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2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（8）AYouuseherasashouldertocryon.Shetextsyoubackwithcasualjokes.Butshe,Xiaoice,isonlyavirtu

alchatbot（虚拟聊天机器人）.Xiaoice,Microsoft’slatestartificialintelligencerobot,wasbrieflyreleasedin2014,andreturnedtoWeChatin2015,wheresheb

ecameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemessageswithherdaily,TheNewYorkTimesreported.OnWeChat,X

iaoiceisanofficialaccount.Afterfollowingit,userscanstarttext-basedconversationswithXiaoice.＂Herincrediblelearnin

gabilitywaswhypeoplelovedtotalkwithXiaoice,＂LiuJinchang,aresearcheratHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentCenterundertheMinistryofS

cienceandTechnology,toldChinaDaily.Apartfromherabilitytoidentifyphotosandsendemojis（表情符号）inconversations,Xi

aoicegains45percentofherknowledgefrominteractingwithusers,ChinaDailyreported.Chatbotprogramsfirstappearedinthemi

d-1960sintheUS.Drivenbytoptechcompanies,theyarebecomingsmarterandmorecommon.Forinstance,IBM’slatestartificialintelligencepro

gramservedasanacademicconsultantatAustralia’sDeakinUniversity,answeringstudents’questionsaboutcourseschedulesandfinancialai

d.Apple’sSiriandAmazon’sAlexahavebeenusedasvoiceassistantswhocanreadnews,playmusicandevenmakejokesfortheirusers.Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyond

smartphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,TheNewYorkTimespointedout.However,itmaytakedecadesbeforescientistsdevelopa＂Samantha＂,theadvancedchatb

otseeninthefictionfilmHer.Inthefilm,SamanthahasaromanticrelationshipwithheruserplayedbyUSactorJoaquinPhoenix.Manyviewerswereenthusiasticabo

utthisfantasyofvirtualsoulmates.1.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?A.Shebecameabestseller.B.Shebecameverypowerful.

C.Shebecameamoneymaker.D.Shebecameverypopular.2.WhichofthefollowingcanXiaoicedo?A.Dohousework.B.Spreadmessages.C.Identifyvariousphotos

.D.Readnewstoitsusers.3.Whichcompany’schatbotprogramcanactasanacademicconsultant?A.Microsoft.B.IBM.C.Apple.D.Amazon.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelast

paragraph?A.Chatbotswillbeappliedtocarssoon.B.Chatbotsmainlyrunonsmartphonesnow.C.SamanthaisplayedbyaUSa

ctorinthefilm.D.ThefilmHerdoesn’tinterestmanyaudience.【文章大意】本文讲述的是人工智能程序的发展情况。列举了微信上的聊天程序大受欢迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成为顾问，但是目前这种程序主要应用在智能手机上，人们期待它将来可以在手机以外的

地方使用。1.D【解析】推理判断题。根据shebecameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemessageswithherdaily可知，她在微信上大受欢迎，很多中国人都喜欢与她聊天，故选D。3.B【解析】细

节理解题。根据第四段中IBM’slatestartificialintelligenceprogramservedasanacademicconsultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序可以作为学术顾问，故选B。4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中

Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyondsmartphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,可知，人们期待这些程序除了智能手机之外，也能

应用在电视、汽车、起居室等地，所以目前是主要应用在智能手机上，故选B。B(2016·东北三省四市第一次联考)ManyforeignstudentsreportfeelinglonelyorunwelcomeinAustralia.Thosefeelin

gsareamongthereasonswhyAustraliaistakingacloselookatitsinternationaleducationindustry.Butwhereverinternationalstudentsgo，makingfriendsmaynot

alwaysbeeasy.ElisabethGareisofBaruchCollegeinNewYorksurveyed454internationalstudents.Theywereattendingfour­yearcollege

sandgraduateschoolsintheAmericanSouthandNortheast.StudentsfromEnglish­speakingcountriesandfromnorthernandcentralEuropeweremorelike

lytobehappywiththeirfriendships.But38%oftheinternationalstudentssaidtheyhadnoclosefriendsintheUnitedStates.Andha

lfofthestudentsfromEastAsiasaidtheywereunhappywiththenumberofAmericanfriendstheyhad.Thirtypercentsaidthe

ywishedtheirfriendshipscouldbedeeperandmoremeaningful.ProfessorGareissays，“StudentsfromEastAsiahaveculturesthatared

ifferentonmanylevelsfromthecultureintheUnitedStates.Therearealsolanguageproblems，andmaybesomesocialskills，suchassmalltalks，whicharepossiblynotasi

mportantintheirnativecountries，whereit’snotasimportanttostartfriendshipswithsmalltalks.ManyEastAsianstudentsblamedthemselvesforth

eirlimitedfriendshipswithAmericans，fornotspeakingthelanguagewellenoughandfornotknowingtheculturewellenough.”VOA’sStudentsUnionbloggerJessicaS

tahldidherownsurveytofindouthowAmericanstudentsandforeignstudentsrelatetoeachother.Morethan100students，aboutha

lfofthemAmerican，answeredheronlinequestions.Halfoftheinternationalstudentsand60%oftheAmericanssaidtheyrelatedasw

ellorbettertotheothergroupthantotheirowngroup.ProfessorGareissays，“Internationalstudentswhomakefriendswithhostnati

onalsare，overall，moresatisfiedwiththeirstayinthehostcountry.Theyhavebetterlanguageskills，betteracadem

icperformanceandbetterattitudestowardthehostcountry.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，国际留学生交友并非易事。1．Whatcanbethebesttitleforth

etext?A．MakingFriendsIsNotAlwaysEasyforForeignStudentsB．StudentsfromEastAsiaAreNotGoodatMakingFriendsC．InternationalEducationIndu

stryinAustraliaandAmericaD．TheRelationbetweenForeignStudentsandHostCountries解析：选A。标题概括题。根据第一段的“Butwhereverinternationalstudentsgo，m

akingfriendsmaynotalwaysbeeasy.”可知，本文是围绕着国际留学生不容易交友而进行阐述的。故答案选A。2．ProfessorGareistendstothinkthat________.A．cult

ureshockshouldbeblamedformanylevelsofAmericancultureB．foreignstudentsdon’tknowsmalltalksmeanalottoAmericansC．foreignstudentsshouldlearns

omebasicsocialskillsfirstofallD．foreignstudentshavedifficultymakingfriendsfordifferentreasons解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第

三段内容可知，外国学生难交到朋友是因为文化层次不同、语言以及社交技巧等各方面问题造成的。故答案选D。3.HowdidJessicaStahlcarryouthersurvey?A．BydoingquestionnairesfromStudentsUnion.B．Byaskingquest

ionsontheInternet.C．Byformingthestudentsintogroups.D．BydoingasurveythroughVOA.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Morethan100students，abouthalfofthemAmerica

n，answeredheronlinequestions.”可知，她是通过让学生们在网上回答问题而开展调查的。故答案选B。4．Whichofthefollowingstatementswillthewriterprobablyag

reewith?A．Internationalstudentsliketomakemorefriendsintheirowngroup.B．Internationalstudentsaremorelikelytorem

aininthehostcountryaftergraduation.C．Studentswhomakemorefriendsathomehavebetteracademicperformance.D．Studentswhomakefri

endsintheirhostcountriesfeelhappierwiththeirexperience.解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Internationalstudentswhomakefriendswithhostnationalsare，overa

ll，moresatisfiedwiththeirstayinthehostcountry.”可知，那些与东道国学生交友的国际留学生，对自己在东道国的经历更满意。故答案选D。CD(2015·四川成都九中模拟)ChristmasintheU

nitedStatesistraditionallyatimeofgift­givingandfamilygatherings.Butsmalltownsacrossthecountryhavetheirowntraditions.Middleburg，asmalltowninth

estateofVirginia，isknownforitshorses.Formorethan50years，MiddleburghasorganizedayearlyChristmasparade(游行)．Menandwomenridehorsesthroughthewoodsandfi

elds.Theyfollowhuntingdogsastheysearchforawildfox.Butfirst，thesehuntersrideintheyearlyparade，wearingtheirbrightredhuntingclothesandhats.John

Hale，acitizenofMiddleburgsaysmanycitypeoplevisithistown.“Wehavealotofpeoplefromanurbanareathatcometovis

it，butitincorporatesalotoftheoldtraditions.”Thenighttimehayrideisonesuchtradition.Smallgroupsgatherunderth

emoonlightonanopenwagonfilledwithhay.Thepassengerssingasfarmhorsespullthewagonslowlyacrossthefields.Therearesomenewertraditions，too.TreyMatheuworksa

tthenearbySalamanderResort.HesaysavisittoMiddleburgisachancetoslowdownforaday.HesaysMiddleburgcanbeacalming，peacefulplacewithouttension.“Middl

eburgisanopportunitytotakeastepback，totakeadeepbreath，andtounderstandthateventhoughlifeismovingonataveryfastpace，

there’sreallyanopportunitywhereyou’reallowedtostepoffforalittlebit.”Paradeorganizerssaymorethan13,000peoplea

ttendeveninbelow­freezingweather.Butifyouask，youwillhearmanydifferentreasonswhypeoplecometowatchtheparade：“IcomeherebecauseI’mfro

masmalltown.Ilikehoweverybodycomestogether.”“Iliverightdownthatstreet，rightthere.Andthat’smydog.”Middleburglooksitsbes

tatChristmastime.Thatmaybewhysomanypeoplereturneachyear.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国小镇Middleburg庆祝圣诞节的独特方式。1．Whichofthefollowingc

anbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MiddleburgChristmasparadeB．AsmalltownknownforhorsesC．ChristmastraditionsinMiddleburgD．Newert

raditionsatChristmastime解析：选C。标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是美国小镇Middleburg独特的圣诞节风俗。故答案选C。2．AtChristmas，peopleinMiddleburgusually________

.A．visitfriendsandfamiliesB．feedfarmhorseswithhayC．huntfordogsinthewoodsD．rideintheyearlyparade解析：选D。细节理解题。由第二段第二

、三句“Formorethan50years，MiddleburghasorganizedayearlyChristmasparade(游行)．Menandwomenridehorsesthroughthewoodsandfields.”可知，Middleburg的人们每年都会举行

一次圣诞游行，人们会骑着马从树林和田间穿过。故答案选D。3．AccordingtoTreyMatheu，whydopeoplevisitMiddleburg?A．Torelaxthemselves.B．T

oenjoythefreshair.C．Toescapecompetition.D．Tochallengethemselves.解析：选A。推理判断题。由第四段第三、四句“HesaysavisittoMiddleburgisachancetoslowdo

wnforaday.HesaysMiddleburgcanbeacalming，peacefulplacewithouttension.”可推知，TreyMatheu认为Middleburg是一个宁静、平和

、没有压力的小镇，在这里人们可以放慢生活脚步，轻松一下。故答案选A。4．WhatdoweknowaboutthesmalltownMiddleburg?A．Itmakesalargeprofitfromtourism.B．Itattractsmanypeop

leeachyear.C．Itisagoodplaceforfamilygatherings.D．Itdoesn’trespectChristmastraditions.解析：选B。推理判断题。由第六段第一句“Paradeorganizerssaymoret

han13,000peopleattendeveninbelow­freezingweather.”可推知，每年有很多人都会来Middleburg观看圣诞节游行。故答案选B。EU．S.airlinesareseeingamajorinterruptionbecauseof

hundredsofflightscanceledduetotheashcloudfromtheIcelandicvolcano，butEuropeanflightcompanieswillfacethebiggestlosses.Theairlinebusine

sshasbeentough：Thedeclinedramaticallyslowedtraffic；FebruaryheavysnowforcedU．S.airlinestocancelthousandsofflights；andnowtheashesfromthevolcanostoppeda

lltrafficinandoutofnorthernEuropefordays.“ForU．S.flightcompanies，it'llbearelativelyshort­termhit，”saidMichaelBoyd

，presidentofBoydGroupInternational，anaviation(航空学)consultingfirm.“Wethinkrightnowthey'redownabout$80millionintermsoflostincome，andthey'redowndomestic

allyabout80,000passengersthatwouldhavebeenflyingdomesticallybutaren'tbecausetheycan'tgethere.”Deltaan

nouncedthatvolcano­relatedinterruptiongroundedabout400flightsuntilMondayatacostof$20millioninlostrevenues(收入)．Butbycomparison，theairlinecancele

d7,000flightsandlost$65millioninrevenueduetotherecentsnowstorms.Thedisruptionhascreateduncertaintyforcustomers，

butanalystssayU．S.airlineswon'tfaceasmanycostsasyoumightthink.Theyarenotflyinginextraplanestohandlethepassengersintroublebecausecompanie

ssimplydon'thavethem.“Airlinesrunaveryleanoperationnow，”Mannsaid.“So，sincetherearenospareaircraftorcrews，theairlin

eswillattempttomaximizeloadsoneveryoneoftheiraircraftthatdofly.Butitmaytakedays，orinsomecasesaweekorso，togetsomeofthesecustomerstowheretheywanttog

o.”Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意______________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最佳答案1．Whichnegativeconsequencesmen

tionedinthepassagedidthedisasterscause?A．coldness，pollutionandairlines'lossesB．airportdamage，pollutionandslowtrafficC．passengerdelay，coldnessandairp

ortdamageD．passengerdelay，airlines'lossesandslowtraffic2．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thef

ewestairplaneswillflythetrappedpassengerstotheirdestinations.B．Allthecustomersaresuretobesenttotheirdestinationsintime.C．Th

eU．S.andU．K.airlinessufferedthesamelossesinthenaturaldisasters.D．ThevolcanoeruptionreducedthetraffictoandfromnorthernEurop

e.3．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．thetroublesthattheairlineswillfaceaftertheashclouddisappears.B．themea

suresthattheairlineswilltaketomaximizetheirprofit.C．thepresentsituationoftheairlinesandtheirplantodeliverthepassengers.D．thereasonswh

ytheairlinesrunafineoperation.4．Whywillittakealongtimeforairlinestosendthepassengerstotheirdifferentdestin

ations?A．Becausethepassengersenjoystayinginairportstotalkwithoneanother.B．Becausetheairlinesdon'thavespa

replanesoremployeestoserve.C．Becausetheairlinesdon'thaveenoughfinancialsupportafterthedisaster.D．Becau

sethepassengersareaskingforfullrefundfromtheairlines.5．Thepassageismostprobablyfrom________.A．anovelB．anewsreportC．amagazineD．athesis参考答案ⅠThet

exttellsusabouttheseriouseffectoftheashcloudfromtheIcelandicvolcanoonairlinebusinessandhowflightcomp

anieswillhandletheproblemscausedbythedisaster.(31words)Ⅱ1．解析：文中没有提到污染、机场损毁等问题，只讲了航班延误、乘客滞留、运营缓慢、航空公司受损，所以D为正确答案

。答案：D2.解析：从最后一段的Theyarenotflyinginextraplanestohandlethepassengersintrouble和theairlineswillattempttomaximiz

eloadsoneveryoneoftheiraircraftthatdofly,可知A为正确答案。答案：A。3.解析：最后一段告诉我们每个飞行的航班会最大限度的搭载乘客，所以选C。答案：C。4.解析：从Theyarenotflyinginextraplanestohandlethepasse

ngersintroublebecausecompaniessimplydon'thavethem可以推知答案。答案：B。5.解析：全文讲述冰岛火山灰对航空业的影响，应该选自新闻报道。答案：B。