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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·长沙高三期中)AboutEdinburghCastleEdinburghCastleplaysanimportantroleinScotland’scapital.DuringtheWarso

fScottishIndependencethecastlechangedhandsmanytimes.In1314itwasretakenfromtheEnglishinasuddennightattackbyThomasRandolp

h,nephewofRoberttheBruce.Thecastlewashometokingsandqueens.QueenMargaretdiedherein1093,andMary,QueenofScots,gavebirthtoJamesVIinth

eroyalpalacein1566.Fromthe1600sonwardsthecastlewasamilitary(军事的)base.Lateritalsoheldprisonersofwar.Partsofthecastlearestillamilitarybase

,butitisnowaworld－famousvisitorattraction.OpeningHoursThecastleopensdailyat9：30a．m.Closingtimevariesseasonally.1April－30Sep

tember：Itclosesat6p．m.1October－31March：Itclosesat5p．m.Thecastleisclosedon25thand26thDecember.OnJanuary1stitisopenfrom11a．m.to5p．m.andn

ormalhoursstartfromJanuary2nd.Lastadmissionis1hourbeforeclosing.TicketTypesandPricesBeatthequeuesandbookaheadonlineusingourwebstoreforfast－track

entryatnoextracost.Membersdonotneedtoqueueattheticketoffice,andsimplyneedtoshowtheircardatVisitorInformation.PricesAdult(16－59years)£1

6.50Child(5－15years)£9.90Special(60＋yearsandunemployed)£13.20Childrenunder5yearsoldgofree.Theymustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.Gui

dedToursAguidedtourisincludedinyourticketprice—ourguideslovesharingtheirstories.Theyareexperienced,knowledgeableandarealwayshappytoanswerquesti

ons,soit’sagreatwaytodiscoverthecastle’samazingpast.Guidedtourstakeplacethroughoutthedayandthemeetingpointis

throughthePortcullisGatepasttheaudioboothbytheclock.【解题导语】该文主要介绍了去爱丁堡城堡游览的相关事宜。1．WhatcanbeinferredaboutEdinburghCastlefromthetext?A．I

twasusedasaprisoninthe1500s.B．Itnowworksonlyasatouristattraction.C．ItwasthebirthplaceofQueenMargaret.D．Itwasonceownedbynon－Scottishpeople.D解析

：推理判断题。根据第一部分的“In1314itwasretakenfromtheEnglishinasuddennightattackbyThomasRandolph,nephewofRoberttheBruce.”可知，爱丁堡城

堡曾经被英国人占领和控制，故选D。2．WhencanvisitorsvisitEdinburghCastleonNewYear’sDay?A．4p．m.－6p．m.B．3p．m.－5p．m.C．10a．m.－12a．m.D．9a．m.－11a．m.B解析：

细节理解题。根据第二部分的“OnJanuary1stitisopenfrom11a．m.to5p．m.andnormalhoursstartfromJanuary2nd.”可知，新年这天可以参观爱丁堡城堡的时间是上午11点到下午5点，结合选项可知选B

。3．HowmuchshouldjoblessJackandhistwingrandchildrenaged5payinalltovisitEdinburghCastle?A．￡13.20.B．￡16.50.C．￡33.00.D．￡36.30.C解析：推理判断题。结合题干并根据第四部分关

于门票的价格可知，应该付的数目是13.2＋9.9×2＝33.00，故选C。4．WhatdoesthetextsayaboutguidedtoursofEdinburghCastle?A．Theycostnoextramone

y.B．Theyareprovidedonlyatcertaintimes.C．Questionsaren’twelcomedduringthem.D．TheyareprovidedonlyatthePortcullisGate.A解析：细节理解题。根据

最后一部分的“Aguidedtourisincludedinyourticketprice”可知，导游的费用包含在票价里，不需要花费额外的钱，故选A。B(2018·银川高三检测)Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeople

don’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedoverthe

other,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsitting

withyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedb

acktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyo

urbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrepeated,drawn­outincreasesinblo

odpressurecancauselong-termhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodoftime?Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.“Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausep

ressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourleg，”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenum

bnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatw

eknowasthat“pins__and__needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsunt

iltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywilli

thelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神

经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。5．Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone’slegs?A．Itisaverybadsocialhabit.B．Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.C．Itcandoharmtopeopl

e’shealth.D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。6．Accordingtothestudy,sittingwithyourlegscrossedcan

________．A．affectyourbloodpressureB．resistgravityeffectivelyC．leadtoheartattackseasilyD．improvethefunctionoflegsA解析：细节理解题。根据第

二段的第一句可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。7．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans“________”．A．slightlysharp

painsB．beingalittletiredC．seriousmuscleinjuriesD．beinghighlyflexibleA解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Thispressurecancaus

enumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知，这种

压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparecommonhabits.B．Togivereaders

someadvice.C．Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.D．Tointroduceresearchmethods.B解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项

正确。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·长春七校联考)JakeOlsonlosthislefteyewhenhewaseightmonthsoldbecauseofaborncancer.__1__itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，itreappe

aredand__2__thelossofhisrighteye.Butafteryearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam，Jakehas__3__theimpossibledream.He’snowapartofthetea

m，despitehistotal__4__，playingthegamenotbasedonsightbuton__5__．Beinga__6__fanoftheUSCTrojans，oneofJake’slast__7__befo

rehelosthiseyewastowatchtheteamplayatNotreDame.Hisstronglikingforthesportdidn’tgo__8__—formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，i

nvitinghimtomeetthe__9__．Inspiredbythoseplayers，Jakehopedtobe__10__inhisschool’sfootballteam.Atfirsthedid

n’tthinkhewouldbeofanyreal__11__，butwhenheheardpeople’scheersforfootballplayers，hisloveforfootballstrengthe

ned.SoJake__12__thecoach，askingtojointheteam.Thecoachtoldhimto__13__thenextseason.SoJakespenthistimepractic

inghard.__14__，hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason.Havingmadehishighschoolfootballteam，itdidn’tseemtoo__15__

todothesameincollege.CoachSteveagreedthatJake__16__therequirementsoftheteam.SoJake’sdreamcametrue.__17__football，Jak

eisalsoamotivationalspeaker.“IwentintofootballwiththethoughtthatIhadnothingto__18__，”Jakesaid.“Ireallyhadnofear.Goingthrough__19__i

nlifedoesmakeyoustronger.Life’sunfair，butit’s__20__menottogiveupandkeepfighting.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。JakeOlson

双目失明，但这并没有阻止他对运动的热爱。他是高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且他还是一位励志演讲人。1．A.UnlessB．ThoughC．OnlyifD．NowthatB解析：根据下文的“itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，itreappea

red...”可知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了，并导致(ledto)JakeOlson失去了他的右眼。主从句之间存在让步关系，故选Though。2．A.backedoffB．heldback

C．brokedownD．ledtoD解析：参见上题解析。backoff“退缩，退却”；holdback“抑制，阻止”；breakdown“出故障，崩溃”。3．A.forgottenB．quittedC．realizedD．ignoredC解析：但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄

球队加油多年之后，Jake实现了(realized)那个不可能的梦。下文中的“Jake’sdreamcametrue”亦是提示。forget“忘记”；quit“放弃”；ignore“忽视”。4．A.blind

nessB．absenceC．deafnessD．innocenceA解析：根据上文中的“losthislefteye”“thelossofhisrighteye”可知，此处指尽管Jake双目失明(blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。absence“缺

席”；deafness“聋”；innocence“清白”。5.A.abilityB．guessC．feelD．imaginationC解析：根据上文提到的Jake双目失明的内容可知，此处指的应是他打球靠的不

是视力而是感觉(feel)。ability“能力”；guess“猜测”；imagination“想象”。6．A.responsibleB．faithfulC．carefulD．temporaryB解析：根据语境及上

文的“yearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam”可知，此处指作为USCTrojans球队的忠实粉丝，Jake在失去视力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是观看球队在NotreDame的比赛。responsible“负责任的”；faithful“忠

实的”；careful“细心的”；temporary“临时的”。7．A.chancesB．promisesC．coursesD．wishesD解析：参见上题解析。8．A.unnoticedB．unsolvedC．unreportedD．un

limitedA解析：根据下文的“formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，invitinghimto...”可知，此外指Jake对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed“未被注意的，被忽视的”；unsolved“未解决的”；unreported“未报道的”

；unlimited“无限制的，无条件的”。9．A.leadersB．playersC．fansD．coachesB解析：根据语境及上文提到的Jake是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队的比赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练Pete邀请Jake跟球员们(players)见面。下文中的“Inspiredbyth

oseplayers”是关键的提示信息。10．A.occupiedB．involvedC．trappedD．absorbedB解析：受到那些球员们的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。beinvolvedin是固定搭配，意为“参与，参加”。beoccupiedin“忙于”；betrapp

edin“被困在”；beabsorbedin“全神贯注于”。11．A.interestB．hopeC．useD．concernC解析：此处指尽管Jake想加入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾，Jake最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处(use)。12．A.approached

B．appreciatedC．recognizedD．greetedA解析：因此，Jake找了教练，请求加入球队。approach“靠近，接洽”；appreciate“感谢，欣赏”；recognize“认出，认可”；greet“问候”。13．A.pullthroughB．setoutC．le

aveoffD．comebackD解析：根据下文的“thenextseason...hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason”可知，此处指教练叫Jake下个赛季再回来。pullthrough“痊愈，康复”；setout“动身踏上”；leaveoff“停止”；

comeback“回来，返回”。14．A.GraduallyB．FinallyC．RecentlyD．AccidentallyB解析：所以Jake花时间刻苦练习，最后，在下个赛季，他成了球队的上场球员。gradually“逐渐地”；finally“最后，终于”；recent

ly“最近”；accidentally“偶然地，意外地”。15．A.difficultB．accessibleC．attractiveD．necessaryA解析：根据上文的“Havingmadehishighs

choolfootballteam”可知，因为有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。difficult“困难的”；accessible“可接近的”；attractive“吸引人的”；necessary“必要的”。16．A.re

freshedB．completedC．satisfiedD．acquiredC解析：根据句中的“CoachSteveagreed”及下文中的“SoJake’sdreamcametrue.”可知，此处指教练Steve觉得Jake达到了球队的要求，因此Jake加

入大学球队的梦想实现了。refresh“更新”；complete“完成”；satisfy“满足”；acquire“获得”。17．A.ApartfromB．InsteadofC．RegardlessofD．

ExceptforA解析：根据下文的“Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker”可知，除了打橄榄球之外，Jake也是一位励志演讲人。apartfrom“除……之外(还有)”；instea

dof“而不是”；regardlessof“不管”；exceptfor“除……之外”。18．A.shareB．loseC．offerD．desireB解析：根据语境及下文的“Ireallyhadnofear.”可知，此处指Jake起初是带着自

己没有任何可失去(lose)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的。19．A.failuresB．challengesC．competitionsD．fearsB解析：Jake身有残疾，所以要面对许多生活中的挑战(

challenges)，而这也使他变得更加坚强。failure“失败”；competition“竞争”；fear“恐惧”。20．A.warnedB．beggedC．convincedD．taughtD解析：根据上文内容可知，此处指的是生活是不公平的，但它告诉J

ake不要放弃，要坚持下去。warn“警告”；beg“乞求”；convince“说服”；teach“使明白”。