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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·合肥高三教学质量检测)IfyouhavetheopportunitytovisitsomeplacesinNewZealand,thenthelistbelowisourrecom

mendation.FiordlandNationalParkThisparkispartoftheSouthWestlandWorldHeritageAreaandisNewZealand’slargestnational

parkandoneofthelargestintheworld.ThesceneryinFiordlandisnothingshortofextremelybeautiful,withsteepmountains,wildwaterfal

ls,andabundantrainforests.Beingabletocomebackandforthinitsdeepbayattractsmostofthevisitors.Theareahassomeoftheworld’sgreatestwalk

sincludingtheworldfamousMilfordTrack,whichwasdescribedasthefinestwalkintheworldintheearlytwentiethcentury.AbelTasmanNationa

lParkAbelTasmanmaybeNewZealand’ssmallestnationalpark,buttheattractionsarehuge.LocatedinoneofNewZealand’ssunniestspots,the

areaalsohasthebestbeachesinthecountry.ThepopularAbelTasmanWalkisagreatwaytoseethispark.Ittakes3－5daystocomplete.Seataxisareals

oavailableandcandropyouoffatanynumberofbeacheswithinthepark.RotoruaAccessiblefromNewZealand’sbiggestcity,Auckland,Rotoruaisfamousforitsvolcan

icactivities.Rotoruaisalsofamousforitsplentifullakeswhicharegreatforswimmingandfishing.Thesurroundingareacontainsplentyofnativebushes

andsomefamouswalks.RotoruaisalsothebestareainthecountrytoexperienceandlearnaboutMaoriculture.MtCookNationalPar

kMtCookaswellasthesurroundingareaisanalpine(高山的)parkwithintheWorldHeritagelistedinSouthWestland.ThebiggestpeaksinallofAustralasiaareher

e.Theparkdoesn’tcontainmanytreesorplantsduetothealtitude.Walksrangefromatwo-hourwalktodifficulttrackssuitableforexperiencedmounta

ineersonly.AhelicopterorplaneridegivesvisitorsexcellentviewsofthemountainswiththeoptionoflandingatthetopofTasmanGlacier,atrueperm

anentsnow­coveredalpineenvironment.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新西兰值得游玩的几个地方。1．ThemostimpressiveexperienceinFiordlandNationalParkmaybe________．A．

rockclimbsB．forestcampsC．waterjumpsD．boattripsD解析：推理判断题。根据FiordlandNationalPark部分第一段尾句“Beingabletocomebackandforthinitsdeepb

ayattractsmostofthevisitors.”可知，能够在它的深海湾里来回穿梭会吸引大多数的游客；据此可以判断，在Fiordland国家公园，令人印象最深刻的经历是乘船旅行，故D项正确。2．If

youareinterestedinfolkcustoms,youcangotovisit________．A．FiordlandNationalParkB．RotoruaC．MtCookNationalPa

rkD．AbelTasmanNationalParkB解析：细节理解题。根据Rotorua部分第二段“RotoruaisalsothebestareainthecountrytoexperienceandlearnaboutMaoriculture.”可知，Rotorua也是全国最好的学习毛

利文化的地方；如果你对民间风俗感兴趣，可以去那里，故B项正确。3．IfyougotovisitMtCookNationalPark,youcan________．A．viewsomeamazingwat

erfallsB．enjoysometropicalfruitsC．steponthetopofTasmanGlacierD．takewalksinvariousbushesC解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，乘坐一架直

升机或飞机并选择在TasmanGlacier顶部着陆，可以让游客欣赏到山区的美景，TasmanGlacier是真正的永久积雪覆盖的高山环境。据此可知，如果去MtCook国家公园，你可以登到TasmanGlacier顶部，故C

项正确。B(2018·河南实验中学模拟)ThepoliceinTaiwanareunabletojudgewhethertotreatitasanextremelycleveractofstealingoranevenc

leverercheat.Eitherway,itcouldbetheperfectcrime,becausethecriminalsarebirds—homingpigeons!Thecrimebeginswithatelephonemessagetotheownerof

astolencar:Ifyouwantthecarback,payup.Then,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofindabirdcageandhowtoattach

moneytotheneckofthepigeoninside.Carryingthemoneyinatinybag,thepigeonfliesoff.Therehavebeenatleastfoursuchpigeonpick－

upsinChangwa.Whatatfirstseemedliketheworkofacleverstay－at－homecarthief,however,mayinfactbetheworkofanevenlazierandmoreinventivecriminalmind—onethata

voidsnotonlycollectingmoneybutalsogoingouttostealthecarinthefirstplace.PoliceofficerChensaysthatthecriminalprobablyhaspulledadoubletrick:Heget

smoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.Insteadofstealingcars,heletssomeoneelsedoitandthenwaitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaperas

kingforhelp.Thetheoryissupportedbythefactthat,sofar,noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned.Also,theamoun

tofmoneydemanded—under3，000Taiwandollars—seemstoolittleforacarworthmanytimesmore.Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoneystoppedassoonasthepressreporte

dthestory.Andeveniftheystartagain,Chenholdslittlehopeofcatchingthecriminal.“Wehavemoreimportantthingstodo，”hesaid.【解题导语】本

文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为。台湾的警察无法断定这到底是聪明的盗窃行为还是更加聪明的诈骗行为，因为罪犯是信鸽。4．Afterthecar－ownerreceivedaphonecall,he________．A．wenttoacert

ainpigeonandputsomemoneyinthebagitcarriedB．gavethemoneytothethiefandhadhiscarbackinaparkC．sentsomemoneytothethiefbymailD．

toldthepressaboutitA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Then,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofindabirdcageandhowtoattachmoneytot

heneckofthepigeoninside.可知，车主接到电话后，他会被指示去某个公园找到鸟笼，把钱系到鸟笼内鸽子的脖子上。故选A项。5．Thewritermentionsthefactthat“noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturne

d”toshow________．A．howeasilypeoplegetfooledbycriminalsB．whatChenthinksmightbecorrectC．thethiefisextremelyclever

D．themoneypaidistoolittleB解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的Hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.可知，警察认为那些丢车的人根本不可能拿回他的车。故选B项。6．Theunderlinedword“they”

inthelastparagraphrefersto____________．A．criminalsB．pigeonsC．thestolencarsD．demandsformoneyD解析：词义猜测题。上文提到一旦

报纸报道了这件事，这样的事情就没有了。由此可知they就是指代上文提到的Demandsforpigeon－deliveredmoney。故选D项。7．Wemayinferthatthecriminalknowsho

wtoreachthecar－ownersbecause____________．A．hereadstheadsinthenewspaperB．helivesinthesameneighborhoodC

．hehasseenthecar－ownersintheparkD．hehastrainedthepigeonstofollowthemA解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句．..waitsforthecar－ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaperaski

ngforhelp.可知，罪犯看了报纸上的广告然后找到丢车的人。故选A项。C(2018·湖南部分重点中学考前演练)I’msometimestold,“Youhavetomakeyourownluck.Ifyoudon’ttrysomething

,howcanyousucceed？”Thisisverytrueforcompetitions.Therearepeoplewhoregularlytakepartinallsortsofcompetitionswithgreatenthusiasm.T

hesepeoplearenicknamedcompers.Themotivationforbeingacomperisobvious：it’saboutbeingawinnerandbeingrewardedwithaprize.Theseprizescanb

esmallorlarge：fromaboxofchocolatestoanewcar,atripofalifetimearoundtheworld,orevenanewhouse.Isn’tthatworthcompetingfor?Ofcoursecompetit

ionsthatoffermoneyprizesattractentryfrommillionsofpeople,makingtheoddsofwinningveryunlikely.Butonemanwhohasbe

enluckyisaretiredlecturerfromtheU．K.calledMartinDove.Heisaserialcomperandhasmanagedtobagprizessuchasayachtandaracehorse.M

artinsays：“I’vebeenacomperfor40years.It’slikeadmittingsomeaddiction,isn’tit？”Hegetsrespectfromothercompersanda

lsoadmits，“SomepeoplehavecalledmetheMasterofComping,theKingofComping,theGuruofComping.Butit’sjustaword,justaph

rase.It’sjustbecauseIfrequentlyappearedinthemedia.”Formany,winningremainsadream,buttheycontinuetotrytheirluckasthere’salwaysasmallcha

ncethattheymightsucceed.Butwhatifyoudowin?Thenyouhavetoask：howamIgoingtospendallthatmoney?Somepeoplesaythat“moneycan’tbuyyouhappiness”.Whatdoyouth

ink?【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了一种社会现象：有些人总是热衷于参加各种形式的比赛活动，目的就是获奖。你是否有过类似的经历呢？8．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Thisisverytrueforcompetitions.”？A．Competition

sbringpeopleluck.B．Onemustbeinacompetitiontowinit.C．Tryinggetspeopletosucceed.D．Peoplenaturallycompetewitheachother.B解析：推理判断题。This指的应是前

面的“Ifyoudon’ttrysomething,howcanyousucceed？”，再结合第二段提到的人们参加比赛赢奖可知，此处指的是对于比赛来说，一个人必须先参与进去然后才有可能赢得比赛，故选B。9．Whoarecompers?A．Tho

sealwaysstandingoutincompetitions.B．Thoseaddictedtoenteringcompetitions.C．Thoseoftenenteringcompetitionsfor

prizes.D．Thosecompetingforothers’recognition.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Therearepeoplewhoregularlytakepartinallso

rtsofcompetitions...it’saboutbeingawinnerandbeingrewardedwithaprize.”可知，compers指的是那些频繁地参加比赛以获取奖品的人。故选C。10．Whatdoestheunderline

dword“odds”probablymean?A．Possibility.B．Investment.C．Importance.D．Advantage.A解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Ofcoursecompetiti

onsthatoffermoneyprizesattractentryfrommillionsofpeople，makingtheoddsofwinningveryunlikely.”并结合常识可知，比赛的奖金是有限的，而参赛的人

越多，获奖的概率就越小。由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”。故选A。11．WhatdoMartin’swordssuggest?A．Anyjobcanofferopportunities.B．Hehasattract

edconsiderableattention.C．Persistenceisthekeytohissuccess.D．Hehassetagoodexampletoothers.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句及第四段的内容可知，Martin经常参加比赛，而且得到了一

些大奖并赢得了其他参赛者的尊重，甚至一些人称其为“参赛大师”、“参赛大王”、“参赛专家”。由此可知，Martin得到了广泛的关注。故选B。D(2018·湖北部分重点中学新高三起点考试)“It’sabighammer

tocrackanut.”Thisishowoneangryparentdescribedtherecentcrackdown(严厉的打击)byLondonpoliceonparentswhodroptheirkidsoffatschoolbyca

r.Yes，youreadthatcorrectly—theverymodeoftransportationthatmanyAmericanschoolsinsististheonlysafewaytodeliverkidstoschoolisnowconsid

eredillegalintheU．K.ThedecisiontofineanyvehiclesseendroppingofforpickingupkidswithinaparticularzoneofeastLondoncome

sfromcitycouncilors’(议员)long-termeffortstomaketheareasaferandlesscrowded.Theysaythey’vebeentryingforyears“toencouragereasonablepa

rking”，butinvain.Neighborhoodresidentscomplainfrequentlyabouttheirdrivewaysbeingblockedbyillegallyparkedcarsfo

r15minutesormore，oftenwhilethey’retryingtogettowork，andthestreetsarelongovercrowded.Nowtheruleshavechanged.Someparentsareangry.Angieisamothe

rwhomadethe“bighammer”commentandsaysthecrackdownis“wayoverthetop”．Thenearestdrop-offpointforhersix-year-oldisnowafive-minutewalkfromtheschool.Ot

hersarehappywiththedecision，severethoughitmayseem.CouncilorJasonFrostsaid:“Traffichasbeenclearlyreduced，

andmorechildrenarenowwalkingtoschool，whichisagreatoutcome.Iwouldratherhavecomplaintsthatweareslightlyinconveni

encingparentsthanhearthatachildhadbeenseriouslyinjuredbecausenothingwasdone.”Iwitnessdailythechaos(混乱)createdbythesein-towndr

ivers，whenIwalkmyownkidstoschool.There’saparkinglotcrowdedwithvehiclesandaslow­movingtrainofcarsmovingincircles，manyfillingtheairwithha

rmfulsmoke.Meanwhile，theconversationsaroundoverweightchildrenandtheimportanceofdailyphysicalactivitiescontinuetostandoutinschool

s.【解题导语】本文讲述伦敦自实行在学校门口严禁停车这一做法以来的变化。12．WhyisAngieopposedtothenewrule?A．SheisoftenfinedbyLondonpolice.B．Shewilllo

seherjobasaschooldriver.C．ShehasadaptedtotheAmericanpractice.D．Shethinksitaddsinconveniencetoherkid.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“

Thenearestdrop-offpointforhersix-year-oldisnowafive-minutewalkfromtheschool.”可知，对于她6岁的孩子来说，最近的下车点离学校有五分钟的步行路程，据此可推知，Angie认为不能在

校门口停车给孩子带来不便。所以选项D正确。13．WhyhasthenewrulebeenmadeaccordingtoJasonFrost?A．Onaccountofmanycomplaints.B．Becauseofstudents’

healthproblem.C．Owingtosafetyconcern.D．Duetoairpollution.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“long-termeffortstomaketheareasaf

erandlesscrowded”以及第四段最后一句可知，选项C的表述“Owingtosafetyconcern.”是正确的。14．Whatcanbeseenafterthecrackdowniscarriedout?A．Lessdail

ychaos.B．Supportfromallpeople.C．Moreoverweightchildren.D．Complaintsfromneighbors.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Traffichasbeenclearlyreduced，andmorechil

drenarenowwalkingtoschool，whichisagreatoutcome.”可知，车辆已经明显减少，许多孩子正在步行上学，日常混乱的场景越来越少，这是最大的结果，所以选项A正确。15．What

isthemainideaofthetext?A．Parentsattempttoresistaschoolrule.B．Londonpolicecausewidespreadanger.C．Americanschoolsc

aremoreaboutkids’safety.D．Differentvoicesareheardonanewtrafficpolicy.D解析：主旨大意题。根据全文可知，伦敦学校门口家长停车造成安全事故和交通堵塞，因此议员提议对这一现象进行制止，由此引发家长的议论。因此选项D符合题意。Ⅱ七选五(

2018·南昌模拟)Yourfirststeptowardhealthylivingistogetahandleonyourhealthstatusrightnow.Here’syourto－dolist：Assessyouractivity.Howmuc

hphysicalactivitydoyougetinatypicalweek?1.________？Howmuchvarietydoyougetinyouractivity,andhowmuchdoyouenjoyit?TheCDCrecommendsthatadultsgetatl

easttwoandahalfhoursperweekofmoderate－intensityaerobicactivityoronehourand15minutesperweekofvigorous－intensityaerobicactivity,plusmuscle－stren

gtheningactivityatleasttwodaysperweek.Keepafooddiary.Writedowneverythingyoueatforaday—andnofairskippingtheitemsyou’reembarrassedabo

ut.“2.________，”saysKathianneSellersWilliams,MEd,RD,anutritionist,wellnesscoach,andpersonaltrainerwithCa

fePhysiqueinAtlanta.“Youcan’tchangewhatyou’renotawareofordon’tacknowledge.”Checkyourmoodandenergy.Healthylivingincludesemotionalwellnessandadeq

uaterest.Howhasyourmoodbeenlately?3.________？Doyouusuallysleepwellforseventoeighthoursanight?4．________.Howstrongareyourconnecti

onswithfamilyandfriends?Areyoupluggedintosocialorspiritualgroupsthatenrichyourlife?“Peoplehaveafundamentalneedforpositive

andlastingrelationships，”C.NathanDeWall,assistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofKentucky,tellsWebMD.Ifyou’renot

thrilledwiththeanswerstosomeofthosequestions,rememberthatthepointistofigureoutwhereyouaretodaysoyoucansetyourhealthylivinggoa

ls.It’snotaboutbeing“good”or“bad”，“right”or“wrong”.5.________．A．HowintenseisthatactivityB．ConsideryoursocialnetworkC．Theideaistowriteitdownw

ithoutjudgmentD．It’stimetolearnsomethingaboutthesocialappsE．It’sOKifyouleaveoutsomeitemsinyourfooddiaryF．Itistheawarenessofyourownstateofheal

ththatmattersG．Areyouexperiencinganysymptomsofdepressionoranxiety【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了掌握自身健康状况的方法。1．A解析：根据该段主题句

“Assessyouractivity.”以及关键词activity可知A项与此处匹配。A项与“Howmuchphysicalactivitydoyougetinatypicalweek？”及“Howmuchvarietydoyougetinyouractiv

ity,andhowmuchdoyouenjoyit？”为并列问句。2．C解析：根据空前的“Writedowneverythingyoueatforaday—andnofairskippingthei

temsyou’reembarrassedabout.”可知，空处应讲的是不做评判地记下一天要吃的食物。所以C项正确。3．G解析：空前一句“Howhasyourmoodbeenlately？”中的关键词mood与G项中的“anysymptomsofde

pressionoranxiety”相呼应；G项与空后的“Doyouusuallysleepwellforseventoeighthoursanight？”为并列问句。4．B解析：根据空后的“Howstrongareyourconnectionswithfam

ilyandfriends?Areyoupluggedintosocialorspiritualgroupsthatenrichyourlife？”和“Peoplehaveafundamentalneedforpositiveandlastingrelationshi

ps”可知，本段主要讲述的是要有社交活动，B项中的“socialnetwork”与此呼应。所以选B。5．F解析：根据空前的“It’snotaboutbeing‘good’or‘bad’，‘right’or

‘wrong’．”可知，选F项“意识到你自身的健康状况是很重要的”。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·安徽百所重点高中模拟)Tenyearsago,adoctortoldmesomethingwaswrongwithmylungandIhadtogiveupworkatonceandw

enttobed.Iwastotally__1__andfeltIwassuddenlyplacedunder__2__ofdeathwithanindefinitereprieve(缓刑).Aftercarefulthoug

ht,I__3__myaffairs;thenIwenthomeandgotintobed.But2yearslater,Ileftmybedand__4__thelongclimbback.Itwasanotheryear__5__Imadeit.Ispeakofthisexperie

ncebecausethesepastyearshave__6__mewhattovalueandwhattobelieve.I__7__nowthatthisworldisnotmyoyster(牡蛎)tobeopened

butmy__8__tobegrasped.I’vealsolearnedthatit’snecessaryto__9__thoselittlebutimportantthingsIneverthoughtIwould__10__befo

re:themusicofthewindinmyfavoritepinetree,the__11__ofsunlightonrunningwater.Iseemnow,withsomeofthe__12__freshnessofchildhood,tohearandsee.How

well,__13__，IrecallthetouchoftheearththedayIfirststeppeduponitaftertheyearsinbed.Itwaslike__14__one’scitizenshipinaworldonehadnearlylost.Frequently

,I__15__myselfthatIneedmakenotesofthis__16__I’mlivinginnow,becauseinitI’mwell，__17__doingwhatIlikebest.Itwon’talwaysbelikethis

，__18__I’llmakethemostofitandbegrateful.I__19__allthistothatlongtimespentinbed.Wiserpeoplecometothis__20__withouthavingtoacquireitthehardway.ButIwa

sn’twiseenough.I’mwisernow,alittle,andhappier.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东西。因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加

珍惜，并心存感激。1．A.confusedB．shockedC．determinedD．annoyedB解析：根据上文中的“Tenyearsago，adoctortoldmesomethingwaswrongwithmylungandIhadto

giveupworkatonceandwenttobed.”可知，当被告知自己的肺部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊(shocked)。confused“困惑的”；determined“坚决的”；annoyed“恼怒的”。2．A.trialB．pressureC．sente

nceD．controlC解析：作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的“withanindefinitereprieve(缓刑)”可知，此处应选sentence“宣判，判刑”。undersentenceofdeath“被判处死刑”。3

．A.madeupB．setupC．tookupD．clearedupD解析：仔细思考之后，作者把手头的事务处理掉，然后回家了。根据上文中的“Ihadtogiveupworkatonceandwenttobed”可知，clearup

“解决，清理”符合语境。makeup“组成，编造”；setup“设立”；takeup“开始从事，占据”。4．A.recalledB．beganC．avoidedD．acceptedB解析：两年后，作者离开了病床，开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状

态的“攀登”。recall“回忆起”；avoid“避免”；accept“接受”。5．A.whenB．afterC．sinceD．beforeD解析：过了一年，作者就做到了。Itwas/is＋一段时间＋before...是固定句型，意为“过了……才/就……”。6．A.assignedB

．taughtC．treatedD．assuredB解析：作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会(taught)了作者应该珍惜什么，相信什么。assign“分配，分派”；treat“招待”；assure“使确信”。7．A.admitB．demandC．expect

D．realizeD解析：现在作者意识到(realize)这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎，而是需要他去抓住的机会。admit“承认”；demand“要求”；expect“期待，期望”。8．A.knowledgeB．opportunityC．attentionD．pointB解析：参见上题解析

。grasptheopportunity“抓住机会”，是固定搭配。knowledge“知识”；attention“注意力”；point“观点”。9．A.dismissB．listC．defineD．appreciateD解析：作者也学会了欣赏(appreciate)那些不起眼的

但很重要的东西，而作者之前从未想过自己会去注意这些东西。dismiss“不予理会，不予考虑”；list“列举”；define“给……下定义，解释”。10．A.noticeB．recordC．rememberD．trackA解析：参见上题解析。notice“注意到”；reco

rd“记录”；remember“记得”；track“跟踪”。11．A.shadowB．shakeC．playD．feelingC解析：play“轻快变幻的动作，闪烁”，theplayofsunlighton

runningwater“阳光在流动水面上的闪烁”。12．A.damagedB．recoveredC．fadedD．changedB解析：作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered“重新获得的，重新找到的”，符合语境。13．A

.incontrastB．inreturnC．forinstanceD．bychanceC解析：比如，回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。forinstance“比如，例如”，符合语境。incontrast“相反

”；inreturn“作为回报”；bychance“偶然地”。14．A.maintainingB．regainingC．discoveringD．forgettingB解析：这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain“重新得到”和下文的“lost”相对

应。maintain“维持”；discover“发现”；forget“忘记”。15．A.remindB．promiseC．adviseD．convinceA解析：作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻，因为活在此刻，作者是健康且快乐的，而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情

。remind“提醒”，符合语境。promise“许诺，允诺”；advise“建议”；convince“使相信”。16．A.countryB．momentC．memoryD．inspirationB解析：参见上题解析。moment“时刻”；inspiration“灵感”。17．A.pleased

B．courageousC．confidentD．strongA解析：pleased“快乐的，高兴的”；courageous“勇敢的”；confident“自信的”；strong“坚强的”。下文中的“I’mwisernow，alittle，andhappier.”亦是提

示。18．A.meanwhileB．otherwiseC．howeverD．thereforeD解析：它不会总是如这般存在，因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系，故用therefore。meanwhile“与此同时”；otherwise“否则”；however“然

而”。19．A.applyB．oweC．contributeD．adaptB解析：作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe...to...“把……归功于……”，是固定用法。20．A.awarenessB．agreementC．commentD．compromi

seA解析：更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness“意识，明白”符合语境。compromise“妥协”。Ⅱ语法填空InrecentyearsmanyTVshowshavebecomeextremelypopularamongChineseaudience.Thosepr

ograms，rangingfromtalentordatingshowstorealityshows1.____________(receive)bothcommercialsuccessandpublicattention.Theirpopularityis2.__________

__(main)basedonsimplefacts.First,theycare3._________socialconcerns.Second,withoutexception,theyexploreaperfectbalan

cebetweentheinternationalformsandChineseexpressions.Despiteapparenthighlights,muchroom4.____________(leave)forimprovement.Aboveall,c

ommercialinterestsoftenoutweigh5.____________(education)purposes,causingmanycomplaintsaboutthe6.____________(bearable)advertisements.Inadditio

n,somesharpremarks,7.____________theyareeye-catching,mayhavemisleadingeffectsontheyouth.Inmyopinion,suchshowsshouldshouldermoreresponsib

ilityinsteadofmerely8.____________(entertain)thepublic.9.____________isexpected,theseprogramsshouldbepositiveintheirformsaswellasfunctions.Meanwhil

e,the10.____________(medium)shouldalsosafeguardthevaluesofoursociety.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。如今，电视节目从才艺展示、相亲节目到真人秀均赢得了关注。作者就此分析了这种现象产生的原因和缺陷，同

时也阐述了自己的看法。1．havereceived解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“Inrecentyears”和“havebecome”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填havereceived。2．m

ainly解析：考查词性转换。bebasedon意为“以……为基础”，根据词法知识可知，此处应用副词修饰该动词短语。故填mainly。3．about解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，他们关心社会问题。ca

reabout意为“关心”，符合语境。故填about。4．isleft解析：考查动词的时态和语态。纵观全文时态可知，此处应使用一般现在时；主语“room”是谓语动词leave的承受者，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填isleft。5．educational解

析：考查词性转换。根据词法结构可知，此处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词“purposes”。故填educational。6．unbearable解析：考查词形转换。根据语境可知，商业利益胜过了教育目的，这使得令人难以忍受的广告遭到了诸多投诉。unbearable是beara

ble的反义词，意为“难以忍受的”，修饰名词“advertisements”，符合语境。故填unbearable。7．though/although解析：考查连词。句意：此外，一些尖刻的言论，尽管非常引人注

目，但也许会对年轻人产生误导。根据语境可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。故填though/although。8．entertaining解析：考查非谓语动词。“insteadof”为介词短语，后接v.­ing，即这些节目应承

担更多的责任而不只是娱乐大众。故填entertaining。9．As解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如预料的那样，这些节目在形式和作用上都应积极向上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代后面的整个主句，意为“正如”。故填As。注意首字母大写。10．media

解析：考查名词复数。根据空格前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应用名词作主语；此处指所有的媒体，故用medium的复数形式。故填media。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个

适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018·武汉调研)TheChineseGardenofFriendshipwasbuiltasabeautifulsymboloffriendship61.____________SydneyintheStateofNewS

outhWalesandGuangzhouintheprovinceofGuangdong,China(sistercitiesofsisterstates),tomarkAustralia’sbicentenaryin198

8.Thegarden62.____________(design)andbuiltbyChineselandscapearchitectsandgardeners63.____________(follow)theTaoistprinciplesof“Yin－Y

ang”andthefiveoppositeelements—earth,fire,water,metalandwood.Theseprinciplesalsostressthe64.____________(important)ofQi,thecentralforceoflif

eandenergy.Yin－Yang65.____________(play)suchavitalrolethatjustonemissingelementwoulddisrupt(扰乱)thegarden’sharmonyandbalance.H

owever,when66.____________(combine)perfectly,thefiveelementsformafluidandnurturingenvironment.Everythingyouencounterinthegarden

hasbeenhand－pickedandverycarefullyplacedtocapturethefiveelementsandtheenergyofQi.Unlikewestern－stylegardens,therearenoplantedflowerbeds67.__________

__neatly－cutlawns.Instead,wild68.____________(aspect)ofnaturearerecreatedinlandscapes69.____________featurewaterfalls,mountains,lakesandfore

sts.TheartofChineseGardendesignbeganinimperialparksduringtheShangDynasty3,000yearsago.DarlingHarbour’sChineseGardenofFriendshipisasmall－scaleve

rsionofa70.____________(type)privategardenfromthistime.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了象征友谊的中国园林的设计原理和风格，以及园林里的一些特色风景。61．betwe

en解析：考查连词。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，此处指作为两个城市之间友谊的象征，符合语境。故填between。62．wasdesigned解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这座花园是由中国的景观设计师和园艺家设计修建的。

主语“Thegarden”与“design”之间构成被动关系，且此处是陈述过去发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasdesigned。63．following解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指景观设计师和园林师遵循道家的阴阳法则。根据语境可知，“architects

andgardeners”与动词follow之间构成主动关系，故应用follow的现在分词形式作状语。故填following。64．importance解析：考查词性转换。句意为：阴阳和五行强调“气”的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量。根据词法知识可知，此处应

用important的名词形式作动词“stress”的宾语，且用定冠词“the”修饰。故填importance。65．plays解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：阴阳起着如此关键的作用，以至于一个要素的

缺失都会扰乱花园的和谐与平衡。根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时；主语“Yin-Yang”是抽象名词，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。66．combined解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：当五个要素完美结合时，就形成了一个流

动的培养环境。此处when引导的是时间状语从句，主句主语“thefiveelements”与动词combine之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，其中主语和be动词可省略。故填combined。67．or解析

：考查连词。句意为：与西式风格的花园不同，这个花园里没有种植花圃和修剪整齐的草坪。在否定句中表示“和……”用连词or。故填or。68．aspects解析：考查名词复数。根据下文中的“arerecreated”可知，主语是复数。故填aspects。69．that/which解析：考查定语从

句。根据语境可知，这些风景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林为特色。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“landscapes”，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。故填that/which。70．typical解析：考查词性转换。根据空格前的

“a”和空格后的“privategarden”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，typical意为“典型的”。故填typical。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同

桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处

错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018·银川检测)IprefermyEnglishclassestobetaughtinEnglishonly.Whatweallknow,ag

oodlearningenvironmentisofgreatlyimportanceifwewanttostudyEnglishwell.ClassesteachinginEnglishprovidestudentsforabetterenvir

onment.WhenEnglishisanonlylanguageinclass,studentswillhavemoreopportunitytopractiselisteningandspeaking.However,therewereproblemswiththisme

thod.SometimeswemayfinddifficulttofollowtheteacherandsomeslowlearnersmayevengiveuplearnEnglish.Inspiteofthesedifficul

ties,butIbelievepracticemakesperfect.Withenoughpractice,wecanovercomethedifficultiesandbenefitfromEnglishclass

esinthelongrun.答案：IprefermyEnglishclassestobetaughtinEnglishonly.WhatAsweallknow,agoodlearningenvironmentisofgreatlygreatimp

ortanceifwewanttostudyEnglishwell.ClassesteachingtaughtinEnglishprovidestudentsforwithabetterenvironment.WhenEnglishisantheonlylang

uageinclass,studentswillhavemoreopportunityopportunitiestopractiselisteningandspeaking.However,therewereareproblemswiththismethod

.Sometimeswemayfind∧itdifficulttofollowtheteacherandsomeslowlearnersmayevengiveuplearnlearningEnglish.Inspiteoft

hesedifficulties,but＼Ibelievepracticemakesperfect.Withenoughpractice,wecanovercomethedifficultiesandbenefitfromEnglishclassesinthelongrun.第二节书面

表达(满分25分)(2018·长沙四校模拟)假如你是校学生会主席李华。圣诞节即将到来，学生会将为你校学生举办一场圣诞晚会。请你根据以下提示，给你校外教Mr.Smith写信邀请他参加。要点如下：1．时间：下周五6：30

p．m.—8：30p．m.;地点：教学楼305室2．晚会过程：(1)Mr.Smith扮演圣诞老人；(2)教大家唱圣诞歌；(3)介绍西方人如何过圣诞节。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连

贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearMr.Smith，I’mwritingtotellyouagoodpieceofnews.___________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________Yourstruly，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：Dear__Mr.Smith，I’m__writing__to__tel

l__you__a__good__piece__of__news.Asyouknow，Christmasisapproaching.Inordertohelpyouhaveabetterfestivalexperience,theStudents’Unionwillo

rganizeaChristmaspartynextFriday.Ihopeyoucanattendit.YoucandressupasFatherChristmasgivingawaypresents,teachustosingChristmassongsandtel

luswhatthewesterners,especiallymiddleschoolstudentsdoduringChristmas.Thesearealltypicalactivities,andIbelieveweallhaveastronginterestinthem.Thepar

tywillbeheldinRoom305,TeachingBuildingat6：30p．m.Itwilllastabouttwohours.Iwonderifyou’dliketocomeandenjoythefun.Lookingforwardtoyour

comingwithgreatpleasure.Yours__truly，Li__Hua