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南京市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试数学文科注意事项:1.本试卷共4页,包括填空题(第1题~第14题)、解答题(第15题~第20题)两部分.本试卷满分为160分,考试时间为120分钟.2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、学校、班级、学号
写在答题卡的密封线内.试题的答案写在答题卡...上对应题目的答案空格内.考试结束后,交回答题卡.一、填空题(本大题共14小题,每小题5分,计70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案写在答题卡的指定位置....上)1.
已知集合A={x|2<x<4},B={x|1<x<3},则A∪B=▲.2.若z=a1+i+i(i是虚数单位)是实数,则实数a的值为▲.3.某校共有教师300人,男学生1200人,女学生1000人,现用分层抽样从所有师生中抽取一个容量为1
25的样本,则从男学生中抽取的人数为▲.4.如图是一个算法的伪代码,其输出的结果为▲.5.将甲、乙、丙三人随机排成一行,则甲、乙两人相邻的概率为▲.6.已知函数f(x)=2sin(ωx+φ)(其中ω>0,-π2<φ<π2)的部分图象如图所示,则f(π2)的值为▲.7.已知数列{an}为等比数列.若
a1=2,且a1,a2,a3-2成等差数列,则{an}的前n项和为▲.8.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,已知双曲线x2a2-y2b2=1(a>0,b>0)的右焦点为F.若以F为圆心,a为半径的圆交该双曲线的一条渐近线于A,B两点,且AB=2b,则该双曲线的离心率为▲.9.若正方体ABCD-A1B1C
1D1的棱长为2,则三棱锥A-B1CD1的体积为▲.Oxy22(第6题图)-π3错误!未找到引用源。2π3错误!未找到引用源。(第4题图)S←0ForiFrom1To4S←S+iEndForPrintS10.已知函数f(x)=x+2,x≤
0,f(-x),x>0,g(x)=f(x-2).若g(x-1)≥1,则x的取值范围为▲.11.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,A,B是圆O:x2+y2=2上两个动点,且OA→⊥OB→.若A,B两点到直线l:3x+4y-10=0的距离分别为d1,
d2,则d1+d2的最大值为▲.12.若对任意a∈[e,+∞)(e为自然对数的底数),不等式x≤eax+b对任意x∈R恒成立,则实数b的取值范围为▲.13.已知点P在边长为4的等边三角形ABC内,满足AP→=λAB→+μAC→,且2λ+3μ=1,延长AP交边BC于点D.若BD=2DC,则PA→·
PB→的值为▲.14.在△ABC中,∠A=π3,D是BC的中点.若AD≤22BC,则sinBsinC的最大值为▲.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,计90分.解答应写出必要的文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤,请把答案写在答题卡的指定区域....
内.15.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥P-ABCD中,底面ABCD为矩形,平面PAD⊥平面ABCD,PA⊥PD,E,F分别为AD,PB的中点.求证:(1)EF∥平面PCD;(2)平面PAB⊥平面PCD.16.(本小题满分14分)已知向量m=(cosx,sinx),n=(cosx,
-sinx),函数f(x)=m·n+12.(1)若f(x2)=1,x∈(0,π),求tan(x+π4)的值;(2)若f(α)=-110,α∈(π2,3π4),sinβ=7210,β∈(0,π2),求2α+β的值.FEPBDCA(第15题图)17.(本小题满分14分)如
图,港口A在港口O的正东100海里处,在北偏东方向有一条直线航道OD,航道和正东方向之间有一片以B为圆心,半径85海里的圆形暗礁群(在这片海域行船有触礁危险),其中OB=2013海里,tan∠AOB=23,cos∠AOD=55.现一艘科考船以105海里/小时的速度从O出发沿OD方
向行驶,经过2个小时后,一艘快艇以50海里/小时的速度准备从港口A出发,并沿直线方向行驶与科考船恰好相遇.(1)若快艇立即出发,判断快艇是否有触礁的危险,并说明理由;(2)在无触礁危险的情况下,若快艇再等x小时出发,求x的最小值.18.(本小题
满分16分)如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy中,椭圆C:x2a2+y2b2=1(a>b>0)经过点(-2,0)和(1,32),椭圆C上三点A,M,B与原点O构成一个平行四边形AMBO.(1)求椭圆C的方程;(2)若点B是椭圆C的左顶点
,求点M的坐标;(3)若A,M,B,O四点共圆,求直线AB的斜率.AOD东北B(第17题图)(第18题图)AOMxyB19.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f(x)=exx2-ax+a(a∈R),其中e为自然对数的底数.(1
)若a=1,求函数f(x)的单调减区间;(2)若函数f(x)的定义域为R,且f(2)>f(a),求a的取值范围;(3)证明:对任意a∈(2,4),曲线y=f(x)上有且仅有三个不同的点,在这三点处的切线经过坐标原点.20.(本小题满分16分)若数列{an}满足n≥2,n∈N*时,an≠
0,则称数列{anan+1}(n∈N*)为{an}的“L数列”.(1)若a1=1,且{an}的“L数列”为{12n},求数列{an}的通项公式;(2)若an=n+k-3(k>0),且{an}的“L数列”为递增数列,求k的取值范围;(3)若an=1+pn-1,其中
p>1,记{an}的“L数列”的前n项和为Sn,试判断是否存在等差数列{cn},对任意n∈N*,都有cn<Sn<cn+1成立,并证明你的结论.南京市2020届高三年级第三次模拟考试数学参考答案及评分标准说明:1
.本解答给出的解法供参考.如果考生的解法与本解答不同,可根据试题的主要考查内容比照评分标准制订相应的评分细则.2.对计算题,当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时,如果后续部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度,可视影响的程度决定给分,但不得超
过该部分正确解答应得分数的一半;如果后续部分的解答有较严重的错误,就不再给分.3.解答右端所注分数,表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数.4.只给整数分数,填空题不给中间分数.一、填空题(本大题共14小题,每小题5分,
计70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案写在答题纸的指定位置上)1.{x|1<x<4}2.23.604.105.236.37.2n+1-28.629.8310.[2,4]11.612.[-2,+∞)13.-9414.38二、解答题(本大
题共6小题,计90分.解答应写出必要的文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤,请把答案写在答题纸的指定区域内)15.(本小题满分14分)证明:(1)取PC中点G,连接DG、FG.在△PBC中,因为F,G分别为PB,PC的中点,
所以GF∥BC,GF=12BC.因为底面ABCD为矩形,且E为AD的中点,所以DE∥BC,DE=12BC,······························································2分所以GF∥DE,G
F=DE,所以四边形DEFG为平行四边形,所以EF∥DG.·············································································4分又因为E
F平面PCD,DG平面PCD,所以EF∥平面PCD.······································································6分(2)因为底面ABCD为矩形,所以CD⊥AD.又因为平面PAD⊥平面ABCD,平面PAD
∩平面ABCD=AD,CD平面ABCD,所以CD⊥平面PAD.···································································10分因为PA平面PAD,所以CD⊥PA.··········
········································12分又因为PA⊥PD,PD平面PCD,CD平面PCD,PD∩CD=D,所以PA⊥平面PCD.因为PA平面PAB,所以平面PAB⊥平面
PCD.··································14分16.(本小题满分14分)解:(1)因为向量m=(cosx,sinx),n=(cosx,-sinx),所以f(x)=m·n+12=cos2x-sin2x+12=cos2x+12
.···································2分因为f(x2)=1,所以cosx+12=1,即cosx=12.又因为x∈(0,π),所以x=π3,·························································4分所
以tan(x+π4)=tan(π3+π4)=tanπ3+tanπ41-tanπ3tanπ4=-2-3.·······························6分(2)若f(α)=-110,则cos2α+12=-110,即cos2α=-35.因为α∈(π2,3π4),所以2α∈(π,3π
2),所以sin2α=-1-cos22α=-45.········8分因为sinβ=7210,β∈(0,π2),所以cosβ=1-sin2β=210,······················10分所以cos(2α+β)=cos2αcosβ-sin2
αsinβ=(-35)×210-(-45)×7210=22.·····12分又因为2α∈(π,3π2),β∈(0,π2),所以2α+β∈(π,2π),BEACODxy所以2α+β的值为7π4.·······
······························································14分17.(本小题满分14分)解:如图,以O为原点,正东方向为x轴,正北方向为y轴,建立直角坐标系xOy.因为OB=2013,tan∠AOB=23,OA=10
0,所以点B(60,40),且A(100,0).····························································2分(1)设快艇立即出发经过t小时后两船相遇于点C,
则OC=105(t+2),AC=50t.因为OA=100,cos∠AOD=55,所以AC2=OA2+OC2-2OA·OC·cos∠AOD,即(50t)2=1002+[105(t+2)]2-2×100×105(t+2)×55.化得t2=4,解得t
1=2,t2=-2(舍去),···············································4分所以OC=405.因为cos∠AOD=55,所以sin∠AOD=255,所以C(40,80),所以直线AC的方程为y=-43(x-100),即4x+3y-
400=0.·······················6分因为圆心B到直线AC的距离d=|4×60+3×40-400|42+32=8,而圆B的半径r=85,所以d<r,此时直线AC与圆B相交,所以快艇有触礁的危险.答
:若快艇立即出发有触礁的危险.·······················································8分(2)设快艇所走的直线AE与圆B相切,且与科考船相遇于点E.设直线AE的方程为y=k
(x-100),即kx-y-100k=0.因为直线AE与圆B相切,所以圆心B到直线AC的距离d=|60k-40-100k|12+k2=85,即2k2+5k+2=0,解得k=-2或k=-12.·······················
·····················10分由(1)可知k=-12舍去.因为cos∠AOD=55,所以tan∠AOD=2,所以直线OD的方程为y=2x.由y=2x,y=-2(x-100),解得x=50,y=100,所以E(50,100),所以AE=505,OE
=505,······························································12分此时两船的时间差为505105-50550=5-5,所以x≥5-5-2=3-5.答
:x的最小值为(3-5)小时.····························································14分18.(本小题满分16分)解:(1)因为椭圆x2a2+y2b2=1(a>b>0)过
点(-2,0)和(1,32),所以a=2,1a2+34b2=1,解得b2=1,所以椭圆C的方程为x24+y2=1.··························································2分(2)因为B为左顶点,所以
B(-2,0).因为四边形AMBO为平行四边形,所以AM∥BO,且AM=BO=2.···········4分设点M(x0,y0),则A(x0+2,y0).因为点M,A在椭圆C上,所以x024+y02=1,(x0+2)24+y02=1,解得x0=-1,y0=
±32,所以M(-1,±32).········································································6分(3)因为直线AB的斜率存在,所以设直线AB的方
程为y=kx+m,A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2).由y=kx+m,x24+y2=1,消去y,得(4k2+1)x2+8kmx+4m2-4=0,则有x1+x2=-8km1+4k2,x1x2=4m2-41+4k2.······
··············································8分因为平行四边形AMBO,所以OM→=OA→+OB→=(x1+x2,y1+y2).因为x1+x2=-8km1+4k2,所以y1+y2=k(x1+x2)+2m=k·-8km1
+4k2+2m=2m1+4k2,所以M(-8km1+4k2,2m1+4k2).·································································10分因为点M在椭圆C上,所以将点M的坐标代入椭圆C的方程,化得4m2=
4k2+1.①········································································12分因为A,M,B,O四点共圆,所以平行四边形AMBO是矩形,且OA⊥OB,所以OA→·OB
→=x1x2+y1y2=0.因为y1y2=(kx1+m)(kx1+m)=k2x1x2+km(x1+x2)+m2=m2-4k21+4k2,所以x1x2+y1y2=4m2-41+4k2+m2-4k21+4k2=0,化得5m2=4k2+4.②·················14分由①②解得k2=114
,m2=3,此时△>0,因此k=±112.所以所求直线AB的斜率为±112.·····················································16分19.(本小题满分16分)解:(1)当a=1时,f(x)=exx
2-x+1,所以函数f(x)的定义域为R,f'(x)=ex(x-1)(x-2)(x2-x+1)2.令f'(x)<0,解得1<x<2,所以函数f(x)的单调减区间为(1,2).····························
·······················2分(2)由函数f(x)的定义域为R,得x2-ax+a≠0恒成立,所以a2-4a<0,解得0<a<4.··························································4分方法1由
f(x)=exx2-ax+a,得f'(x)=ex(x-a)(x-2)(x2-ax+a)2.①当a=2时,f(2)=f(a),不符题意.②当0<a<2时,因为当a<x<2时,f′(x)<0,所以f(x)在(a,2)上单调递减,所以f(a)>f(2),不符题意.····
························································6分③当2<a<4时,因为当2<x<a时,f′(x)<0,所以f(x)在(2,a)上单调递
减,所以f(a)<f(2),满足题意.综上,a的取值范围为(2,4).·························································8分方法2由f(2)>f(a),得e24-a>eaa.因为0<a<4,所以不等式可化为e2
>eaa(4-a).设函数g(x)=exx(4-x)-e2,0<x<4.··················································6分因为g'(x)=ex·-(x-2)2x2≤0恒成立,所以g(x)在(
0,4)上单调递减.又因为g(2)=0,所以g(x)<0的解集为(2,4).所以,a的取值范围为(2,4).··············································
·············8分(3)证明:设切点为(x0,f(x0)),则f'(x0)=ex0(x0-2)(x0-a)(x02-ax0+a)2,所以切线方程为y-ex0x02-ax0+a=ex0(x0-2)(x0-a)(x02-ax0+a)2×(x-x0
).由0-ex0x02-ax0+a=ex0(x0-2)(x0-a)(x02-ax0+a)2×(0-x0),化简得x03-(a+3)x02+3ax0-a=0.·······································
············10分设h(x)=x3-(a+3)x2+3ax-a,a∈(2,4),则只要证明函数h(x)有且仅有三个不同的零点.由(2)可知a∈(2,4)时,函数h(x)的定义域为R,h'(x)=3x2-2(a+3)x+3a.因为△=4
(a+3)2-36a=4(a-32)2+27>0恒成立,所以h'(x)=0有两不相等的实数根x1和x2,不妨x1<x2.因为x(-∞,x1)x1(x1,x2)x2(x2,+∞)h’(x)+0-0+h(x)增极大
减极小增所以函数h(x)最多有三个零点.························································12分因为a∈(2,4),所以h(0)=-a<0,h(1)=a-2>0,h(2)=a-4<0,h(5)=50-11a>0,所以h(
0)h(1)<0,h(1)h(2)<0,h(2)h(5)<0.因为函数的图象不间断,所以函数h(x)在(0,1),(1,2),(2,5)上分别至少有一个零点.综上所述,函数h(x)有且仅有三个零点.····································
········16分20.(本小题满分16分)解:(1)因为{an}的“L数列”为{12n},所以anan+1=12n,n∈N*,即an+1an=2n,所以n≥2时,an=anan-1·an-1an-2·„·a2a1·a1=2n-1·2n-2·„·2·1=2(n-1)+(n-
2)+…+1=2n(n-1)2.又a1=1符合上式,所以{an}的通项公式为an=2n(n-1)2,n∈N*.···················2分(2)因为an=n+k-3(k>0),且n≥2,n∈N*时,an≠0,所以k≠1.方法1设bn=an
an+1,n∈N*,所以bn=n+k-3(n+1)+k-3=1-1n+k-2.因为{bn}为递增数列,所以bn+1-bn>0对n∈N*恒成立,即1n+k-2-1n+k-1>0对n∈N*恒成立.·············································4分
因为1n+k-2-1n+k-1=1(n+k-2)(n+k-1),所以1n+k-2-1n+k-1>0等价于(n+k-2)(n+k-1)>0.当0<k<1时,因为n=1时,(n+k-2)(n+k-1)<0,不符合题意.············6分当k
>1时,n+k-1>n+k-2>0,所以(n+k-2)(n+k-1)>0,综上,k的取值范围是(1,+∞).·························································8分方法2令
f(x)=1-1x+k-2,所以f(x)在区间(-∞,2-k)和区间(2-k,+∞)上单调递增.当0<k<1时,f(1)=1-1k-1>1,f(2)=1-1k<1,所以b2<b1,不符合题意.··············
······6分当k>1时,因为2-k<1,所以f(x)在[1,+∞)上单调递增,所以{bn}单调递增,符合题意.综上,k的取值范围是(1,+∞).·········································
················8分(3)存在满足条件的等差数列{cn},证明如下:因为akak+1=1+pk-11+pk=1p+1-1p1+pk,k∈N*,·············································10分所以Sn=n
p+(1-1p)·(11+p+11+p2+…+11+pn-1+11+pn).又因为p>1,所以1-1p>0,所以np<Sn<np+(1-1p)·(1p+1p2+…+1pn-1+1pn),即np<Sn<np+1p·[1-(1p)n].·······························
··································14分因为1p·[1-(1p)n]<1p,所以np<Sn<n+1p.设cn=np,则cn+1-cn=n+1p-np=1p,且cn<Sn<cn+1,所以存在等差数列{cn}满足题意
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