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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)Theworldrecordholderforthenumberofuniversitydegreesisa70-year-oldItalian.Mr.LucianoBaiettilivesinthetownofVel

letrinearRomeandspendshisdayswalkingaroundhissmallhouseandgarden.Buteverymorningasearlyas3o’clock，hepullsou

thistextbooksandstartsstudying.Henowholds15bachelorsormaster’sdegreesfromuniversitiesacrossItaly，andisalreadyattemptinghis

16th.“Thankstobooks，Ifeelfree，”hetellstheBBCjournalists.“Afterall，thewordssharethesameroot，”hesays，referringtotheItalianwordslibro(book)a

ndlibero(free)．Thecertificatesprovinghistalenthangonthewallsofhisstudy，showingpeoplethathewaswritingnewpagesintheGuinnessBookofRecords.In2002h

egothiseighthdegreeinmotorskills.Andbeforethathealreadyhaddegreesinsociology，literature，law，politicalscienceandphilosophy

，mostfromRome’sfamousLaSapienzaUniversity,oneoftheoldestintheworld.Sincethen，hehasaddedsevenotherdegreestohislist，includingoneincriminology(犯罪学)，one

inmilitarystrategiesandthelatestoneintourisminFebruary2017.Allofthesethreewerefromonlineuniversities.“

EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango，”saysMr.Baietti.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。来自意大利的70岁的LucianoBaietti先生是已获得大学

学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者。1．WhatcanweknowaboutMr.Baiettifromthepassage?A．Hehasawiderangeoflearning.B．Heistheoldestworldrecordholder.C．Hehasgotcrazya

boutgettingdegrees.D．Hegotallhisdegreesbygoingtoschool.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三至五段可以推断LucianoBaietti先生的学习范围非常广泛。awideran

geof意思是“广泛的，多种多样的”，所以选项A正确。2．WhyhasMr.Baiettitriedtogetsomanydegrees?A．Toshowhistalent.B．Tochallengehimself.C．Tobecome

popular.D．Tobreaktheworldrecord.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandm

ybraincango”可知选项B正确。3．Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?A．Anewspaper.B．Abiography.C．Atravelmagazine.D．Astorybook.

A解析：推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第四段LucianoBaietti先生接受BBC采访的信息可以推断本文应该是一篇新闻报道。所以选项A正确。B(2018·南昌模拟)Nexttimeyouareblamedforbadb

ehavior,mainlyblameitonthewholeapple,pearoranyotheruncutfoodthatyourparentspackedinyourlunchbox.That’sbecausebitingintoanythingthatr

equirestheuseofthefrontteeth,islikelytocauserudebehaviorinkids!Atleastthat’stheconclusionsomeresearchersfromCornellUniversityhavemade,afterobservingt

hebehaviorof12studentsatasummercamp.Theresearchersbeganbydividingthestudentsintotwogroups.Onthefirstday,onegroupwasgivenchi

ckenonthebone.Theotherwasprovidedwiththesamechickencutintodelicious,bite－sizepiecessothattheonlywaytoeatitwaswithafork.Thefollowingday,th

efoodwasexchanged,sothatthefirstgroupreceivedthesmallpiecesandforks,whilethesecond,enjoyedthechickenonthebone.Eac

hdaythecampcounselorsalsogavethekidsstrictinstructionstoletthemstaywithinacirclewitha9－footradius.Theresearcherrecordedboththemealtimeandthenaskedbe

havioralexpertstoevaluatewhathappened.Theyagreedthatthekidsthatwererequiredtobitethefoodweretwiceaslikelytoshowaggressivebehavioranddisobeytheadul

ts,asthosethatfocusedoneatingtheirfoodwithforks.Ofcourse,thelatteralsoshowedsomerudebehavior.Ifthatisn’tbadenough,theformergroupwasalsomorelikel

ytoleavetheirspecialcircleandeven,standandjumponthepicnictables!ThishasmadeMr.Wansink,wholedtheresearchandhistea

m,concludethatforsomereasons,kidsthatbiteintotheirfoodaremorelikelytoexhibitbadbehaviorthanthoseforcedtoeatwithforks.Therefore,headvis

esparentstocutupthefoodtheyservetotheirkidstoenjoyapeacefulmeal!【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，孩子吃东西的方式可能会影响他们的行为举止。4．Whatprobablyres

ultsinkids’badbehavior?A．Thewaykidsbiteintofood.B．Thewayfoodiscooked.C．Theunhealthyfoodkidseat.D．Theirattitudetowardthefood.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一

段第二句That’sbecausebitingintoanythingthatrequirestheuseofthefrontteeth,islikelytocauserudebehaviorinkids！可知，孩子表现粗鲁和吃东西的方式有关。

故选A。5．Paragraph2mainlyshows________．A．theresultoftheresearchB．thetimeontheresearchC．thewaytheresearchwentonD．thedifficultiestheresearchfaced

C解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，研究者做了一个实验，主要是为了研究孩子的粗鲁表现是否和吃东西的方式有关。在实验中孩子们被分成两组，然后在两天里分别用不同的方式吃东西。故本段主要写的是实验方式。故选C。6．What

canwelearnaboutthestudentsatthesummercamp?A．Theyenjoyedthefoodthereverymuch.B．Theyexhibiteddifferentlev

elsofrudebehavior.C．Theywereaskedtobitethefoodwithcare.D．Theywerelikelytobehavebadlyfrequently.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句Theyagreedthatthe

kidsthatwererequiredtobitethefoodweretwiceaslikelytoshowaggressivebehavioranddisobeytheadults,asthosethatfocusedoneati

ngtheirfoodwithforks.可知，因吃饭方式的不同，两组孩子粗鲁的行为出现的次数明显不同。故选B。7．WhatdoesMr.Wansinkadviseparentstodo?A．Toeatwiththeirkidsoften.B．Toteachtheirkid

showtoeatfood.C．Toservetheirkidswithsmallpiecesoffood.D．Toshowtheirkidsgoodbehavioroften.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Therefore,

headvisesparentstocutupthefoodtheyservetotheirkidstoenjoyapeacefulmeal！可知，Wansink先生建议家长把孩子吃的食物切成小块。故选C。C(2018·江西赣中南五校联考)Initsearlyhis

tory，Chicagohadfloodsfrequently，especiallyinthespring，makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople，horsesandcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwa

spopularatthetimewentlikethis：AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp，hereplies，“No，thanks.I

’vegotagoodhorseunderme.”Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system，buttheresimplywasn’tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightoftheg

roundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesb

roughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity’sstreetsbyasmuchas

12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem：dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice：eitherch

angethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements，andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors，orhoist(吊起)theentirebuil

dingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood­framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge，heavystructuresliketheTremontHotel,whichwasas

ix­storybrickbuilding?That’swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse­movingskillssuccessfully.To

liftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel，Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuilding’sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectio

nofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman’ssigneachmanturnedhisjackscrewsbythesameamountatthesametime，therebyraisingthebuildings

lowlyandevenly.Astonishingly，theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation，andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevenno

ticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago’searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolution

seemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago’swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver，thecity’snextstepwastocleanthepollutedrive

r.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了芝加哥为了应对洪水泛滥的问题而实行了一些解决方案的故事。8．TheauthormentionsthejokeinParagraph1toshow________．A．horseswere

fairlyusefulinChicagoB．Chicago’sstreetswereextremelymuddyC．ChicagowasverydangerousinthespringD．theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumo

rousB解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Initsearlyhistory，Chicagohadfloodsfrequently，especiallyinthespring，makingthestree

tssomuddythatpeople，horsesandcartsgotstuck.”可推知，作者提及这个笑话是为了表明芝加哥的街道非常泥泞，故选B。9．ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto________．A．getridofthe

streetdirtB．lowertheChicagoRiverC．fightagainstheavyfloodsD．buildthepipesabovegroundD解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“AnengineernamedElli

sChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.”可知，EllisChesbrough让城市规划者

相信在地上建管道才能解决洪水泛滥所带来的问题，故选D。10．WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?A．Itwentonsmoothlyasintended.B．Itinte

rruptedthebusinessofthehotel.C．ItinvolvedPullmaninturningtenjackscrews.D．Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.A解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可推知，用螺旋千斤顶

把theTremontHotel升高的事项进展顺利，故选A。11．ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago’s________．A．popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB．environmental

disastersandtheircausesC．engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD．successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievementsC解

析：主旨大意题。结合全文可知，本文主要讲的是早期芝加哥如何应对洪水泛滥的问题的故事，故选C。D(2018·四川绵阳诊断)Lonelinessislikeadisease,andwhat’sworse,it’scontagious.Itcan

spreadfromonepersontoanother,accordingtotherecentresearchthatstressesthepowerofoneperson’semotionstoaffectevenpeoplehedoe

sn’tknow.Thenewanalysis,involving4，793peoplewhowereinterviewedeverytwoyearsbetween2005and2015,showedthatafriendofalonelype

rsonwas52%morelikelytodevelopfeelingsoflonelinessbythetimeofthenextinterview.Afriendofthatpersonwas25%mo

relikely,andafriendofafriendofafriendwas15%morelikely.“Lonelinessisnotjustthepropertyofanindividual.Itcanbetransmittedacro

sspeople—evenpeopleyoudon’thavedirectcontactwith，”saidJohnT．Cacioppo,apsychologistoftheUniversityofC

hicagowholedthestudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.Lonelinesshasbeenlinkedtomedicalproblems,includi

ngdepression,sleepproblemsandgenerallypoorerphysicalhealth.Identifyingsomeofthecausescouldhelpreducetheemotionandimprovehealth

,expertssaid.Althoughthestudydidnotexaminehowlonelinessspreads,Caciopposaidanotherresearchhasprovidedclues.“Let’ssayforwhateverreasonyougetlone

ly.Youtheninteractwithotherpeopleinamorenegativefashion.Thatputstheminanegativemoodandmakesthemmorelikelytointeractw

ithotherpeopleinanegativefashionandtheyminimizetheirsocialtiesandbecomelonely，”Caciopposaid.AccordingtoCaci

oppo,lonelinessspreadmoreeasilyamongwomenthanmen,perhapsbecausewomenweremorelikelytoexpressemotions.Lonelype

oplebecomelessandlesstrustingothers.Thismakesitmoreandmoredifficultforthemtomakefriends—andmorelikelythatsoci

etywillrejectthem.Therefore,itisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.Cacioppoemphasizespeoplewhohavebeenpushedtotheedgesofsocietys

houldreceivehelptorepairtheirsocialnetworks.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项新的数据分析向我们介绍了孤独的危害。12．Itcanbeconcludedfromthefirs

tparagraphthat________．A．lonelinessspreadsinsocialnetworksB．emotionsareonlytransmittedbetweenfriendsC．m

oreandmorepeoplearesufferingfromlonelinessD．lonelinessisactuallyakindofdiseaseA解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“it’scontagious.Itcanspreadfromonepersontoanother”可知，孤

独是可以传染的，它可以从一个人传给另一个人，故选A。13．AccordingtoCacioppo,lonelypeople________．A．relyheavilyonothersB．aremorelikelytotrustothersC．arelesslikelytobe

rejectedbyfriendsD．willprobablybedesertedbysocietyD解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“morelikelythatsocietywillrejectthem”可知，Cacioppo认为孤独的人可能会被社会抛弃

，故选D。14．Theword“minimize”inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．increaseB．reduceC．createD．keepB解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可

推知，孤独的人用一种消极的方式去和别人交往，这会减少他们的社会关系，让他们变得孤独，故选B。15．Whatshouldlonelypeopledotogetridofloneliness?A．Refuset

hehelpgivenbyothers.B．Admitandtrytosolveit.C．Interactwithothersmorenegatively.D．Expressemotionsmoreoften.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“The

refore,itisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.”可知，承认和应对孤独很重要，故选B。Ⅱ七选五(2018·广州检测)Philadelphiaisacityknownformanythings.ItiswheretheDeclara

tionofIndependencewassignedin1776,anditwasalsothefirstcapitaloftheUnitedStates.1.________Itishometonearly3，000murals(壁画)pai

ntedonthesidesofhomesandbuildingsaroundthecity.That’smoremuralsthananyothercityonEarth.2.________More

than20yearsago,aNewJerseyartistnamedJaneGoldenstartedaprogrampairingtroubledyouthwithartiststopaintmuralsonafewbuildingsa

roundthecity.3.________Theteenagersinvolvedhelpedtocreatemagnificentpiecesofart,andtherewereother,evenmoreimportant,benefits.Theyoungpeoplelearne

dtocooperateandgetalongwithmanydifferentkindsofpeopleduringthepainting.Theylearnedtoberesponsible,becausetheyneededtofollowascheduleto

makesurethemuralswerecompleted.4.________ItishardforanyonetoseethespectaculardesignsandnotfeelproudtobeapartofPhiladelphia.Takeawalkaroundso

meofthepoorestneighbourhoodsinPhiladelphiaandyouwillfindbeautifulworksofartonthesidesandfrontsofbuildings.Ofcoursethemuralsarenotjustinpoorneighbou

rhoods,butricheronesaswell.Specialbusestaketouriststodifferentpartsofthecitytoseethevariousmurals,whichshowt

hediverseethnicgroupsthatcallPhiladelphiahome.5．________ItisalsoamodelforothercitiesthroughoutAmerica

seekingtohelptroubledyouth.A．Howdidthiscometobe?B．Whathappenedtothemuralsonearth?C．Theyalsolearnedtotakeprideinthe

ircommunity.D．ButonefactaboutPhiladelphiaisnotsowell­known.E．Fromthissmallproject,somethingmagicalhapp

ened.F．Theprogramencouragedtroubledyouthtopainttogetherwiththeirteachers.G．Asaresultofitssuccess,themuralprog

ramhasnowbecomethenation’slargestpublicartprogram.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了费城壁画的发展历史及其重大意义。1．D解析：由本段第一句可知，费城因为许多东西而闻名。D项“但是有一个事实不是很为人所知”是对前文的转折，同时引出本

文所要介绍的内容，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。2．A解析：上一句介绍了费城拥有比世界其他城市都多的壁画；下文介绍了费城壁画发展的历史。A项“这是怎么出现的？”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。3．E解析：根据下一句中的“th

erewereother,evenmoreimportant,benefits”可知，这些问题少年参与到壁画的创作中，并且在这个过程中带来了更重要的益处。E项“从这个小小的项目中，一些神奇的事情发生了”引出了对壁画益处的介绍，符合语境。故选E项。4．C解析：根

据下一句“Itishardforanyone...notfeelproudtobeapartofPhiladelphia.”可知，人们开始将这些壁画当作是费城引以为傲的一部分。C项意为“他们同样学会了为自己的社区感到骄傲”，句中的“also”承接上文，takepridein与下文中的“

feelproud”相呼应，承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。5．G解析：根据下一句“Itisalsoamodelforothercities...”可知，最后总结了壁画对费城产生的影响。G项意为“由于它的成功，这个壁画项目已经成为整

个国家最大的公共艺术项目”，是对费城壁画的地位评价，总结全文，符合语境。故选G项。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·长郡中学实验班选拔考试)Oneofthemostremarkablethingsabo

utthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour__1__wecanseewhathasnotyethappened.Forexample，whilewearelookingforwardto__2__anewplaceor

country，we__3__whatitwillbelike.Wepredictthe__4__peoplewilleat，dressandact.Ofcourse，wedonotalwayspredictthings__5__

.Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe__6__themtobe.Oneofthe__7__dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule，whohadbeen__8__towork

outaverydifficultprobleminphysics.Hehad__9__andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays，butthere__10__tobenowayof__11__outtheanswer.Thenonenighthewen

ttobedanddreamed.Whenhe__12__up，herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis__13__.Itissaidthatinordertofigureouttheprocess，thehypnoti

st(催眠师)satinthechairoppositehimandspoke__14__：“Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.Thinkabout__15__.Youknownothingbutmyvoice.Andasyoupayattentiont

omyvoice，your__16__willgetheavier.Soonyou’llbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand__17__mywords，butyourbodywillbeas

leep，youreyesaretooheavy.Youare__18__asleep，andwhenyouwakeupyouwill__19__nothing.Youwillforgeteverything.NowIamgoingto__20__slowlyfromonetofi

ve.One，two，three，four，five...”【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过德国科学家Kekule的故事，说明了人类大脑的神奇能力。1．A.brainsB．sensesC．mindsD．sightsC解析：根据

前一句“Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象未来的能力；据此可知，空处指“思维”

，故C项正确。2．A.visitingB．seekingC．reachingD．discoveringA解析：根据该句中的“anewplaceorcountry”可以判断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(

imagine)那里会是什么样子。3．A.imagineB．knowC．feelD．guessA解析：参见上题解析。4．A.customB．habitC．styleD．wayD解析：根据该段最后一句中的“theway”，并结合该

句“Wepredictthe______peoplewilleat，dressandact.”可知，我们总会预测(这个地方的)人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式。D项意为“方式”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为

“风俗”；B项意为“习惯”；C项意为“风格”。5．A.quicklyB．simplyC．correctlyD．neatlyC解析：根据空处后一句“Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe______themtobe.

”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以判断，我们不是总能正确地(correctly)预测事物。6．A.requiredB．wishedC．leftD．expectedD解析：参见上题解析。expect“预料，预期”。7．A.fun

nyB．dullC．famousD．sillyC解析：根据该句中的“dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦

之一是德国科学家Kekule的梦。C项意为“著名的”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“有趣的”；B项意为“无趣的”；D项意为“愚蠢的”。8．A.managingB．tryingC．thinkingD．hopingB解析：根据该句中的“Kekule，whoha

dbeen______toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics”及下文可知，Kekule一直在努力解一道物理难题；trytodosth.意为“努力做某事”，符合语境，故B项正确。managetodosth.意为“设法做成某事”强调结果，与

语境不符。9．A.studiedB．learnedC．discussedD．searchedA解析：根据该句中的“Hehad______andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays”可知，他从多个角度研究(studied)和分析了这个难题。10．

A.usedB．oughtC．seemedD．hadC解析：根据该句中的“butthere______tobenowayof____outtheanswer”可知，似乎没有办法弄清答案。seem意为“似乎，好像”符合语境，故C项正确。11．A.bringingB．fin

dingC．turningD．lettingB解析：参见上题解析。findout“弄清，查明”；bringout“使表现出”；turnout“结果是，证明是”；letout“发出”。12．A.gave

B．satC．wokeD．gotC解析：根据前一句“Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.”可知，空处表示他醒来时意识到自己知道了答案。wakeup为固定短语，意为“醒”，故C项正确。13．A.dreamB．lessonC．researchD．exerciseA解

析：根据上文中的“hewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe______up，herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.”可知，他在梦(dream)中解决了这个难题。14．A.sof

tlyB．loudlyC．slowlyD．firmlyA解析：根据语境并结合常识可知催眠师应是柔和地(softly)说着话。15．A.everythingB．somethingC．nothingD．anythingC解析：根据空前一句“Iwantyoutoconcentr

ateonmyvoice.”及下文中的“Youknownothingbutmyvoice.”可知，空处应指什么都不要想。C项符合语境，故C项正确。16．A.eyesB．feetC．headD．bodyA解析：根据常识可知，被催眠师催眠时，眼睛会变得沉重。故选A项。17．A.believeB．re

peatC．takeD．understandD解析：根据该句中的“Youwillhearmyvoiceand______mywords”可知，此处指听到声音并理解听到的话。understand“理解，明白”，符合语境。18．A.reallyB．extremelyC．a

ctuallyD．almostD解析：根据空处前一句可知，此处指你几乎(almost)要睡着了。19．A.acceptB．rememberC．hearD．receiveB解析：根据下文中的“Youwillforgeteve

rything.”可知，空处指你将什么都不记得。B项符合语境，故B项正确。20．A.countB．sayC．addD．speakA解析：根据文中的“NowIamgoingto______slowlyfromonetofive.One，two，three，four，five...”可

知，此处表示数数；A项意为“(按顺序)数数”，符合语境，故A项正确。Ⅱ语法填空Severalyearsago,BoyanSlat,athen19－year－olduniversitystudentinHolland,madethec

laimthathe1.____________cleanuptheocean’svastaccumulationofplasticsinaboutfiveyears.2．____________ascu

badivingholidayinGreece,BoyanSlat,aged16,foundtherewere3.____________(many)plasticbagsthanfishinthesea.Hestartedseekingforasolutiontooceanpla

stic4.____________(pollute)．Thenhedecidedtomakehisintentionspublic.Itsoundedlikeapipe－dreamtomanywhenSlatfirst

describedhisidea,buthefeltitwassimple.Slatcameupwith5.____________hecalledafloating“OceanCleanupArray(排列)”．Insteadofgoi

ngaftertheplastics,hedesignedanarrayoflongfloatingbarrierstolettheoceancurrentsconcentratetheplastic6.____________(it)．T

hesystemoffloatingbarriersisoveramilelong.Thesystemhaditsfirstproof－of－concepttest,which7.____________(perform)intheAzoresIslands.Afterpr

ovingthefeasibility(可行性)ofthearrayindoingwhatitwassupposedtodo,therealevaluationofthearraywilltakeplace,inatwo－yearpilotprojectinr

eal－worldconditionsoffthecoastofTsushima,anisland8.____________(lie)betweenJapanandSouthKorea.Thispilotprojectisworthwatchi

ngtoseeifit9.____________(work).Andifitdoesworkas10.____________(expect),wehavesomethingevenbiggertolookforwardto.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。几年前，19岁的大学生Boyan

Slat宣称他要在五年里清理掉海洋里大量的塑料制品。随后，他设计出了自己的一套方案。这项试点工程能否达到预期的效果呢，我们将拭目以待。1．could/would解析：考查情态动词及时态。根据主句谓语动词made可知从句要用过去的某种时态，由“cle

anup”可知此处用情态动词could/would。2．During解析：考查介词。根据“holiday”可知此处用During，意为“在……期间”。3．more解析：考查形容词比较级。根据than可知此处用many的比较级more。4．pollu

tion/pollutants解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词plastic“塑料的”可知此处填名词，表示污染或污染物用pollution/pollutants。5．what解析：考查从句引导词。代词what相当于theideathat，它同时作cameupwith

和called的宾语。6．itself解析：考查代词。句意为：他设计了一排长长的漂浮的障碍物让洋流跟着塑料制品。itself在此指塑料制品本身，作theplastic的同位语。7．wasperformed解析：考查动词时态与语态。关系代词which指代先行词test，它与谓语动词perform之间

构成被动关系，结合主句谓语动词had可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。8．lying解析：考查非谓语动词。分词短语lyingbetweenJapanandSouthKorea作anisland的后置定语，分词与被修饰词之间构成主动关系。9．works解析：考查动词时态。根据下句“doeswo

rk”可知此处用一般现在时。句意为：这个试点工程值得关注，看它能否有用。10．expected解析：考查动词时态。根据语境可知，此处是一个省略句，即as(itis)expected，意为“正如被期待的

那样”。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018·河北衡水中学大联

考)Howdonativespeakerstrulyfeelwhenspeakingwithnon-nativeEnglishspeakers?Itseemsthat61.____________(break)Englishannoysthem.However,theykee

pbeingreallynicewhenspeakingwithnon­nativespeakers.Iwonderhowtheyreallyfeelwhendoingso.Ithinkitwoulddepend62.____________thenativeEnglishspe

akers.Somepeoplearejust63.____________(easy)annoyed.Personally,IstudySpanish.WhenIhearsomeone64.____________(attempt)English,

IampatientwiththembecauseIknow65.____________difficultitistotalkinanon-nativetongue.IalsoknowEnglishisverydiff

icult66.____________(learn),andthatincreasesmyrespectfortheirefforts.I’mapatientpersonbynature.Thesituationmatterstoo.IfIwerewaiting67.____________(t

able)onasupercrowdeddayandreally68.____________(need)todoaboutadozendifferentthings,Imightbecomeupsetathavingtowaitforsomeonetostrugglew

hileorderinghismeal.Therealsoexiststhe69.____________(possible)thatwhatisconsideredasannoyanceisnottruean

noyance.Imightfrown(皱眉)whilelisteningtoanon-nativespeaker,70.____________thatwouldbebecauseIamconcentratingandlisteninghardtounderstandhim.Itwouldn’t

meanI’matallannoyed.【解题导语】当一个母语是英语的人听到一个人说着蹩脚的英语时是什么感受？厌烦还是耐心倾听？本文就此问题进行了讨论。61．broken解析：考查词性转换。句意：似乎蹩脚的英语让他们感到厌烦。修饰名词用形容词，故填动词break的

形容词形式broken，意为“蹩脚的；不流利的”。62．on/upon解析：考查介词。句意：我认为这要取决于英语为母语的人。dependon/upon是固定搭配，意为“依赖；取决于”。故填on/upon。63．easily解析：考查词性转换。句意：有些人就是容易生气。

设空处修饰动词，要用副词，故填easily。64．attempting解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我听到有人努力说英语时，我很耐心是因为我知道用非母语交流是多么不容易。此处为“hear＋宾语＋宾补”结构，

attempt与宾语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且此处指听到有人正在努力说英语，故用现在分词作宾补。故填attempting。65．how解析：考查宾语从句。句意见上一题解析。此处为感叹句用作宾语从句，用于加强语气。设空处修饰形容词difficul

t，故填how。66．tolearn解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我也知道英语很难学，那增加了我对他们的努力的尊重。在“itis＋adj.＋todo...”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式(短语)作真正的主语，故填tolearn。67．tables解析：考查

名词单复数。句意：如果我正在人超级多的一天招待顾客，且真的需要做很多件不同的事情，我可能会因不得不等待在点餐时纠结不已的人而感到心烦意乱。waittables是固定短语，意为“招待顾客”。故填tables。68．needed解析：考查动词的时态。句意见上一题解析。根据并列连词and可知，前后时

态应该一致，故填过去式needed。69．possibility解析：考查词性转换。句意：也存在这样的可能性，有些烦恼不是真的烦恼。定冠词the后接名词形式，且根据谓语动词exists可知，应填形容词possible的名词形式possibility。70．but/

yet解析：考查连词。句意：听非母语的讲话者说话时，我可能紧皱着眉头，但那是因为我在聚精会神地努力去听懂他。根据句意可知，前后文是转折关系。故填but/yet。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10

小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该

加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018·河北衡水中学大联考)MayIhaveyoua

ttention，please？Ihadsomethingimportanttotellyou.OurschoolwillorganizeavisittheNationalMuseumofChinaonSaturdaymorning，De

cember10.TheNationalMuseumofChina，whereliestotheeastofTian’anmenSquare，coversanareaofabout70，000squaremeter.Wewillgatherataschoolgateandstart

ingoutat7：30inthemorning.Ourvisitstartsat8o’clockbutitwilllastthreehours.Pleasetakeupyournotebooksandpenswithyou.Inaddition，duringthevisit，plea

sekeepquietly.Doremember7：30，Saturdaymorningattheschoolgate.That’sall.Thankyou.答案：MayIhaveyouyourattention，please

？Ihadhavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Ourschoolwillorganizeavisit∧totheNationalMuseumofChinaonSaturdaymorning，December10.TheNationalMuseumofChina

，wherewhichliestotheeastofTian’anmenSquare，coversanareaofabout70，000squaremetermeters.Wewillgatheratatheschoolgateandstartingstartoutat7：30inthem

orning.Ourvisitstartsat8o’clockbutanditwilllastthreehours.Pleasetakeup＼yournotebooksandpenswithyou.Inaddition，duringthevisit，

pleasekeepquietlyquiet.Doremember7：30，Saturdaymorningattheschoolgate.That’sall.Thankyou.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·湖南十三校联考

)假设你是李华，你和学校外教Mr.Brown约好下周末去岳麓山玩，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：1．表示歉意；2．解释原因；3．另约时间。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dea

rMr.Brown，IamLiHua,yourstudentinClass12.____________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：Dear__Mr.Bro

wn，I__am__Li__Hua,__your__student__in__Class__12.IamindeedverysorrythatIcan’tgotoYueluMountainwithyounextw

eek.Ifeeluneasyaboutitandwanttotellyouwhathappened.Justnow,mycousin,XiaoMing,whowenttoAustraliaforhisfurtherstudylastyear,in

formedmethathewouldreturnnextSaturdaymorning.Hewantedmetopickhimupattheairport.Youknow,wehaven’tseeneachotherfornearlyayea

r,soIcan’tsparethetimetogooutwithyou.Isincerelyhopeyoucanacceptmyapologiesandunderstandmysituation.Iwouldappreciateyourallowingmetomakeanotherdatet

ogothereandhavefuntogether.Yours，Li__Hua