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Ⅰ阅读理解(2018·兰州高考实战模拟)Inmanydevelopedcountries,peoplewhohavehighdegreesbegintoworklongerthanthosewhodon’t.About65%ofAmericanmenaged62－74withaprofes

sionaldegreeareintheworkforce(劳动人口),comparedwith32%ofmenwhoonlyfinishhighschool.Thisgapispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educatedwe

althyandtheunskilledpoor.Rapidtechnologicaladvancehasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilledwhilesqueezingthoseoftheunskilled.T

heconsequences,forindividualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisfacinganastonishingriseinthenumberofoldpeop

le,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.Overthenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600millionto1.1billio

n.Theexperienceofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity(长寿)translatedintomoreyearsinretirementratherthanmoreyearsa

twork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshift(变化)willleadtoslowereconomicgrowth,whiletheswelling(渐增的)ranksofpensionerswillc

reategovernmentbudgetproblems.Policiesarepartlyresponsible.ManyEuropeangovernmentshaveabandonedpoliciesthatusedtoencouragepeopletoret

ireearly.Eventhebetter­offmustworklongertohaveacomfortableretirement.Butthechangingnatureofworkalsoplaysabigr

ole.Payhasrisensharplyforthehighlyeducated,andthosepeoplecontinuetoreap(获得)richrewardsintooldagebecausethesedaystheeducatede

lderlyaremoreproductivethanthepreceding(先前的)generation.Technologicalchangemaywellreinforce(强化)thatshift:thes

killsthatcomplement(补充)computers,frommanagementknow­howtocreativity,donotnecessarilydeclinewithage.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了在发达国家有专业技能的人的工作年限更长及其原因

分析。1．Whatisthecommonphenomenonintheworkforceinrichcountries?A．Youngerpeoplearereplacingtheelderly.B．Well­educatedpeopletendtoworklonge

r.C．Peoplewithnocollegedegreecannotfindanyjob.D．Unemploymentratesaredecreasingyearafteryear.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“Inmanydevelopedcountrie

s,peoplewhohavehighdegreesbegintoworklongerthanthosewhodon’t.”可知，在发达国家，受过良好教育的人的工作年限更长，故选B。2．Inviewofthe

experienceofthe20thcentury,manyobserverspredictthat________．A．economicgrowthwillslowdownB．governmentbudgetswilldecreaseC．mo

repeoplewilltrytoreceivehighereducationD．therewillbemorecompetitioninthejobmarketA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Theexperienceofthe20

thcentury,whengreaterlongevity(长寿)...pensionerswillcreategovernmentbudgetproblems.”可知，选A。3．Accordingtothetext,whatistheresultofpolicychanges

inEuropeancountries?A．Unskilledworkersmaychoosetoretireearly.B．Moreandmorepeoplehavetogoabroadtohuntforjobs.C．Peoplemaybeabletous

ecomputerstodomorecomplicatedwork.D．Evenwealthypeoplemustworklongertolivecomfortablyinretirement.D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“Eventhebetter-offmustwor

klongertohaveacomfortableretirement.”可知，欧洲国家政策的变化导致富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能过上舒服的退休生活，故选D。4．Theunderlinedword“know

-how”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto“________”．A．acompletelydifferentenvironmentB．practicalknowledgeandtechnica

lskillsC．abetterunderstandingofpolicychangesD．thecouragetofacedifficultiesanddangersB解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Technologica

lchangemaywellreinforce(强化)thatshift:theskillsthatcomplement(补充)computers,frommanagementknow­howtocreativity,donotnecessarilydeclinewithage.”可知，

know­how是对skills的限定修饰，由此可推知，know-how指相应的技能和知识，故选B。Ⅱ七选五(2018·南昌高三模拟)Yourfirststeptowardhealthylivingistogetahandleony

ourhealthstatusrightnow.Here’syourto－dolist：Assessyouractivity.Howmuchphysicalactivitydoyougetinatypicalweek?1.________？

Howmuchvarietydoyougetinyouractivity,andhowmuchdoyouenjoyit?TheCDCrecommendsthatadultsgetatleasttwoandahalfhoursperwee

kofmoderate－intensityaerobicactivityoronehourand15minutesperweekofvigorous－intensityaerobicactivity,plusmuscle－str

engtheningactivityatleasttwodaysperweek.Keepafooddiary.Writedowneverythingyoueatforaday—andnofairskippingtheitemsyou’reembarrass

edabout.“2.________，”saysKathianneSellersWilliams,MEd,RD,anutritionist,wellnesscoach,andpersonaltrainerwithCafePhysiqueinA

tlanta.“Youcan’tchangewhatyou’renotawareofordon’tacknowledge.”Checkyourmoodandenergy.Healthylivingincludesemot

ionalwellnessandadequaterest.Howhasyourmoodbeenlately?3.________？Doyouusuallysleepwellforseventoeighthoursanight?4．________.Howstrongare

yourconnectionswithfamilyandfriends?Areyoupluggedintosocialorspiritualgroupsthatenrichyourlife?“Peopleha

veafundamentalneedforpositiveandlastingrelationships，”C．NathanDeWall,assistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofKentucky,tellsWebMD.Ifyou’ren

otthrilledwiththeanswerstosomeofthosequestions,rememberthatthepointistofigureoutwhereyouaretodaysoyoucansetyourhealthylivinggoals.It’snotabout

being“good”or“bad”，“right”or“wrong”.5.________.A．HowintenseisthatactivityB．ConsideryoursocialnetworkC．Theideaistowriteitdownwithoutjudgm

entD．It’stimetolearnsomethingaboutthesocialappsE．It’sOKifyouleaveoutsomeitemsinyourfooddiaryF．ItistheawarenessofyourownstateofhealththatmattersG．Are

youexperiencinganysymptomsofdepressionoranxiety【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了掌握自身健康状况的方法。1．A解析：根据该段主题句“Assessyouractivity.”以及关键词activity可知A项与此处匹配。A项与“How

muchphysicalactivitydoyougetinatypicalweek？”及“Howmuchvarietydoyougetinyouractivity,andhowmuchdoyouenjoyit？”为并列问句。2．C解析：根据空前的

“Writedowneverythingyoueatforaday—andnofairskippingtheitemsyou’reembarrassedabout.”可知，空处应讲的是不做评判地记下一天要吃的食物。所以C项

正确。3．G解析：空前一句“Howhasyourmoodbeenlately？”中的关键词mood与G项中的“anysymptomsofdepressionoranxiety”相呼应；G项与空后的“Doyouusuallysleepw

ellforseventoeighthoursanight？”为并列问句。4．B解析：根据空后的“Howstrongareyourconnectionswithfamilyandfriends?Areyoupluggedintosocialorspiritualgroupsthatenrichyo

urlife？”和“Peoplehaveafundamentalneedforpositiveandlastingrelationships”可知，本段主要讲述的是要有社交活动，B项中的“socialnetwork”与此呼应。所以选B。5．F解析：根据

空前的“It’snotaboutbeing‘good’or‘bad’，‘right’or‘wrong’．”可知，选F项“意识到你自身的健康状况是很重要的”。Ⅲ语法填空(2018·山东省实验中学诊断)Mostpeopleagreethatthebestway1.____________(impr

ove)yourskillsinanyendeavoristopracticeandpracticeandthenpracticesomemore.Thisapplies2.____________(equal)toplayingsportsorbecomingagoodmusician,

painterordoctor.Ofcourse,naturaltalentalsoplaysapartinhigh3.____________(achieve),butlearningthecorrect

techniquesandthenpracticingthemwillimproveanyone’sperformance.Thesameprinciple4.____________(apply)tocompetentre

aders.Therearecertain5.____________(technique)youcanlearnandthen6.____________isuptoyoutopractice.Thetextsyouchoosetopracticewithshouldnotbe

toodifficultoryouwillsoongetfrustratedandbored.Onewaytotest7.____________atextisattherightlevelornotistoreadthefirstpage.Ifthepercentageofnewwordsis8

.____________(high)than3%,youwillnotbeabletoreadthetexteasilyandsowillprobablynotenjoyit.Readingwillalsob

eenjoyableifthesubjectinterestsyouoryoubelieveitisuseful.Forexample,supposeinbiologyyouwerestudyinghowplantsreprod

uce,thenyoucouldfindanEnglishtextaboutthis9.____________theInternet.ThatwayyouwouldbepracticingreadinginEnglishaswellas10.____________(s

tudy)biology.【解题导语】文章向我们介绍了英语阅读练习的相关技巧，强调练习在任何领域都起着重要作用。1．toimprove解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数人认为在任何尝试中，提升你技能最好的方式是练习、练习、再练习。thebestwayto

dosth.为固定结构，意为“做某事的最佳方式”，动词不定式结构作后置定语。2．equally解析：考查词性转换。句意为：这一点同样适用于体育运动或成为一名好的音乐家、画家或医生。分析句子结构可知，applyto为动词短语，应用副词修饰。故填equally。3．achieve

ment(s)解析：考查词性转换。句意：当然，天赋对于取得高成就起着重要作用„„设空前为介词in，故填achieve的名词形式achievement(s)，作宾语。4．applies解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：同样的原则适用于有能力的读者

。根据句意及句子结构可知，Thesameprinciple为主语，且此处阐述的是客观事实，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填applies。5．techniques解析：考查名词单复数。句意：有些特定的技巧供

你学习，然后练习取决于你自己。technique在此意为“技巧”，为可数名词，根据Thereare可知应用复数形式。故填techniques。6．it解析：考查代词。句意见上一题解析。Itisuptosb.todosth.为固定句型，it为

形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填it。7．whether解析：考查宾语从句。句意：检测一篇文章是否难度适中的一种方式是读第一页。分析句子结构可知，test为动词，后接宾语从句，结合句意和空后的ornot可知，此处填whether。8．hig

her解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：如果生词率高于3%，你将很难读懂文章，因此可能也不会喜欢这篇文章。根据空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填higher。9．on解析：考查介词。句意：„„你可以在网上找到有关这一主题的英文文章。o

ntheInternet为固定搭配，意为“在网上”。10．studying解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以用那种方式练习用英语阅读和学习生物。由aswellas可知，practicing和设空处并列，

故填studying。Ⅳ短文改错(2018·南昌十校模拟)Itisclearshownthatmanymiddleschoolstudentshavephysicalandmentalproblems

.68%ofthestudentssurveyinghavestudyinganxietyaswellaspooreyesighttoo.Andalargerpercentagelackssleep.52

%areshortofphysicalexercise.42%ofthestudentswon’tobeyourparentsorteachers.Personally，Ithinkwestudent

shouldbalanceourphysicalexerciseandstudies.Withoutsoundbody，onecan’tachieveanything.However，toomuchattent

ionhasbeenpaidonlyonstudies.Asaresult,Isuggestwearegivenlesshomeworkormoretimeforout－of－classroomactivities.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveahappyandhealthylif

e.答案：Itisclearclearlyshownthatmanymiddleschoolstudentshavephysicalandmentalproblems.68%ofthestudentssurveyingsurveyedh

avestudyinganxietyaswellaspooreyesighttoo＼.Andalargerpercentagelackslacksleep.52%areshortofphysicale

xercise.42%ofthestudentswon’tobeyourtheirparentsorteachers.Personally,Ithinkwestudentstudentsshouldbalanceourphysicalex

erciseandstudies.Without∧asoundbody，onecan’tachieveanything.However，toomuchattentionhasbeenpaidonlyont

ostudies.Asaresult,Isuggestwearebegivenlesshomeworkorandmoretimeforout－of－classroomactivities.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveahap

pyandhealthylife.