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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)Theworldrecordholderforthenumberofuniversitydegreesisa70-year-oldItalian.Mr.LucianoBai

ettilivesinthetownofVelletrinearRomeandspendshisdayswalkingaroundhissmallhouseandgarden.Buteverymorningasearlyas3o’clo

ck，hepullsouthistextbooksandstartsstudying.Henowholds15bachelorsormaster’sdegreesfromuniversitiesacrossItaly，andisalreadyattemptin

ghis16th.“Thankstobooks，Ifeelfree，”hetellstheBBCjournalists.“Afterall，thewordssharethesameroot，”hesays，ref

erringtotheItalianwordslibro(book)andlibero(free)．Thecertificatesprovinghistalenthangonthewallsofhisstudy

，showingpeoplethathewaswritingnewpagesintheGuinnessBookofRecords.In2002hegothiseighthdegreeinmotorskills.An

dbeforethathealreadyhaddegreesinsociology，literature，law，politicalscienceandphilosophy，mostfromRome’sfamousLaSapienzaUniversity,oneoftheo

ldestintheworld.Sincethen，hehasaddedsevenotherdegreestohislist，includingoneincriminology(犯罪学)，oneinmilitary

strategiesandthelatestoneintourisminFebruary2017.Allofthesethreewerefromonlineuniversities.“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehow

farmybodyandmybraincango，”saysMr.Baietti.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。来自意大利的70岁的LucianoBaietti先生是已获得大学学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者。1．What

canweknowaboutMr.Baiettifromthepassage?A．Hehasawiderangeoflearning.B．Heistheoldestworldrecordholder.C．Hehasgotcrazyabou

tgettingdegrees.D．Hegotallhisdegreesbygoingtoschool.A解析：推理判断题。根据第三至五段可以推断LucianoBaietti先生的学习范围非常广泛。awiderangeof意思是“广泛的，多种多样的

”，所以选项A正确。2．WhyhasMr.Baiettitriedtogetsomanydegrees?A．Toshowhistalent.B．Tochallengehimself.C．Tobecomepop

ular.D．Tobreaktheworldrecord.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango”可知选项B正确。3．Where

doesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?A．Anewspaper.B．Abiography.C．Atravelmagazine.D．Astorybook.A解析：推理判断题。根据全文尤其是第四段LucianoBaietti先生接受BBC采访的信息可以推断

本文应该是一篇新闻报道。所以选项A正确。B(2018·南昌模拟)Nexttimeyouareblamedforbadbehavior,mainlyblameitonthewholeapple,pearoranyotheruncutfoodthatyourparentspackedinyourlu

nchbox.That’sbecausebitingintoanythingthatrequirestheuseofthefrontteeth,islikelytocauserudebehaviorinkids!Atleastthat’stheconclus

ionsomeresearchersfromCornellUniversityhavemade,afterobservingthebehaviorof12studentsatasummercamp.Theresearchersbeganbydividingthestudents

intotwogroups.Onthefirstday,onegroupwasgivenchickenonthebone.Theotherwasprovidedwiththesamechickencutintodelicious,bite－sizepiecessothattheonlyway

toeatitwaswithafork.Thefollowingday,thefoodwasexchanged,sothatthefirstgroupreceivedthesmallpiecesandforks,whilethe

second,enjoyedthechickenonthebone.Eachdaythecampcounselorsalsogavethekidsstrictinstructionstoletthemsta

ywithinacirclewitha9－footradius.Theresearcherrecordedboththemealtimeandthenaskedbehavioralexpertstoeva

luatewhathappened.Theyagreedthatthekidsthatwererequiredtobitethefoodweretwiceaslikelytoshowaggressiveb

ehavioranddisobeytheadults,asthosethatfocusedoneatingtheirfoodwithforks.Ofcourse,thelatteralsoshowedsomerudebehav

ior.Ifthatisn’tbadenough,theformergroupwasalsomorelikelytoleavetheirspecialcircleandeven,standandjumponthepicnictables!Thishasmad

eMr.Wansink,wholedtheresearchandhisteam,concludethatforsomereasons,kidsthatbiteintotheirfoodaremorelikelytoexhibitbadbehaviorthantho

seforcedtoeatwithforks.Therefore,headvisesparentstocutupthefoodtheyservetotheirkidstoenjoyapeacefulmea

l!【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，孩子吃东西的方式可能会影响他们的行为举止。4．Whatprobablyresultsinkids’badbehavior?A．Thewaykidsbiteintofood.B．Thewayfoodiscooked.C．Theunhealthyfood

kidseat.D．Theirattitudetowardthefood.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句That’sbecausebitingintoanythingthatrequirestheuseofthefrontteeth,islikelytocauserudebeha

viorinkids！可知，孩子表现粗鲁和吃东西的方式有关。故选A。5．Paragraph2mainlyshows________．A．theresultoftheresearchB．thetimeontheresearchC．thewaytheresear

chwentonD．thedifficultiestheresearchfacedC解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，研究者做了一个实验，主要是为了研究孩子的粗鲁表现是否和吃东西的方式有关。在实验中孩子们被分成两组，然后在两天里分别

用不同的方式吃东西。故本段主要写的是实验方式。故选C。6．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudentsatthesummercamp?A．Theyenjoyedthefoodthereverymuch.B．Th

eyexhibiteddifferentlevelsofrudebehavior.C．Theywereaskedtobitethefoodwithcare.D．Theywerelikelytobehavebadlyfrequently.B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段

第二句Theyagreedthatthekidsthatwererequiredtobitethefoodweretwiceaslikelytoshowaggressivebehavioranddisobeytheadults,asth

osethatfocusedoneatingtheirfoodwithforks.可知，因吃饭方式的不同，两组孩子粗鲁的行为出现的次数明显不同。故选B。7．WhatdoesMr.Wansinkadviseparentstodo?A．Toeatwithth

eirkidsoften.B．Toteachtheirkidshowtoeatfood.C．Toservetheirkidswithsmallpiecesoffood.D．Toshowtheirkidsgoodbehavioroften.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Therefo

re,headvisesparentstocutupthefoodtheyservetotheirkidstoenjoyapeacefulmeal！可知，Wansink先生建议家长把孩子吃的食物切成小块。故选C。C(2018·江西赣中南五校联考)Initsearlyhistory，Chicago

hadfloodsfrequently，especiallyinthespring，makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople，horsesandcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimew

entlikethis：AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp，hereplies，“No，thanks.I’vegotagoodho

rseunderme.”Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system，buttheresimplywasn’tenoughdifferencebetwe

entheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvi

ncedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity’sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcours

ecreatedanewproblem：dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice：eitherc

hangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements，andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors，orhoist(吊起)theentirebuildings

tomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood­framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge，heavystructuresliketheTremontHotel,wh

ichwasasix­storybrickbuilding?That’swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse­movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremon

tHotel，Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuilding’sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtP

ullman’ssigneachmanturnedhisjackscrewsbythesameamountatthesametime，therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly

，theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation，andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeoplel

iketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago’searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago’swastewaterwasdrai

ningefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver，thecity’snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了芝加哥为了应对洪水泛滥的问题而实行了

一些解决方案的故事。8．TheauthormentionsthejokeinParagraph1toshow________．A．horseswerefairlyusefulinChicagoB．Chicago’sstreetswereextremely

muddyC．ChicagowasverydangerousinthespringD．theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorousB解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Initsearlyhistory，

Chicagohadfloodsfrequently，especiallyinthespring，makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople，horsesandcartsgotstuck.”可推知，作者

提及这个笑话是为了表明芝加哥的街道非常泥泞，故选B。9．ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto________．A．getridofthestreetdirtB．lowertheChicagoRiverC．fightagainstheavy

floodsD．buildthepipesabovegroundD解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroun

dandthencoverthemwithdirt.”可知，EllisChesbrough让城市规划者相信在地上建管道才能解决洪水泛滥所带来的问题，故选D。10．Whatcanweconcludeaboutthemoving

operationoftheTremontHotel?A．Itwentonsmoothlyasintended.B．Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.C．ItinvolvedPullmaninturningtenjackscrews.D．Itseparatedt

hebuildingfromitsfoundation.A解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可推知，用螺旋千斤顶把theTremontHotel升高的事项进展顺利，故选A。11．ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago’s_____

___．A．popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB．environmentaldisastersandtheircausesC．engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD．succes

sfulbusinessmenandtheirachievementsC解析：主旨大意题。结合全文可知，本文主要讲的是早期芝加哥如何应对洪水泛滥的问题的故事，故选C。D(2018·四川绵阳诊断)Lonelinessislikeadisease,andwhat’sworse,it’scont

agious.Itcanspreadfromonepersontoanother,accordingtotherecentresearchthatstressesthepowerofoneperson’semotionstoaffectevenpeoplehedoesn’tkno

w.Thenewanalysis,involving4，793peoplewhowereinterviewedeverytwoyearsbetween2005and2015,showedthatafriendofalonelypersonwas52%morelikelyto

developfeelingsoflonelinessbythetimeofthenextinterview.Afriendofthatpersonwas25%morelikely,andafriendofafriendofafriendwas15%morelikely.“Loneline

ssisnotjustthepropertyofanindividual.Itcanbetransmittedacrosspeople—evenpeopleyoudon’thavedirectcontactwith，”saidJohnT．Cacioppo,apsyc

hologistoftheUniversityofChicagowholedthestudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.Loneliness

hasbeenlinkedtomedicalproblems,includingdepression,sleepproblemsandgenerallypoorerphysicalhealth.Ident

ifyingsomeofthecausescouldhelpreducetheemotionandimprovehealth,expertssaid.Althoughthestudydidnotexaminehowlonelinessspreads,Cacio

pposaidanotherresearchhasprovidedclues.“Let’ssayforwhateverreasonyougetlonely.Youtheninteractwithotherpeopleinamoren

egativefashion.Thatputstheminanegativemoodandmakesthemmorelikelytointeractwithotherpeopleinanegativefashionandthey

minimizetheirsocialtiesandbecomelonely，”Caciopposaid.AccordingtoCacioppo,lonelinessspreadmoreeasilya

mongwomenthanmen,perhapsbecausewomenweremorelikelytoexpressemotions.Lonelypeoplebecomelessandlesstrustingothers.Thi

smakesitmoreandmoredifficultforthemtomakefriends—andmorelikelythatsocietywillrejectthem.Therefore,itisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.

Cacioppoemphasizespeoplewhohavebeenpushedtotheedgesofsocietyshouldreceivehelptorepairtheirsocialnetworks.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项

新的数据分析向我们介绍了孤独的危害。12．Itcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraphthat________．A．lonelinessspreadsinsocialnetworksB．emotionsareonlytrans

mittedbetweenfriendsC．moreandmorepeoplearesufferingfromlonelinessD．lonelinessisactuallyakindofdiseaseA解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的

“it’scontagious.Itcanspreadfromonepersontoanother”可知，孤独是可以传染的，它可以从一个人传给另一个人，故选A。13．AccordingtoCacioppo,lonelypeople____

____．A．relyheavilyonothersB．aremorelikelytotrustothersC．arelesslikelytoberejectedbyfriendsD．willprobablybedesertedbysocietyD解析：细节理解题。根据最

后一段的“morelikelythatsocietywillrejectthem”可知，Cacioppo认为孤独的人可能会被社会抛弃，故选D。14．Theword“minimize”inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto“________”．

A．increaseB．reduceC．createD．keepB解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可推知，孤独的人用一种消极的方式去和别人交往，这会减少他们的社会关系，让他们变得孤独，故选B。15．Whatshouldlonely

peopledotogetridofloneliness?A．Refusethehelpgivenbyothers.B．Admitandtrytosolveit.C．Interactwithothersmorenegatively.

D．Expressemotionsmoreoften.B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“Therefore,itisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.”可知，承认和应对孤独很重要，故选B。Ⅱ七选五(2018·广州

检测)Philadelphiaisacityknownformanythings.ItiswheretheDeclarationofIndependencewassignedin1776,anditwasalsothe

firstcapitaloftheUnitedStates.1.________Itishometonearly3，000murals(壁画)paintedonthesidesofhomesandbuildingsaroundth

ecity.That’smoremuralsthananyothercityonEarth.2.________Morethan20yearsago,aNewJerseyartistnamedJaneGolden

startedaprogrampairingtroubledyouthwithartiststopaintmuralsonafewbuildingsaroundthecity.3.________Theteenagersinvolvedhelpedtocreatemagnificent

piecesofart,andtherewereother,evenmoreimportant,benefits.Theyoungpeoplelearnedtocooperateandgetalongwithmanydiffe

rentkindsofpeopleduringthepainting.Theylearnedtoberesponsible,becausetheyneededtofollowascheduletomakesurethemuralswerecompleted.4.________It

ishardforanyonetoseethespectaculardesignsandnotfeelproudtobeapartofPhiladelphia.Takeawalkaroundsomeofthepoorestneighb

ourhoodsinPhiladelphiaandyouwillfindbeautifulworksofartonthesidesandfrontsofbuildings.Ofcoursethemuralsarenotjustinpoorneighbourhoods,

butricheronesaswell.Specialbusestaketouriststodifferentpartsofthecitytoseethevariousmurals,whichshowthediverseethnicgroupsthatcallPhilade

lphiahome.5．________ItisalsoamodelforothercitiesthroughoutAmericaseekingtohelptroubledyouth.A．Howdidthiscometobe?B．Whatha

ppenedtothemuralsonearth?C．Theyalsolearnedtotakeprideintheircommunity.D．ButonefactaboutPhiladelphiaisnotsowell­known.E．Fromthissmallproj

ect,somethingmagicalhappened.F．Theprogramencouragedtroubledyouthtopainttogetherwiththeirteachers.G．Asaresultofitss

uccess,themuralprogramhasnowbecomethenation’slargestpublicartprogram.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了费城壁画的发展历史及其重大意义。1．D解析：由本段第一句可知，费城因为许多东西而闻名。D项“

但是有一个事实不是很为人所知”是对前文的转折，同时引出本文所要介绍的内容，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。2．A解析：上一句介绍了费城拥有比世界其他城市都多的壁画；下文介绍了费城壁画发展的历史。A项“这是怎么出现的？”承上启下

，符合语境。故选A项。3．E解析：根据下一句中的“therewereother,evenmoreimportant,benefits”可知，这些问题少年参与到壁画的创作中，并且在这个过程中带来了更重要的益处。E项“从这个小小的项目中，一些神奇的事情发生了”引出了对壁画益处的介绍，

符合语境。故选E项。4．C解析：根据下一句“Itishardforanyone...notfeelproudtobeapartofPhiladelphia.”可知，人们开始将这些壁画当作是费城引以为傲的一

部分。C项意为“他们同样学会了为自己的社区感到骄傲”，句中的“also”承接上文，takepridein与下文中的“feelproud”相呼应，承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。5．G解析：根据下一句“Itisalsoamodelforothercities...”可知，最后总结了壁画对费城产生

的影响。G项意为“由于它的成功，这个壁画项目已经成为整个国家最大的公共艺术项目”，是对费城壁画的地位评价，总结全文，符合语境。故选G项。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·长郡中学实验班选拔考试)Oneofthemostremarkablethingsabo

utthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour__1__wecanseewhathasnotyethappened.Forexample，whilewearelookingforwardto__2__

anewplaceorcountry，we__3__whatitwillbelike.Wepredictthe__4__peoplewilleat，dressandact.Ofcourse，wedonotalwayspredictthings__5__.Things

areoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe__6__themtobe.Oneofthe__7__dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule，whohadbeen__8__toworkoutaverydi

fficultprobleminphysics.Hehad__9__andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays，butthere__10__tobenowayof__11__outtheanswer

.Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe__12__up，herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis__13__.Itissaidtha

tinordertofigureouttheprocess，thehypnotist(催眠师)satinthechairoppositehimandspoke__14__：“Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.Thinkabout__15__.Youknownoth

ingbutmyvoice.Andasyoupayattentiontomyvoice，your__16__willgetheavier.Soonyou’llbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand__17__m

ywords，butyourbodywillbeasleep，youreyesaretooheavy.Youare__18__asleep，andwhenyouwakeupyouwill__19__nothing.Youwillforgeteverything.N

owIamgoingto__20__slowlyfromonetofive.One，two，three，four，five...”【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过德国科学家Kekule的故事，说明了人类大脑的神奇能力。1．A.brainsB．

sensesC．mindsD．sightsC解析：根据前一句“Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefu

ture.”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象未来的能力；据此可知，空处指“思维”，故C项正确。2．A.visitingB．seekingC．reachingD．discoveringA解析：根据该句中的“anewplaceorcountry”可

以判断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(imagine)那里会是什么样子。3．A.imagineB．knowC．feelD．guessA解析：参见上题解析。4．A.customB．habitC．styleD．wayD解析：根据该段最后一句中的“t

heway”，并结合该句“Wepredictthe______peoplewilleat，dressandact.”可知，我们总会预测(这个地方的)人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式。D项意为“方式”，符合语境，故D项

正确。A项意为“风俗”；B项意为“习惯”；C项意为“风格”。5．A.quicklyB．simplyC．correctlyD．neatlyC解析：根据空处后一句“Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe______themt

obe.”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以判断，我们不是总能正确地(correctly)预测事物。6．A.requiredB．wishedC．leftD．expectedD解析：参见上题解析。expect“预料，预期”。7．A.funnyB．dull

C．famousD．sillyC解析：根据该句中的“dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦之一是德国科学家Kekule的梦。

C项意为“著名的”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“有趣的”；B项意为“无趣的”；D项意为“愚蠢的”。8．A.managingB．tryingC．thinkingD．hopingB解析：根据该句中的“

Kekule，whohadbeen______toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics”及下文可知，Kekule一直在努力解一道物理难题；trytodosth.意为“努力做某事”，符合语境

，故B项正确。managetodosth.意为“设法做成某事”强调结果，与语境不符。9．A.studiedB．learnedC．discussedD．searchedA解析：根据该句中的“Hehad______andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryangl

efordays”可知，他从多个角度研究(studied)和分析了这个难题。10．A.usedB．oughtC．seemedD．hadC解析：根据该句中的“butthere______tobenowayof____outtheanswer”可知，似乎没有办法弄清答案。seem意为“似乎，好像”

符合语境，故C项正确。11．A.bringingB．findingC．turningD．lettingB解析：参见上题解析。findout“弄清，查明”；bringout“使表现出”；turnout“结果是，证明是”；letout“发出”。12．A.gaveB．sa

tC．wokeD．gotC解析：根据前一句“Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.”可知，空处表示他醒来时意识到自己知道了答案。wakeup为固定短语，意为“醒”，故C项正确。13．A.dreamB．lessonC．resear

chD．exerciseA解析：根据上文中的“hewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe______up，herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.”可知，他在梦(dream)中解决了这个难题。1

4．A.softlyB．loudlyC．slowlyD．firmlyA解析：根据语境并结合常识可知催眠师应是柔和地(softly)说着话。15．A.everythingB．somethingC．nothingD．anythingC解析：根据空前一句“Iwantyou

toconcentrateonmyvoice.”及下文中的“Youknownothingbutmyvoice.”可知，空处应指什么都不要想。C项符合语境，故C项正确。16．A.eyesB．feetC．headD．bodyA解析：根据常识可知，被催眠师催眠时，眼睛会变得沉重。故

选A项。17．A.believeB．repeatC．takeD．understandD解析：根据该句中的“Youwillhearmyvoiceand______mywords”可知，此处指听到声音并理解听到的话。understand“理解，明白”，符合语境。18．A.really

B．extremelyC．actuallyD．almostD解析：根据空处前一句可知，此处指你几乎(almost)要睡着了。19．A.acceptB．rememberC．hearD．receiveB解析：根据下文中的“Youwill

forgeteverything.”可知，空处指你将什么都不记得。B项符合语境，故B项正确。20．A.countB．sayC．addD．speakA解析：根据文中的“NowIamgoingto______slowlyf

romonetofive.One，two，three，four，five...”可知，此处表示数数；A项意为“(按顺序)数数”，符合语境，故A项正确。Ⅱ语法填空Severalyearsago,BoyanSlat,athen19－year－olduniversitystudentinHolland,

madetheclaimthathe1.____________cleanuptheocean’svastaccumulationofplasticsinaboutfiveyears.2．____________

ascubadivingholidayinGreece,BoyanSlat,aged16,foundtherewere3.____________(many)plasticbagsthanfishinthesea.Hestartedseekingforasolutiontooceanplast

ic4.____________(pollute)．Thenhedecidedtomakehisintentionspublic.Itsoundedlikeapipe－dreamtomanywhenSlatfirstd

escribedhisidea,buthefeltitwassimple.Slatcameupwith5.____________hecalledafloating“OceanCleanupArray(排列)”．Insteadofgoingaftertheplast

ics,hedesignedanarrayoflongfloatingbarrierstolettheoceancurrentsconcentratetheplastic6.____________(it)．Thesystemoffloatingb

arriersisoveramilelong.Thesystemhaditsfirstproof－of－concepttest,which7.____________(perform)intheAzoresIslands.Afterprovingthefeasibilit

y(可行性)ofthearrayindoingwhatitwassupposedtodo,therealevaluationofthearraywilltakeplace,inatwo－yearpilotprojectinreal－worldconditionsoffthec

oastofTsushima,anisland8.____________(lie)betweenJapanandSouthKorea.Thispilotprojectisworthwatchingtoseeifi

t9.____________(work).Andifitdoesworkas10.____________(expect),wehavesomethingevenbiggertolookforwardto.【解题导语】本文是

一篇记叙文。几年前，19岁的大学生BoyanSlat宣称他要在五年里清理掉海洋里大量的塑料制品。随后，他设计出了自己的一套方案。这项试点工程能否达到预期的效果呢，我们将拭目以待。1．could/would解析：考查情态动词及时

态。根据主句谓语动词made可知从句要用过去的某种时态，由“cleanup”可知此处用情态动词could/would。2．During解析：考查介词。根据“holiday”可知此处用During，意为“在……期间”。3．more解析：考

查形容词比较级。根据than可知此处用many的比较级more。4．pollution/pollutants解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词plastic“塑料的”可知此处填名词，表示污染或污染物

用pollution/pollutants。5．what解析：考查从句引导词。代词what相当于theideathat，它同时作cameupwith和called的宾语。6．itself解析：考查代词。句意为：他设计了一排长长的漂浮的障碍物让洋流跟着塑料制品。

itself在此指塑料制品本身，作theplastic的同位语。7．wasperformed解析：考查动词时态与语态。关系代词which指代先行词test，它与谓语动词perform之间构成被动关系，结合主句谓语动词had可知此处用一般过去时

的被动语态。8．lying解析：考查非谓语动词。分词短语lyingbetweenJapanandSouthKorea作anisland的后置定语，分词与被修饰词之间构成主动关系。9．works解析：考查动词时态。根据下句“doeswork”可知此处用一般现在时。句意为：

这个试点工程值得关注，看它能否有用。10．expected解析：考查动词时态。根据语境可知，此处是一个省略句，即as(itis)expected，意为“正如被期待的那样”。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知

识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018·河北衡水中学大联考)Howdonativespeakerstrulyfeelwhenspeakingwithno

n-nativeEnglishspeakers?Itseemsthat61.____________(break)Englishannoysthem.However,theykeepbeingreallynicewhenspeakingwithnon

­nativespeakers.Iwonderhowtheyreallyfeelwhendoingso.Ithinkitwoulddepend62.____________thenativeEnglishspeakers.Somepeoplearejust63._________

___(easy)annoyed.Personally,IstudySpanish.WhenIhearsomeone64.____________(attempt)English,IampatientwiththembecauseIkno

w65.____________difficultitistotalkinanon-nativetongue.IalsoknowEnglishisverydifficult66.____________(learn),andthatincreasesmyrespectf

ortheirefforts.I’mapatientpersonbynature.Thesituationmatterstoo.IfIwerewaiting67.____________(table)onasupercrowdeddayandreal

ly68.____________(need)todoaboutadozendifferentthings,Imightbecomeupsetathavingtowaitforsomeonetostrugglewhileorderinghismeal.Therealsoexistst

he69.____________(possible)thatwhatisconsideredasannoyanceisnottrueannoyance.Imightfrown(皱眉)whilelisteningtoanon-nativespeaker,70._____

_______thatwouldbebecauseIamconcentratingandlisteninghardtounderstandhim.Itwouldn’tmeanI’matallannoyed.【解题导语】当一个母语是英语的人听到一个人说着蹩脚的英语时是什么感受？厌烦还

是耐心倾听？本文就此问题进行了讨论。61．broken解析：考查词性转换。句意：似乎蹩脚的英语让他们感到厌烦。修饰名词用形容词，故填动词break的形容词形式broken，意为“蹩脚的；不流利的”。62．on/upon解析：考查介词。句意：我认为这要取决于英语为母语的人。depen

don/upon是固定搭配，意为“依赖；取决于”。故填on/upon。63．easily解析：考查词性转换。句意：有些人就是容易生气。设空处修饰动词，要用副词，故填easily。64．attempting解析

：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我听到有人努力说英语时，我很耐心是因为我知道用非母语交流是多么不容易。此处为“hear＋宾语＋宾补”结构，attempt与宾语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且此处指听到有人正在努力说英语，故用现在分词作宾补。故填att

empting。65．how解析：考查宾语从句。句意见上一题解析。此处为感叹句用作宾语从句，用于加强语气。设空处修饰形容词difficult，故填how。66．tolearn解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我

也知道英语很难学，那增加了我对他们的努力的尊重。在“itis＋adj.＋todo...”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式(短语)作真正的主语，故填tolearn。67．tables解析：考查名词单复数。句意：如果我正在人超级多的一天招待顾客，且真的需要做很多件不同的事情，我可能会因不得不等

待在点餐时纠结不已的人而感到心烦意乱。waittables是固定短语，意为“招待顾客”。故填tables。68．needed解析：考查动词的时态。句意见上一题解析。根据并列连词and可知，前后时态应该一致，故填过去式needed。69．possibility解析：考查词性转换。句意：也存在这样的

可能性，有些烦恼不是真的烦恼。定冠词the后接名词形式，且根据谓语动词exists可知，应填形容词possible的名词形式possibility。70．but/yet解析：考查连词。句意：听非母语的讲话者说话时，

我可能紧皱着眉头，但那是因为我在聚精会神地努力去听懂他。根据句意可知，前后文是转折关系。故填but/yet。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英

语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该

词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018·河北衡水中学大联考)MayIhaveyouattention，please？Ihadsomethingimportantto

tellyou.OurschoolwillorganizeavisittheNationalMuseumofChinaonSaturdaymorning，December10.TheNationalMuseumofChina，whereliestotheeastofTian’

anmenSquare，coversanareaofabout70，000squaremeter.Wewillgatherataschoolgateandstartingoutat7：30inthemorning.Ourvisitstartsat8o’

clockbutitwilllastthreehours.Pleasetakeupyournotebooksandpenswithyou.Inaddition，duringthevisit，pleasekeepquietly.Do

remember7：30，Saturdaymorningattheschoolgate.That’sall.Thankyou.答案：MayIhaveyouyourattention，please？Ihadhavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Ourschoolw

illorganizeavisit∧totheNationalMuseumofChinaonSaturdaymorning，December10.TheNationalMuseumofChina，wherewhichliestotheeastof

Tian’anmenSquare，coversanareaofabout70，000squaremetermeters.Wewillgatheratatheschoolgateandstartingstartoutat7：30inthemorning.Ourvisitstartsat8o’c

lockbutanditwilllastthreehours.Pleasetakeup＼yournotebooksandpenswithyou.Inaddition，duringthevisit，pleaseke

epquietlyquiet.Doremember7：30，Saturdaymorningattheschoolgate.That’sall.Thankyou.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·湖南十三校联考)假设你是李

华，你和学校外教Mr.Brown约好下周末去岳麓山玩，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：1．表示歉意；2．解释原因；3．另约时间。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．

开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearMr.Brown，IamLiHua,yourstudentinClass12._______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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_____________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：Dear_

_Mr.Brown，I__am__Li__Hua,__your__student__in__Class__12.IamindeedverysorrythatIcan’tgotoYueluMountainwithyounextweek.Ifeeluneasyaboutitandwan

ttotellyouwhathappened.Justnow,mycousin,XiaoMing,whowenttoAustraliaforhisfurtherstudylastyear,informedmethathewouldreturnnext

Saturdaymorning.Hewantedmetopickhimupattheairport.Youknow,wehaven’tseeneachotherfornearlyayear,soIcan

’tsparethetimetogooutwithyou.Isincerelyhopeyoucanacceptmyapologiesandunderstandmysituation.Iwouldappreciateyourallowingmetomak

eanotherdatetogothereandhavefuntogether.Yours，Li__Hua