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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·成都高三诊断)Flauberthaditthat“onewayoftoleratingexistenceistoloseoneselfinliteratureasinanunendingparty”.Itturnsoutthatreadingdoe

sn’tonlyhelpustotolerateexistence,butactuallylengthensit.ArecentstudybyYaleUniversityresearchers,publishedonlineinthejournalSocialScience&Medicine,

concludedthat“bookreadersexperienceda20percentreductionintheriskofdeathoverthe12yearsoffollow-upcomparedtonon-readers”．Thedatawasobtain

edfromthestudysponsoredbytheNationalInstituteonAging.Thestudylookedat3，635subjects,allolderthan50,whomthere

searchersdividedintothreegroups：thosewhodidn’treadbooks,thosewhoreadupto3.5hoursaweekandthosewhoreadmorethan3.5hoursaweek.Thefindi

ngswereremarkable：onaverage,bookreaderssurvivedalmosttwoyearslongerthanthosewhodidn’tcrackopenabook.Themorethesubjectsread,

thelongertheylived,butaslittleas30minutesadaywasstillbeneficialintermsofsurvival.Accountingforfactorssuchaseducationlevel,incomeand

healthstatus,thestudyfoundthatthosewhoreadmorethan3.5hoursweeklywere23percentlesslikelytodieduringthat12-yearperiod.Thosewhoreadupto3.5ho

urs—anaverageofahalfhouraday—were17percentlesslikely.“Inotherwords,justlikeahealthydietandexercise,booksappeart

opromoteasignificantsurvivaladvantage，”theauthorsconcluded.Whyorhowthat’s__the__caseremainsunclear；theresearchshowed

onlyanassociationbetweenbookreadingandlongevity,notacausalrelationship.Butthefindingsarenotsosurprising.Oth

errecentresearchshowedthatreadingnovelsappearstoincreasebothbrainconnectivityandsympathy.【解题导语】研究发现，阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁。1

．WhydoestheauthormentionFlaubert’swordsinthefirstparagraph?A．Tostressthevalueofreading.B．Tocomparereadingwithaparty

.C．Tointroducethestudyonreading.D．Tosupportthefindingsofthestudy.C解析：推理判断题。文章第一段引用Flaubert的名言说明读书的作用，接着第二段介绍了耶鲁大学关于读书与死亡风险之间关系的研究。据此可以判断，引用Flauber

t的名言旨在介绍对阅读的作用的研究，故C项正确。2．Fromthetext,whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A．Nosimilarstudyonreadinghasbeencarriedout.B．Theprocessofthestudylastedmo

rethantenyears.C．Itshowsreaderslivetwoyearslongerthannon-readers.D．Itshowstimespentonreadingincreasesone’sloveforit.B解析：细节理解题

。根据第二段中的“bookreaders...tonon-readers”可知，在12年的跟踪调查中发现，与不读书的人相比，阅读者的死亡风险降低了20%。据此可知，该项调查持续了十多年，故B项正确。3．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“that’sthecase”probably

mean?A．Readingbooksenablespeopletolivelonger.B．Readingissimilartoahealthydietandexercise.C．Readingbooksisc

loselyassociatedwithlongevity.D．Readingincreasesbrainconnectivityandsympathy.A解析：词义猜测题。根据上文中的“booksappeartopromoteasignificantsurvivaladvantage”及上文所

述的研究结论“读书可以延长寿命”和该句“Whyorhowthat’s__the__case...notacausalrelationship.”可知，阅读为什么以及以什么方式延长读者寿命，人们仍然不清楚。据此可知，画线词指代研究表明的“读书可以延长寿命”，故A项正确。4．Wherecanwemo

stprobablyreadthistext?A．https：//www.theguardian.com/life-and-style/family.B．https：//www.barnesandnoble.com/books/coming-soon.C．https：//www.was

hingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health.D．http：//www.thebookbag.co.uk/Book-Recommendations.C解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了阅读和长寿有一定的联系，阅读者

的平均寿命比不读书的人长将近两岁，阅读能增强大脑的功能。据此可以判断，本文属于健康话题，因此最可能摘自健康网站，故C项正确。B(2018·河南实验中学模拟)ThepoliceinTaiwanareunabletojudgewhethertotreatitasanextremelyc

leveractofstealingoranevencleverercheat.Eitherway,itcouldbetheperfectcrime,becausethecriminalsarebirds—homingpigeons!Thecrim

ebeginswithatelephonemessagetotheownerofastolencar:Ifyouwantthecarback,payup.Then,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofindabirdcageandhowtoattac

hmoneytotheneckofthepigeoninside.Carryingthemoneyinatinybag,thepigeonfliesoff.Therehavebeenatleastfoursuchpigeonpick－upsinChangwa.Whatatfirstseeme

dliketheworkofacleverstay－at－homecarthief,however,mayinfactbetheworkofanevenlazierandmoreinventivecriminalmin

d—onethatavoidsnotonlycollectingmoneybutalsogoingouttostealthecarinthefirstplace.PoliceofficerChensaysthatthecriminalprobablyhaspulledad

oubletrick:Hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.Insteadofstealingcars,heletssomeoneelsedoitandthenwaitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaper

askingforhelp.Thetheoryissupportedbythefactthat,sofar,noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned.Also,theamountofmoneydemanded—under3，00

0Taiwandollars—seemstoolittleforacarworthmanytimesmore.Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoneystoppedassoonasthepressreport

edthestory.Andeveniftheystartagain,Chenholdslittlehopeofcatchingthecriminal.“Wehavemoreimportantthings

todo，”hesaid.【解题导语】本文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为。台湾的警察无法断定这到底是聪明的盗窃行为还是更加聪明的诈骗行为，因为罪犯是信鸽。5．Afterthecar－ownerreceivedaphonecall,he________．A．wenttoac

ertainpigeonandputsomemoneyinthebagitcarriedB．gavethemoneytothethiefandhadhiscarbackinaparkC．sentsom

emoneytothethiefbymailD．toldthepressaboutitA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Then,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofin

dabirdcageandhowtoattachmoneytotheneckofthepigeoninside.”可知，车主接到电话后，他会被指示去某个公园找到鸟笼，把钱系到鸟笼内鸽子的脖子上。故选A项。6．Thewritermentionsthefa

ctthat“noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned”toshow________．A．howeasilypeoplegetfooledbycriminalsB．whatChenthinksmightbecorrectC．thethiefis

extremelycleverD．themoneypaidistoolittleB解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.”可知，警察

认为那些丢车的人根本不可能拿回他的车。故选B项。7．Theunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphrefersto________．A．criminalsB．pigeonsC．th

estolencarsD．demandsformoneyD解析：词义猜测题。上文提到一旦报纸报道了这件事，这样的事情就没有了。由此可知they就是指代上文提到的Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoney。故选D项。8．Wemayinferthatthecrimin

alknowshowtoreachthecar－ownersbecause________．A．hereadstheadsinthenewspaperB．helivesinthesameneighborhoodC．hehasseenthec

ar－ownersintheparkD．hehastrainedthepigeonstofollowthemA解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“...waitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaperaskingforhelp.

”可知，罪犯看了报纸上的广告然后找到丢车的人。故选A项。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·甘肃诊断)Asachild,Janewasfondofanimals.Asaconsequence,whenshewasgrowingup,allsheeverheardwasasfollows,“Jan

e,youshouldbea(n)__1__.You’regoingtoachievegreatsuccessinthatfield.That’stheverythingyoushoulddointhefuture.”SowhenshegottotheOhioStat

eUniversity,shetookbiology,chemistryandsomeother__2__，studyinghardtobeavet.Lateron,shewonaRotaryAmbassad

orialScholarship，whichallowedhertospendher__3__yearstudyingabroadinManchester,England.Awayfromthefamilyandthe__4__fromthem,she

foundherselfonedaysittingatherdesk,surroundedbybiologybooksandstaringoutofthewindow,whenitsuddenlyhither：“I’mintotal__5_

_.Idon’twanttobeavet！”__6__shethoughtbackoverallthethingsshe’ddoneinherlifeandwhathadmadeherhappy.Andthenithither—itwasallo

ftheyouthleadershipconferencesthatshehadvolunteeredat__7__thecommunicationsandleadershipcoursesshehadtakenasselectivecoursesbackatOhio

State.“HowcouldIhavebeenso__8__？HereIaminmyfourthyearatschoolandjustfinally__9__thatI’monthewrongpath.Ijustneve

rtookthetimeto__10__ituntilnow，”shethought.__11__byhernewthought,JanespenttherestofheryearinEnglandtakingcoursesincommunicati

onsandmediastudies.When__12__toOhioState,shewas__13__abletoconvincetheadministrationtolethercreateherownprogramin“

leadershipstudies”，__14__ittookher2yearslongertofinallygraduate.She__15__tobecomeaseniormanagementadviserinleadershiptraininganddevelopm

entforthePentagon.She__16__foundedadrug-preventionorganizationthat__17__themessage,“Leadyourownlifewiththeskillandthe__18__tosayno.”So,never__19_

_someoneelse’sdreams.Ifyoulimityour__20__onlytowhatseemspossibleorreasonable,youdisconnectyourselffromwhatyoutrulywant.【解题导语】文章讲述了从小喜欢小

动物的简，一开始由于受到外界的影响，把当一名兽医、关爱动物作为自己的理想，并在大学学习了相关专业。后来发现，自己真正喜欢的是社交和管理专业，于是简作出了改变，最后取得了成就。1．A.engineerB．programmerC．doctorD．vetD解析：根据文

章第一句提到的简小时候很喜欢动物，以及该段最后一句中的vet可知，简总是听人说她长大后应该成为一名兽医(vet)。故选D项。2．A.subjectsB．objectsC．projectsD．programsA解析：根据设空前

的biology，chemistry可知，此处指简在大学里学习生物、化学还有其他课程。subject意为“课程”；object意为“物体”；project意为“工程”；program意为“项目”。故选A项。3．A.firstB．secon

dC．finalD．pastC解析：根据第三段中的fourthyear可知，简大学最后(final)一年在英国留学。故选C项。4．A.promiseB．stressC．complaintD．pressB解析：由第一段可知，简在家里的时候，家人在她未来职

业的选择上对她的干预比较大，而在英国学习期间，远离了家人，也就没有了来自家人的压力。promise意为“许诺”；stress意为“压力”；complaint意为“抱怨”；press意为“按，压”。故选B项。5．A.vainB．miseryC．delightD

．surpriseB解析：根据下文简所说的话Idon’twanttobeavet！可知，简很痛苦。inmisery意为“痛苦地”，符合语境。故选B项。invain意为“徒劳；无用”；indelight意为“高兴地”；insurpris

e意为“惊讶地”。6．A.ThenB．InsteadC．PerhapsD．SeldomA解析：空后是说她开始回忆过去所做的事情和那些让她高兴的事情。回忆这些事情是发生在她发现自己不想做兽医之后，故选A项，意为“然后”。instead意为“反而”；perhaps意

为“或许；可能”；seldom意为“很少；不常”。7．A.butB．orC．andD．soC解析：根据语境，youthleadershipconferences和communicationsandleadershipcourses都是简喜欢的事情，它们之间为并列关系。

故选C项。8．A.disturbedB．ignorantC．intelligentD．luckyB解析：根据语境，简喜欢的是社交和管理方面的课程，而不是兽医。这里表达的意思是“我怎么如此无知，大学四年级了才意识到选错了路(专业)”。ignorant

意为“无知的”，符合语境。故选B项。disturbed意为“不安的；烦恼的”；intelligent意为“聪明的”；lucky意为“幸运的”。9．A.awareB．unconsciousC．afraidD．satisfiedA解析：由语境可知，

简想换专业，也就是说她意识到当初选错了路(专业)。aware意为“意识到的”；unconscious意为“无意识的”；afraid意为“害怕的”；satisfied意为“满意的”。故选A项。10．A.completeB．accomplishC．pe

rmitD．admitD解析：此处为never/not...until结构。句中it指的是上文所说的“自己当初选错了专业”，因此，此处指直到现在她才承认这一点。complete意为“结束”；accomplish意为“完成；实现”；permit意

为“允许”；admit意为“承认”。故选D项。11．A.InspiredB．DisappointedC．EmbarrassedD．ConfusedA解析：根据空后的JanespenttherestofheryearinEnglandtakingcour

sesincommunicationsandmediastudies可知，简受到新想法的激励，开始学习通信和传媒专业。inspire意为“鼓舞；激励”；disappoint意为“使失望”；embarrass意

为“使尴尬”；confuse意为“使困惑”。故选A项。12．A.relatingB．returningC．respondingD．referringB解析：简本是在俄亥俄州大学学习，后获得奖学金去英国学习，此时指在

英国学习结束后，简返回美国俄亥俄州。returnto意为“返回”，符合语境。故选B项。relateto意为“与„„相关”；respondto意为“回应”；referto意为“涉及”。13．A.eventuallyB．especiallyC．hardl

yD．desperatelyA解析：简最终说服了学校的行政部门让自己创办自己的“领导课程”，尽管这让她毕业的时间延迟了两年。eventually意为“最终”；especially意为“尤其，特别”；hardly意为“几乎不”；desperately意为“绝望地，孤注一掷地”。根

据语境可知选A项。14．A.ifB．asC．althoughD．despiteC解析：“说服行政部门让自己创办自己的课程”和“延迟毕业”两者之间是让步关系，故选C项。15．A.managedB．failedC．tr

iedD．attemptedA解析：根据语境，简成为五角大楼领导力培训与发展的一名高级管理顾问。这里描述的是她的成功，所以选managed，managetodo意为“成功做”。fail意为“失败；未能做”；t

ry意为“努力”；attempt意为“尝试”。16．A.stillB．neverC．againD．alsoD解析：她还创办了毒品预防组织，这是在成为高级顾问之后又一个成功之处。所以用also，表递进。故选D项。17．A.provesB．conveysC．conclude

sD．warnsB解析：prove意为“证明”；convey意为“传递”；conclude意为“结束”；warn意为“警告”。这里指的是传递一种信息，故选B项。18．A.factB．chanceC．willD．truthC解析：fact意为“事实”；ch

ance意为“机会”；will意为“意志；意愿”；truth意为“真理”。由常识可知，在人生道路的选择过程中，抵御外界干扰需要的是“意志力”。故选C项。19．A.ignoreB．breakC．realizeD．liveD解析：此处提到的梦想就是第一段所说的周围的人根据简喜欢小动物给她描绘未来当

兽医的理想。ignore意为“忽视”；break意为“打破”；realize意为“实现”；liveone’sdreams意为“实践某人的梦想”。故选D项。句意为：所以，决不能去实践别人的梦想。20．A.smilesB．choicesC．mistakesD．reasonsB解析：句意为：如果你把人

生的选择仅局限在看似可能发生的和合理的事情上，那么你就会与你真正想成为的人失之交臂。smile意为“微笑”；choice意为“选择”；mistake意为“错误”；reason意为“理由”。故选B项。