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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·成都诊断)Whatareyourretirementplans?Keepworking?Getmoreexercise?Orlearnsomethingnew?Youmayput__them__on__hold.There’sachancet

hat,soonerorlater,youmighthavetomovefurtherthanyouwerethinking,asfarasMars(火星)．OnThursday,NationalGeographicwillshowthefirsteverMarsshowhome,giv

ingearthlingsanideaofwhattheirlifecouldlooklikeontheRedPlanet.Setinthenot­so­distantyearof2037,theigloo­shapedstructurecouldbe

thehomeofyourfuture.ItshowsahousebuiltusingrecycledspacecraftpartsandMartiansoil,calledregolith,whichhasbeenmicrowa

vedintobricks.Somepartsofthehomearerecognisable—kitchen,bedroom—buttherearefundamentaldifferencesthatarevitalforhumansurvival.Ast

heMartianatmosphereisaroundonehundredthasthickastheEarth’s,peoplewillneedpermanentshelterfromthesunandsocietywillmovelargelyi

ndoors.Mostbuildingswillbeconnectedbyundergroundpassagesandthehouseswon’thavewindows.Thehomeswillhavesimulatedsolarlighting,orna

turallightthathasbeenbentseveraltimes.Wallswillneedtobe10to12feetthick,toprotectpeoplefromdangerousraysthatcanpassthroughsixfeetof

steel,andadoubleair­lockedentrancetokeepthehomeunderproperpressure.“Wedon’tthinkofourhousesasthingsthatkeepusal

ive,butonMarsyourhousewillbeasurvivalcentre，”saysStephenPetranek,authorofHowWe’llLiveonMars.Thisisnotjustt

hestuffofsci­fi.“TentotwentyyearsfromnowtherewillcertainlybepeopleonMars，”Petraneksays.“We’vehadthetechnologyfor30yearstolandpeopleonMar

s,butwehaven’thadthewill，”Petraneksays.“Buttwomainfactorshavecompletelyswungpublicattitudes.”Theprivatecompanies’participationhasfo

rcedgovernmentagenciestouptheirgame,andinfluentialfilmssuchasGravityandTheMartianhavecaughtsociety’seye.【解题导语】本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍。1．Whatcanwekno

wabouttheshowhomefromthetext?A．Ithasnowindowsordoorsduetosecurityconcern.B．Itsdesignpresentstheideaofenvironmentalprotection.C

．Ithasthickwallskeepingthehomeunderproperpressure.D．Itsundergroundpassagesconnectallthebuildingstogether.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可推知，火星样板房

的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件，体现了环保意识，故选B。2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“putthemonhold”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Pu

tthemoff.B．Givethemaway.C．Carrythemthrough.D．Takethemseriously.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句可推知，之前的列举都可能被搁置下来，而去火星居住迟早会成为可能，故选A

。3．AccordingtoPetranek,whathasspeduptheprocessofsendingpeopletoMars?A．ThegreatinfluenceofMarsshowhome.B．Thede

velopmentofrelatedtechnology.C．Thecompetitionfromprivatecompanies.D．ThepopularityofinfluentialbooksonMars.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The

privatecompanies’participationhasforcedgovernmentagenciestouptheirgame”可知，Petranek认为一些私人企业的参与促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进程，故选C。4．Whatisthebesttit

leforthetext?A．LivingonMars:PossibleorNotB．SendingPeopletoMars:YesorNoC．FirstEverShowHome:HowIsItMade?D．FutureHom

eonMars:WhatWillItBelike?D解析：标题归纳题。根据全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍，故选D。B(2018·广州高三综合测试)Manypeoplewo

uldlovetoleavetheirjobsbehindandhavealife-changingadventureoverseas.Theyimaginelyingunderpalmtreesasthesungoesdown.However，lifeoverse

asisnotalwayseasy，andmanyarenotpreparedfortheshockoflivinginanalienculture.ThehoneymoonperiodAtfirst，forth

osewhoactuallydecidetomoveabroad，lifeisanexcitingadventure.Theyenjoyexploringtheirnewsurroundings，andlifeseemsli

keanextendedholiday.Theydon’tmindtryingthelocalcuisineanddiscoveringthelocalculture.Theycanevenaffordtopractiset

heirforeign­languageskillswithoutfearofmakingmistakes.TroubleinparadiseInmanycases，whenpeopleconsidermovingtoanothercountry，theyoftenfail

torealizehowdifferentlifewillbe.Astimegoesby，theybecomefrustratedwhenlanguageandculturalmisunderstandingsbecomeadailyhead

ache.Inthisstage，thevisitorsbegintowithdrawfromlifeinthehostcountryandavoidspendingtimewithlocalpeopleinfavourofmixingwithothersfromtheirowncu

lturalbackground.TheroadtorecoveryGradually，mostvisitorsrealizetheymustacceptthedifferencesandnotfightagai

nstthem.Thischangeencouragesthemtoimprovetheirlanguageskillsandslowlytheymanagetodothethingstheycouldeasilydoathome，suchasopeningabankaccou

nt.Thisnew­foundconfidenceenablesthemtoseeasideoflifewhichveryfewtouristsgettowitness.Adjustingtolifeabroadcanoftenbearealproblem.Thesecret

toovercomeitistostoptryingtochangeyourhostcountry.Ifnot，yourisklosingyourdreamandhavingtoreturntotheoldlif

eyouwantedtoleavebehind.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。许多人因为喜欢冒险和探索，所以移居国外生活，但文化的差异和语言的不同又使得他们很沮丧，因此作者建议移居国外的人最好能够学好当地

语言以适应当地生活。5．Whydopeoplemovingabroadfeelexcitedatfirst?A．Theyfindforeignlivingmucheasier.B．Theyhavethenecessa

rylanguageskills.C．Theylovetheadventureandexploration.D．Theyenjoymeetingpeoplefromdifferentcultures.C解析：细节理解题。该题问的是移居海外的人最初感到兴奋的原因。根据Th

ehoneymoonperiod部分第一、二句可知，因为他们喜欢冒险和探索，所以会感到兴奋。故选C。6．Accordingtotheauthor，whatisthemainproblemmanypeo

plemovingabroadface?A．Homesickness.B．Cultureshock.C．Healthproblems.D．Lackofemployment.B解析：细节理解题。根据Troubleinparadise部分第二句以及联系本段内容可知，许

多移居海外的人面临的主要问题是文化冲击。故选B。7．Whatwouldtheauthorsuggestpeoplemovingabroaddo?A．Studythelocallanguage.B．Goonholidaysfrequently.C．Learnhowtoopenaba

nkaccount.D．Seekoutpeoplefromtheirhomecountry.A解析：推理判断题。根据Theroadtorecovery部分第二句以及最后一段可知，作者建议移居海外的人学习

当地的语言，这样才能够适应海外的生活。故选A。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·南昌十校模拟)WhenIwasyoung,likeyou,Ihadadream.Butmydreamwasn’tlikethatofan__1__kid.Itwastobethebesttennis

player__2__simplythebest“female”oneintheworld.__3__，Ihadafamilyencouragingmetofollowmydream.Ilearnedhowimpo

rtantitisto__4__adreamandtodreambig.MyfightbeganwhenIwasthreeandIhaven’ttakena__5__since.Buttoooften,mostwomenarenotsu

pportedorare__6__fromchoosingtheirpath.Ihopeitcouldbechanged.Forme,itwasa__7__ofresilience(坚忍)．Whatothers

markedas__8__aboutme—myrace,mygender—Iacceptedasfuelformysuccess.Ineverletanythingoranyone__9__me.Icontrolledmyfuture.Whenitcom

estoequalpay,itfrustratesme__10__Iknowfirst-handthatgenderdifferencesexist.Iwould__11__wantmydaughtertobepaidlessthanmysonforthesamework.Women

haveto__12__manybarrierstosuccess.Oneisthatweareconstantly__13__wearenotmen.Peoplecallmeoneofthe“world’sgreatestfemaleathletes”．Whydo

n’ttheysayLeBronisoneoftheworld’sbestmaleathletes?Weshouldneverletthisgo__14__．Weshouldbejudgedbyourachievementsbutnot_

_15__．ForeverythingIhaveachieved，Iam__16__tohaveexperiencedthehighsandlowsthatcome__17__success.Ihopemystorywillbea(n)__18__forwomentofightforth

eirdreams.Wemust__19__todreambig,andindoingso,weenablethenextgenerationofwomentobe__20__intheirpursuit

.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己的事为例呼吁全体女性勇敢追求成功，为争取性别平等而不懈努力。1．A.ambitiousB．excellentC．averageD．energeticC解析：根据“Itwastobethebesttenn

isplayer”以及下文内容尤其是“Peoplecallme...Whydon’ttheysayLeBronisoneoftheworld’sbestmaleathletes？”可知，此处指作者说自己小时候的理想与普通孩子的是不同的，故选average“普通的，一般的”。ambitiou

s“有野心的，有雄心的”；excellent“优秀的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。2．A.insteadofB．regardlessofC．otherthanD．morethanA解析：结合本文主旨以及下文中的“Peoplecallmeoneofth

e‘world’sgreatestfemaleathletes’．Whydon’ttheysayLeBronisoneoftheworld’sbestmaleathletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此强调的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的网球运动员，而不是最好的

女网球运动员。insteadof“而不是”；regardlessof“不管，不顾”；otherthan“除了”；morethan“多于，超出”。3．A.HopefullyB．FortunatelyC．Obvious

lyD．GenerallyB解析：幸运的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓励她追寻自己梦想的家人。此处亦与下文中的“Buttoooften,mostwomenarenotsupported...”形成对比。hopefully“有希望地

”；obviously“明显地”；generally“普遍地”。4．A.makeupB．setupC．careforD．pushforD解析：根据下文中的“Myfightbeganwhen...”“fightfortheirdreams”可知，这里指作者知道了为梦

想而努力是多么重要。pushfor“为……而努力，力争”。makeup“编造，构成”；setup“设立，建立”；carefor“照顾”。5．A.riskB．leaveC．breakD．chanceC解析：作者

从三岁时就开始为理想奋斗，自此从未间断。break“暂停，中断”，符合语境。6．A.defendedB．excusedC．discouragedD．dismissedC解析：但是通常，大多数女性不被支持，或者被阻止去选择自己的道路。discourage“阻

止，阻挠”，符合语境。defend“保卫，保护”；excuse“同意免除”；dismiss“去除，摒除”。7．A.thoughtB．questionC．momentD．bonusB解析：作者希望这种境况可以改变，在作者看来，这是有关“坚忍”

的问题(question)。thought“想法”；moment“时刻”；bonus“意外收获，奖金”。8．A.disadvantagesB．concernsC．qualificationsD．personalitiesA解析：根据下文中的“myrace

,mygender”“Iacceptedasfuelformysuccess”可知，此处指被别人列为作者的劣势(disadvantages)的东西，比如她的种族，她的性别，作者将它们视为追求成功的动力。concern“担忧”；qu

alification“资格”；personality“个性”。9．A.ignoreB．attackC．comfortD．limitD解析：根据下文中的“Icontrolledmyfuture.”可知，作者从不让任何事或任何人来限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未来。limit“限

制”，符合语境。10．A.althoughB．becauseC．unlessD．ifB解析：当谈起同工同酬问题时，作者感到懊恼，因为她自己亲身体验到性别差异的存在。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用because。11．

A.everB．evenC．neverD．justC解析：根据语境可知，作者永远不希望看到干了同样的工作，女儿得到的报酬却比儿子的少。never“从不，绝不”。12．A.breakdownB．takeafterC．layasideD．putawayA解析：为了获取成功

，女性不得不打破许多障碍。breakdown“打破，消除”，符合语境。takeafter“追赶，跟踪”；layaside“留存备用，把……放在一边”；putaway“猛吃，积蓄，把……收起来”。13．A.informedB．remindedC．

assuredD．criticizedB解析：其中一个障碍就是总有人提醒我们不是男性。remind“提醒，使想起”，符合语境。inform“通知，告知”；assure“使确信”；criticize“批判”。14．A.

unchallengedB．unpunishedC．uncompletedD．uncontrolledA解析：根据语境可知，作者在此想表达的是女性不能对此置之不理，而要敢于质疑。unchallenged“不被怀疑的，完全接受的，没有异议的”，符合语境。unpunished“未受惩罚的

”；uncompleted“未完成的”；uncontrolled“未受控制的，不加约束的”。15．A.appearanceB．positionC．backgroundD．genderD解析：对我们的评价应该依据我们的成就而不是我们的性别。gender“性别”，符合语境

。appearance“外貌”；position“职位”；background“出身背景，学历”。16．A.superiorB．gratefulC．indifferentD．preferableB解析：作者从心底里感谢经历过的伴随成功而来的起起伏伏。grateful“感激的，表示感谢

的”，符合语境。superior“更好的，占优势的”；indifferent“不感兴趣的，漠不关心的”；preferable“更可取的，更合适的”。17．A.withB．throughC．fromD．beyondA解析：参见上题解析。with“和，随着”，符合语境。18．A.inte

ntionB．inspirationC．solutionD．expectationB解析：作者希望她的故事可以激励女性为她们的梦想而奋斗。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)，使人产生动机的人(或事物)”，符合语境。intention“意图”；solu

tion“解决方法”；expectation“期待”。19．A.pauseB．agreeC．promiseD．continueD解析：女性必须继续心怀远大的理想，这样做的话，我们就给予下一代女性力量，给予她们追求成功的勇气。下文中的“t

henextgeneration”是暗示。continue“继续”，符合语境。20．A.expertB．enthusiasticC．braveD．learnedC解析：参见上题解析。expert“内行的，经验丰富的”；enthusiastic“热情的”；brave“勇敢的”；learn

ed“有学问的，博学的”。