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2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（8）AYouuseherasashouldertocryon.Shetextsyoubackwithcasualjokes.Butshe,Xiaoice,isonlyavirtualchatbot（虚拟聊天机器人）.Xia

oice,Microsoft’slatestartificialintelligencerobot,wasbrieflyreleasedin2014,andreturnedtoWeChatin2015,whereshebec

ameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemessageswithherdaily,TheNewYorkTimesreported.OnWeChat,Xiaoiceisanofficialaccount.Afterfollowin

git,userscanstarttext-basedconversationswithXiaoice.＂HerincrediblelearningabilitywaswhypeoplelovedtotalkwithXiaoice,＂LiuJinchang,aresear

cheratHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentCenterundertheMinistryofScienceandTechnology,toldChinaDaily.Apartfromherabilitytoident

ifyphotosandsendemojis（表情符号）inconversations,Xiaoicegains45percentofherknowledgefrominteractingwithusers

,ChinaDailyreported.Chatbotprogramsfirstappearedinthemid-1960sintheUS.Drivenbytoptechcompanies,theyarebecomingsmarterandmorecommon.Fo

rinstance,IBM’slatestartificialintelligenceprogramservedasanacademicconsultantatAustralia’sDeakinUniversity,answeringstudents’questionsab

outcourseschedulesandfinancialaid.Apple’sSiriandAmazon’sAlexahavebeenusedasvoiceassistantswhocanreadnews,playmusicandevenmakejokesfortheiru

sers.Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyondsmartphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,TheNewYorkTimespointedout.However,itmaytakede

cadesbeforescientistsdevelopa＂Samantha＂,theadvancedchatbotseeninthefictionfilmHer.Inthefilm,Samanthahasaromanticrelationshi

pwithheruserplayedbyUSactorJoaquinPhoenix.Manyviewerswereenthusiasticaboutthisfantasyofvirtualsoulmates.1.Whatdoestheunderl

inedpartinParagraph2mean?A.Shebecameabestseller.B.Shebecameverypowerful.C.Shebecameamoneymaker.D.Shebecameverypopular.2.Whichofthef

ollowingcanXiaoicedo?A.Dohousework.B.Spreadmessages.C.Identifyvariousphotos.D.Readnewstoitsusers.3.Whichcompany’schatbotpr

ogramcanactasanacademicconsultant?A.Microsoft.B.IBM.C.Apple.D.Amazon.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.C

hatbotswillbeappliedtocarssoon.B.Chatbotsmainlyrunonsmartphonesnow.C.SamanthaisplayedbyaUSactorinthefilm.D.ThefilmHerdoesn

’tinterestmanyaudience.【文章大意】本文讲述的是人工智能程序的发展情况。列举了微信上的聊天程序大受欢迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成为顾问，但是目前这种程序主要应用在智能手机上，人们期待它将来可以在

手机以外的地方使用。1.D【解析】推理判断题。根据shebecameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemessageswithherdaily可知，她在微信上大受欢迎，很多中国人都喜欢与她聊天，故选D。3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中IBM’s

latestartificialintelligenceprogramservedasanacademicconsultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序可以作为学术顾问，故选B。4.B【解析】推理判断

题。根据最后一段中Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyondsmartphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,可知，人们期待这些程序除了智能手机之外，也能应用在电视、汽车、起居室等地，所以目前是

主要应用在智能手机上，故选B。B(2016·东北三省四市第一次联考)ManyforeignstudentsreportfeelinglonelyorunwelcomeinAustralia.ThosefeelingsareamongthereasonswhyA

ustraliaistakingacloselookatitsinternationaleducationindustry.Butwhereverinternationalstudentsgo，making

friendsmaynotalwaysbeeasy.ElisabethGareisofBaruchCollegeinNewYorksurveyed454internationalstudents.Theywereattendingfour­yearcollegesandgraduatescho

olsintheAmericanSouthandNortheast.StudentsfromEnglish­speakingcountriesandfromnorthernandcentralEuropeweremorelikelytobehappywiththeirfriend

ships.But38%oftheinternationalstudentssaidtheyhadnoclosefriendsintheUnitedStates.AndhalfofthestudentsfromEastAsias

aidtheywereunhappywiththenumberofAmericanfriendstheyhad.Thirtypercentsaidtheywishedtheirfriendshipscouldbe

deeperandmoremeaningful.ProfessorGareissays，“StudentsfromEastAsiahaveculturesthataredifferentonmanylevelsfromthecultureintheUnitedStates.T

herearealsolanguageproblems，andmaybesomesocialskills，suchassmalltalks，whicharepossiblynotasimportantinth

eirnativecountries，whereit’snotasimportanttostartfriendshipswithsmalltalks.ManyEastAsianstudentsblame

dthemselvesfortheirlimitedfriendshipswithAmericans，fornotspeakingthelanguagewellenoughandfornotknowingtheculturewellenough.”VOA’sStudentsUnionblog

gerJessicaStahldidherownsurveytofindouthowAmericanstudentsandforeignstudentsrelatetoeachother.Morethan100studen

ts，abouthalfofthemAmerican，answeredheronlinequestions.Halfoftheinternationalstudentsand60%oftheAmericanssaidtheyrelatedaswellorbettertotheot

hergroupthantotheirowngroup.ProfessorGareissays，“Internationalstudentswhomakefriendswithhostnationalsare，overall，moresatisfiedwitht

heirstayinthehostcountry.Theyhavebetterlanguageskills，betteracademicperformanceandbetterattitudestowardtheh

ostcountry.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，国际留学生交友并非易事。1．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MakingFriendsIsNotAlwaysEasyforForeignStudentsB．Studentsf

romEastAsiaAreNotGoodatMakingFriendsC．InternationalEducationIndustryinAustraliaandAmericaD．TheRelationbetweenForeignStudentsandHos

tCountries解析：选A。标题概括题。根据第一段的“Butwhereverinternationalstudentsgo，makingfriendsmaynotalwaysbeeasy.”可知，

本文是围绕着国际留学生不容易交友而进行阐述的。故答案选A。2．ProfessorGareistendstothinkthat________.A．cultureshockshouldbeblamedformanylevelsofAmericancultureB．foreign

studentsdon’tknowsmalltalksmeanalottoAmericansC．foreignstudentsshouldlearnsomebasicsocialskillsfirst

ofallD．foreignstudentshavedifficultymakingfriendsfordifferentreasons解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，外国学生难交到朋友是因为文化层次不同、语言以及社

交技巧等各方面问题造成的。故答案选D。3.HowdidJessicaStahlcarryouthersurvey?A．BydoingquestionnairesfromStudentsUnion.B．ByaskingquestionsontheInternet.

C．Byformingthestudentsintogroups.D．BydoingasurveythroughVOA.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Morethan100students，abouthalfof

themAmerican，answeredheronlinequestions.”可知，她是通过让学生们在网上回答问题而开展调查的。故答案选B。4．Whichofthefollowingstatementswillthewriterprobably

agreewith?A．Internationalstudentsliketomakemorefriendsintheirowngroup.B．Internationalstudentsaremorelikelytoremaininthe

hostcountryaftergraduation.C．Studentswhomakemorefriendsathomehavebetteracademicperformance.D．Studentswhomakefriendsi

ntheirhostcountriesfeelhappierwiththeirexperience.解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Internationalstudentswhomakefriendswithhostnationalsare，ov

erall，moresatisfiedwiththeirstayinthehostcountry.”可知，那些与东道国学生交友的国际留学生，对自己在东道国的经历更满意。故答案选D。CD(2015·四川成都九中模拟)ChristmasintheUnitedStatesistr

aditionallyatimeofgift­givingandfamilygatherings.Butsmalltownsacrossthecountryhavetheirowntraditions.Middleburg，asmalltowninthestateo

fVirginia，isknownforitshorses.Formorethan50years，MiddleburghasorganizedayearlyChristmasparade(游行)．Menandwomenridehorsesthroughthewoodsandfields

.Theyfollowhuntingdogsastheysearchforawildfox.Butfirst，thesehuntersrideintheyearlyparade，wearingtheirbrightredhuntingc

lothesandhats.JohnHale，acitizenofMiddleburgsaysmanycitypeoplevisithistown.“Wehavealotofpeoplefromanurbanareathatcometovisit，butitincorporatesalotoft

heoldtraditions.”Thenighttimehayrideisonesuchtradition.Smallgroupsgatherunderthemoonlightonanopenwagonfille

dwithhay.Thepassengerssingasfarmhorsespullthewagonslowlyacrossthefields.Therearesomenewertraditions，too.TreyMatheuworksatthenearbySa

lamanderResort.HesaysavisittoMiddleburgisachancetoslowdownforaday.HesaysMiddleburgcanbeacalming，peacefulplacewithouttension.“Middleburgisano

pportunitytotakeastepback，totakeadeepbreath，andtounderstandthateventhoughlifeismovingonataveryfastpace，there’sreallyanopportuni

tywhereyou’reallowedtostepoffforalittlebit.”Paradeorganizerssaymorethan13,000peopleattendeveninbelow­freezingweather.Butifyouask，youwillhearm

anydifferentreasonswhypeoplecometowatchtheparade：“IcomeherebecauseI’mfromasmalltown.Ilikehoweverybodycomestogether.

”“Iliverightdownthatstreet，rightthere.Andthat’smydog.”MiddleburglooksitsbestatChristmastime.Thatmaybewhyso

manypeoplereturneachyear.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国小镇Middleburg庆祝圣诞节的独特方式。1．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Middlebu

rgChristmasparadeB．AsmalltownknownforhorsesC．ChristmastraditionsinMiddleburgD．NewertraditionsatChristmastime解析：选C。标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是美国小镇Middlebu

rg独特的圣诞节风俗。故答案选C。2．AtChristmas，peopleinMiddleburgusually________.A．visitfriendsandfamiliesB．feedfarmhorseswithhayC．huntfordogsinthe

woodsD．rideintheyearlyparade解析：选D。细节理解题。由第二段第二、三句“Formorethan50years，MiddleburghasorganizedayearlyChristmaspara

de(游行)．Menandwomenridehorsesthroughthewoodsandfields.”可知，Middleburg的人们每年都会举行一次圣诞游行，人们会骑着马从树林和田间穿过。故答案选D。3．AccordingtoTreyMath

eu，whydopeoplevisitMiddleburg?A．Torelaxthemselves.B．Toenjoythefreshair.C．Toescapecompetition.D．Tochallengethemselves.解析：选A。推理判断题。由第四段第三

、四句“HesaysavisittoMiddleburgisachancetoslowdownforaday.HesaysMiddleburgcanbeacalming，peacefulplacewithouttension.”可推知，TreyMatheu认为

Middleburg是一个宁静、平和、没有压力的小镇，在这里人们可以放慢生活脚步，轻松一下。故答案选A。4．WhatdoweknowaboutthesmalltownMiddleburg?A．Itmak

esalargeprofitfromtourism.B．Itattractsmanypeopleeachyear.C．Itisagoodplaceforfamilygatherings.D．Itdoesn’trespectChristmastraditions.解析：选B。推理判断题。由第六段第

一句“Paradeorganizerssaymorethan13,000peopleattendeveninbelow­freezingweather.”可推知，每年有很多人都会来Middleburg观看圣诞节游

行。故答案选B。EU．S.airlinesareseeingamajorinterruptionbecauseofhundredsofflightscanceledduetotheashcloudfromtheIcelandicvolcano，butEur

opeanflightcompanieswillfacethebiggestlosses.Theairlinebusinesshasbeentough：Thedeclinedramaticallyslowedtraffic；FebruaryheavysnowforcedU．S.a

irlinestocancelthousandsofflights；andnowtheashesfromthevolcanostoppedalltrafficinandoutofnorthernEuropefordays.“ForU．S.flightc

ompanies，it'llbearelativelyshort­termhit，”saidMichaelBoyd，presidentofBoydGroupInternational，anaviation(航空学)consulting

firm.“Wethinkrightnowthey'redownabout$80millionintermsoflostincome，andthey'redowndomesticallyabout80,000passengersthatwouldhavebeenflyingdome

sticallybutaren'tbecausetheycan'tgethere.”Deltaannouncedthatvolcano­relatedinterruptiongroundedabout400flightsuntilMondayatacostof$20millioninlostrev

enues(收入)．Butbycomparison，theairlinecanceled7,000flightsandlost$65millioninrevenueduetotherecentsnowstorms.Thedisruptionhascreateduncertain

tyforcustomers，butanalystssayU．S.airlineswon'tfaceasmanycostsasyoumightthink.Theyarenotflyinginextraplanestohandlethepassengersintroublebecaus

ecompaniessimplydon'thavethem.“Airlinesrunaveryleanoperationnow，”Mannsaid.“So，sincetherearenospareaircraftorcrews，theairlineswillattempttom

aximizeloadsoneveryoneoftheiraircraftthatdofly.Butitmaytakedays，orinsomecasesaweekorso，togetsomeofthesecustomerstowheretheywanttogo.”Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意

______________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最佳答案1．Whichnegativeconsequencesmentionedinthepassagedidthedisasterscau

se?A．coldness，pollutionandairlines'lossesB．airportdamage，pollutionandslowtrafficC．passengerdelay，coldnessandairportdam

ageD．passengerdelay，airlines'lossesandslowtraffic2．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thefewestairplanesw

illflythetrappedpassengerstotheirdestinations.B．Allthecustomersaresuretobesenttotheirdestinationsintime.C．TheU．S.andU．K.airlinessufferedthesameloss

esinthenaturaldisasters.D．ThevolcanoeruptionreducedthetraffictoandfromnorthernEurope.3．Whatdoesthelastparagraphm

ainlytellus?A．thetroublesthattheairlineswillfaceaftertheashclouddisappears.B．themeasuresthattheairlineswillt

aketomaximizetheirprofit.C．thepresentsituationoftheairlinesandtheirplantodeliverthepassengers.D．thereasonswhytheairlinesrunafineoperation

.4．Whywillittakealongtimeforairlinestosendthepassengerstotheirdifferentdestinations?A．Becausethepass

engersenjoystayinginairportstotalkwithoneanother.B．Becausetheairlinesdon'thavespareplanesoremployeestoserve.C．Because

theairlinesdon'thaveenoughfinancialsupportafterthedisaster.D．Becausethepassengersareaskingforfullrefundfromthe

airlines.5．Thepassageismostprobablyfrom________.A．anovelB．anewsreportC．amagazineD．athesis参考答案ⅠThetexttellsusabouttheseriou

seffectoftheashcloudfromtheIcelandicvolcanoonairlinebusinessandhowflightcompanieswillhandletheproblemscausedbythedisaster.(31words)Ⅱ

1．解析：文中没有提到污染、机场损毁等问题，只讲了航班延误、乘客滞留、运营缓慢、航空公司受损，所以D为正确答案。答案：D2.解析：从最后一段的Theyarenotflyinginextraplanestohandleth

epassengersintrouble和theairlineswillattempttomaximizeloadsoneveryoneoftheiraircraftthatdofly,可知A为正确答案。答

案：A。3.解析：最后一段告诉我们每个飞行的航班会最大限度的搭载乘客，所以选C。答案：C。4.解析：从Theyarenotflyinginextraplanestohandlethepassengersintroublebecausecompanie

ssimplydon'thavethem可以推知答案。答案：B。5.解析：全文讲述冰岛火山灰对航空业的影响，应该选自新闻报道。答案：B。