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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·烟台诊断)Grandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcareintheircommunitytendtolivelonge

rthanseniorswhodonotcareforotherpeople,accordingtoastudyfromBerlin,Germany.“Havingnocontactwithgrandchildrenatallcannegativelyimpactgr

andparents’health.Thislinkcouldbedeeplyrootedinourevolutionarypastwhenhelpwithchildcarewasimportantforthesurvivaloftheh

umanspecies，”saidSonjaHilbrand,oneoftheresearchers.Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70.Overall,afteraccountingforgrandparents

’ageandgeneralstateofhealth,theriskofdyingovera20-yearperiodwasone-thirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrand

children，comparedwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcare.Caregivingwasassociatedwithalongerlifeevenwhenthecarereceiverwasn’trelative.Halfofallchildle

ssseniorswhoprovidedsupporttofriendsorneighborslivedforsevenyearsafterthestudybegan,whilenon­helperslivedforfo

uryearsonaverage.“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.Caregivingmaybethoughtalsoasanact

ivitythatkeepscaregiversphysicallyandmentallyactive，”saidProfessorBrunoArpino.Arpinonoted,however,thatcaregivingisnottheonlyac

tivitythatcanimprovehealthandthattoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivities

likeworking,beinginsocialclubs,orvolunteering.“Childrenshouldtake__into__accounttheirparents’needs,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetiminga

ndamountofchildcare，”hesuggested.“Itisveryimportantthateveryindividualdecidesforhimself/herself,what‘properamountsofhelp’means，”Hilbrandsaid,addin

g,“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensity(强度)ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswella

sforyourself.”【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。1．Whatisthecaregivingstudybasedon?A．Humanevolutionaryhistory.B．Demandofmodernsocie

ty.C．Socialcontactbetweenrelatives.D．Dataonmanyelderlypeople.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分

析得来的。故选D项。2．InArpino’sopinion,childcare________．A．issuretokeepoldpeopleawayfromillnessesB．allowsoldpeopletoliveam

oremeaningfullifeC．createsmorejobopportunitiesforoldpeopleD．makessocialactivitiesinaccessibletooldpe

opleB解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“Arpino’sopinion”定位至文章第五段中的“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsoci

ety.”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选B项。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takeintoaccount”inParagraph6probably

mean?A．Limit.B．Ignore.C．Favor.D．Consider.D解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“toomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbenefi

cialactivities”及下文的“...theirparents’needs,willingness,anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动

，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，takeintoaccount意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。故选D项。4．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A．Grandparentscandoanyt

hingintheirowninterests.B．Grandparentsshouldsharemoresocialresponsibilities.C．Properamountsofchildcaredogoodtograndparents.D．Caregivingguaranteesever

ygrandparentalongerlife.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensity(强度)ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoin

gsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选C项。B(20

18·石家庄高三模拟)TooGoodToGoisasmartphoneappwhichallowsrestaurantstosellfoodthatwouldotherwisebethrownawayatd

iscountpricesfromaslittleas￡2toamaximumof￡3.80,evenifthemealsaresoldfromtheveryfinestrestaurantsinthe

country.OriginallycreatedinDenmarkandlaunchedinBrightonandLeedsinJune,theservicehasrecentlybeenintrod

ucedintotheUnitedKingdombyacoupleofyoungentrepreneurs(企业家)．Millionsoftonsoffoodsarethrowninthetrasheveryyear,withres

taurantsaccountingforalargepart,soeco­entrepreneursChrisWilsonandJamieCrummiecameupwiththegoodideatostopfoodwa

ste.UsingTooGoodToGonotonlyhelpsrestaurantssaveexpense,butgivespeopleinneedthechancetoorderfancydishesatlowprices.TooGoodToGoisveryc

onvenientforusers.RestaurantsmakefoodavailableontheTooGoodToGoappandwebsite.Peoplecanlookthroughtheavailabledishesonthe

smartphones,payforthemusingacreditcardandpickthemupatasettime,anhourbeforeclosingtime.AlthoughTooGoodToGodoestakeafeefromrestaurantsforeachsale,i

tscreatorssaytheendgoalistouseitforrestaurantstosolvetheirwastemanagementproblem,ratherthanmakingaprofit.Wilsonc

laims,“Theideaisthatrestaurantsstopproducingtheextrafoodsotheydon’tneedtothrowitawayinthetrash,andwereallywanttopu

tourselvesoutofbusinessbystoppingfoodwaste.”BirminghamhasbecomethelatestcitywhererestaurantscanreducefoodwastetothelowestlimitbyworkingwiththeTooGood

ToGosocialenterpriseapp.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了TooGoodToGo这款手机软件，它可以帮助饭店以较低的价格处理要扔掉的食物，这样既避免了浪费，又给那些需要的人提供了可口的食物。5．WherewasTooGoodToGooriginallylaunc

hed?A．InDenmark.B．InBrighton.C．InBirmingham.D．IntheU．S.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OriginallycreatedinDenmarka

ndlaunchedinBrightonandLeeds”可知，这款软件最初是在Denmark创造出来，在Brighton和Leeds发起的，故选B项。6．What’stheappintendedtodo?A．Makeapr

ofitbysellingfoodonthewebsite.B．Allowrestaurantstosellfoodatlowprices.C．Helprestaurantstodealwithleftoverfood.D．Callonrestaur

antstosavefoodandmoney.C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“...soeco-entrepreneursChrisWilsonandJamieCrummiecameupwiththegoodideatosto

pfoodwaste...butgivespeopleinneedthechancetoorderfancydishesatlowprices.”可知，这款软件的目的是阻止食物浪费，不仅帮助饭店节省费用，而且给那些需要的人提供一个低价品尝好菜的机会，故选C项。7．Howdidthecreator

softheappmakeprofits?A．Bysellingcopiesoftheapp.B．Bytakingafeefrombuyers.C．Bychargingrestaurantsforeachsale.D．Bygetti

ngdonationsfromentrepreneurs.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“AlthoughTooGoodToGodoestakeafeefromrestaurantsforeachsale”可知，该软件的创造者是通

过向饭店的每一单生意收费来赚钱的，因此选C项。8．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Peoplecanpaylessmoneyforarichmeal.B．Theappismainlydesignedtohelpthepoor.C．Dishescanb

esoldtomakealotofprofits.D．Peoplecangettheirorderedfoodathome.A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“TooGoodToGo...inthecountry.”和第二段中的“UsingTooGo

odToGonotonlyhelpsrestaurantssaveexpense,butgivespeopleinneedthechancetoorderfancydishesatlowprices.”可以推知，由于TooGoodToGo软件的出现，人们可以花比较少的钱吃一顿丰盛的

饭，故选A项。C(2018·湖南长沙高三模拟)AnewstudybytheBritishgovernmenthasdiscoveredthementalhealthofthecountry’steenagegirlshasbecomeworse.Thesurv

ey,whichincluded30，00014­year­oldstudentsin2005and2014,showed37percentofgirlswithpsychologicalstress,upfrom34perc

entin2005.Britishboys’stresslevelwasactuallyseentofalloverthesametimeperiod，from17percentto15percent.Thereport’s

authorspointedoutthe“adventofthesocialmediaage”couldbeamajorcontributingfactorforincreasedstressamongteenageBritishgirls.“Theadolescent

yearsareatimeofrapidphysical，cognitive(认知的)andemotionaldevelopment，”PamRamsden,alecturerinpsychologyatth

eUniversityofBradfordintheUnitedKingdom,wroteinarecentblogpost.“Teenagersinteractwithpeopleinordertolearnhowtobe

comecompetent(有能力的)adults.Inthepast，theywouldengagewithparents，teachersandotheradultsintheircommunityaswella

sextendedfamilymembersandfriends.Nowwecanalsoaddsocialmediatothatlistofsocialandemotionaldevelopment.”Throughoutadolescence，girlsandboys

developcharacteristicslikeconfidenceandself-control.Sinceteenagebrainshavenotcompletelydeveloped，teensdon’thave

thecognitiveawarenessandimpulse(冲动)controltokeepfrompostinginappropriatecontent.Furthermore，thiscontentcaneasilybespread

farandwidewithdisastrousinfluences.“Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance，”Ramsdens

aid.Thesesitesareoftenfilledwithimagesofpeoplewithbodytypeunattainabletothenormalperson.However，theseimagesandthemessagestie

dtothemgraduallybecomesocietalstandards.【解题导语】一项新研究发现，英国女孩的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国女孩心理压力加大的主要因素。9．Thestatisticsinthesecondpara

graphshowthat__________．A．moreandmorechildreninBritainhavementalhealthproblemsB．fewgirlsinBritainsufferedfrompsychologicalstressin2005C

．moreboysinBritainaresufferingfrommentalpressurenowD．moreBritishgirlsfeelpsychologicallystressedthanboysdonowD解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句

可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国女孩有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国男孩有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国女孩有心理压力的比男孩多，故D项正确。10．Contraryt

otraditionalwaysofinteraction,socialmedia________．A．helpsteenagersdevelopqualitieslikeconfidenceandself­c

ontrolB．hasmanynegativeeffectsongirls’characteristicdevelopmentC．makesteensawareofpotentialdangeroft

heinappropriatecontentD．teachesgirlstocareabouttheirappearancetomeetsocietalstandardsB解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句和最后一段第一句的“Socialmediacanalsofeedi

ntogirls’insecuritiesabouttheirappearance”可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国女孩的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。11．Theunderlinedwor

d“advent”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”．A．arrivalB．endC．disappearanceD．inventionA解析：词义猜测题。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成

英国女孩心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。D(2018·合肥高三调研性检测)Inoureverydayliveswemeetsituationsinwhichwetakemanything

sforgranted.Weonlytreasurethingswhentheyaregone.Thisisasadtruthofhumannature.Oneday,Ifoundmyselfasawitnesstoasi

milarsituation.Oneevening,Ileftworkandboardedthetrain.Afterentering,Inoticedsomethingunusual.Thecenterofthecarh

adafewemptyseatswhilebothendswerecrowdedwithpeoplestanding.Ididn’tpaymuchattentionandsatdownononeoftheemptyseats.Isensedafunnysmell.

Itwasn’tlongbeforeInoticedahomelesspersonsleepingonthreeseatsinfrontofme.Hewasbleedingfromhisnose.Whywasn’tanyonehelpinghim?Hisclotheswereto

rnandhewasgivingoffastrangesmell.Alongwiththesmell,hiseyesweredull,watery,andred.Occasionallyhescratchedh

imselfandpeoplelookedathimasifhehadcommittedacrime.Asthetrainstoppedatstationsandmorepeoplecameintheycoveredtheirnosesa

ndfacedawayfromhim.Alltheseatsaroundhimwereempty.Suddenly,hebegantoswearatthepeoplearoundhim.Aplain­clothespoliceofficerwholooke

dlikeaconstructionworkertookouthiscertificateandshowedittothehomelessman.Theofficer,notwantingtotoucht

hehomelessman,toldhimhisrightsanddirectedhimtoexitthetrain.Astheofficerwalkedthemanoutofthetrain,thehomelessmanturnedaroundandsaid“MYHOME！”andstarted

crying.Amandoesn’tvaluethingsuntiltheyaregone.Ifhedidn’thaveahome,atleasthehadfreedom.Nowhehasneither.Noonewantstohelpsomeonewhowo

n’thelphimself.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。乘坐火车时，“我”发现了一个流浪汉，他衣衫褴褛，身上散发异味，乘客们避而远之。突然，他开始咒骂他周围的乘客。后来流浪汉被便衣警察带走，他不仅没有家，这一次还失去了自由。12．Whenenteringthecar

,howdidtheauthorfeelatfirst?A．Annoyed.B．Puzzled.C．Sad.D．Calm.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断

，“我”感到很困惑，故B项正确。13．Howdidpeoplereacttothehomelessman?A．Theycaughthimandcalledthepolice.B．Theycoveredh

imwithcleanclothes.C．Theydislikedandavoidedhim.D．Theystaredathimcuriously.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；根据第三段第三句可知，流浪汉偶尔抓挠自己，人们看着他

，好像他曾经犯罪了一样；据此可以判断，人们不喜欢他，避免和他接触，故C项正确。14．Itcanbelearnedthatthepoliceman________．A．wasveryrudetothemanB．sentthemanbacktohishometownC．forcedt

hemantoleavethecityD．wentoffthetrainwiththemanD解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的可知，警官最后带着这个流浪汉走下了火车，故D项正确。15．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthehomeless

man?A．Heisaloseroflife.B．Heisworthourrespect.C．Heisveryfunny.D．Heisafearlessfighter.A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、第三句可知，如果他没有家，至少他还有自由，如今

他两个都没有了。据此可以判断，他是一个生活的失败者，故A项正确。Ⅱ七选五(2018·临沂模拟)Collegevisitsareimportant.1.________.Also,beforeyoucommityearsofyourlifeandthousandsofdollarstoas

chool,makesureyou’rechoosingaplacethatsuitsyoubest.Belowareafewtipsforgettingthemostoutofyourcollegevisit.•E

xploreonyourown2．________.Sotrytowalktheextramilesandgetthecompletepictureofthecampusonyourown.Whenyouvisitthestudentcenter,academicbuildingsandres

idencehalls,takeafewminutestoreadthebulletinboards(告示板).Theyprovideaquickandeasywaytoseewhat’shappeni

ngoncampus.•EatinthedininghallandsleepinthedormYoucangetagoodfeelforstudentlifebyeatinginthedininghall.Isthefoodgood?Aretheread

equatehealthyoptions?Andifit’satallpossible,spendanightatthecollege.3.________．•4.________Ifyouknowwhatyouwanttostudy,haveaconferencewithaprofessoran

dstudentsinthatfield.You’llgettoobserveotherstudentsinyourfieldandseehowengagedtheyareinclassroomdiscussion.Theywillgiveyouanopportunitytos

eeifthemajorreallymatchesyou.5.________．Lastly,ifyou’recomparingseveralschools,besuretorecordyourfeelingsduringthevisit.Theymayhelpyoucarryonfurt

herstudybeforemakingyourfinaldecision.A．Youcan’tgetthe“feel”ofaschoolfromanyguidebookB．Forone,theyhelpdemonstrateyourinterestinaschoolC．Thetr

ainedtourguideswillshowyouaschool’ssellingpointsD．Mostcollegesdon’tallowvisitorstodropinonclassunannounce

dE．VisitaclassinyourmajorandtalkwithaprofessorandlotsofstudentsF．Nothingwillgiveyouabettersenseofstudentlifethan

anightinthedormG．Ifyouhaven’tdecidedonamajoryet,morevisitstodifferentmajorclassesarenecessary【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。要想了解一所大学，

最好能自己在学校逗留一段时间，了解饮食住宿、课外活动，再通过听课来了解下与专业相关的情况等。1．B解析：根据文章主旨句“Collegevisitsareimportant.”可知，去校园参观对了解一所大学很重要。结合下文中的“Also”和语境可知，此处指校园参

观很重要的原因。B项“一方面它们有助于证实你对一所学校的兴趣”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。2．C解析：根据下文中的“extramiles”和“getthecompletepicture”可知，你还要独自在校园多走走，靠你自己了解整个校园。由此推知，C项“受过专业培训的导游会向你

展示学校的卖点”能引起下文，符合语境。故选C。3．F解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段写的是通过在食堂吃东西和在宿舍睡觉来进一步了解学校。结合“spendanightatthecollege”可知，F项“没有什么比在宿

舍睡一个晚上能让你对学生生活有更深的认知了”符合语境。故选F。4．E解析：空格处为本段小标题，应是对本段内容的概括。根据本段内容可知，E项“去一个你要学的专业的班级与教授和本专业的学生进行沟通”是对本段的概括。故选E。5．G解析：根据上文中的“se

eifthemajorreallymatchesyou”可知，此处指看看这个专业是不是真的适合你。G项“如果你还决定不了要学的专业，多看看不同专业的课堂(学习)是很有必要的”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·山西八校第

一次联考)Oneday,whilewewerevisitingmyparentsonafarminlatesummer,Dadmentionedhe’dalwayswantedaCrimsonKingMaple

Treefortheyard.Momagreedthatthetreeswere__1__．Likemanyotherparents,minewerehardto__2__for,soIfiguredthiswasagreatoppo

rtunitytogetthemsomethingthey’d__3__．Ialsothoughttwowouldbeevenbetter.Icheckedthe__4__atworkanddecideditwasabitmorethanIcould__

5__—butallofmysiblings(兄弟姐妹)agreedtogivesomemoneytobuythetrees.InnorthernOhio，youdon’tplantmapletreesatChristmas,sowedecidedto__6__MomandDad

withaspecialChristmasinOctoberbeforetheground__7__．Weaskedmyauntifshe’dhelpuswiththe“__8__”，andshecalledmyparen

ts__9__tosayshewascomingforaSundayvisit.Thenmysistersandsisters-in-lawwentinto__10__，planningabigholi

dayturkeydinner.Onthe__11__Sunday,weallmetatmyhouseand__12__thetreesintoatruck.I__13__asSantaClaus.Whenwearrivedatmyparents’house，Dadwas__14__so

methingwaswrongfirst.HeandMomwereamazedwhenwetoldthem__15__wewerethere.WhenChristmas__16__，ofcourse,wecouldn’tgotoourparents

’houseempty­handed,soMomandDadgot__17__presentsthatyear.Almosthalfacenturylater,I__18__drivebytheoldfarmandsmilewh

enIseethosebig,handsome__19__andremembergivingaspecial__20__tospecialpeopleatChristmasinOctober.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和亲

人们一起用特别的方式给其父母带来惊喜的经历。1．A.distinctiveB．fragrantC．expensiveD．prettyD解析：上文提及父亲想要在庭院种植一棵枫树，下文提及“thosebig,h

andsome”，故此处应是母亲也欣然同意，认为枫树很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive“与众不同的”；fragrant“芳香的”；expensive“贵的”。2．A.shopB．representC．answerD．careA

解析：根据上文的“Likemanyotherparents，minewerehardto”，下文的“soIfiguredthiswasagreatopportunitytogetthemsomething”以及接下来介绍的作者兄弟姐妹几人为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者

觉得给父母买东西是很难的，故选shop“购物”。3．A.deserveB．appreciateC．advertiseD．imagineB解析：根据上文的“Dadmentionedhe’dalwayswantedaCrimsonKingMapleT

reefortheyard...”及下文介绍的为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者认为这是一个给父母买他们欣赏的东西的好机会。deserve“值得，应得”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”；advertise“为„„做广告”；imagine“想象”。4．A.res

ultB．numberC．priceD．expressC解析：根据下文的“butallofmysiblings(兄弟姐妹)agreedtogivesomemoneytobuythetrees”可知，作者在上班时查

看了一下枫树的价格(price)，认为它的价格比自己能支付得起(afford)的还要高一点。5．A.affordB．expectC．fancyD．handleA解析：参见上题解析。6．A.frightenB．assistC．surpriseD．

rewardC解析：从下文作者联合其姑姑来帮忙实施这个计划以及计划具体实施的内容可知，作者他们想给父母一个惊喜(surprise)。7．A.warmedB．frozeC．softenedD．darkenedB解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“InnorthernOhio,youdon’tplantma

pletreesatChristmas”及“aspecialChristmasinOctoberbeforetheground”可知，作者他们决定在土地上冻之前让父母度过一个特别的圣诞节。freeze“结冰”符合语境。soften“变软，软化”。8．A.trickB．purchaseC．

choiceD．decorationA解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者询问姑姑是否可以帮忙实施这个“骗局(trick)”。9．A.inadvanceB．intimeC．byaccidentD．onpurposeA解

析：根据上下文语境可知，作者的姑姑提前(inadvance)给作者的父母打电话说她会在周日来拜访。intime“及时”；byaccident“意外地”；onpurpose“故意地”。10．A.serviceB．actionC．ef

fectD．productionB解析：根据下文的“planningabigholidayturkeydinner”可知，随后，作者的姐妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行动起来。gointoaction“行动起来”符合语境。gointos

ervice“投入使用”；gointoeffect“生效”；gointoproduction“投入生产”。11．A.regularB．separateC．givenD．chosenD解析：根据语境可知，作者和亲人们

在选定的(chosen)那个周日聚到自己家里。regular“惯常的，有规律的”。12．A.sortedB．loadedC．transportedD．transplantedB解析：根据下文的“thetreesinto

atruck”可知，作者他们把树装上(loaded)卡车。sort“整理”；transport“运输，运送”；transplant“移植”。13．A.dressedupB．passedoffC．lookedonD．st

artedoutA解析：根据下文的“asSantaClaus”可知，作者把自己装扮(dressedup)成圣诞老人。passsb./sth.offas...“把„„冒充为„„”；lookonsb./sth.as...“

把„„当作„„”；startoutas...“以„„开始，起初是„„”。14．A.delightedB．annoyedC．disappointedD．convincedD解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“somethingwaswrongfirst”可知，作者的父亲一开始坚信哪里出了

问题。convinced“确信，坚信”符合语境。15．A.whenB．howC．whyD．whetherC解析：根据语境可知，当我们告诉他们我们为什么(why)会在那里的时候，父母感到很吃惊。16．A.camearoundB．droppedoutC．tur

nedupD．drewinA解析：根据下文的内容可知，当又到圣诞节时，作者他们去探望父母。comearound“再次出现，再度发生”；dropout“退出”；turnup“出现”；drawin“(白天变得)渐短”。17．A.generousB．additionalC．d

oubleD．specialC解析：根据上文的“InnorthernOhio,youdon’tplantmapletreesatChristmas,sowedecidedto...withaspecialChristmasinOctober”可知，

作者他们在十月份的时候已经为父母送上了一份特别的圣诞节礼物，而在真正的圣诞节到来的时候，他们又不能空手去拜访自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了双份的(double)圣诞节礼物。18．A.evenB．justC．onceD．stillD解析：根据上下文语境可知，时

隔几乎半个世纪之后，当作者看到那些高大、漂亮的枫树(trees)时依然(still)会面带微笑地驶过那个农场。19．A.farmsB．treesC．trucksD．yardsB解析：参见上题解析。20．A.congratulationB．giftC．donationD．greetingB解析：

作者看着那些枫树时，会想起自己多年前在圣诞节送给父母特别的礼物(gift)。上文中的“presentsthatyear”亦是关键提示。congratulation“祝贺”；donation“捐赠物”；greeting“问候”。Ⅱ语法填空(2018·湖北武汉高中毕业生调研测试)

Sendinggiftsvariesgreatlyfromcountrytocountry.InAustralia,Canada,theUnitedStates1.____________Europe

ancountries,sendinggiftsisrarelyexpected.Whileseenasanicegesture,itismoreimportanttoavoid2.____________(give)highlypersonalgifts

suchasclothing.Whenvisitingthehomeofacolleaguefromoneofthese3.____________(country),itisnormallyappropriatetobringagifttothehostess.InAmeri

ca,4.____________(expense)giftsaredefinitelyout.Agood5.________________(choose)istotakethedeservingpersontodinner,orto6._________

___entertainmentorasportingevent.7.____________thecontrary,giftgivingisatraditionalcustominJapan.InJapanthepropergiftisthought8.__________

__(express)thegiver’struefriendship,gratitudeandrespectfar9.____________(well)thanwordscan.SoifyouplantovisitJapanortohaveanyJap

anesevisityouhere,beprepared.Australiaisknownforitsfriendlinessandinformality.Somodestgifts,suchasadiary,apaperweight,oracof

feecupmight10.____________(present)toafriend.Atatradeshow,T­shirts,ties,baseballcaps,orapinmaybeappropriatesouvenirs.Anythingmorethanthesetype

sofgiftscouldcauseembarrassment.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。1．and解析：考查连词。根据空前的“Australia,Canada,the

UnitedStates”和空后的“Europeancountries”可知，空处前后为并列关系，故用并列连词and。2．giving解析：考查动名词。avoiddoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。3．countries解析：考查名词的

数。根据空前的these可知，可数名词country应当用复数形式。4．expensive解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词gifts，故用形容词形式。5．choice解析：考查名词。根据空前的形容词good和不定冠词A可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。6．an解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指

“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。7．On解析：考查固定搭配。onthecontrary为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。8．toexpress解析：考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。bethou

ghttodosth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，故用动词不定式。9．better解析：考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，该处用well的比较级。10．bepresented解析：考查被动语态。该句主语modestgifts和动词present之间是被动关系，故用被动语

态。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018·太原模拟)Youmayfeelshortofmoneyevenifyouhaveago

odsalary.Thefollowingaresometipson61.____________tosaveyourmoney.First,setgoalstosavemoneyandformmoney－saving62.____________(habit)whilest

ayingawayfromthosewhowastemoney.Thinktwicebeforeusingmoneyonexpensiveskincareproducts.Second,cutdownyou

rdailyexpenses.Whengoingtoasupermarket,writedownwhatyouwanttobuytoavoid63.____________(buy)unnecessarystuf

f.Girls,64.____________alwaysspendmoneyonclothes,shouldkeep65.____________eyeopenfordiscounts—you’relikelytob

uygoodsummerdressinwinterata66.____________(reason)price.Third，economizeyoursociallife.Whenit’syourturntobuyameal,inviteyourfriendstoy

ourhomeandcookthedinner67.____________(you)．Ifyouseparatefromyourboyfriend,you68.____________(suppose)todonatethegiftshesenttoyoutosomecharitiesinst

ead69.____________throwingthemaway.70.____________(final),youneedtofindotherwaystoearnextramoney.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些节省开支的建议。61．

how解析：考查宾语从句。根据下文可知，本文主要介绍了一些节省开支的建议，即如何节省开支。故填how。62．habits解析：考查名词的数。habit是可数名词，此处应用其复数形式，意为“养成省钱的习惯”。故填habits。63．bu

ying解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句法知识可知，avoid后应接动词的现代分词形式作宾语。故填buying。64．who解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Girls”，指人，且关系

词在从句中作主语，故应用who引导该从句。故填who。65．an解析：考查冠词。keepaneyeopenfor为固定短语，意为“密切注意，留心”，符合语境。故填an。66．reasonable解析：考查词性转换。根据空格前的冠词“a”及空格后的名词“price”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词

“price”，表示“以一个公道的价格”。故填reasonable。67．yourself解析：考查代词。根据第三点建议可知，要节约社交开支；由此可推知，当轮到你请客吃饭时，你可以邀请朋友到家里来自己做饭给他们吃。

故填yourself。68．aresupposed解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。besupposedtodosth.为固定句型，意为“应该做某事”；此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语是“you”，故谓语动词用复数。故填aresuppo

sed。69．of解析：考查介词。insteadof为固定短语，意为“而不是”。故填of。70．Finally解析：考查词性转换。此处应用final的副词形式修饰整个句子。故填Finally。注意首字母大写。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，

满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，

并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018·临沂

模拟)Lastweekend,myparentsandIstartearlytovisitmygrandpainthecountrysidewhereisabout80kmaway.Whenwearrived,wesawsom

edisheshadbeenpreparingforus.Mygrandpawasmorethanhappytoseemeorhavedinnerwiththem.Asmygrandpaisagoodcook,soweateupallthed

eliciousdishes.Afterdinner,helistenedmyreportaboutthelifeinschool.Hetoldmetotakemoreexercisetostayhealth.Healsotoldmetostud

yhardlytogetfurthereducationinakeyuniversitytomakethegreatercontributiontoourmotherland.答案：Lastweekend,myparentsandIstartstartedearlyto

visitmygrandpainthecountrysidewherewhich/thatisabout80kmaway.Whenwearrived,wesawsomedisheshadbeenpreparingpreparedforus.My

grandpawasmorethanhappytoseemeorandhavedinnerwiththemus.Asmygrandpaisagoodcook,so＼weateupallthedeliciousdishes.Afterdinner,heli

stened∧tomyreportaboutthelifeinschool.Hetoldmetotakemoreexercisetostayhealthhealthy.Healsotoldmetostudyhardlyhar

dtogetfurthereducationinakeyuniversitytomaketheagreatercontributiontoourmotherland.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·临沂模拟)假定你是

李华，你在学校举行的主题为“MyDream”的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖，并即将参加颁奖典礼。请你用英语写一篇获奖感言，内容包括：1．获奖感受；2．表达谢意；3．你的打算。注意：1.词数100左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)；2.可以适当增加细节

，以使行文连贯。Hi,everyone，_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________On

epossibleversion：Hi,__everyone，IfeelsohonoredtohavewonthefirstprizeinthisEnglishspeechcontest.It’sreallyabigsurpriseformeast

herearesomanyexcellentspeakers.Standinghere,Ifirstowemysuccesstomydearteacher,Ms.Li.Itwasshewhogavemesomuchencouragementandguidancet

oprepareforthiscontest.Second,IwanttothankmyclassmateswhohelpedmetoimprovemyoralEnglish.Withoutthem,Icouldn’thavemadeit

.Iknowthere’sstillalongwayformetogoandI’mdeterminedtostudyharderinthecomingdays.Thankyou！