light''labels.D.Thefoodwithanewlabel.14.Whatisanimportantfactor

tokeeppetshealthy?A.Apartner.B.Protein.C.Petbiscuits.D.Exercise.15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytext

book.B.Atravelbrochure.C.Apetmagazine.D.Arecipebook.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。在美国，大多数的宠物都超重。文章主要讲述了如何让你的宠物减肥。12.A细节理解题。根据第一段的Anestimated70percentofcatsand

60percentofdogsintheU.S.areoverweightorobese,sochancesarethatyourpetneedstoloseweightratherthanpackonsomepounds,(据估计，美国大约70%的猫和60%的狗都超重或肥胖，因此你

的宠物可能需要减肥而不是长胖)可知，美国大多数的猫都需要减肥。A.Theyneedtoloseweight.(它们需要减肥)符合以上说法，故选A项。13.C细节理解题。根据第二段的foodswith'light'or'healthyweight'labelsusuallyhavea

nincreasedfibercontenttohelpthedogorcatfeelfuller可知，标有“清淡”或者“健康体重”的标签的食物通常含有更多的纤维，可以帮助狗或猫感觉更饱。即这样的食物可以帮助狗或猫减肥。C.Thefoodwith''light''labels.(带有“

清淡”标签的食物)符合以上说法，故选C项。14.D细节理解题。根据最后一段的Rominestressestheimportanceofexerciseinkeepingyourpethealthy.(Romine强调锻炼保持猫狗健康的重

要性)可知，锻炼对猫狗的健康很重要。D.Exercise.(锻炼)符合以上说法，故选D项。15.C推理判断题。根据第一段的Anestimated70percentofcatsand60percentofdogsint

heU.S.areoverweightorobese,sochancesarethatyourpetneedstoloseweightratherthanpackonsomepounds(据估计，美国大约70%的猫和6

0%的狗都超重或肥胖，因此你的宠物可能需要减肥而不是长胖),第二段的foodswith„light‟or„healthyweight'labelsusuallyhaveanincreasedfibercontenttohelpt

hedogorcatfeelfuller(标有“清淡”或者“健康体重”的标签的食物通常含有更多的纤维，可以帮助狗或猫感觉更饱)和最后一段的Rominestressestheimportanceofexerc

iseinkeepingyourpethealthy.(Romine强调锻炼保持猫狗健康的重要性)可知，本文主要讲述了在美国大多数猫或狗超重，以及让它们减肥的方法。由此推测本文很有可能出现在动物杂志上。C.Apetmagazine.(动物杂志)

符合以上推测，故选C项。Passage15Anestimated70percentofcatsand60percentofdogsintheU.S.areoverweightorobese,sochancesarethatyourpetneed

stoloseweightratherthanpackonsomepounds,It'snotalwayseasytotellifyourpetcouldaffordtoloseafew,buttherearesomeothersignsthatcantipyo

uoff,Oneimportantfactor:thewaist.''Mostpeopledon'tknowwhatanormalcatshouldlooklike,''saysRomine.''Butcatsshouldhavewaists,too,''Th

evetsaysyoushouldbeabletofeelyourpet'sribs(肋骨)throughitscoat,andwhenyoulookdownatthem,theyshouldhaveanhourglass(沙漏)shape-justlikeaperson.''Fo

rsomeoverweightpets,youmaywanttoswitchtoanewfoodentirely;foodswith'light'or'healthyweight'labelsusuallyhaveanincreased

fibercontenttohelpthedogorcatfeelfuller,''Rominenotes.''Anotheroptionistofeedthemlessofthefoodtheycurren

tlyeat,''Freemansuggests.''Makesureyou'rereducingtablescraps(残羹剩饭)andhigh-calorietreatslikepetbiscuits,''shesays.It'simport

anttofigureoutwhatyourpet'sidealweightisasyou'rehelpingthemtolose.Romineadvisesworkingwithyourvettogettherightnu

mber,andifyou'refollowingtheportionguidelinesoftenprintedonfoodlabels,feedthemtheamountoffoodassociatedwiththeweightyou

wantthemtobe,ratherthantheweighttheycurrentlyare.Foodisn'ttheonlyfactorthatcanimpactyourpet'sweight.Rominestressestheimportanceofexerciseinkeepi

ngyourpethealthy.Forcats,just10minutesofindoorplayeachdaycanmakeadifference.Fordogs,lettingthemoutinthebackyardtodot

heirbusinessisnotenough,You'llhavetoexercisewithyourdogtoreallygetitmoving.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutmostcats

inAmericafromthetext?A.Theyneedtoloseweight.B.Theyneedtobefedmorefood.C.Theyneedtopackonpounds.D.Theyneedtobemoreenergetic.

13.Whichfoodcanhelpoverweightpets?A.Thefoodwithandecreasedfiber.B.Thefoodfromtablescraps.C.Thefoodwith''light''labels.D.Thefoodwithanewlabel.

14.Whatisanimportantfactortokeeppetshealthy?A.Apartner.B.Protein.C.Petbiscuits.D.Exercise.15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablyta

ken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Atravelbrochure.C.Apetmagazine.D.Arecipebook.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。在美国，大多数的宠物都超重。文章主要讲述了如何让你的宠物减肥。12.A细节理解题。根据第一段的Anestimated70perc

entofcatsand60percentofdogsintheU.S.areoverweightorobese,sochancesarethatyourpetneedstoloseweightratherthanpackonsomepounds,(据估计，美国大约

70%的猫和60%的狗都超重或肥胖，因此你的宠物可能需要减肥而不是长胖)可知，美国大多数的猫都需要减肥。A.Theyneedtoloseweight.(它们需要减肥)符合以上说法，故选A项。13.C细节理解题。根据第二段的foodswith'light'or'healthywei

ght'labelsusuallyhaveanincreasedfibercontenttohelpthedogorcatfeelfuller可知，标有“清淡”或者“健康体重”的标签的食物通常含有更多的纤维，可以帮助狗或猫感觉更饱。

即这样的食物可以帮助狗或猫减肥。C.Thefoodwith''light''labels.(带有“清淡”标签的食物)符合以上说法，故选C项。14.D细节理解题。根据最后一段的Rominestressestheimportanceofexercise

inkeepingyourpethealthy.(Romine强调锻炼保持猫狗健康的重要性)可知，锻炼对猫狗的健康很重要。D.Exercise.(锻炼)符合以上说法，故选D项。15.C推理判断题。根据第一段的Anestimated70percentofcatsand60percentofdogs

intheU.S.areoverweightorobese,sochancesarethatyourpetneedstoloseweightratherthanpackonsomepounds(据估计，美国大约70%的猫和60%的狗都超重或肥胖，因此你的宠物可能需要减肥而不是长胖),

第二段的foodswith„light‟or„healthyweight'labelsusuallyhaveanincreasedfibercontenttohelpthedogorcatfeelfuller(标有“清淡”或者“健康体重”的标签的

食物通常含有更多的纤维，可以帮助狗或猫感觉更饱)和最后一段的Rominestressestheimportanceofexerciseinkeepingyourpethealthy.(Romine强调锻炼保持猫狗健康的重要性)可知，本文主

要讲述了在美国大多数猫或狗超重，以及让它们减肥的方法。由此推测本文很有可能出现在动物杂志上。C.Apetmagazine.(动物杂志)符合以上推测，故选C项。