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Ⅰ阅读理解(2018·烟台诊断)Grandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcareintheircommunitytendtolivelongerthanseniorswhodonot

careforotherpeople,accordingtoastudyfromBerlin,Germany.“Havingnocontactwithgrandchildrenatallcannegativelyimpactgra

ndparents’health.Thislinkcouldbedeeplyrootedinourevolutionarypastwhenhelpwithchildcarewasimportantforthesurvivalofthe

humanspecies，”saidSonjaHilbrand,oneoftheresearchers.Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70.Overall,afteraccounting

forgrandparents’ageandgeneralstateofhealth,theriskofdyingovera20­yearperiodwasone­thirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrandch

ildren，comparedwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcare.Caregivingwasassociatedwithalongerlifeevenwhenthecarereceiverwasn’trela

tive.Halfofallchildlessseniorswhoprovidedsupporttofriendsorneighborslivedforsevenyearsafterthestudybegan,whilenon­he

lperslivedforfouryearsonaverage.“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.Caregiv

ingmaybethoughtalsoasanactivitythatkeepscaregiversphysicallyandmentallyactive，”saidProfessorBrunoArpino.Arpinonoted,however,thatcaregi

vingisnottheonlyactivitythatcanimprovehealthandthattoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbenef

icialactivitieslikeworking,beinginsocialclubs,orvolunteering.“Childrenshouldtake__into__accounttheirp

arents’needs,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare，”hesuggested.“Itisvery

importantthateveryindividualdecidesforhimself/herself,what‘properamountsofhelp’means，”Hilbrandsaid,adding,“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabo

uttheintensity(强度)ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾

孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。1．Whatisthecaregivingstudybasedon?A．Humanevolutionaryhistory.B．Demandofmodernsociety.C．Socialcontactbetweenrelatives.D．Dataonm

anyelderlypeople.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选D项。2．InArpino’sopinion,childcar

e________．A．issuretokeepoldpeopleawayfromillnessesB．allowsoldpeopletoliveamoremeaningfullifeC．createsmorejobopportunitiesforoldpeopleD．makesso

cialactivitiesinaccessibletooldpeopleB解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“Arpino’sopinion”定位至文章第五段中的“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheym

ayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选B项。3．Whatd

oestheunderlinedpart“takeintoaccount”inParagraph6probablymean?A．Limit.B．Ignore.C．Favor.D．Consider.D解

析：词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“toomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivities”及下文的“...theirpa

rents’needs,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活

动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，takeintoaccount意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。故选D项。4．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A．Grandparentscandoan

ythingintheirowninterests.B．Grandparentsshouldsharemoresocialresponsibilities.C．Properamountsofchildcaredogood

tograndparents.D．Caregivingguaranteeseverygrandparentalongerlife.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensity(强度)ofhelpy

ouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选C项。Ⅱ七选五(201

8·临沂模拟)Collegevisitsareimportant.1.________.Also,beforeyoucommityearsofyourlifeandthousandsofdollarstoaschool,makesureyou’rechoosingaplacethatsuit

syoubest.Belowareafewtipsforgettingthemostoutofyourcollegevisit.•Exploreonyourown2．________.Sotrytowalktheextramilesandgetthecompletepic

tureofthecampusonyourown.Whenyouvisitthestudentcenter,academicbuildingsandresidencehalls,takeafewminutestoreadthebulletinboards(告示板).Theypr

ovideaquickandeasywaytoseewhat’shappeningoncampus.•EatinthedininghallandsleepinthedormYoucangetagoodfeelforstudentlifebyeatinginthed

ininghall.Isthefoodgood?Arethereadequatehealthyoptions?Andifit’satallpossible,spendanightatthecollege.3

.________．•4.________Ifyouknowwhatyouwanttostudy,haveaconferencewithaprofessorandstudentsinthatfield.You’llgettoobserveotherstudentsinyourfi

eldandseehowengagedtheyareinclassroomdiscussion.Theywillgiveyouanopportunitytoseeifthemajorreallymatchesyou.5.________．Lastl

y,ifyou’recomparingseveralschools,besuretorecordyourfeelingsduringthevisit.Theymayhelpyoucarryonfurtherstudybeforem

akingyourfinaldecision.A．Youcan’tgetthe“feel”ofaschoolfromanyguidebookB．Forone,theyhelpdemonstrateyourinterestinaschoolC．Thetrainedtou

rguideswillshowyouaschool’ssellingpointsD．Mostcollegesdon’tallowvisitorstodropinonclassunannouncedE．Visitacl

assinyourmajorandtalkwithaprofessorandlotsofstudentsF．NothingwillgiveyouabettersenseofstudentlifethananightinthedormG．Ifyouhaven’tdecidedon

amajoryet,morevisitstodifferentmajorclassesarenecessary【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。要想了解一所大学，最好能自己在学校逗留一段时间，了解饮食住宿、课外活动，再通过听课来了解下与专业相关的情况等。1．B解析：根据文章主旨句“Colle

gevisitsareimportant.”可知，去校园参观对了解一所大学很重要。结合下文中的“Also”和语境可知，此处指校园参观很重要的原因。B项“一方面它们有助于证实你对一所学校的兴趣”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。2．C解析：根据下

文中的“extramiles”和“getthecompletepicture”可知，你还要独自在校园多走走，靠你自己了解整个校园。由此推知，C项“受过专业培训的导游会向你展示学校的卖点”能引起下文，符合语境。故选C。3．F解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段写的是通过在食堂吃东西和在宿舍睡觉来进一步

了解学校。结合“spendanightatthecollege”可知，F项“没有什么比在宿舍睡一个晚上能让你对学生生活有更深的认知了”符合语境。故选F。4．E解析：空格处为本段小标题，应是对本段内容的概括。根据本段内容可知，E项“去一个你要学的专业的班级与

教授和本专业的学生进行沟通”是对本段的概括。故选E。5．G解析：根据上文中的“seeifthemajorreallymatchesyou”可知，此处指看看这个专业是不是真的适合你。G项“如果你还决定不了要学

的专业，多看看不同专业的课堂(学习)是很有必要的”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。Ⅲ语法填空(2018·湖北武汉高中毕业生调研测试)Sendinggiftsvariesgreatlyfromcountry

tocountry.InAustralia,Canada,theUnitedStates1.____________Europeancountries,sendinggiftsisrarelyexpec

ted.Whileseenasanicegesture,itismoreimportanttoavoid2.____________(give)highlypersonalgiftssuchasclothing.Whenvisitingthehomeofacoll

eaguefromoneofthese3.____________(country),itisnormallyappropriatetobringagifttothehostess.InAmerica,4.__________(expense)giftsaredefinitelyou

t.Agood5.____________(choose)istotakethedeservingpersontodinner,orto6.____________entertainmentorasportingevent.7.____________thecontrary,giftgivin

gisatraditionalcustominJapan.InJapanthepropergiftisthought8.____________(express)thegiver’struefriendship,gr

atitudeandrespectfar9.____________(well)thanwordscan.SoifyouplantovisitJapanortohaveanyJapanesevisityouhe

re,beprepared.Australiaisknownforitsfriendlinessandinformality.Somodestgifts,suchasadiary,apaperweight,oracoffeecupmight10.____________(presen

t)toafriend.Atatradeshow,T­shirts,ties,baseballcaps,orapinmaybeappropriatesouvenirs.Anythingmorethanthesetypes

ofgiftscouldcauseembarrassment.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。1．and解析：考查连词。根据空前的“Australia,Canada,theUnitedStates”和空后的“Europeanc

ountries”可知，空处前后为并列关系，故用并列连词and。2．giving解析：考查动名词。avoiddoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。3．countries解析：考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知，可数

名词country应当用复数形式。4．expensive解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词gifts，故用形容词形式。5．choice解析：考查名词。根据空前的形容词good和不定冠词A可以判断，空处应用

名词的单数形式。6．an解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。7．On解析：考查固定搭配。onthecontrary为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。8．toexpress解析

：考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。bethoughttodosth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，故用动词不定式。9．better解析：考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，该处用well的比较级。10．bepresented解析：考

查被动语态。该句主语modestgifts和动词present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。Ⅳ短文改错(2018·辽宁五校协作体联合模拟)Challengesoflifeareofgreatimportanceinourgrow.Theyremindmemyd

aysinseniorhighschoolwhichIjoinedinthemilitarytraining.ItwasthefirsttimeIhavelivedawayfrommyhome，soIfounditdifficulttofitin.Andthetrainingo

fficerwasstrictinme.IoncethoughtIcouldn’tsticktotheend.Butanyway，Iwassucceeded.Thetrialsmadeitmucheasyformetoadapt

tolife，butthedifficultiesIcameacrosshavenowbecomeapreciousmemoryinmylife.Inshort,learningtoregardthechallengesoflif

easthesteppingstonetofuturesuccessandmakethebestofthem.答案：Challengesoflifeareofgreatimportanceinourgrowgrowth.T

heyremindme∧ofmydaysinseniorhighschoolwhichwhenIjoinedinthemilitarytraining.ItwasthefirsttimeIhavehadlivedawayfrommyhome，soIfoundit

difficulttofitin.Andthetrainingofficerwasstrictinwithme.IoncethoughtIcouldn’tsticktotheend.Butanyway,Iwas＼succeeded.Th

etrialsmadeitmucheasyeasierformetoadapttolife，butandthedifficultiesIcameacrosshavenowbecomeapreciousmemoryinmylife.In

short，learninglearntoregardthechallengesoflifeastheasteppingstonetofuturesuccessandmakethebestofthem.