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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·太原模拟)Operaisanartformthatcelebratesthehumanvoice.Nootherartformcreatesexcitementandmovestheheartint

hewaythatoperadoes,especiallywhenperformedbyagreatsinger.OperaisanimportantpartoftheWesternclassicalmusictradition.Itusesmusic,words,an

dactionstobringadramaticstorytolife.OperastartedinItalyattheendofthe16thcenturyandlaterbecamepopularthroughoutEurope.Overtheyears,it

hasrespondedtovariousmusicals.Inrecentdecades,muchwideraudienceshavebeenintroducedtooperathroughmodernrecording

technology.Somesingershavebecomecelebritiesthankstoperformingonradio,onTV,andinthecinema.However,inrecentyears

,operahasbeenfacingseriouschallenges.Onecurrentchallengetooperaiseconomics.Theshortageofmoneyraisesthebroaderquestionofhowmuchshouldbepaidtosupport

operasingersandotherartists.Societyseemstoacceptthelargesalariespaidtobusinessmanagersandthemulti－million－dollarco

ntractsgiventosportsathletes.Butwhataboutoperasingers?Somehow,peoplehavetheideathatartistscanbecreativeonlyiftheysufferinpoverty,butt

hisisunrealistic.Ifartists,includingoperasingers,lackthesupporttheyneed,valuabletalentiswasted.Notonlytheshortageofmoney,butalsothewaymoneyismanag

edintheoperaworldhasledtohardships.Principalsingersaregenerallypaidperformancefeesoncetheycompleteashow.Theytypicallyreceivenothingduringthemanyweeks

ofrehearsal(排练)beforeashowstarts.Anotherproblemfacedbyoperaishowtomeetthedemandsofaudienceswhoareinfluencedbypopularentertainment.

Popsingersareoftenjudgedasmuchonthebasisofhowtheylookashowtheysound.Thesedemandsmaybeunrealisticandpossibly

harmful.Operasingerssimplycannotmakeasoundbigenoughtofillalargetheaterorconcerthallwithoutamicrophoneiftheirbodyw

eightistoolow.Emphasizingphysicalappearanceoversingingabilitymaycauseaudiencestomissoutonthehumanvoiceatitsbe

st.Therearenoeasysolutionstoopera’sproblemsandtherearemanydifferentopinionsaboutthevalueofopera.However,everyyearma

nyyoungpeopleregisterformusiccourseswithhopesanddreamsofdevelopingtheirtalentinthisspecialartform.Thefactthatoperahassurvivedmanyob

staclesandcontinuestoattracttherisinggenerationshowsthatitremainsarespectableartformfullofvalue.【解题导语】本文主要讨论了歌剧所面临的挑战和困难。1．WhichofthestatementsisTR

UEaccordingtothepassage?A．Operasingers’lifestoriesaredramatic.B．OperawillsoonappearonTVandinfilms.C．Operafansthankcelebritiesf

orperforming.D．Operadevelopsbyadaptingtonewconditions.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Overtheyears,ithasrespondedtovariousmusicals.”可推知

，歌剧适应新的状况而得以发展，故选D。2．WhatcanweknowfromParagraphs2and3?A．Operasingersarefinanciallyinsecure.B．Operasingerswastetheirvaluabletal

ent.C．Operasingersgetpaidbeforetheshow.D．Operasingersperformbetteriftheyarepoor.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句以及第三

段第一句可知，歌剧演唱家的经济是有问题的，不稳定的，故选A。3．WhatdoestheauthortrytosayinParagraph4?A．Popularculturehashadapositiveinfluenceonopera.B．

Audiencesknowbesthowoperashouldbeperformed.C．Microphonesshouldbeusedtomakeoperamoreenjoyable.D．Operasingers’voi

cesshouldbevaluedmorethantheirlooks.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，歌剧演唱家的声音要比外貌重要得多，故选D。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．T

heEconomicChallengetoOperaB．OperaFacedwiththeDifficultiesC．OperaasPartofPopularCultureD．TheHistoricalContextofOperaB解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段第一句并结合全文的整

体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是歌剧所面临的问题和挑战，故选B。B(2018·陕西西北六校模拟)WithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner,todaywewillexploretheworldofghostsin

thisprogram!TheMerriam­Websteronlinedictionarysaystheword“ghost”goesbackathousandyearstothe“earliestrecordedevidenceofthelanguage”.Thefirstmeaning

of“ghost”was“theseatoflifeorintelligence”.Anditstillhasthatmeaninginsomeexpressions.However,today,theword“ghost”usuallymeansthesoul

ofadeadperson.Thismeaningisbasedontheideathataperson’sspiritandbodyareseparate.Thespiritcancontinueexisting

longafterthebodyhasdied.DuringHalloween,kidsdressedasghostsarecommonsights.Thecostumeisverysimple：justt

hrowonawhitecloththatcoversyoufromheadtofoot.Butdonotexpecttowinanycostumecompetitions!Youwouldnothaveaghostofac

hance.Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen.Thesightmightevenmakeyouturnpaleasaghost.Thisisusedwhenpeoplelosec

olorintheirface.Sometimesthishappenswhenapersonisscared.Butabadcoldorflucanalsoturnyouaspaleasaghost.“Ghost”canalsobeaverb.Inthe1880stheterm“ghost”me

antapersonwhoworksinsecretforanotherperson.Ghostwritersproducespeechesforpoliticians.Theyalsoproducebooksforauthorswhowanttotelltheirlifestori

esbutarenotprofessionalwriters.Andsometimesghostwritersareinvolvedinaseriesofbooks,likethechildren’sstoriesbasedontheteenagedetectiveNancyDrew.

Theseriesbeganin1930.TheauthorgivencreditwasCarolynKeene.Butshewasnotevenreal!Ghostwritersdidallthewo

rk.Anotherexpressionusing“ghost”asaverbissimplytoghost.Thisdoesnotmeantodie.Itmeanstoleaveaplaceoreventwit

houtsaying“goodbye”toanyone.Youcanghostfromyourjob.Youcanghostfromaparty.Yoncanevenghostfromarelationship

.Thisiswhenyoustopcommunicatingwithsomeonebecauseyouaresimplynolongerinterestedinthem.ButIwillnotghostfromWordsandTheirStories.【解题导语】本文主要对“gho

st”一词进行了深入探索。5．Thebasicmeaningoftheword“ghost”nowadaysis________．A．thesecretofanotherpersonB．thespir

itofadeadpersonC．thecolorofone’sfaceD．theoriginofintelligenceB解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句“However，today，theword‘ghost’usuallymeansthesoulofadeadperson.”

可知，ghost现在的基本含义是“一个死人的灵魂”。6．Ifsomeonesays“youdon’thaveaghostofachancetowinthematch”，hemeans________．A．withoutdoubtyouwon’tlosethem

atchB．thematchisunlikelytohappenC．it’simpossibleforyoutowinthematchD．youaretooscaredtowinthematchC解析：细节理解题。根

据第四段的最后一句“Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen.”可知，题干中引号内的意思是“你不可能赢得比赛”，故选C

。7．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheword“ghost”accordingtothepassage?A．Kidsdressedinawhiteclothlikeghostscanwinacostumecompe

tition.B．Abadcoldcanturnpeopleaspaleasaghostbecausetheyfearillness.C．ItwasCarolynKeenewhoghostwrotethec

hildren’sstories.D．Apersondevotedtohisjobisunlikelytoghostfromhisjob.D解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第三句“Itmeanstol

eaveaplaceoreventwithoutsaying‘goodbye’toanyone.”并结合选项可知，一个热爱自己工作的人是不可能轻易离开自己的工作的，ghost的含义和引用的句子呼应，故选D。8．Thispassageislikelytoappeari

n________．A．aradioprogramB．aHalloweenposterC．afashionmagazineD．anewspaperadvertisementA解析：文章出处题。根据第一段“WithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner，todaywewillexp

loretheworldofghostsinthisprogram!”可推知，本文选自一个电台的节目，故选A。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)Iworriedaboutmypersonalimageandho

wIcouldberememberedduringmyboyhood.Inthefifthgrade，thereseemedtobeonlyone__1__—tobecool.Inthesixthgrade，suddenly，thereweretwochoices：bec

ool，orbeinvisible.__2__，oneday，whenateacherhadusfilloutaquestionnairewith__3__questions，Ifoundthe__4__option.Assuming(假定)theteacherwou

ldreadouranswersprivately，Ifeltitwas__5__tosharemyprivacy.Tomy__6__，shecollectedandredistributed(重新分发)t

hemtous.Wewereaskedto__7__thenameandourthreefavoriteanswerstothewholeclass.Myanswerswenttothemeanestboyinclass.Thefirstquestionwas“Wha

t’syourfavoritemovie？”MyanswerwasBeautyandtheBeast.Alaugheruptedandmycheeks__8__．Thenextwas“Wherewouldyouliketotravel？”Myanswerwas__9__special—“Wh

ereverabooktakesme.”The__10__thistimehadanexplosivequality.Icould__11__rememberwhathappenednext；allthatIhadinmindwasthelaughter.Buts

omethingamazinghappened.A(n)__12__came，“Guys，cutitout.”Theroomwent__13__．It’sMichelleSiever，apopularandcoolgirl.Thenshe__14__，“Whyareyoulaughing

？Whatisthepointof__15__ifwejustlaughatothers？”Ican’tremembertheteacherorotherkids’names，butIrememberMich

elle’s.Whenshe__16__formethatday，she__17__meweactuallyhavethreechoicesifwewanttoberemembered.Becool，andy

oumightberemembered__18__．Stayinvisible，andyouwon’tberememberedatall.Butifyoustandup__19__someonewhenheorshe__20__youmost，thenyouwillb

erememberedastheirherofortherestoftheirlife.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在老师组织的全班问卷调查活动中，“我”的回答引起全班同学哄堂大笑，这时一个女生站起来帮助“我”走出困境。同时，“我”明白了一个道理：在别人需要你

的时候站出来会被别人永远记住。1．A.toolB．choiceC．chanceD．purposeB解析：根据空后一句中的“Inthesixthgrade，suddenly，thereweretwochoices”可知，此处表示，在五年级，似乎只有一个选择(choice)来让别人记住

自己——装酷。2．A.HoweverB．InadditionC．ThereforeD．InfactA解析：根据下文内容可知，老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事使“我”改变了原先的看法，故前后为转折关系。所以选A。3．A.personalB．funn

yC．variousD．strangeA解析：根据下文中的“sharemyprivacy”可推知，此处表示老师要求回答的是我们的私人(personal)问题。所以选A。4．A.wrongB．former

C．thirdD．latterC解析：根据上文内容可知，到六年级，“我”突然认为被别人记住有两个选择，但是通过老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事，“我”发现了第三种选择。所以选C。5．A.terribleB．safeC．nerv

ousD．interestingB解析：根据上文内容可知，假如老师私下阅读我们的回答，“我”就感觉分享的隐私是安全的(safe)。所以选B。6．A.surpriseB．anxietyC．delightD．e

xpectationA解析：根据下文可知，老师没有私下阅读我们的回答而是重新分发，让同学之间互读(read)，这种做法让“我”感到吃惊(surprise)。所以选A。7．A.repeatB．rememberC．compareD．readD8．A.achedB．paledC．changedD．

burnedD解析：根据空前的“Alaugherupted”及常识可知，“我”对第一个问题的回答引起了同学们的大笑，由此可知，“我”当时面颊发烫(burned)。选项D符合语境。9．A.evenB．stillC．neverD．alwaysB解析：根据下文中

的“thistimehadanexplosivequality”可知，“我”对第二个问题的回答仍然(still)是特别的，因此这一次笑声(laughter)更加强烈。still“仍然，还是”，符合语境

。10．A.laughterB．questionC．airD．classA11．A.nearlyB．exactlyC．hardlyD．surelyC解析：根据空后的“allthatIhadinmindw

asthelaughter”可知，此处指“我”几乎不能(hardly)记得后面发生了什么，所以选C。12．A.requestB．messageC．orderD．voiceD解析：根据下文中的“Guys，cutitout.”可知，MichelleSiever的声音(voice)传

来，所以选D。13．A.crazyB．silentC．angryD．emptyB解析：根据上下文可知，这个声音使整个房间安静(silent)了下来。14．A.announcedB．smiledC．addedD．stoppedC解析：根

据空后的两个问句可知，MichelleSiever继续在说，即补充道(added)。15．A.talkingB．chattingC．arguingD．sharingD解析：根据全文的内容，尤其是老师要求我们填调查问卷然后交换并在全班朗读这一活动过程可知，这是同学们之间的一次交流分享(s

hare)活动。所以选D。16．A.talkedaboutB．calmeddownC．leftbehindD．spokeupD解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”对两个问题的回答引起全班的大笑，这时MichelleSiever的话使全班安静下来，据此可推断她在替“我”辩

护。所以选D。speakup(forsb./sth.)“(尤指为„„)说好话，辩护”。17．A.remindedB．promisedC．showedD．persuadedC解析：她替“我”辩护这件事向“我”

展示(showed)了如果想要被人们记住，我们有三种选择。所以选C。18．A.forawhileB．finallyC．againandagainD．hopefullyA解析：通过这件事，“我”知道装酷只能被别

人记住一时(forawhile)。所以选A。19．A.beforeB．withC．forD．byC解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”之所以能够摆脱困境是因为MichelleSiever为“我”辩护。所以“我”总结出想要被别人记住的第三种选择是

：当人们需要(needs)你时，你站出来为(for)他们说话，这样你就会被他们当作英雄一样被铭记一生。所以选C。20．A.missesB．needsC．valuesD．lovesB