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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·长沙高三期中)AboutEdinburghCastleEdinburghCastleplaysanimportantroleinScotland’scapital.DuringtheWarsofScottis

hIndependencethecastlechangedhandsmanytimes.In1314itwasretakenfromtheEnglishinasuddennightattackbyThomasRandolph,nephewofRo

berttheBruce.Thecastlewashometokingsandqueens.QueenMargaretdiedherein1093,andMary,QueenofScots,gavebirthtoJa

mesVIintheroyalpalacein1566.Fromthe1600sonwardsthecastlewasamilitary(军事的)base.Lateritalsoheldprisonersofwar.Partsofthecastlearestillamilita

rybase,butitisnowaworld－famousvisitorattraction.OpeningHoursThecastleopensdailyat9：30a．m.Closingtimevariesseasonall

y.1April－30September：Itclosesat6p．m.1October－31March：Itclosesat5p．m.Thecastleisclosedon25thand26thDecembe

r.OnJanuary1stitisopenfrom11a．m.to5p．m.andnormalhoursstartfromJanuary2nd.Lastadmissionis1hourbeforeclosing.TicketTypesandPricesBeatthequeu

esandbookaheadonlineusingourwebstoreforfast－trackentryatnoextracost.Membersdonotneedtoqueueattheticketoffice,andsimplyneedtoshowtheircard

atVisitorInformation.PricesAdult(16－59years)£16.50Child(5－15years)£9.90Special(60＋yearsandunemployed)£13.20Childrenunder5yearsoldgofree.Theymustbe

accompaniedbyanadult.GuidedToursAguidedtourisincludedinyourticketprice—ourguideslovesharingtheirstories.Theyareexperienced,knowledgeableand

arealwayshappytoanswerquestions,soit’sagreatwaytodiscoverthecastle’samazingpast.Guidedtourstakeplacethroughoutthedayandthemeetingpointi

sthroughthePortcullisGatepasttheaudioboothbytheclock.【解题导语】该文主要介绍了去爱丁堡城堡游览的相关事宜。1．WhatcanbeinferredaboutEdinburghCastlefromth

etext?A．Itwasusedasaprisoninthe1500s.B．Itnowworksonlyasatouristattraction.C．ItwasthebirthplaceofQueenMargaret.D．Itwasonceownedbynon－Scottishpeople

.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一部分的“In1314itwasretakenfromtheEnglishinasuddennightattackbyThomasRandolph,nephewofRoberttheBruce.”可知，爱丁堡城堡曾经被英国人占领和控制，故选D。2

．WhencanvisitorsvisitEdinburghCastleonNewYear’sDay?A．4p．m.－6p．m.B．3p．m.－5p．m.C．10a．m.－12a．m.D．9a．m.－11a．m.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二部分的“OnJanuary1

stitisopenfrom11a．m.to5p．m.andnormalhoursstartfromJanuary2nd.”可知，新年这天可以参观爱丁堡城堡的时间是上午11点到下午5点，结合选项可知选B。3．HowmuchshouldjoblessJackandh

istwingrandchildrenaged5payinalltovisitEdinburghCastle?A．￡13.20.B．￡16.50.C．￡33.00.D．￡36.30.C解析：推理判断题。结合题干并根据第四部分关于门票的价

格可知，应该付的数目是13.2＋9.9×2＝33.00，故选C。4．WhatdoesthetextsayaboutguidedtoursofEdinburghCastle?A．Theycostnoextramoney

.B．Theyareprovidedonlyatcertaintimes.C．Questionsaren’twelcomedduringthem.D．TheyareprovidedonlyatthePortcullisGa

te.A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一部分的“Aguidedtourisincludedinyourticketprice”可知，导游的费用包含在票价里，不需要花费额外的钱，故选A。B(2018·银川高三检测)Crossingyourlegsisanextremelyc

ommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithoneknee

crossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourleg

scrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegov

ertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodp

ressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrepeated,drawn­outincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselong

-termhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodoftime?Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.“Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureo

nthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourleg，”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenum

bnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatwekno

wasthat“pins__and__needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnu

mbcancausepermanentnervedamage.Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Noton

lywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受

损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone’slegs?A．Itisaverybadsocialhabit.B．Itisusuallypracticeddelib

erately.C．Itcandoharmtopeople’shealth.D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。6．Accordingtothestudy,sittin

gwithyourlegscrossedcan________．A．affectyourbloodpressureB．resistgravityeffectivelyC．leadtoheartattackseasilyD．improvethefunctionofl

egsA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。7．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans“________”．A．slightlysharppainsB．beingalittletire

dC．seriousmuscleinjuriesD．beinghighlyflexibleA解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeo

fthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有

一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparecommonhabits.B．Togivereaderssom

eadvice.C．Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.D．Tointroduceresearchmethods.B解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎

腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·长春七校联考)JakeOlsonlosthislefteyewhenhewaseightmonthsoldbecauseofaborncancer.__

1__itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，itreappearedand__2__thelossofhisrighteye.Butafteryearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam，Jak

ehas__3__theimpossibledream.He’snowapartoftheteam，despitehistotal__4__，playingthegamenotbasedonsightbuton__5__．Beinga__6__fanof

theUSCTrojans，oneofJake’slast__7__beforehelosthiseyewastowatchtheteamplayatNotreDame.Hisstronglikingforth

esportdidn’tgo__8__—formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，invitinghimtomeetthe__9__．Inspiredbythoseplayers，Jakehopedtobe__10__inhisschool’sfoot

ballteam.Atfirsthedidn’tthinkhewouldbeofanyreal__11__，butwhenheheardpeople’scheersforfootballplayers，hislov

eforfootballstrengthened.SoJake__12__thecoach，askingtojointheteam.Thecoachtoldhimto__13__thenextseason.SoJakespenthistimepracticinghard.__14__

，hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason.Havingmadehishighschoolfootballteam，itdidn’tseemtoo__15__todothesameincollege.CoachSteveag

reedthatJake__16__therequirementsoftheteam.SoJake’sdreamcametrue.__17__football，Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker.“Iwentintofootballwiththet

houghtthatIhadnothingto__18__，”Jakesaid.“Ireallyhadnofear.Goingthrough__19__inlifedoesmakeyoustronger.Life’sunfair，butit’s__20__menottogiveupandkee

pfighting.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。JakeOlson双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的热爱。他是高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且他还是一位励志演讲人。1．A.UnlessB．ThoughC．OnlyifD．Now

thatB解析：根据下文的“itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，itreappeared...”可知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了，并导致(ledto)JakeOlson失去了他的右眼。主从句之间存在让步

关系，故选Though。2．A.backedoffB．heldbackC．brokedownD．ledtoD解析：参见上题解析。backoff“退缩，退却”；holdback“抑制，阻止”；breakdown“出故障，崩溃”。3．A.forgottenB

．quittedC．realizedD．ignoredC解析：但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后，Jake实现了(realized)那个不可能的梦。下文中的“Jake’sdreamcametrue”亦是提示。forget“忘记”；quit“放弃

”；ignore“忽视”。4．A.blindnessB．absenceC．deafnessD．innocenceA解析：根据上文中的“losthislefteye”“thelossofhisrighteye”可知，此处指尽管Jake双目失明(blindne

ss)，但他现在成了球队的一员。absence“缺席”；deafness“聋”；innocence“清白”。5.A.abilityB．guessC．feelD．imaginationC解析：根据上文提到的Jake双目失明的内容可知，此处指的应是他打球靠的不是视力

而是感觉(feel)。ability“能力”；guess“猜测”；imagination“想象”。6．A.responsibleB．faithfulC．carefulD．temporaryB解析：根据语境及上文的“yearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam

”可知，此处指作为USCTrojans球队的忠实粉丝，Jake在失去视力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是观看球队在NotreDame的比赛。responsible“负责任的”；faithful“忠实的”；

careful“细心的”；temporary“临时的”。7．A.chancesB．promisesC．coursesD．wishesD解析：参见上题解析。8．A.unnoticedB．unsolved

C．unreportedD．unlimitedA解析：根据下文的“formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，invitinghimto...”可知，此外指Jake对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed“未被注意的，被忽视的”；unsolved“未解决的”；unr

eported“未报道的”；unlimited“无限制的，无条件的”。9．A.leadersB．playersC．fansD．coachesB解析：根据语境及上文提到的Jake是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队的比赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练Pete邀请Jake跟球员们(players)见面。

下文中的“Inspiredbythoseplayers”是关键的提示信息。10．A.occupiedB．involvedC．trappedD．absorbedB解析：受到那些球员们的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。beinv

olvedin是固定搭配，意为“参与，参加”。beoccupiedin“忙于”；betrappedin“被困在”；beabsorbedin“全神贯注于”。11．A.interestB．hopeC．useD．concernC解析

：此处指尽管Jake想加入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾，Jake最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处(use)。12．A.approachedB．appreciatedC．recognizedD．greetedA解析：因此，Jake

找了教练，请求加入球队。approach“靠近，接洽”；appreciate“感谢，欣赏”；recognize“认出，认可”；greet“问候”。13．A.pullthroughB．setoutC．leaveoffD．co

mebackD解析：根据下文的“thenextseason...hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason”可知，此处指教练叫Jake下个赛季再回来。pullthrough“痊愈，康复”；setout“动身踏上”；leaveoff“停止”；

comeback“回来，返回”。14．A.GraduallyB．FinallyC．RecentlyD．AccidentallyB解析：所以Jake花时间刻苦练习，最后，在下个赛季，他成了球队的上场球员。grad

ually“逐渐地”；finally“最后，终于”；recently“最近”；accidentally“偶然地，意外地”。15．A.difficultB．accessibleC．attractiveD．necessaryA解析：根据上文的“Havingmadehishighscho

olfootballteam”可知，因为有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。difficult“困难的”；accessible“可接近的”；attractive“吸引人的”；necessa

ry“必要的”。16．A.refreshedB．completedC．satisfiedD．acquiredC解析：根据句中的“CoachSteveagreed”及下文中的“SoJake’sdreamcametrue.”可知，此处指教练Steve觉得Jake达

到了球队的要求，因此Jake加入大学球队的梦想实现了。refresh“更新”；complete“完成”；satisfy“满足”；acquire“获得”。17．A.ApartfromB．InsteadofC．

RegardlessofD．ExceptforA解析：根据下文的“Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker”可知，除了打橄榄球之外，Jake也是一位励志演讲人。apartfrom“除……之外(还有)”；insteadof“而不是”；r

egardlessof“不管”；exceptfor“除……之外”。18．A.shareB．loseC．offerD．desireB解析：根据语境及下文的“Ireallyhadnofear.”可知，此处指Jake起初是带着自己没有任何可失去(lose)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的

。19．A.failuresB．challengesC．competitionsD．fearsB解析：Jake身有残疾，所以要面对许多生活中的挑战(challenges)，而这也使他变得更加坚强。fail

ure“失败”；competition“竞争”；fear“恐惧”。20．A.warnedB．beggedC．convincedD．taughtD解析：根据上文内容可知，此处指的是生活是不公平的，但它告诉Jake不要放弃，要坚持下去。warn“警告”；beg“乞求”；con

vince“说服”；teach“使明白”。