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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·成都高三摸底测试)TheScottishcomposerEvelynGlennielostnearlyallherhearingasayounggirl，yetwentontoaverysuccessfulcareerinmusicincludingw

inningGrammyawards.Whensomebodyasksher，“Howdoyouhear？”Sheresponds，“Howdoyouhear？Isitonlywithyourears？”ForGlennie，a

ndforustoo，listeningisnotonlyhearing，butisunderstanding.Weneedtolistentowhatissaidandunsaid，andalsohowitissaid.It’simportan

ttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately.AsMarkTwainsaid，“Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightnin

gandthelightningbug(萤火虫)．”Ifyoumisssomethingoryou’renotsureyou’veheardaccurately，askthespeakers.Atthispointyou’renotevaluatingwh

attheysay，butjustlookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.Herearesomewaystogetclearaboutwhattheysayanddon’tsay.Whyaretheysayingthisno

w，insteadofsoonerorlater？Whyaretheyemphasizingthesepoints，insteadofsomethingelse?Listentohowitissaid.Peoplesendsignalsaboutwhattheymean

withtheirvoicesandbodylanguagethatsometimesdifferfromthewordstheysay.Whilegoingthroughthenextpoints，thinkaboutsomeonewhoserealmeani

ngyoumightsometimesmiss，andseeifanyofthesesignalsmightcomeup.First，voices.Whenothersspeak，noticechangesintheirvolume，pace，andtone.Second，bo

dylanguage.Noticegestures，eyecontact，andfacialexpressions.Dothesesyncwhattheyaresaying，ordotheytelladifferentstory？Third，emotions.Whatistheperson’

struefeeling？Nowyoumightnotknowforsure，butbeconsiderate，opentounderstanding，andaskthoughtfulquestions.【解题导语】本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言

外之意，并且要注意说话方式。1．What’sthewriter’spurposeofmentioningEvelynGlennie?A．Togiveanexampleofwisewords.B．Tointr

oduceaworld­famousmusician.C．Tohelpexplainthemeaningoflistening.D．Toencourageustofightagainstdisability.C解析：推理判断题。根据

第一段中的“ForGlennie，andforustoo，listeningisnotonlyhearing，butisunderstanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用

耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。2．WhatcanwelearnfromwhatMarkTwainsaid?A．ItisimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofE

nglishwords.B．Peopleshouldknowwordscanbeusedinmanydifferentways.C．Englishisaverycomplicatedlanguagewithalargevocabulary.D．Theslightdiffe

rencebetweenwordsmayresultinmisunderstanding.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It’simportanttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately.”和“Atthispointyou’renotevaluatingwha

ttheysay，butjustlookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解。”与MarkTwain所说的话意思相吻合

。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sync”probablymean?A．Match.B．Prove.C．Describe.D．Analyze.A解析：词义猜测题。画线词前的修饰词t

hese指代前一句中的“gestures，eyecontact，andfacialexpressions”；再根据画线词后的“whattheyaresaying，ordotheytelladifferen

tstory”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。故选A。4．Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．SpeakWhileYouListenB．ListenBeyondWordsC．ReadBetweenLinesD

．ThinkasYouTalkB解析：标题归纳题。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选B。B(2018·洛阳高三统考)Allovertheworldmothersandfathersteachtheirchildrenmanners.Otherchildre

nmayhavemannersthatarenotlikeyours.Thereareallkindsofmanners.Manyyearsago，childrenwhohadgoodmannerswereseenandnotheard.T

heykeptquitequietifgrown­upsweretalking.Today,well­manneredchildrenhavemorefreedom.Sometimesgoodmannersinoneplacear

ebadmannersinotherplaces.SupposeyouareavisitorinthelandofMongolia.Somefriendsaskyoutoeatwiththem.Whatkindofmannersdotheywan

tyoutohave?Theywantyoutogivealoud“burp(打嗝)”afteryoufinisheating.Burpingwouldshowthatyoulikeyourfood.Insomeco

untries,ifyougivealoudburp,youaretoldtosay“Excuseme,please.”Inmanyplacespeopleliketoeattogether.Butinsome

partsofPolynesiaitisbadmannerstobeseeneatingatall.Peopleshowgoodmannersbyturningtheirbacksonotherswhiletheyeat.Whataremannerslikein

anEastAfricantown?Thepeopletrynottoseeyou.Theyarebeingpolite.Youmayseeafriend.Hemaynotseeyouatall.Ifyouarepoli

te,youwillsitdownbesidehim.Youwillwaituntilhefinisheswhatheisdoing.Thenhewilltalktoyou.SupposeyouvisitafriendinArabia.Y

oushouldwalkbehindtheothertentsuntilyoucometohistent.Ifyoupassinfrontoftheothertents，youwillbeaskedintoeachone.Thepeoplewillaskyouto

eatwiththem.Anditisbadmannersifyousayno.Mannersaredifferentallovertheworld.Butitisgoodtoknowthatallmannersbegininthesameway.Peo

pleneedwaystoshowthattheywanttobefriends.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了世界上一些地方的礼仪。5．Howdidpolitechildrenbehaveinthepast?A．Byloo

kingintoadults’eyeswhiletalking.B．Bykeepingsilentwhileadultsweretalking.C．Byslippingintothehousewithoutb

eingheard.D．Bynotopeningtheirmouthsuntilspokento.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Theykeptquitequietifgrown-upsweretalking.”可知，过去，在大人们说

话时，儿童保持沉默是一种礼貌的行为。6．Whichcustomshouldwefollowinordertolookwell-mannered?A．Saying“Excuseme”onburpinginMong

olia.B．InvitinggueststodinnertogetherinPolynesia.C．TalkingwithafriendbeforehecompletesthingsinEastAfrica.D．AcceptinganeatinginvitationinArabia.D解析：

细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“Thepeoplewillaskyoutoeatwiththem.Anditisbadmannersifyousayno.”可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃饭的邀请是礼貌的行为。7．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．

Hearmuch，speaklittle.B．Loveme，lovemydog.C．WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.D．Dowhatyououghtto.C解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句“Mann

ersaredifferentallovertheworld.”可推知，礼仪因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入乡随俗。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·郑州质量预测)Iwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawom

anwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwasherturntopay,thecashier(收银员)__1__herbynameandaskedherhowshewasdoing.Thewomanlookeddown,shookherheadan

dsaid,“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjobandmy__2__sonisuptohisoldtricksagain.ThetruthisIdon’tknowhowI’mgoingto__3

__theholidays.”Thenshegavethecashierfoodstamps.Myheart__4__.Iwantedtohelpbutdidn’tknowhow.ShouldIofferto__5__hergroceriesoraskforherhusband

’ssituation?__6__Iwalkedintotheparkinglot,Ispottedthewomanreturninghershoppingcart.Irememberedsomethinginmy

pursethatIthoughtmighthelpher.Itwasn’tahandfulofcashoran__7__ofajobforherhusband,butmaybeitwouldmakeherlife__8__．Myhear

tbeatfasterasI__9__thewoman.“Excuseme，”Isaid,myvoicetremblingabit.“Icouldn’thelpoverhearingwhatyousaidtothecashier.Itsoundslikeyou

’regoingthroughareally__10__timerightnow.I’msosorry,butI’dliketogiveyousomething.”Itookasmallcardoutofmypurseand

__11__ittoher.Whenthewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords,shebegantocry.Andthroughher__12__，shesaid,“Youhavenoideahowmuchthis__13_

_tome.”Iwasalittle__14__byherreply.Havingneverdoneanythinglikethisbefore,Ididn’tknowwhatkindof__15__Imightreceive

.AllIcouldthinktorespondwas,“Oh,my!WoulditbeOKtogiveyoua__16__？”Afterwehugged__17__，Iwalkedbacktomycar—andbegantocrytoo.Thewordsonthecard?“YouMat

ter.”Afewweeksearlier,acolleaguegavemeasimilarcardas__18__foraprojectIwasworkingon.WhenIreadthecard,If

elta__19__glow(喜悦)spreadinsideofme.Deeplytouched,Icamehomeandorderedmyownboxof“YouMatter”cardsandstarted__20__them.【解题导语】本文讲述了“我”和一位老妇人之间的故事。“我”送给

一位生活不如意的老妇人一张卡片，上面写着“YouMatter”，这让她很感动。1．A.calledB．greetedC．recognizedD．heardB解析：根据该句中的“andaskedherhowshewasdoing”可知，收银员问她过得怎么样，据此可以判断

，收银员在和她打招呼(greeted)，故B项正确。A项意为“打电话”；C项意为“认出”；D项意为“听到”，都与语境不符。2．A.confidentB．independentC．hopelessD．stubbornC解析：根据该句中的“soni

suptohisoldtricksagain”可知，她的儿子故伎重演；据此可以判断，她对她的儿子是感到绝望的(hopeless)。A项意为“自信的”；B项意为“独立的”；D项意为“固执的”。3．A.thinkaboutB．giveupC．goonD．getthroughD解析：根据上文可知，她的丈

夫刚失业，儿子故伎重演，她过得不好；据此可以判断，她不知道如何度过(getthrough)假期。A项意为“考虑”；B项意为“放弃”；C项意为“继续”，都与语境不符。4．A.achedB．failedC．beatD．brokeA解析：根据下文的“Iwantedtohelpb

utdidn’tknowhow.”并结合第一段中老妇人对丈夫和儿子的描述可知，“我”听后感到心疼(ached)。B项意为“失败”；C项意为“跳动”；D项意为“破碎”。5．A.sendforB．provideforC．payforD．begforC解析：根据上文中的“Whenitwash

erturntopay”并结合该句中的“hergroceries”可知，“我”不知道如何帮助她，是不是可以帮她付款(payfor)。A项意为“索取，派人去叫”；B项意为“提供”；D项意为“乞求”。6．A.AsB．ThoughC．Unle

ssD．SinceA解析：当“我”走进停车场时，“我”看到她正退还购物车。A项意为“当„„时候”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“尽管”；C项意为“除非”；D项意为“自从„„以来”，都与语境不符。7．A.excuseB．offerC．exper

ienceD．opinionB解析：根据该句中的“ofajobforherhusband”可知，这并不是给她丈夫提供的一份工作。A项意为“借口”，C项意为“经历”；D项意为“观点”，都与语境不符。8．A.harde

rB．wealthierC．simplerD．betterD解析：根据上文中的“Notsogood”及该句中的“butmaybeitwouldmakeherlife”可以判断，“我”的帮助也许会让她的生活更好(better)一点。9．A.touchedB．

foundC．passedD．approachedD解析：根据语境可知，当“我”靠近(approached)她时，“我”的心跳得更快了。A项意为“触摸”；B项意为“发现”；C项意为“经过”，都与语境不符。10．A.happyB

．toughC．regularD．longB解析：根据第一段可知，她的丈夫刚失业，儿子故伎重演，她过得不好；据此可知，她此刻过着艰难的(tough)生活。A项意为“幸福的”；C项意为“经常的”；D项意为“长久的”，都与语境不符。11．A.handedB．showedC．sprea

dD．explainedA解析：根据语境可知，“我”从钱包里取出一张小卡片并递给(handed)她。B项意为“展示”；C项意为“传播”；D项意为“解释”，都与语境不符。12．A.thanksB．fearsC．tearsD．beliefsC解析：根据上文中的

“shebegantocry”可以判断，她含着泪(tears)和“我”说话。13．A.bringsB．meansC．valuesD．containsB解析：根据语境可知，此处表示“你不知道这对我意义(means)多大

”。A项意为“带来”；C项意为“珍视”；D项意为“包含”，都与语境不符。14．A.worriedB．excitedC．movedD．shockedD解析：根据下文中的“Havingneverdonean

ythinglikethisbefore”可知，“我”以前从来没有做过这样的事情，所以对她的反应有点儿震惊。A项意为“担心的，焦虑的”；B项意为“兴奋的”；C项意为“感动的”。15．A.reactionB．feelingC．expressionD．answerA解析：根据下文中的“AllIcoul

dthinktorespondwas”可以判断，“我”不知道自己会收到什么样的反应(reaction)。B项意为“感情”；C项意为“表达”；D项意为“答案”，都与语境不符。16．A.presentB．promiseC．hugD．rideC解析：根据下文中的“Afterwehugg

ed”可以判断，此处表示“我给你一个拥抱(hug)好吗？”，故选C。17．A.wildlyB．tightlyC．gentlyD．eagerlyB解析：根据语境可知，在“我们”紧紧拥抱之后“我”回到“我”的车上，也开始哭。A项意为“激烈地”；C项意为“温柔地”；D项意为“热切地”，都与语境不符。

18．A.progressB．effortC．encouragementD．praiseC解析：根据该句中的“foraprojectIwasworkingon”并结合下文的“Ifelta______glow(喜悦)spreadinsi

deofme”可知，同事给“我”这张卡片是为了鼓励“我”工作。A项意为“进步”；B项意为“努力”；D项意为“表扬”，都与语境不符。19．A.warmB．richC．softD．fierceA解析：根据语境可知，“我”感到一种温暖的(warm)喜悦

感在“我”身上传播。B项意为“丰富的”；C项意为“柔软的”；D项意为“凶恶的”，都与语境不符。20．A.gatheringB．enjoyingC．preparingD．sharingD解析：根据语境可知，“我”深受感动，回到家后开始将这些写着“YouMatter”的卡片分享(s

haring)给别人。A项意为“集中”；B项意为“享受”；C项意为“准备”，都与语境不符。