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Ⅰ阅读理解(2018·烟台诊断)Grandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcareintheircommunitytendtolivelongerthanseniors

whodonotcareforotherpeople,accordingtoastudyfromBerlin,Germany.“Havingnocontactwithgrandchildrenatallcannegativelyimpac

tgrandparents’health.Thislinkcouldbedeeplyrootedinourevolutionarypastwhenhelpwithchildcarewasimportantf

orthesurvivalofthehumanspecies，”saidSonjaHilbrand,oneoftheresearchers.Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70

.Overall,afteraccountingforgrandparents’ageandgeneralstateofhealth,theriskofdyingovera20­yearperiodwasone­t

hirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrandchildren，comparedwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcare.Caregivingwasassociatedwithalongerlifeeve

nwhenthecarereceiverwasn’trelative.Halfofallchildlessseniorswhoprovidedsupporttofriendsorneighborslivedforsevenyearsafterthestudybegan,whilenon­hel

perslivedforfouryearsonaverage.“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.Caregivingmaybe

thoughtalsoasanactivitythatkeepscaregiversphysicallyandmentallyactive，”saidProfessorBrunoArpino.Arpinonoted,however,th

atcaregivingisnottheonlyactivitythatcanimprovehealthandthattoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbe

neficialactivitieslikeworking,beinginsocialclubs,orvolunteering.“Childrenshouldtake__into__accounttheirparents’need

s,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare，”hesuggested.“Itisveryimportantthateveryindividualdecidesforhimself/her

self,what‘properamountsofhelp’means，”Hilbrandsaid,adding,“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensity(强度)ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethingg

oodforothersaswellasforyourself.”【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。1．Whatisthecaregivingstudybasedon?A．Humanevolutiona

ryhistory.B．Demandofmodernsociety.C．Socialcontactbetweenrelatives.D．Dataonmanyelderlypeople.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，

这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选D项。2．InArpino’sopinion,childcare________．A．issuretokeepoldpeopleawayfromillnessesB．allowsoldpeopletolivea

moremeaningfullifeC．createsmorejobopportunitiesforoldpeopleD．makessocialactivitiesinaccessibletooldpeopleB解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“Arpino’sopinion”定位至文

章第五段中的“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说

，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选B项。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takeintoaccount”inParagraph6probablymean?A．Limit.B．Igno

re.C．Favor.D．Consider.D解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“toomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactiv

ities”及下文的“...theirparents’needs,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare”可知，过多的照

看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，takeintoaccount意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。故选D项。4．Whatdoesthelastparagraph

tellus?A．Grandparentscandoanythingintheirowninterests.B．Grandparentsshouldsharemoresocialresponsibilities

.C．Properamountsofchildcaredogoodtograndparents.D．Caregivingguaranteeseverygrandparentalongerlife.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstresse

dabouttheintensity(强度)ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”可知，只要你帮

忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选C项。Ⅱ七选五(2018·临沂模拟)Collegevisitsareimportant.1.________.Also,beforeyoucommityearsofyo

urlifeandthousandsofdollarstoaschool,makesureyou’rechoosingaplacethatsuitsyoubest.Belowareafewtipsforgettingthemostoutofyourcollege

visit.•Exploreonyourown2．________.Sotrytowalktheextramilesandgetthecompletepictureofthecampusonyourown.Whenyouvisitthestudentcenter,aca

demicbuildingsandresidencehalls,takeafewminutestoreadthebulletinboards(告示板).Theyprovideaquickandeasywaytoseewhat’shappeningoncampus.•E

atinthedininghallandsleepinthedormYoucangetagoodfeelforstudentlifebyeatinginthedininghall.Isthefoodgood?Arethereadequatehealthyoptions?Andifit’satall

possible,spendanightatthecollege.3.________．•4.________Ifyouknowwhatyouwanttostudy,haveaconferencewithaprofessorandstudentsinthatfi

eld.You’llgettoobserveotherstudentsinyourfieldandseehowengagedtheyareinclassroomdiscussion.Theywillgiveyouano

pportunitytoseeifthemajorreallymatchesyou.5.________．Lastly,ifyou’recomparingseveralschools,besuretorecordyourfeel

ingsduringthevisit.Theymayhelpyoucarryonfurtherstudybeforemakingyourfinaldecision.A．Youcan’tgetthe“feel”ofaschoolfromanyguidebookB．Forone,they

helpdemonstrateyourinterestinaschoolC．Thetrainedtourguideswillshowyouaschool’ssellingpointsD．Mostcollegesdon’tallowvisitorstodropinonclassu

nannouncedE．VisitaclassinyourmajorandtalkwithaprofessorandlotsofstudentsF．Nothingwillgiveyouabettersenseofstudentlifethananightinthedorm

G．Ifyouhaven’tdecidedonamajoryet,morevisitstodifferentmajorclassesarenecessary【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。要想了解一所大学，最好能自己在学校逗留一段时间，了解饮食住宿、课外活动，再通过听课来了解下与专业相关的情况等。

1．B解析：根据文章主旨句“Collegevisitsareimportant.”可知，去校园参观对了解一所大学很重要。结合下文中的“Also”和语境可知，此处指校园参观很重要的原因。B项“一方面它们有助于证实你对一所学校的兴趣”承上启下，

符合语境。故选B。2．C解析：根据下文中的“extramiles”和“getthecompletepicture”可知，你还要独自在校园多走走，靠你自己了解整个校园。由此推知，C项“受过专业培训的导游会向你展示学校的卖点”能引起下文，符合语境。故选C。3．F解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段写的是通过

在食堂吃东西和在宿舍睡觉来进一步了解学校。结合“spendanightatthecollege”可知，F项“没有什么比在宿舍睡一个晚上能让你对学生生活有更深的认知了”符合语境。故选F。4．E解析：空格处为本段小标题，应是对本段内容的概括。根据本段内容可知，E

项“去一个你要学的专业的班级与教授和本专业的学生进行沟通”是对本段的概括。故选E。5．G解析：根据上文中的“seeifthemajorreallymatchesyou”可知，此处指看看这个专业是不是真的适合你。G项“如果你还决定不了要学的专业，多看看不同专业的课堂(学习

)是很有必要的”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。Ⅲ语法填空(2018·湖北武汉高中毕业生调研测试)Sendinggiftsvariesgreatlyfromcountrytocountry.InAustrali

a,Canada,theUnitedStates1.____________Europeancountries,sendinggiftsisrarelyexpected.Whileseenasanicegesture,itismoreimportanttoavoid2.___________

_(give)highlypersonalgiftssuchasclothing.Whenvisitingthehomeofacolleaguefromoneofthese3.____________(co

untry),itisnormallyappropriatetobringagifttothehostess.InAmerica,4.__________(expense)giftsaredefinitelyout.Agood5.____________(choose)istotaketh

edeservingpersontodinner,orto6.____________entertainmentorasportingevent.7.____________thecontrary,giftgivingisatraditionalcustominJapan.InJapa

nthepropergiftisthought8.____________(express)thegiver’struefriendship,gratitudeandrespectfar9.____________(well)thanwordscan.Soify

ouplantovisitJapanortohaveanyJapanesevisityouhere,beprepared.Australiaisknownforitsfriendlinessandinformality.Somodestgifts,suchasadiary,apape

rweight,oracoffeecupmight10.____________(present)toafriend.Atatradeshow,T­shirts,ties,baseballcaps,orapinmaybe

appropriatesouvenirs.Anythingmorethanthesetypesofgiftscouldcauseembarrassment.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。1．and解析：考查连词。根据空前的“Australia,Can

ada,theUnitedStates”和空后的“Europeancountries”可知，空处前后为并列关系，故用并列连词and。2．giving解析：考查动名词。avoiddoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。3．countrie

s解析：考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知，可数名词country应当用复数形式。4．expensive解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词gifts，故用形容词形式。5．choice解析：考查名词。根据空前

的形容词good和不定冠词A可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。6．an解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。7．On解析：考查固定搭配。onthecontrar

y为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。8．toexpress解析：考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。bethoughttodosth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，故用动词不定式。9．be

tter解析：考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，该处用well的比较级。10．bepresented解析：考查被动语态。该句主语modestgifts和动词present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。Ⅳ短文改错(2018·辽宁五校协作体联合模拟)Challengesof

lifeareofgreatimportanceinourgrow.TheyremindmemydaysinseniorhighschoolwhichIjoinedinthemilitarytraining.Itwasthefirsttime

Ihavelivedawayfrommyhome，soIfounditdifficulttofitin.Andthetrainingofficerwasstrictinme.IoncethoughtIcouldn’tsticktotheend.

Butanyway，Iwassucceeded.Thetrialsmadeitmucheasyformetoadapttolife，butthedifficultiesIcameacrosshavenowbecomeapreciousmemoryinmylife

.Inshort,learningtoregardthechallengesoflifeasthesteppingstonetofuturesuccessandmakethebestofthem.答案：Challengesoflife

areofgreatimportanceinourgrowgrowth.Theyremindme∧ofmydaysinseniorhighschoolwhichwhenIjoinedinthemilitarytrain

ing.ItwasthefirsttimeIhavehadlivedawayfrommyhome，soIfounditdifficulttofitin.Andthetrainingofficerwasstrictinwithme.IoncethoughtIcouldn’

tsticktotheend.Butanyway,Iwas＼succeeded.Thetrialsmadeitmucheasyeasierformetoadapttolife，butandthedifficultiesIcameacrosshavenowbecom

eapreciousmemoryinmylife.Inshort，learninglearntoregardthechallengesoflifeastheasteppingstonetofuturesuccessandmakethebestofthem

.