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Ⅰ阅读理解(2018·沈阳高三模拟)Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy，anewstudysays.That’swhatresearchersfou

ndwhentheyplayedrecordingsofpeopleforelephantsinKenya.Scientistssaythisisanadvancedthinkingskillthat

otheranimalshaven’tshown.Itletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoisn’t.Theresultshowsthatthecleveranimalsare

alsostudyingpeople，saidstudyauthorKarenMcComb.“Basically，theyhavedevelopedthisveryrichknowledgeofthehumansthattheysh

aretheirhabitatwith，”saidMcComb，aprofessorattheUniversityofSussexinEngland.“Memoryiskey.Theymustbuildupthatknowledgesomehow.”Thestudywasreleased

onMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.It’sclosetobutnotquiteliketheDr.Seussbook，wheretheelephantHortonhearssomethingthatothers

can’thear.McCombandcolleagueswenttoAmboseliNationalParkinKenya，wherehundredsofwildelephantsliveamonghumans，sometimescominginconfl

ictoverscarcewater.ThescientistsusedvoicerecordingsofMaasaimen，whoonoccasionkillelephants，andKambamen，whoarelessofathreattotheelephants.Asaresult

，theelephantsreactedmoredefensively—retreatingandgatheringinabunch—totheMaasailanguagerecordingbecauseitwasassociatedwiththemore

threateninghumantribe，saidstudyco－authorGraemeShannon.TheyrepeatedtheexperimentwithrecordingsofMaasaimenandwomen.Sincewomena

lmostneverspearelephants，theanimalsreactedlessdefensivelytothewomen’svoices.Thesamethinghappenedwhentheysubstitutedyoungboys’voices.“Makingthis

kindoffinedistinctionsinhumanvoicepatternsisquiteremarkable，”saidEmoryUniversityanimalcognitionexpertFransdeWaal，whowasnotpartof

thestudy.【解题导语】研究表明野生大象能够识别男、女和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。1．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．Fran

sdeWaalandKarenMcComb.B．Dr.SeussandGraemeShannon.C．GraemeShannonandFransdeWaal.D．KarenMcCombandGraemeShannon.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“s

tudyauthorKarenMcComb”和第六段中的“studyco－authorGraemeShannon”可知，KarenMcComb和GraemeShannon都参加了研究，故选D项。2．Whatca

nwildelephantsbenefitfromtheirspecialability?A．Identifyingandavoidingpossibledanger.B．Growingmuchfasterthananyo

theranimals.C．Havingabetterunderstandingofhumans.D．Developingtheirlanguageskills.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Scientistssaythisisanadvancedthinkingskil

lthatotheranimalshaven’tshown.Itletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoisn’t”可知，这种高等的思维方式使野象能够分辨出谁能对它们造成威胁，这样它们可以

避免可能的危险，故A项是正确的。3．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“substituted”inthelastparagraph?A．Distinguished.B．Repeated

.C．Used.D．Compared.C解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“Thesamethinghappened”指的是前一句中的“theanimalsreactedlessdefensively”，画线词所在句讲的是野象对年轻

男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，故选C项。4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Wildelephantscandistinguishhumanlanguages.B．Theconflictbetweenhumans

andwildelephantsisgrowing.C．Wildelephantsuselanguageskillstomakediscrimination.D．Wildelephantscanbuildup

goodmemoryandlearntricks.A解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄

，故选A项(野象能够区分人类的语言)。Ⅱ七选五(2018·云南高三八校跨区调研考试)WaystoStopDoubtingYourselfWhatifIdon’tpassthistest?Aremyfriendsjusthangingoutwith

mebecausetheyfeelbadforme?1.________Stop!Theself-doubtstopsrighthere.Herearesomewaystobeatnegativeself-talkandstartbelievinginyourself.·BeAware.

Thefirststeptowardsovercominganythingistobecomeawareofit.Bybecomingawarethatwearedoubtingourselves,wecansoonerconfirmitandputastoptoit.Aswe

realizeourself-doubt,wewillgetquickeratconfirmingandstoppingit.See?2.________·TakeaBreak.Sometimesitisourmindthatgoesagainstus.W

heneveryoufindyourselfhavingdoubts,takeabreak.3.________Askyourselfwhatmadeyougetintothisgoal.Itwillgetyoutoreali

zewhyyoustarteditinthefirstplace.·4.________Toooftenwedeterminehowwefeelaboutourselvesaccordingtowhatotherpeoplefeelaboutus.Ourself-worthisjustdepe

ndentuponwhatwethinkofourselves.Sowemustbreakfreeofthechainsthattellusourself-worthisrecognizedbyotherp

eople.·FindSupport.5．________Findsupportthroughfriendsandreadotherinspirationalwebsites.Sometimesweallneedtohearsomethingthatwillget

usmovingagain.Wejustneedtoreachouttootherswhounderstandus.A．TakeItSlow.B．FreeYourself.C．Giveyourselftimetothink.D．It’snotalwayseasydoingthingsalone.E

．Thisisalreadyastepintherightdirection.F．WhatifIneverfigureoutmylife’spurpose?G．Becauseonceyougiveup,noonecanhelpyou.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了停止怀疑自

己的几种方法。1．F解析：空前面是两个问句，后面是“Stop！”，所以本空也需要填一个问句，故选F项。2．E解析：由空前的“当我们意识到自我怀疑时，我们可以及时确认并且及时制止。”可知，此处表示这已经是朝着正确方向前进的一步了，所以选E项。3．C解析：根据前一句“Wheneveryoufindy

ourselfhavingdoubts，takeabreak.”即“无论你什么时候发现自己有疑问，休息一下”，可知空处应是“给自己思考的时间”，故选C项。4．B解析：本段的最后一句说明应该“解脱自己”，所以选B项

。5．D解析：根据“Findsupportthroughfriendsandreadotherinspirationalwebsites.”可知，空处应是“独自做一些事情是不容易的”，所以选D项。Ⅲ语法填空(2018·郑州质量预测

)Beingraisedinafamilyofteachers,I1.____________(get)plentyofchancestoconnectmyselfwithliteraturesincea

youngage.SoIhavemanystoriesaboutmeandreading.Itwasmyfatherwhotookmeontheroadtoreadingandmademeappreciate2.____________(it)bea

uty.WhenIwasalittlegirl,heboughtmeabook3.____________(name)RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.Iwastooyoungtoreadthisdifficultwork,somyfatherexpl

ainedittome4.____________(patient).Fromthenon,Istartedtoenjoyreadingbooks.WhenIbecameamiddleschoolstudent,IbegantoreadsomesimplifiedEnglishclas

sicsonmyown.Sometimes,Iwouldwritedownmythoughtsand5.____________(feel)andsharethemwithmyfather.AmongallthebooksthatIreadd

uringmymiddleschoolyears,JaneEyreleftthe6.____________(deep)impressiononme.Iwashavingsomedifficultieswit

hmystudiesatthattime,7.____________JaneEyre’spersistence(坚持)andcourageinspiredmealot.Thankstomyreadinghabit,Imanaged8.____________(overcom

e)thedifficultiesofmystudies.Now,I’maseniorhighschoolstudentandverybusywithmystudies.ButIstillkeeponreadinginmysparetime.Mymothertoldmet

hatIshouldbeabsorbed9.____________mystudies,butinmypointofview,Iregardreadingasanoasis(绿洲)thatcanmakemerelax.Recently,Ithoughtaboutthe

benefits10.____________readingcouldbringus.Readingcanclearourmindsandmotivateus.Inaddition,wemaybroadenourhorizonsan

dgainmoreknowledgethroughreading.Ihopethatmystorycaninspireyoutostartyourownreadingadventure.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者和

阅读之间的故事，鼓励大家多读书。1．havegot/gotten解析：考查动词时态。since意为“自从”时，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。2．its解析：考查代词。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词beauty,作定语。3．named

解析：考查非谓语动词。name和句子谓语bought之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语abook构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。4．patiently解析：考查副词。副词修饰形容词、副词、动词甚至整个句子，作状语。故用副词patiently修饰动词e

xplained。5．feelings解析：考查词性转换。根据and可知，此处和thoughts并列，故用feel的名词的复数形式feelings。6．deepest解析：考查形容词的最高级。与Amonga

llthebooks和定冠词the呼应，此处用形容词的最高级形式，修饰名词impression。7．but解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。8．toovercome解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配managetodosth.意为“设法完成某事”，故用不定

式作宾语。9．in解析：考查介词。固定搭配beabsorbedinsth.意为“专注于某事”，故用介词in。10．that/which解析：考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，该从句修饰先行词thebenefits。Ⅳ短文改错(2018·烟台诊

断)LiMingisafriendofmine.I’mgladhechangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwoyearsbefore.Hegottir

edsoeasythathecouldn’ttakeexercise,thatmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlesshewentonlikethat,hewouldendupachievenothing.Sohemadeuphismind

stomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthebasketballeveryafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetab

lesorlessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovercomeitwithgreatdete

rminationandstrongwillpower.答案：LiMingisafriendofmine.I’mgladhe∧haschangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasqui

tefattwoyearsbeforeago.Hegottiredsoeasyeasilythathecouldn’ttakeexercise,thatwhichmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlessifhewentonlikethat,

hewouldendupachieveachievingnothing.Sohemadeuphismindsmindtomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthe＼basketballeveryafterno

on.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetablesorandlessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwith

problems,weshouldovercomeitthemwithgreatdeterminationandstrongwillpower.