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Ⅰ阅读理解(2018·东北三省四市模拟)OnApril14th,2010,myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thene

xtmoment,metal,fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffands

entmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife,anotherdisasteralsooccurredonAp

ril14th,2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry$1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.ThiswastheeruptionofEyj

afjallajokull,oneofIceland’smanyvolcanoes.However,volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact,theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth,a

ndforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%ofthewor

ld’sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere,temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.Similarly,theacciden

thadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaver

ealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.In1973,anotherIcelandicvolcano,Eldfell,brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithc

oldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked,theyusedthegeothermal(地热的)energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflif

ebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes，focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefut

ure.IranfromApril14th,2010,toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanew­foundloveinEarthsciences.【解

题导语】作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。1．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.B．Hewasstuck

inanIceland’sairport.C．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.D．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Thenextmoment,metal...crash.”

和“Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严重，故D项正确。2．Whichwasaneffectof

theeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?A．Theeconomywascostgloballybytheeruption.B．Carbondioxideincreasedtemporarily.C．Mostofth

eworld’splaneswereheldup.D．TheearthinIcelandwasterriblypolluted.A解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了

干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损，故A项正确。3．WhydidthewritermentiontheEldfellvolcano?A．ItbrokeoutinIcelandonApril14thaswell.B．Itsymbolizedtheaccidentthatchange

dhislife.C．Ittoldustomakethebestofagivensituation.D．Itencouragedhimtoknowmoreabouthimself.C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“Aftertheirplanworked...theirhome

s.”并结合“Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.”可推知，我们应该充分利用特定的环境

。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．EscapefromVolcanoesB．InspirationfromDisastersC．LoveforEarthSciencesD．AttitudeTowardNatureB解析：标题归纳题。本文作者通

过讲述自己遭遇事故和火山爆发带来的好处及坏处，告诉人们要积极应对现实情况，所以选B项。Ⅱ七选五(2018·辽宁部分重点高中统考)Whenapologizing,chancesarethatyou’veutteredthephrase,“Inevermeantto

hurtyou.”1.________Inatalk,CarolineMyss,aspiritualseekerandresearcher,tookonthetopicofforgivenessandhealing.Sheexpla

inedwhy“Inevermeanttohurtyou”isneverasufficientapology,nomatterwhoitcomesfrom.“Picturethatpersoncominguptoyouandsaying,‘I’msorryIdidthi

s.2.________Andcanwejustcallitaday？’”Carolinesays.Astemptingasitcanbetomoveonandburythehatchet(和解),thattypeofapologywon’tsitwellwiththepersononth

ereceivingend.“Thatwholelittlething—‘Inevermeanttohurtyou’—isthethingyoucan’tforgive，”shesays.“Thatsickfeelinggoesrighttoyoursoul.”Inste

ad,Carolinesaysit’simportanttoapproachtheconversationdifferently.Ultimately,it’saboutofferingmorethananapology.3.________“Let’sredothescene，”Caro

linesays.“Thepersoncomesuptoyouandsays,‘Ineedtotellyousomething.4.________Itwasguilt.IheardmyconsciencetellmenottodothisbutIdidn’tlisten.AndInowknowt

hatmyactionsredirectedthecourseofyourlife.Thisisnotanapology.Iamconfessing(忏悔)mysoultoyou.5.________’”Evensay

ingthosewordsonstagesmakesCarolinevisiblyemotional,andshepointsoutthatthisishowdeeplywithinthesoulapologiesaresupposedtoreso

nate.Andthat’swhatheals.A．Hereismyapology.B．Butitdoesn’tmattertoyou.C．I’maskingnowforyourforgiveness.D．IconsciouslyknewwhatIwasdoing.E．ButyouknowInev

ermeanttohurtyou.F．It’saboutsharingasoul­to­soulconfession.G．However,it’snotasuitablewaytoapologize.【解题导语】本文援引了Caroline

Myss的话向读者阐明了用“我从没想过要伤害你”来道歉是不够的。1．G解析：根据下文的内容尤其是“Sheexplainedwhy‘Inevermeanttohurtyou’isneverasufficientapology,nomatterwhoitcomesfrom.”可知，此处讲的应

是用“我从没想过要伤害你”这句话来道歉的不足，故G项“但是，这并不是一种合适的道歉的方法”符合语境。2．E解析：根据本段内容可知，此处是CarolineMyss让大家想象一下有人用“我从没想过要伤害你”来向你道歉时的情景，故E项符合题意。3．F解析：根

据上文的“it’saboutofferingmorethananapology”以及下文的“Thisisnotanapology.Iamconfessing(忏悔)mysoultoyou.”可知F项与之相呼应，表示道歉应该是心灵对

心灵的忏悔。下文中的“withinthesoul”亦是提示。故选F。4．D解析：根据空后的“Itwasguilt.IheardmyconsciencetellmenottodothisbutIdidn’tlisten.”可知，此处讲的

应该是当时所做的错事方面的内容，故D项符合语境。5．C解析：根据上文中的“Astemptingasitcanbetomoveonandburythehatchet(和解)．..”可知，向别人道歉的目的是获得别人的谅解，故C项符合语境。

Ⅲ语法填空ChengduhasbeenmakinganameforitselfinWesterncountriesinrecentyears，asthecityhasmovedto1.____________(strength)itsculturalexchangeswiththeresto

ftheworld.ChengduWeek2.____________(host)inMadridinJanuaryasamajoractivityofthe2017HappySpringFestivalinSpain,3.____________isanannualeventheld

bytheChineseembassyinSpaintocelebrate4.____________traditionalSpringFestivalholidaywithoverseasChinese,localsandothervisit

ors.ItwasthefirsttimethattheChineseembassyhad5.____________(patient)introducedacitytothetraditionalLunarNewYearcelebration.Duringthefestival,classicr

egionalartformssuchaspapercutting,shadowplaysandfacechangingoperaperformanceswere6.____________display

atthefamousPlazaMayorinMadrid.“Theperformances(表演)areso7.____________(amaze)thatIwanttobuyatickettoCheng

durightnow，”saidManuelaCarmena,mayorofMadrid,duringtheevent.MayorCarmenasaidthatthetwocitiesshared8.______

______(similar)inmanyaspectsandshehopedtwocitiescouldhave9.____________(far)exchangesthanbeforeintourismandculture.Chengd

uhasbecomemorecloselytiedtoSpainsinceadirectflightbetweenMadrid10.____________ChengduwaslaunchedonDecember17.【解题导语】近年来，成都通过文化交流，大大提升

了在世界上的影响力。本文介绍了2017年春节期间在西班牙举办的成都(文化)周，剪纸、皮影戏和变脸等传统艺术或表演引起了轰动。1．strengthen解析：考查词性转换。句意：„„因为这座城市已经采取行动来加强其与世界其他地区的文化交流。空后是名词结构，所以此处用动词，和空前的to构成动

词不定式结构。故填strengthen。2．washosted解析：考查动词的时态和语态。设空处在句中作谓语，和主语ChengduWeek之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语inJanuary可知，动作发生

在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填washosted。3．which解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为HappySpringFestival，指物，且在从句中作主语，故用which

引导该从句。4．the解析：考查冠词。此处特指传统的中国春节假期，故用定冠词the。5．patiently解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰谓语动词introduced，作状语，应用副词。故填patiently。6．on解析：考查固定搭配。句意：在节日期间，经典的地方艺术形式如剪

纸、皮影戏和变脸表演均在马德里著名的马约尔广场进行。ondisplay为固定搭配，意为“展览；展出”。7．amazing解析：考查词性转换。设空处在系动词are后作表语，主语为Theperformances(表演)，前有副词so修饰，所以用amazing，意为“惊人的；了不起的”。

8．similarities解析：考查词性转换及名词单复数。句意：卡梅纳市长说两个城市在很多方面有相似点，她希望两个城市能够在旅游业和文化方面有比以往更深入的交流。设空处作谓语动词shared的宾语，应用名词：si

milarity为可数名词，所以用复数形式。9．further解析：考查形容词比较级。根据后面的标志词than可知，此处用比较级。10．and解析：考查连词。between...and...为固定搭配，意为“在„„和„„之间”。Ⅳ短文改错(2018

·山东六校联考)ThedaybeforeMother’sDay,everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwasmostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingf

lowerswerewhatmoststudentswoulddo.However，Iwantedtodosomethingdifferently.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn’tgo

backhomeonMother’sDay,soIdecidedtocallherandsenthermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions,whatwereveryuseful,andI

readitcarefully.WhenIcalledmymother，however，Ihadthefeelthatsomeoneelse’swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveinandjusttoldmymoth

erIlovedherandthankedhertoallshehaddoneforme.答案：ThedaybeforeMother’sDay,everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwas∧themostsuitabl

egifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerswerewaswhatmoststudentswoulddo.However，Iwantedtodosomething

differentlydifferent.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn’tgobackhomeonMother’sDay，so＼Idecidedtocallherandsentse

ndhermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions,whatwhichwereveryuseful,andIreaditthemcarefully.WhenIcalledmymother，however，Ihadthefeelfee

lingthatsomeoneelse’swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveinupandjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhertoforallshehaddoneforme.