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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·吉林长春七校高三第一次联考)JosephGoldbergerwasadoctorfortheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceandhewasanadvocateforscientificandsocial

recognitionofthelinksbetweenpovertyanddisease.In1914,GoldbergerwasaskedbyU．S.SurgeonGeneralRupertBluetostudyaski

ndiseasethatwaskillingthousandsofpeopleintheSouth.Thediseasewaspellagra(糙皮病)．Goldbergertraveledtothestat

eofMississippiwheremanypeoplesufferedfrompellagra.Hestudiedthevictimsandtheirfamilies.Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife

.Thedoctorcametobelievethatthediseasedidn’tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.Hereceivedpermissi

onfromthestategovernortotestthisideaataprison.Prisonerswereofferedpardonsiftheytookpart.Onegroupofprisonersreceivedtheirusualfoods,most

lycornproducts.Asecondgroupatemeat,freshvegetablesanddrankmilk.Membersofthefirstgroupdevelopedpellagra.Thesecond

groupdidnot.ButsomemedicalresearchersrefusedtoacceptGoldberger’sidea.FortheSouth,pellagrawasmorethansimplyame

dicalproblem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride.SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected(注射)withbloodfromapers

onwithpellagra.Healsotookliquidfromthenoseandthroatofapellagrapatientandputthemintohisownnoseandthroat.Heevenswallo

wedpillsthatcontainedskinfrompellagrapatients.Anassistantalsotookpartintheexperiments.SodidGoldberger’swife.Noneofthemgotsick.JosephGoldber

gerdiedofcancerin1929.Hewasfifty­fiveyearsold.Severalyearslater,researchersdiscoveredtheexactcauseofpellagra：alackofvitaminB3k

nownasniacin.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国医生JosephGoldberger研究糙皮病的患病原因的过程。JosephGoldberger医生的认真、牺牲精神令人感动。1．Whowereeasytargetsofpellagraaccordin

gtoGoldberger?A．PeopleinAmerica.B．Peopleputintoprison.C．Peoplehavingapoordiet.D．Peopletouchingpellagr

apatients.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife...thediseasedidn’tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.”，再结合Goldb

erger在监狱进行的实验的内容可知，在JosephGoldberger看来，糙皮病和食物有关，而且患者大多生活条件差；再结合实验中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了该病可知，不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病。2．WhatdidGoldbergerwanttoprovebythe

experimentsmentionedinParagraph4?A．Pellagrawasn’tsoterrible.B．Pellagradidn’tspread.C．Pellagracouldbecured.D．Pellagrawasn’tamedicalproblem.B解析：推理判

断题。根据第二段中提到的Goldberger认为糙皮病不是传染病以及第四段中提到的他为了证明自己的观点而进行的实验的内容(将患糙皮病的人的血液注射到自己的体内、将糙皮病病人的鼻腔和口腔中的液体放入自己的鼻腔和口腔以及吞咽含有糙皮

病病人的皮肤组织的药丸)和结果(他没患病)可推知，Goldberger进行实验是为了证明糙皮病不传染。3．WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeGoldberger?A．Devotedanddetermined.B．S

elflessandfriendly.C．Patientandexpert.D．Stubbornandenthusiastic.A解析：推理判断题。文中提到的Goldberger在监狱及在他自己身上做

实验的内容表明他全心全意地投入到对糙皮病的研究中，有奉献精神；尽管一些人不认可Goldberger的观点，但他仍坚持自己的看法并坚决地去证明自己的观点是正确的，这体现出他意志坚定。故选A。B(2018·湖北省武汉市调研测试)ElonMuskwasborninSouthAfrica,in1

971.Acrazyfanofcomputers,bytheageoftwelve,Muskhadwrittenthecode(代码)forhisownvideogame,whichhesoldforaprofit.HeattendedQueen’sUniversityinCanada,an

dtransferred(转到)totheUniversityofPennsylvania,whereheearnedtwobachelor’sdegrees,economicsandphysics.HewasadmittedtoStanfo

rdUniversityinCalifornia,intendingtoearnaPhDinenergyphysics.FirstCompany—Zip2CorporationIn1995,attheageof24,MuskdroppedoutofStanford

UniversityafterjusttwodaysofclassestostarthisfirstcompanyZip2Corporation.Itwasanonlinecityguidethatprovide

dcontentforthenewonlineversionsofTheNewYorkTimesandtheChicagoTribunenewspapers.In1999,Muskgot$22millionfr

omthesaleofZip2.OnlineBankingIn1999,ElonMuskstartedX．comwith$10milliondollarsfromthesaleofZip2.X.comwasanonlinebank,andhewascreditedwithinventingamet

hodofsecurelytransferringmoneyusingareceiver’se­mailaddress.PayPalIn2000,X.comboughtacompanycalledConfinity,whichhadstartedanInte

rnetmoney­transferprocesscalledPayPal.ElonMuskdroppedtheonlinebankingfocustoconcentrateonbecomingaglobalpaymenttransferpro

vider.In2002,eBayboughtPayPalfor$1.5billion.SpaceExplorationTechnologiesIn2002,ElonMuskstartedSpaceX.Heisalong­standingmemb

eroftheMarsSociety,anon­profitorganizationthatsupportstheexplorationofMars,andMuskisinterestedinbuildingagreenhouseonMa

rs.SpaceXhasbeendevelopingrockettechnologiestoenableMusk’sproject.TeslaMotorsIn2004,ElonMuskcofoundedTeslaMotors,ofwhichhei

stheonlyproductarchitect.TeslaMotorsbuildselectricvehicles.Thecompanyhasbuiltanelectricsportscar,theTeslaRoad

ster.SolarCityIn2006,ElonMuskcofoundedSolarCity,aphotovoltaic(光电的)productsandservicescompanywithhiscousinLyndonRive.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了埃隆

·马斯克的人生经历和伟大成就。4．WhatwasElonMuskgiftedinwhenhewasyoung?A．Economics.B．Physics.C．Energy.D．Coding.D解析：细节理解题。

根据第一段的第二句可知，Musk是一位疯狂的电脑迷，十二岁时他就为自己的视频游戏写代码并获利了；据此可知，他小时候就有写代码的天赋，故D项正确。5．Whichofthefollowingprovidesinternationalpaymenttra

nsferservice?A．X.com.B．Confinity.C．PayPal.D．eBay.C解析：细节理解题。根据PayPal部分，尤其是该部分的第二句可知，PayPal提供国际转账支付服务，故C项正

确。6．WhathasSpaceXbeendoingtohelpachieveMusk’sproject?A．SponsoringtheMarsSociety.B．Developingrockettechnologies.C．BuildingagreenhouseonMars.D．Sup

portingtheexplorationofMars.B解析：细节理解题。根据SpaceExplorationTechnologies部分的“SpaceXhasbeendevelopingrockettechnologiestoenableMusk’sproject.”可知，SpaceX一直

在研究开发火箭技术，帮助Musk实现他的项目(目标)，故B项正确。7．WhatisTeslaMotorsnotedfor?A．Itselectricvehicles.B．Itsphotovoltaicproducts.

C．Itsserviceasacitytouristguide.D．Itsbusinesswithothercompanies.A解析：细节理解题。根据TeslaMotors部分，尤其是该部分的第二句可知，TeslaMotors是生产电动汽车的公司，故A项正确。C(2018

·东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟)OpheliaandtheMarvelousBoybyKarenFoxleeType：FantasyStoryline：WhenOpheliamovestoastrangecityw

hereitneverstopssnowing,shediscoversaboylockedawayfor75yearsinamuseum.ShemusthelptheboybeforetheSnowQueenfreezestheworld.Alongtheway

,Ophelialearnshowtobelieveinthingsshecannotsee.Targetedreaders：Peoplewholikefairytaleswouldenjoythisboo

k.AHundredHorsesbySarahLeanType:MysteryStoryline：ThewoodenhorseNellbringsalongduringhervisitstoherauntandcousinsisstolenbyagirlna

medAngel.AsNellfindsoutAngel’strueidentity,abondgrowsbetweenthemandagroupof99horses.Wordhasitthatthe10

0thhorseismagical.Butwhereisit?Nelldoesn’tknow,butAngelmightknow.Targetedreaders：Kidswholikeanimalsandnatu

rewillbesuretofindthisbookexciting.HowtoCatchaBoglebyCatherineJinksType:FantasyStoryline：Birdieisanorphanwhoisgooda

ttrappingmonsterswithhersingingvoice.Sheistheonlygoblin(小妖精)hunterintheworld.Whenkidsgomissing,it’suptohertofigureoutwhy.Targe

tedreaders：Anyonewhoislookingformonsterswilltakegreatpleasureinthisbook.IEvenFunnier:AMiddleSchoolStorybyJamesPattersonandChrisGrabensteinT

ype:FictionStoryline：AfteracaraccidentJamieloseshisfamily,andthenhemovesinwithhisaunt,uncleandhiscousinStevie,whosebasi

caimistotrickJamie.ButJamiekeepshavingapositiveattitudeandrunningafterhisgoals.HewasrecentlyhonoredtheFunniestKidCom

icofNewYorkState.Targetedreaders：Thisbookwouldbegreatforanyonewhoisfondofhumorousbooks.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本书籍，提供了每本书的名称、作者、

种类、故事情节和目标读者。8．Whichwritertellsastoryaboutagirlsavingaboy?A．KarenFoxlee.B．SarahLean.C．CatherineJinks.D．JamesPattersonandChrisGrabenstein.A

解析：细节理解题。根据文章对第一本书的简介，尤其是第二句“ShemusthelptheboybeforetheSnowQueenfreezestheworld.”可知，在冰雪女王冰冻世界之前Ophelia必须帮助那个男孩逃离，故选A。9．Nature

loversmaytakeinterestin________．A．OpheliaandtheMarvelousBoyB．AHundredHorsesC．HowtoCatchaBogleD．IEvenFunnier:AMiddleSchoolStoryB解析：

细节理解题。根据第二本书对目标读者的描述“Kidswholikeanimalsandnaturewillbesuretofindthisbookexciting.”可知，喜欢动物和自然的孩子一定会发现这本书令人兴奋

，故第二本书AHundredHorses符合要求，即B项正确。10．Whowentthroughlifechallengeswithoutlosingheart?A．Ophelia.B．Nell.C．Stevie.D．Jamie.D解析：细节理解题。根据

文章对第四本书的简介中的“ButJamiekeepshavingapositiveattitudeandrunningafterhisgoals.”可知，Jamie在失去父母寄居在亲戚家时依旧保持积极的态度，追求自己的梦想，故选D项。11．Inwhichsectionofan

ewspapercanwefindsuchapassage?A．Fashion.B．Literature.C．Business.D．Localnews.B解析：文章出处题。根据文章是对四本书的介绍可知，这篇文章可能来自报纸的文学版块，即B项正确。D(2018

·广东佛山检测)Exposedsoilisn’tpartofnature’smasterplan.Goodexampleswheresoilisnaturallyfoundwithnoplantsgrowinginarebeneat

hfreshlyremovedtrees,orwherethegroundhasbeenburntbyalandfire.Inthesesituationsbaresoilisn’tbareforlong;withindaysseedlings(芽)begintoappeara

ndcovertheground.Inafewmonths’time,thescarishardlynoticeable.Unlikethesenaturalexamples,ploughed(耕犁)fiel

dsandfreshlyduggardensareobviousexamplescreatedbyman.But,lefttonature,eventhesebaresoilssoonturngreenwithalargenumberoftinyseedlings.Infields,garde

nsandongrasslands,roadsideandsportsfields,alongstreetsandonpathsandpavements,weareconstantlybattlingtostopweedsfromgrowing.Allwearedoingisstopthereco

veringpowersofnature.Wheneversoilisexposed,weedsactlikeakindofmedicinetoreducethepotentiallyharmfulra

ysofthesun,sothesoonerplantgrowthcoversthesoiloveragain,thebetter.Weedsalsohelptoimprovethefertility(肥沃)ofthesoil.Theirrootsgetthesoiltoget

her,improvingitsstructureandcreatingamorestableenvironmentinwhichsoillifecangrowfast.Thoseweedswithadeeprootdrawupplantnutrientsfr

omdeeperintheground,makingthemavailabletoplantsgrowingnearthesoilsurface.Aboveground,thestems(茎)ofweedshelptrapfallenleaveswhichbreakdo

wnintothesoil,addingtothefertilityofthesoil.Asthesoilbecomesmorefertile,differentkindsofplantsstarttoreplacethe“pi

oneering”weeds.Bushesmoveintotaketheplacebygraduallyshadingthemout,followedinturnbytrees,whicheventuallypushupthrought

hebushes,finallyshadingthemouttoo.Fallenleavesfromthebushesandtreescarryonthejobofbuildingsoilfertilitythatwa

sbegunbythoseveryfirstweedsthatgrewonthebaresoil.Then,whenoneofthesematuretreesisremovedinastorm，leavingawoundofbare

soilintheearth,thewholeprocessstartsagain.【解题导语】人们到处阻止杂草等植物的生长，然而，它们却有助于增加土壤的肥沃度。所以，土壤和植物之间是相互促进的关系。12．Whenwillsoilbeleftbar

e?A．Alandfirehasjusthappened.B．Ayoungtreeisplantedin.C．Nooneploughstheland.D．Nocropsareplantedin.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Exp

osedsoilisn’tpartofnature’smasterplan.Goodexamples...wherethegroundhasbeenburntbyalandfire.可知，刚被火烧过的土地被称作裸土。故选A项。13．Whichofthefollo

wingpreventsthebaresoilfromrecovering?A．Seedlingsappearingingardens.B．Reducingharmfulraysofthesun.C．Re

movingweedsfrompavements.D．Replacingplantsinsportsfields.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，人们除掉路边杂草的行为就是在阻止裸土的恢复。故选C项。14．Whatcanweedsdo

forthesoil?A．Theycreatesoillife.B．Theyhelpimprovethesoil.C．Theygetnutrientsfromthesun.D．Theybreakdownfallenleaves.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的Weedsalsoh

elptoimprovethefertility(肥沃)ofthesoil.可知，杂草有助于提高土壤的肥沃度。15．Howcanthesoilremainfertileaftertreesmovein?A．Byaddingmoreweed

stothesoil.B．Bytakingouttheweedsconstantly.C．Byremovingthepreviousbushes.D．Bymakinguseofthefallenleaves.D

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Fallenleavesfromthebushesandtreescarryonthejobofbuildingsoilfertilitythatwasbegunbythosever

yfirstweedsthatgrewonthebaresoil.可判断D项正确。Ⅱ七选五(2018·长沙模拟)Withtoday’sstressfullifestyles,it’simportanttohavetimethatyouspe

nddoingsomethingjustforthefunofit.Whiletherearemanygreathobbiestochoosefrom,thehobbieshereareparticularlyusefulinrelievings

tress.1．________Whetheryousimplylearntotakebetterpicturesofyourfriendsandfamily,orexploretheworldofcreatingtrueart,photographycanbeagre

athobby.Asyoupracticeseeingtheworldthroughtheeyesofaphotographer,youmaybegintoseethingsdifferently.GardeningGardeningcanbeagreatstressrelieve

rformanyreasons.2.________.Inaddition,itcanalsocreatemorebeautifulsurroundingstocomehomeforeachday,andmore.KnittingAsidefromhelpin

gyoucreatebeautifulgiftsforyourselfandothers,knittingprovidesyouwithanopportunitytorelievestress.Therepetitive

motioncangetyouintoanexperienceof“flow”，orcanatleastprovideanoutletfornervousenergy.3.________．DrawingYoucangetintouchwithyourartisticsi

deandusedrawingasawaytoprocessemotions.4.________.Theendresultwillbesomethingbeautifulandpersonalthatyoucan

enjoyorshare.Playingthepiano5．________.Whilelisteningtomusiccanprobablybeconsideredahobby,creatingmusiccanbeanevenmorepowerfulstressrelievinghobby.

Learningtoplayaninstrumentsuchasthepianocanbeastressrelieverforyouaswellasforthosearoundyou.A．Laughingmore,stressinglessB．Exp

loringphotographyC．ItcangetyouintothesunshineandfreshairD．MusichasmanyhealthandstressreliefbenefitsE

．ThesesuggestionscanhelpyoureducetensioninyourbodynowF．GraduallyknittingmaybemakingyoubetteratyourdayjobG．Besides,i

tcandistractyou,andachieveotherstressmanagementbenefits【解题导语】本文主要介绍了几种可以缓解压力的爱好。1．B解析：根据本段中的“photographycanbeagreathobby”可知，本段推荐的兴趣是摄影，所以

选B项。2．C解析：根据本段标题Gardening及空后一句可推知，做园艺工作可以享受阳光，呼吸新鲜空气，故选C项。3．F解析：承接上文的“Therepetitivemotioncangetyouintoanexperienceof‘flow’，orcanatleastprovideanout

letfornervousenergy.”并结合本段标题Knitting可推知，编织会让人们工作得更好，所以选F项。4．G解析：根据下文的“Theendresultwillbesomethingbeautifulandperson

althatyoucanenjoyorshare.”可推知，画画可以转移注意力，调节压力，所以选G项。5．D解析：根据下文的“Whilelisteningtomusiccanprobablybeconsideredahobby,creatingmusiccanbean

evenmorepowerfulstressrelievinghobby.”可知，音乐有利于健康，并有助于缓解压力，所以选D项。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·长春普通高中高三质量监测)Honestyisalwa

ysthebestpolicy，especiallywhenitcomestomentalhealthproblems.InaTV__1__，onegirlgetsveryrealaboutdeali

ngwithanxietyandpanic.“Iwasthebeststudentinmyhighschool.Iputsomuch__2__onmyself，”shesaid.“Inever__3__aclass.ButIgotsic

kduring10thgradeandIstartedto__4__.Thatwaswhenthepanicattacksbegan.”Shegoesontodescribewhatapanicattack__5__like，“Onedaythete

acherhandedmemygrade__6__，andIcouldn’tbreathe.Myheartwasbeatingvery__7__.Ifeltdisconnected.Isawpeopletryin

gtotalktomebutIcouldn’thearthem.Afterwards，Iwassentto__8__，”sheshared.Itwasthen__9__theattacksstartedhappening__10__daily，andtheyh

aven’tstopped.“LastyearIstartedcollege.AndIcan’tbethebeststudentherenomatterhowhardItry，”shesaid.“Everyoneis

so__11__.MypanicattacksgotsobadthatIhadto__12__myfirstsemester.”However，nowsheisfacingheranxiety，andthingsareg

ettingbetter.“Iusedtotrytohide__13__.Ithoughtthat__14__nobodyknew，itwouldnotexist，”shesaid.“ButthemoreItalkaboutmy

__15__，themoreIrealizethatotherpeopleexperience__16__things.SoI’mtryingtoexpressitmore.Ihadagreatteacher__17__toldme，‘Insteadoflettingan

xietykeepyoufromdoingyourart，letitbethethingthat__18__yourart.’”Recently，womenallovertheworldtooktoTwitterto__19__what

anxietyislike.Weare__20__alone.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个女孩分享了她曾经的焦虑经历，后来，她勇敢面对焦虑，情况得以好转。作者借这个事例说明直面困难、坦陈问题往往是解决心理健康问题的良策。1．A.proj

ectB．programC．platformD．stationB解析：根据“InaTV______，onegirlgetsveryrealaboutdealingwithanxietyandpanic.”可知，在一个电视节目(program)中，一个

女孩坦诚地分享了她克服焦虑和惊恐的经历，故B项正确。A项意为“项目”，C项意为“平台”，D项意为“站”，都与语境不符。2．A.weightB．heightC．pressureD．measureC解析：根据前一句“Iwasthebeststudentinmyhig

hschool.”再结合该句“Iputsomuch______onmyself”可知，该句是说，在学校里这个女孩是一位优等生，她自己给自己施加了很多压力。C项意为“压力”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“体

重”，B项意为“身高”，D项意为“度量单位”，都与语境不符。3．A.joinedB．succeededC．failedD．attendedC解析：根据上文，再结合该句“Inever______aclass.”可知，这个女孩从没有考试不及格过；C项意为“不及格”，符合语

境，故C项正确。A项意为“加入”；B项意为“成功”；D项意为“参加”。4．A.fallbehindB．falldownC．leavebehindD．leavealoneA解析：根据上下文可知，在十年级时这个女孩生病了，

成绩开始落后；A项意为“落后”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“跌倒；失败”；C项意为“留下，遗留”；D项意为“不打扰”。5．A.looksB．soundsC．tastesD．feelsD解析：根据空处前后句可知，这个女孩是在描述焦虑症发作时的感觉。

feellike为固定搭配，意为“感觉像是„„”，符合语境，故D项正确。6．A.reportB．surveyC．researchD．noticeA解析：根据该句中“Onedaytheteacherhande

dmemygrade______，andIcouldn’tbreathe.”可知，老师将成绩单交给了这个女孩；表示“成绩单”用“gradereport”，故A项正确。7．A.mildlyB．wildlyC．slowlyD．severel

yB解析：根据后一句“Ifeltdisconnected.”可以判断，这个女孩看到了她的成绩单后感觉无法呼吸，心脏疯狂地(wildly)跳动，故B项正确。A项意为“温和地”；C项意为“缓慢地”；D项意为“严格地”。8．A.schoolB．workC．hospitalD

．homeC解析：参见上题解析并结合该句“Afterwards，Iwassentto______”可以判断，最后，这个女孩被送往医院。故C项正确。9．A.whenB．sinceC．beforeD．thatD解析：根据该句“Itw

asthen______theattacksstartedhappening______daily，andtheyhaven’tstopped.”可知，该句使用了强调句型，被强调的部分是then，故用that引导句中的其他部分，故D项正确。10．A.stillB．always

C．merelyD．almostD解析：根据空处所在句可知，从那时起焦虑几乎每天发生，没有停止过。D项意为“几乎”，符合语境，故D项正确。11．A.ambitiousB．anxiousC．talentedD．exper

iencedC解析：根据空处前一句可知，在大学里，无论这个女孩怎么努力都无法成为最好的学生；结合该句“Everyoneisso______．”可知，每个人都有天赋；C项意为“有天赋的”，符合语境，故C项正确。12．A.arr

angeB．performC．operateD．cancelD解析：根据该句“MypanicattacksgotsobadthatIhadto______myfirstsemester.”可知，这个女孩的焦虑症变得如此严重，她不得不休学。D项意为“取消”，符合语境，故D项正确。1

3．A.itB．themC．meD．usA解析：根据空处前后句可知，空处指代前一句的“anxiety”，后一句中的“itwouldnotexist”也是提示。故此处用it。14．A.unlessB．ifC．whileD．asB解析：根据语境可知，

空处引导条件状语从句，故此处用if。15．A.confidenceB．dreamC．issueD．desireC解析：根据上下文可知，空处是指这个女孩的焦虑问题。C项意为“问题”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项

意为“信心”；B项意为“梦想”；D项意为“渴望”。16．A.similarB．familiarC．variousD．seriousA解析：根据上下文可知，此处是指这个女孩对她的问题谈得越多，她就越意识到

其他人也经历过相似的事情。文章的最后一段也是提示。故A项正确。17．A.whoB．whomC．whoseD．whichA解析：分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为“agreatteacher”，在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句。18．A.abando

nsB．quitsC．motivatesD．protestsC解析：根据语境可知，空处应用与“keepyoufromdoingyourart”意义相反的一个动词。C项意为“激励”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“停止”；D项意为“反对”。19．A.advertiseB．advis

eC．shareD．compareC解析：根据该句“Recently，womenallovertheworldtooktoTwitterto______whatanxietyislike.”可知，最近，世界各地的女性都在推特上分

享了焦虑的经历。C项意为“分享”，符合语境，故C项正确。20．A.alwaysB．sometimesC．seldomD．neverD解析：参见上题解析，再结合该句“Weare______alone.”可知，焦虑者不是孤独的，故用否定词never。Ⅱ语法填空

(2018·烟台诊断)TheIMABloodBank1.____________(set)upin1995withagoalthatnoneedypatientshouldeverdieduetolack2

.____________bloodinDehradunanditssurroundingareas.Deeply3.____________(move)bythepainandsufferingofachildwhowasbeingtakentoDe

lhiwithableedinglegwrappedinplasticbags,4.____________(simple)becausetherewasnobloodbankinDehradun,Dr.Dipakstartedamovementtocreateabloodbankbyen

gaging(联合)withthelocalcommunity.5.____________beganasasmallactivityhastakentheshapeofaninspiringinstitutionofinternationalstandards

.Duetothehugevoluntarysupportfromthelocalpeople,thebloodbankhasenoughbloodtofunctionround6.____________clocktose

rvethelocalpatients.7．____________(help)morepeopleinIndia,theIMABloodBankhasalsodevelopedateamtoeducatethepublicaboutblooddonation.Theyaretr

yingtomakepeopleunderstandthatdonatingbloodisoneofthehighest8.____________(form)ofcharity.Itcanbedonatedbyalmostanyadultwhois9.__

__________(health)．Itissafetodonateeverythreetosixmonthsbecausebloodisrecoveredveryquicklyinthebody.Meanwhile,themediaplaysamajorrolein10.__________

__(create)ahigherlevelofawarenessaboutblooddonation.Thiswillencouragemoreandmorepeopletodonatebloodvoluntarily.【解题导语

】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了IMA血库建立的目的以及运转情况。1．wasset解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，动词set与主语“TheIMABloodBank”之间是被动关系；又因为时间状语是“i

n1995”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故用wasset。2．of解析：考查介词。此处是介词用于固定短语中，lackofsth.意为“缺少，缺乏”。故用of。3．moved解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句型结构分析可知，动词move与句子的主语“Dr.Dipak”之间是被动关系，即Dr.

Dipak被深深地感动了，所以用过去分词作状语，表示被动。故用moved。4．simply解析：考查词性转换。simple是形容词，意为“简单的”；simply是副词，意为“简单地，仅仅”。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰原因状语从句，意为“仅仅因为„„”。

故用simply。5．What解析：考查名词性从句。根据句型结构分析可知，“________beganasasmallactivity”是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用what；又因为是句首，所以要注意首字母大写

。故用What。6．the解析：考查冠词。此处是定冠词用于固定短语中，roundtheclock意为“日夜不停地”。故用the。7．Tohelp解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式置于句首，表示目的。故用Tohelp。注意首字母大写。8．f

orms解析：考查名词复数。form是可数名词，意为“形式”。因为form前有“oneof”修饰，所以要用复数形式。故用forms。9．healthy解析：考查词性转换。health是名词，意为“健康”；healthy是形容词，意为“健康的”。be动词后接形容词作表

语。故用healthy。10．creating解析：考查非谓语动词。create在此处作介词“in”后面的宾语，所以要用动名词的形式。故用creating。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分4

5分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018·惠州高三第一次调研考试)RecentmonthshaveseenareturnofbikesacrossChina.With

anincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadof61.____________(drive)toschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theint

roductionofbike­sharingprogramshasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Thebikes62.____________(equip)withGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpubli

cforthenextuser.They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovide63.____________effectivesolutioninplace

s64.____________it’sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother.Bike-sharingisa65.____________(green)methodoftran

sportationand66.__________________(provide)amorefriendlyexperience.However,theprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchas67.

____________(legal)parking,deliberate(蓄意的)damageandtheft.Todealwiththeseproblems,thecompanycameupwitht

heideaofencouragingpeople68.____________(return)thebikestostations69.____________rewardingfreetimefortheirnextrides.Now,Chineseserviceoperat

orsarealsotryingtoaddresstheseproblems,too.Forexample,Mobikesetsa100­pointcreditscoreforeachuser,with70.____________(point)takeninthecaseofbadbehavio

r.Onceascoredropsbelow80,thebikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.5－1yuan.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了共享单车在国内的兴起和发展情况。共享单车受到了大众的欢迎，但是也带来了很

多问题。为了解决这些问题，经营共享单车的公司也采取了一些措施。61．driving解析：考查非谓语动词。越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车到学校、工作场所或去观光。根据空前的介词of可知，空处应用动词-i

ng形式，故用driving。62．areequipped解析：考查时态和语态。这些自行车装配了GPS，可以被停在公共场合的任何地方留给下一个用户。此处是客观性描述，且Thebikes和equip之间是被动关系，故填areequipped。63．

an解析：考查冠词。该处指“一种有效的解决方法”，表示泛指；effective的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。64．where解析：考查定语从句。它们受到许多中国人的欢迎，因为它们在难以从一种交通工具转变到另一种交通工具的地方提供了一种有效的

解决办法。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中places为先行词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。65．greener解析：考查形容词的比较级。共享单车是一种更绿色的交通方式。根据本句中的“morefriendly”可知

，本空应用比较级形式与之构成并列关系。故填greener。66．provides解析：考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语是Bike-sharing，且由本句中的“is”可知，空处应用动词provide的单数形式，故填provides

。67．illegal解析：考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处指非法停车。故填illegal，意为“非法的”。68．toreturn解析：考查非谓语动词。encouragesb.todosth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事

”。故填toreturn。69．by解析：考查介词。为了解决这些问题，公司提出了一种想法，通过奖励人们下一次免费骑车的时间，鼓励他们将自行车送回车站。根据语境可知，空处应用by表示方式。70．points解析：考查名词复数。摩拜公司为每个用户设置了100分的信

用评分，如有不良行为就减分。point在此处为可数名词，且其前没有限定词修饰，故填points。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处

。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不

计分。(2018·济南模拟)StudyingintheUKhavebeenagoodexperienceforme.WhenIfirstarrived,IfindlifeveryhardasIdidn’tknowany

bodyhere，butIsoongottoknowotherChinesestudentattheuniversity.LaterIbecameinterestingincommunicatingwit

hpeoplefromvariouscultures，andImadefewerfriends.Duringmystudy，Ichosetoliveinwithmyclassmatesinthedormitory.Ithinkit’sbetterthanlivinginBr

itishfamilybecauseIcanmeetpeoplefromdifferentcountrieseasy.Thecourseshereareexcellent.Ienjoythewaytheteachersgivelessons.Weareencouragedt

othinkforyourselves，whichisquitedifferentfromthatIhaveexperiencedbefore.答案：StudyingintheUKhavehasbeenagoodexperiencef

orme.WhenIfirstarrived，IfindfoundlifeveryhardasIdidn’tknowanybodyhere，butIsoongottoknowotherChinesestud

entstudentsattheuniversity.LaterIbecameinterestinginterestedincommunicatingwithpeoplefromvariouscultures，andImadefewermorefriends.Duringmystud

y，Ichosetolivein＼withmyclassmatesinthedormitory.Ithinkit’sbetterthanlivingin∧aBritishfamilybecauseIcanmeetp

eoplefromdifferentcountrieseasyeasily.Thecourseshereareexcellent.Ienjoythewaytheteachersgivelessons.Weareencouragedtothinkforyo

urselvesourselves，whichisquitedifferentfromthatwhatIhaveexperiencedbefore.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·日照模拟)假如你是在英国学习的交换生李华，住在同学Peter家里。你上周网购的联想(Len

ovo)笔记本电脑将于本周日到货，但你因陪同父母到伦敦旅游不能按时返回取货，请你给Peter写一封电子邮件，让他帮忙代收并验货。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：DearPeter，IthinkIneedyourhelp.

LastFridayIplacedanorderforalaptoponline,anditisestimatedtoarrivetoyouraddressthisSunday.ButyouknowI’moutwith

myparents,andwearegoingforatriptoLondonthisweekend.SoI’mwritingtoletyouknowthatit’snotconvenientformetogoba

cktoreceivethelaptopathome.Canyoudomethefavor,please?It’saLenovolaptopmadeinChina.Pleasegiveitacarefulcheckupandmakesurethepackage

iswellpreservedandthemachineoperateswell.Don’thesitatetocontactmeifyoufindanydamage.Thankyouverymuch.Yours，LiHua