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Ⅰ阅读理解(2018·沈阳高三模拟)Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy，anewstudysays.That’swhatresearchersfoundwhentheyplayedrecordingsofp

eopleforelephantsinKenya.Scientistssaythisisanadvancedthinkingskillthatotheranimalshaven’tshown.Itletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatand

whoisn’t.Theresultshowsthatthecleveranimalsarealsostudyingpeople，saidstudyauthorKarenMcComb.“Basically，theyhavedevelopedthisveryrichknow

ledgeofthehumansthattheysharetheirhabitatwith，”saidMcComb，aprofessorattheUniversityofSussexinEngland.“

Memoryiskey.Theymustbuildupthatknowledgesomehow.”ThestudywasreleasedonMondayintheProceedingsoftheNati

onalAcademyofSciences.It’sclosetobutnotquiteliketheDr.Seussbook，wheretheelephantHortonhearssomethingthatotherscan’thear.

McCombandcolleagueswenttoAmboseliNationalParkinKenya，wherehundredsofwildelephantsliveamonghumans，sometimescominginconflictover

scarcewater.ThescientistsusedvoicerecordingsofMaasaimen，whoonoccasionkillelephants，andKambamen，whoarelessofathreatt

otheelephants.Asaresult，theelephantsreactedmoredefensively—retreatingandgatheringinabunch—totheMaasailanguagerecor

dingbecauseitwasassociatedwiththemorethreateninghumantribe，saidstudyco－authorGraemeShannon.TheyrepeatedtheexperimentwithrecordingsofMaasaim

enandwomen.Sincewomenalmostneverspearelephants，theanimalsreactedlessdefensivelytothewomen’svoices.Thesamethinghappenedwhenthe

ysubstitutedyoungboys’voices.“Makingthiskindoffinedistinctionsinhumanvoicepatternsisquiteremarkable，”saidEmoryUniversi

tyanimalcognitionexpertFransdeWaal，whowasnotpartofthestudy.【解题导语】研究表明野生大象能够识别男、女和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。1．Whowerethepeopletakin

gpartinthestudy?A．FransdeWaalandKarenMcComb.B．Dr.SeussandGraemeShannon.C．GraemeShannonandFransdeWaal.D．KarenMcCombandGraemeShannon.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章

第一段中的“studyauthorKarenMcComb”和第六段中的“studyco－authorGraemeShannon”可知，KarenMcComb和GraemeShannon都参加了研究，故选D项。2．Whatcanwildelephantsbenefitfromtheirspecial

ability?A．Identifyingandavoidingpossibledanger.B．Growingmuchfasterthananyotheranimals.C．Havingabetterunderstandingofhumans.

D．Developingtheirlanguageskills.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Scientistssaythisisanadvancedthinkingskillthatotheranimal

shaven’tshown.Itletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoisn’t”可知，这种高等的思维方式使野象能够分辨出谁能对它们造成威胁，这样它们可以避免可能的危险，故A项是正确的。3．Whichcan

replacetheunderlinedword“substituted”inthelastparagraph?A．Distinguished.B．Repeated.C．Used.D．Compared.C解析

：词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“Thesamethinghappened”指的是前一句中的“theanimalsreactedlessdefensively”，画线词所在句讲的是野象对年轻男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，故选

C项。4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Wildelephantscandistinguishhumanlanguages.B．Theconflictbetweenhumansandwildel

ephantsisgrowing.C．Wildelephantsuselanguageskillstomakediscrimination.D．Wildelephantscanbuildupgoodmemoryandlear

ntricks.A解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄，故选A项(野象能够区分人类的语言)。Ⅱ七选五(2018

·云南高三八校跨区调研考试)WaystoStopDoubtingYourselfWhatifIdon’tpassthistest?Aremyfriendsjusthangingoutwithmebecauseth

eyfeelbadforme?1.________Stop!Theself-doubtstopsrighthere.Herearesomewaystobeatnegativeself-talkandstartbelievi

nginyourself.·BeAware.Thefirststeptowardsovercominganythingistobecomeawareofit.Bybecomingawarethatwearedoubtingourselves,

wecansoonerconfirmitandputastoptoit.Aswerealizeourself-doubt,wewillgetquickeratconfirmingandstoppingit.See?2.________·TakeaBrea

k.Sometimesitisourmindthatgoesagainstus.Wheneveryoufindyourselfhavingdoubts,takeabreak.3.________Askyourselfwhatmadeyougetintothisg

oal.Itwillgetyoutorealizewhyyoustarteditinthefirstplace.·4.________Toooftenwedeterminehowwefeelaboutourselvesaccordingtowhatotherpeoplefeela

boutus.Ourself-worthisjustdependentuponwhatwethinkofourselves.Sowemustbreakfreeofthechainsthattellusourself-worthisrecognizedbyotherpeople.·Fi

ndSupport.5．________Findsupportthroughfriendsandreadotherinspirationalwebsites.Sometimesweallneedtohearsomethingthatwillgetusmoving

again.Wejustneedtoreachouttootherswhounderstandus.A．TakeItSlow.B．FreeYourself.C．Giveyourselftimetothi

nk.D．It’snotalwayseasydoingthingsalone.E．Thisisalreadyastepintherightdirection.F．WhatifIneverfigureoutmylife’spurpose?G．Becauseonceyougiveup,noonecan

helpyou.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了停止怀疑自己的几种方法。1．F解析：空前面是两个问句，后面是“Stop！”，所以本空也需要填一个问句，故选F项。2．E解析：由空前的“当我们意识到自我怀疑时，我们可以及时确认并且及时制止。”可知，

此处表示这已经是朝着正确方向前进的一步了，所以选E项。3．C解析：根据前一句“Wheneveryoufindyourselfhavingdoubts，takeabreak.”即“无论你什么时候发现自己有疑问，休息一下”，

可知空处应是“给自己思考的时间”，故选C项。4．B解析：本段的最后一句说明应该“解脱自己”，所以选B项。5．D解析：根据“Findsupportthroughfriendsandreadotherinspirationalwe

bsites.”可知，空处应是“独自做一些事情是不容易的”，所以选D项。Ⅲ语法填空(2018·郑州质量预测)Beingraisedinafamilyofteachers,I1.____________(get)plentyofchancestoconnectmyselfw

ithliteraturesinceayoungage.SoIhavemanystoriesaboutmeandreading.Itwasmyfatherwhotookmeontheroadtoreadi

ngandmademeappreciate2.____________(it)beauty.WhenIwasalittlegirl,heboughtmeabook3.____________(name)RomanceoftheThreeKing

doms.Iwastooyoungtoreadthisdifficultwork,somyfatherexplainedittome4.____________(patient).Fromthenon,Istart

edtoenjoyreadingbooks.WhenIbecameamiddleschoolstudent,IbegantoreadsomesimplifiedEnglishclassicsonmyown.Sometimes,Iwou

ldwritedownmythoughtsand5.____________(feel)andsharethemwithmyfather.AmongallthebooksthatIreadduringmymiddleschoolyears,JaneEyre

leftthe6.____________(deep)impressiononme.Iwashavingsomedifficultieswithmystudiesatthattime,7.____________JaneEyre’spersistence(坚持)a

ndcourageinspiredmealot.Thankstomyreadinghabit,Imanaged8.____________(overcome)thedifficultiesofmystudies.Now,I’maseniorhighschoolstu

dentandverybusywithmystudies.ButIstillkeeponreadinginmysparetime.MymothertoldmethatIshouldbeabsorbed9.____________mystudies,butinmypointo

fview,Iregardreadingasanoasis(绿洲)thatcanmakemerelax.Recently,Ithoughtaboutthebenefits10.____________readingcouldbringus.

Readingcanclearourmindsandmotivateus.Inaddition,wemaybroadenourhorizonsandgainmoreknowledgethroughreading.Ihopethatmystorycaninspi

reyoutostartyourownreadingadventure.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者和阅读之间的故事，鼓励大家多读书。1．havegot/gotten解析：考查动词时态。since意为

“自从”时，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。2．its解析：考查代词。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词beauty,作定语。3．named解析：考查非谓语动词。name和句子谓语bought之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和

其逻辑主语abook构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。4．patiently解析：考查副词。副词修饰形容词、副词、动词甚至整个句子，作状语。故用副词patiently修饰动词explained。5．feelings解

析：考查词性转换。根据and可知，此处和thoughts并列，故用feel的名词的复数形式feelings。6．deepest解析：考查形容词的最高级。与Amongallthebooks和定冠词the呼应，此处用形容词的最高级形式，修饰

名词impression。7．but解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。8．toovercome解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配managetodosth.意为“设法

完成某事”，故用不定式作宾语。9．in解析：考查介词。固定搭配beabsorbedinsth.意为“专注于某事”，故用介词in。10．that/which解析：考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，该从句修饰先行词thebenefits。Ⅳ短文改错(2018·烟台诊断)

LiMingisafriendofmine.I’mgladhechangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwoyearsbefore.Hegottiredsoeasythathecouldn’tt

akeexercise,thatmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlesshewentonlikethat,hewouldendupachievenothing.Sohemadeup

hismindstomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthebasketballeveryafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetablesorlessmea

t.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnowanenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovercomeitwithgreatdeterminationandstr

ongwillpower.答案：LiMingisafriendofmine.I’mgladhe∧haschangedgreatlyinthepasttwoyears.Iclearlyrememberhewasquitefattwo

yearsbeforeago.Hegottiredsoeasyeasilythathecouldn’ttakeexercise,thatwhichmadehimveryupset.Later,herealizedunlessifhewentonlik

ethat,hewouldendupachieveachievingnothing.Sohemadeuphismindsmindtomakeachange.Hewentrunningeverymorningandplayedthe＼basketballever

yafternoon.Besides,hefollowedadietofmorevegetablesorandlessmeat.Graduallyhebegantoloseweight.Heisnow

anenergeticboyingoodhealth.Sowhenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovercomeitthemwithgreatdeterminationandstrongwillpower.