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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·长沙高三期中)AboutEdinburghCastleEdinburghCastleplaysanimportantroleinScotland’scapital.DuringtheWarsofScottishIndependencethecastlechan

gedhandsmanytimes.In1314itwasretakenfromtheEnglishinasuddennightattackbyThomasRandolph,nephewofRoberttheBruce.Thecastlewashometokin

gsandqueens.QueenMargaretdiedherein1093,andMary,QueenofScots,gavebirthtoJamesVIintheroyalpalacein1566.Fromthe1

600sonwardsthecastlewasamilitary(军事的)base.Lateritalsoheldprisonersofwar.Partsofthecastlearestillamilitarybase,butitisnowaworld－famousvisit

orattraction.OpeningHoursThecastleopensdailyat9：30a．m.Closingtimevariesseasonally.1April－30September：Itclosesat6p．m.1October－31March：Itclosesat5

p．m.Thecastleisclosedon25thand26thDecember.OnJanuary1stitisopenfrom11a．m.to5p．m.andnormalhoursstartfromJanuary2nd.Lastadmissionis1hourbeforec

losing.TicketTypesandPricesBeatthequeuesandbookaheadonlineusingourwebstoreforfast－trackentryatnoextracost.Membersdonotneedto

queueattheticketoffice,andsimplyneedtoshowtheircardatVisitorInformation.PricesAdult(16－59years)£16.50Child(5－15years)£9.90Special(6

0＋yearsandunemployed)£13.20Childrenunder5yearsoldgofree.Theymustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.GuidedToursAguidedtourisincludedi

nyourticketprice—ourguideslovesharingtheirstories.Theyareexperienced,knowledgeableandarealwayshappytoanswerquestions,soit’sagreatwaytodisc

overthecastle’samazingpast.GuidedtourstakeplacethroughoutthedayandthemeetingpointisthroughthePortcullisGatep

asttheaudioboothbytheclock.【解题导语】该文主要介绍了去爱丁堡城堡游览的相关事宜。1．WhatcanbeinferredaboutEdinburghCastlefromthetext?A．Itwasuseda

saprisoninthe1500s.B．Itnowworksonlyasatouristattraction.C．ItwasthebirthplaceofQueenMargaret.D．Itwasonceo

wnedbynon－Scottishpeople.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一部分的“In1314itwasretakenfromtheEnglishinasuddennightattackbyThomasRandolph,nephewof

RoberttheBruce.”可知，爱丁堡城堡曾经被英国人占领和控制，故选D。2．WhencanvisitorsvisitEdinburghCastleonNewYear’sDay?A．4p．m.－6p．m.B．3p．m.－5p．m.C．10a．

m.－12a．m.D．9a．m.－11a．m.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分的“OnJanuary1stitisopenfrom11a．m.to5p．m.andnormalhoursstartfromJanuary2nd.”可知，新年这天可以参观

爱丁堡城堡的时间是上午11点到下午5点，结合选项可知选B。3．HowmuchshouldjoblessJackandhistwingrandchildrenaged5payinalltovisitEdinburghCastle?A．￡1

3.20.B．￡16.50.C．￡33.00.D．￡36.30.C解析：推理判断题。结合题干并根据第四部分关于门票的价格可知，应该付的数目是13.2＋9.9×2＝33.00，故选C。4．Whatdoesthetextsayaboutguidedtourso

fEdinburghCastle?A．Theycostnoextramoney.B．Theyareprovidedonlyatcertaintimes.C．Questionsaren’twelcomedduringthem.D．Theyareprovided

onlyatthePortcullisGate.A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“Aguidedtourisincludedinyourticketprice”可知，导游的费用包含在票价里，不需要花费额

外的钱，故选A。B(2018·银川高三检测)Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whi

leyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.Astudypublishe

dinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworka

gainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharder

forthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeff

ects,butrepeated,drawn­outincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselong-termhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiod

oftime?Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.“Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkne

eandalongtheoutsideofyourleg，”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtem

poraryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatweknowasthat“pins__and__needl

es”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamag

e.Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,bu

titwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎

腿，要有正确的坐姿。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone’slegs?A．Itisaverybadsocialhabit.B．Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.C．Itcand

oharmtopeople’shealth.D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。6．Accordingtothestudy,sittingwith

yourlegscrossedcan________．A．affectyourbloodpressureB．resistgravityeffectivelyC．leadtoheartattacksea

silyD．improvethefunctionoflegsA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。7．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans“_

_______”．A．slightlysharppainsB．beingalittletiredC．seriousmuscleinjuriesD．beinghighlyflexibleA解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Thispressurecancausenum

bnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时

麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparecommonhabits.B．Togivereaderssomeadvice.C．Toevaluatetheef

fectsofanexperiment.D．Tointroduceresearchmethods.B解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。

Ⅱ完形填空(2018·长春七校联考)JakeOlsonlosthislefteyewhenhewaseightmonthsoldbecauseofaborncancer.__1__itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，i

treappearedand__2__thelossofhisrighteye.Butafteryearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam，Jakehas__3__theimpossibledream.He’snowapart

oftheteam，despitehistotal__4__，playingthegamenotbasedonsightbuton__5__．Beinga__6__fanoftheUSCTrojans，oneofJake’slast__7__beforehelosthiseyewastowatc

htheteamplayatNotreDame.Hisstronglikingforthesportdidn’tgo__8__—formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，invitinghimtomeetthe__9__．Inspiredbythoseplayers，Ja

kehopedtobe__10__inhisschool’sfootballteam.Atfirsthedidn’tthinkhewouldbeofanyreal__11__，butwhenheheardpeople’scheersforfoot

ballplayers，hisloveforfootballstrengthened.SoJake__12__thecoach，askingtojointheteam.Thecoachtoldhimt

o__13__thenextseason.SoJakespenthistimepracticinghard.__14__，hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason.Havin

gmadehishighschoolfootballteam，itdidn’tseemtoo__15__todothesameincollege.CoachSteveagreedthatJake__16__therequirementsoftheteam.SoJake’sd

reamcametrue.__17__football，Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker.“IwentintofootballwiththethoughtthatIhadnothingto

__18__，”Jakesaid.“Ireallyhadnofear.Goingthrough__19__inlifedoesmakeyoustronger.Life’sunfair，butit’s__20__menottogive

upandkeepfighting.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。JakeOlson双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的热爱。他是高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且他还是一位励志演讲人。1．A.UnlessB．ThoughC．Onl

yifD．NowthatB解析：根据下文的“itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，itreappeared...”可知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了，并导致(le

dto)JakeOlson失去了他的右眼。主从句之间存在让步关系，故选Though。2．A.backedoffB．heldbackC．brokedownD．ledtoD解析：参见上题解析。backoff“退缩，退却”；holdback“抑制，阻止”；brea

kdown“出故障，崩溃”。3．A.forgottenB．quittedC．realizedD．ignoredC解析：但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后，Jake实现了(realized)那个不可能的梦。下文中的“

Jake’sdreamcametrue”亦是提示。forget“忘记”；quit“放弃”；ignore“忽视”。4．A.blindnessB．absenceC．deafnessD．innocenceA解析：根据上文中的

“losthislefteye”“thelossofhisrighteye”可知，此处指尽管Jake双目失明(blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。absence“缺席”；deafness“聋”；i

nnocence“清白”。5.A.abilityB．guessC．feelD．imaginationC解析：根据上文提到的Jake双目失明的内容可知，此处指的应是他打球靠的不是视力而是感觉(feel)。abilit

y“能力”；guess“猜测”；imagination“想象”。6．A.responsibleB．faithfulC．carefulD．temporaryB解析：根据语境及上文的“yearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam”可知

，此处指作为USCTrojans球队的忠实粉丝，Jake在失去视力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是观看球队在NotreDame的比赛。responsible“负责任的”；faithful“忠实的”；careful“细心的”；temporary“

临时的”。7．A.chancesB．promisesC．coursesD．wishesD解析：参见上题解析。8．A.unnoticedB．unsolvedC．unreportedD．unlimitedA解析：根据下文的“formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，

invitinghimto...”可知，此外指Jake对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed“未被注意的，被忽视的”；unsolved“未解决的”；unreported“未报道的”；unlimited“无限制的，无条件的”。9．A.leadersB．p

layersC．fansD．coachesB解析：根据语境及上文提到的Jake是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队的比赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练Pete邀请Jake跟球员们(players)见面。下文中的“Inspiredbythoseplayer

s”是关键的提示信息。10．A.occupiedB．involvedC．trappedD．absorbedB解析：受到那些球员们的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。beinvolvedin是固定搭配，意为“参与，参加”。beoccupiedin“忙于”

；betrappedin“被困在”；beabsorbedin“全神贯注于”。11．A.interestB．hopeC．useD．concernC解析：此处指尽管Jake想加入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾，Jake最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实

际的用处(use)。12．A.approachedB．appreciatedC．recognizedD．greetedA解析：因此，Jake找了教练，请求加入球队。approach“靠近，接洽”；appreciate“感谢，欣赏”；recognize“认出

，认可”；greet“问候”。13．A.pullthroughB．setoutC．leaveoffD．comebackD解析：根据下文的“thenextseason...hebecameastarterontheteaminthenex

tseason”可知，此处指教练叫Jake下个赛季再回来。pullthrough“痊愈，康复”；setout“动身踏上”；leaveoff“停止”；comeback“回来，返回”。14．A.GraduallyB．FinallyC．Recen

tlyD．AccidentallyB解析：所以Jake花时间刻苦练习，最后，在下个赛季，他成了球队的上场球员。gradually“逐渐地”；finally“最后，终于”；recently“最近”；accidentally“偶然地，意外地”。15．A.difficultB．accessibleC．a

ttractiveD．necessaryA解析：根据上文的“Havingmadehishighschoolfootballteam”可知，因为有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。di

fficult“困难的”；accessible“可接近的”；attractive“吸引人的”；necessary“必要的”。16．A.refreshedB．completedC．satisfiedD．acquiredC解析：根据

句中的“CoachSteveagreed”及下文中的“SoJake’sdreamcametrue.”可知，此处指教练Steve觉得Jake达到了球队的要求，因此Jake加入大学球队的梦想实现了。refresh“更新”；complete“完成”；satisfy“

满足”；acquire“获得”。17．A.ApartfromB．InsteadofC．RegardlessofD．ExceptforA解析：根据下文的“Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker

”可知，除了打橄榄球之外，Jake也是一位励志演讲人。apartfrom“除……之外(还有)”；insteadof“而不是”；regardlessof“不管”；exceptfor“除……之外”。18．A.shareB．loseC．offerD．desireB

解析：根据语境及下文的“Ireallyhadnofear.”可知，此处指Jake起初是带着自己没有任何可失去(lose)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的。19．A.failuresB．challengesC．competitionsD．fearsB解析：Jake身有残疾，所以要面对许多生活中的挑战(ch

allenges)，而这也使他变得更加坚强。failure“失败”；competition“竞争”；fear“恐惧”。20．A.warnedB．beggedC．convincedD．taughtD解析：根据上文内容可知，此处指的是生活是不公平的，但

它告诉Jake不要放弃，要坚持下去。warn“警告”；beg“乞求”；convince“说服”；teach“使明白”。