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2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（6）AIllegallytradedendangeredspeciesthatescape,formingsecondarypopulations,offerhopetotheirlong-terms

urvival,astudysuggests."ThisfirstcametomyattentionwhenIreadanewsstoryabouttheseizureofanillegalshipmentof23yellowcrestedcockatoo

s(小葵花凤头鹦鹉),"saidLukeGibson,acollegeteacher.Helearnedthatthespecieswascriticallyendangered,whichsurprisedhim.ThisencouragedDr.Gibsonandhis

colleaguetoinvestigate(调查)howacriticallyendangeredspecieshadbecomeself-sustainingoutsideofitsnaturalrange.Theydiscovered49casesofa

globallythreatenedspeciesbecomingestablishedasaseparatepopulation,whichtheyhadn’tthoughtof,includingtheyellow-crestedcockatoointheircit

y."Thisisaspecieswhichisprimarilythreatenedbywildlifetrade,"hetoldBBCNews."Poachers(偷猎者)gooutintotheforestinitsnativerangeineasternIndonesiaandc

apturethebirdandthenshipthemoff,usuallyuptoourcitywherethereisastrongdemandforpetbirds.Thisiswhathasf

ueledthedeclineofthisspeciesinitsnativerange.Butit'sreallyinterestingbecausethatsamecausealsohadanothereffect:someofthepeoplewhow

erekeepingthisspecieshereaccidentallyorintentionallyreleasedthem.”Asaresultofenoughofthebirdssetfree,itall

owedanewself-sustainingpopulationtobeestablishedinthiscity.ThegovernmentinofDr.Gibson’scityhasmadeitillegaltocapturethespecies,eventhoughitisano

n-nativespecies.Becausethecityisaffluentandrelativelywelleducated,thecasesofpeoplebreakingthelawareextremelyrare,explainedDrGibson,unlikeinitsna

tiverangeinIndonesia,wherecapturingbirdsformsamajorsourceofincome.However,therecanbedownsides(缺点)tothenewlyestablishedpopulatio

nofendangeredspecies,suchasalimitedgeneticpool,andsufferingfromnoveldiseases.Itdidalsopresentapossible“veryinteresting”opportunityforcon

servationists,Dr.Gibsonsuggested.Thiswouldinvolve"harvesting"someofthenewlyestablishedsecondarypopulation,whichmayprovideawaytohelpslowgl

obalbiodiversityloss.1.WhatwasbeyondGibson’sexpectationsaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Thehighrateofwildlifetra

de.B.Thepreciousnessofthebirds.C.Thefactthatthebirdsnearlydisappear.D.Thenewsthatthebirdswerepoached.2.Whathappene

dunexpectedlywhenthebirdswereshippedabroad?A.Theyformedaseparatepopulation.B.Theywerekeptaspetbirds.C.Theyweretradedillegally.D

.Theywerekilledforresearch.3.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“affluent”?A.Peace-loving.B.Rich.C.Free.D.Environment–friendly.4.Forwhatpurposedi

dtheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toappealtoeveryonetostopthewildlifetrade.B.Toexplainthechallengethewildbirdsarefacing.C.Tointroduceacr

eativeapproachtowildlifeconservation.D.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingendangeredspecies.【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是一项研究表明逃跑的非法交易的濒危物种形成了次级群体，为它们的长期生存

提供了希望，也呈现了野生生物保护的一种可能的方法。1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话Helearnedthatthespecieswascriticallyendangered,whichs

urprisedhim.可知他没有料到的是这些鸟是非常濒危的物种，与C项一致，故选C。2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句话可知有些养这种鸟的人偶然地或者故意地放了它们，由此在这个城市里形成了单独的自我维持数量的鸟，故选A。4.C【解析】观点态度题。根

据最后一段最后两句话Itdidalsopresentapossible“veryinteresting”opportunityforconservationists,Dr.Gibsonsuggested.Thiswouldinvolve"harvesting"someofth

enewlyestablishedsecondarypopulation,whichmayprovideawaytohelpslowglobalbiodiversityloss.可知本文作者是为了介绍野生生

物保护的一种创新的方法，故选C。B(2015·山西大学附中第五次月考)Paperisacheapandaccessiblemediumthatcanproducebeautifulresults.Tomost

people，makingapaperplanecouldbeoneofthesimplestthingstodo.It’sthesimplestandeasiestformofpaperart.Andpaperartcanbetracedback

toJapan,whereitoriginatedoverathousandyearsago.However,there’saspecialminoritywhotakespaperarttothenextle

vel，magicallyturningtheplainwhiteorcoloredpaperintosomeofthemostamazingartworks.Checkoutthefollowingartistsandtheirworks!Th

eDanishartistPeterCallesenisfamousforhistalentincombiningtheminimalism(极简的)ofawhitesheetofpaperwiththecomplexityofcare

fullycutandfoldedpaperandusesthetwotobuildoutsomepleasingworks.TheBritishartistSuBlackwelloftengoestosecondhandbookstores—tolookformaterial

swithwhichshecancarveoutdelicatesculptures.Themodelslookasifthey“grow”naturallyfromthepagesofthebooks.Thea

rtistfindsinspirationfromthebooktitleoraparagraphorpictureinsideandthenspendsmonthscarefullyslicingeachoneintoaneye­catchingpapermodel.Herold

booksculpturessellforupto￡5，000each.Bycarefullyfoldingsimplepiecesofpaper,GermanartistSimonSchubertcreatesamazingmasterpiece

s.Heturnspaperintoarchitecturalmasterpiecesbyfoldingasimplepieceofpapertoshapethecreases(褶痕),thenunfoldingittoshowthefascinatingartwork.Anothermas

terofpaper­foldingisJenStark.Herartworkisoftenintheformofcolorfulcavesandtopographic(地形的)maps.Usinghervividima

ginationandaspecialknife,sheisamoderndaymagicianwhoturnshumblematerialslikeconstructionpaperandglueintofantastic，complicatedsculpturesthatpuzz

letheeyes.Herworkdrawsinspirationfromnature.1．Accordingtothepassage,paperart________．A．isaboutplane­foldingB．ismostprosperousinJa

panC．datesbackto1000B．C.D．isnowonanewlevel2．TheBritishartistmentionedinthepassage________．A．combinestheminima

lismandcomplexityofpaperB．oftengetsinspiredbysecondhandbooksC．makesarchitecturalmasterpieceswithSimonSchubertD．isamagicianwhousessimple

papermaterials3．Accordingtothepassage,JenStark________．A．isfromGermanyB．usespapertobuildcomplicatedshapesC．createsthingstoopuzzlingtoundersta

ndD．worksalsoasamagician4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“humble”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Commonandpo

pular.B．Simpleandcheap.C．Uselessandpriceless.D．Numbandmeaningless.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。纸艺术历史悠久，当今纸艺术已发展到了一个新高度。本文主要介绍了几个在纸艺术方面造诣颇深的艺术家。1．解析：选D。细节

理解题。根据第一段中的“However，there’saspecialminoritywhotakespaperarttothenextlevel，magicallyturningtheplainwhiteorcoloredpape

rintosomeofthemostamazingartworks.”可知，现在有一些人能魔术般地将普通的白纸或彩纸制作成令人惊叹的艺术作品，将纸艺术发展到了一个新的水平。故答案选D。2．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The

BritishartistSuBlackwelloftengoestosecondhandbookstores...Theartistfindsinspirationfromthebooktitleoraparagraphorpictureinside”可知，文章中所提到的这

位英国艺术家经常从旧书中得到灵感。故答案选B。3．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“sheisamoderndaymagicianwhoturnshumblematerialslikeconstructionpaperandglueintofantastic，complic

atedsculpturesthatpuzzletheeyes”可知，JenStark可以将纸变成形状复杂、令人惊异的艺术作品。故答案选B。4．解析：选B。词义猜测题。“humble”后面的“constructionpaperandglu

e”意为“美术纸和胶水”，且和下文“fantastic，complicatedsculptures”形成对比可知，美术纸和胶水都是一些很简单且便宜的物品；由此可推知，“humble”的意思应为“简单的，便宜的”。故答案选B。CIrecentlyheardastoryaboutafamo

usresearchscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalachievements.Anewspaperreporterinterviewedhimwh

yhewasabletobesomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?Herespondedthati

tallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthatoccurredwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhedroppedth

eslipperybottle,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor—arealseaofmilk!Whenhismothercameintothekitchen，insteadofshoutingathim,giv

inghimalectureorpunishinghim,shesaid,“Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!Ihaverarelyseensuchahugepoolofmilk.Well,thedamagehas

alreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup？”Indeed,theboydid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid

,“Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitupandrestoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.Howwouldyouli

ketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge(海绵)，atoweloramop.Whichdoyouprefer？”Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespilledmilk.Hismother

thensaid，“Youknow，whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandfillthe

bottlewithwaterandseeifyoucanfindawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit.”Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelip

withbothhands,hecouldmakeit.Whatawonderfullesson!Thisfamousscientistthensaidthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn'tne

edtobeafraidtomakemistakes.当记者采访一位富有创造性的杰出科学家为什么他与众不同时，这位科学家说这一切源于2岁时妈妈给他上的一课，从中我们可以意识到孩提时代的教育方法的重要性。1．Whenthemotherfoundthekitchenf

loorcoveredwithmilk,she________.A.gavetheboyalectureinsteadofshoutingathimB.praisedtheboyinsteadofpunishinghimC.feltsatisfiedwiththeboy'stryingt

ohelphimselfD.calmeddowntheboyandhelpedhimfindawaytocleanthefloor答案：D。事实细节题。由第三、四、五段的内容可知，妈妈看到牛奶洒了一地后，首先安慰那个男孩让他镇定下来，然后帮助

他找到清洁地板的方法并找到最终解决怎样用一双小手拿稳瓶子的方法，故选D。2．Thechild'sexperienceresultedinthefollowingBUT________.A.offeringtheboyachancetograspthebottleB.benefi

tingtheboyallhislifeC.helpingtheboybemorecreativeD.makingtheboyrealizethemistakeisofvalue答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段和第二段可知当这位富有创造性的科

学家被采访到他为何富有创造性时，他说起两岁时的一次经历可以推断出这件事启迪了他的创造性同时也使他终生受益可知B、C正确；由尾段可推知他通过这次经历意识到了错误的价值，故只有A项不是那次经历导致的结果，故答案选A。3．Accordingtothepassage,thewaythescient

ist'smotherusedis________.A.instructiveB.strictC.formalD.strange答案：A。推理判断题。通读文章可知妈妈的方法具有教育性、启发性和指导意义。故选A。4．Thepurposeoft

hepassageistoshow________.A.ausualwaytocultivateachildB.ascientist'smedicalachievementsC.amother'swisewayofhelpingherchildD.theadvantage

sofmakingmistakes答案：C。推理判断题。总览文章可知作者的目的和意图是展示妈妈帮助孩子的明智的方法，故选C。D(2015·河北衡水中学二模)Theearthprovidesuswithalmosteverythingthatweneedtoeat,sleep,work

andentertain.Todoallthis,weusetheearth’sresources.Becausesomeofushavemorebuyingpower,theyendupusingmoreresourcesthantheyusuallyneed.Atthesametime,

wealsocreateagreatdealofwasteandpollution.Sowealsoneedtothinkabouthowmuchlandweusetodealwiththatwaste.Thentwothingshappen：first，lar

genumbersoftheworld’spopulationgetmuchlessresourcesthantheyneedtolive；second,theearthisdamaged.Theamountso

fresourcesweconsumedarelikefootprints.Theyshowwhoselifestylesareaburdenontheearthandwhoselifestylesarenot.Becauseafewpeopleeatupmostofth

eearth’sresources,themajorityhavetobeartheconsequences—likepollution.Thisistheecologicalfootprintsthattheearthk

eepsinitsmemory.Someyearsago,afamousexpert,calledWilliamRees,developedthisideaoftheecologicalfootprints.Today,thisideahasbecomelikeamagnifying

glass(放大镜)．Itallowsustoseewhetherwearelivinglivesinawaythatkeepstheearthinareasonablygoodshape.Oncetheearthgoesoutofsha

pe,thereisnohopeforhumanbeings.CountriesliketheUnitedStatesandCanadahavebigecologicalfootprints.Reescalculatedthattheaverageamountofenergyandmaterial

sconsumedbyaCanadianiswhatalandof4.3hectarescanproduce.Indiahasafootprintof0.4.Thismeansthattheenergyandmaterialsco

nsumedbyanIndianiswhat0.4hectaresoflandcanproduce.Butifwelookmorecarefully，wewillfindthatevenwithinIndia,thefootprintsof

thecityIndianaremuchlargerthantheruralIndian.1．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A．FootprintsontheEarthB

．HowtoProtecttheEarthC．FootprintsofWildAnimalsD．HowtoReducePollutionontheEarth2．Ourfootprintsontheear

threferto________．A．thecitieswebuildB．thecultureswecreateC．themarksweleaveonroadsbehindusD．theresourcesweuseandth

ewasteweproduce3．Accordingtothetext,richpeople________．A．shouldgivemoremoneytothepoorB．areusingtoomanyre

sourcesC．arehelpingthepoortolivebetterlivesD．shouldliveinruralareaswiththepoor4．WelearnfromthetextthatRees________．A．putforwardtheideaoftheecological

footprintsB．thoughthighlyoftheUnitedStatesandCanadaC．thoughtIndiawasanextremelypoorcountryD．thoughtrichpeoplemadegreatc

ontributionstosociety【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。我们消费及浪费的能源数量就是留在地球上的脚印，脚印越多说明消费的资源越多，给地球造成的负担越重。一旦把地球踩得变了形，那人类就没有了生存的希望。1．解析：选A。标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，第二段是

本文的主题段。根据第二段第一句主题句“Theamountsofresourcesweconsumedarelikefootprints.”并结合下文中多次提到的“footprints”可知，A项意为“地球上的脚印”，适合做标题。故答案选A。2．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据

第二段第一句“Theamountsofresourcesweconsumedarelikefootprints.”可知，地球上的脚印指的是我们消费的能源数量。故答案选D。3．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Becausesomeofushavemoreb

uyingpower，theyendupusingmoreresourcesthantheyusuallyneed.”可知，有更强购买力的人使用的资源超过了他们的实际需要，即富人消耗的资源太多。故答案选B。4．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据

第三段第一句“Someyearsago...WilliamRees，developedthisideaoftheecologicalfootprints.”可知，答案选A。EWhenyoudon’thav

eanythingplannedforthedayorit’srainyoutsideandyourchildrenarestuckinthehouse,whynotsitaroundandtellthemriddles（

谜语）?Tellingriddleswillmakeyourfamilylaughandsometimesevenscratchtheirheads,tryingtofigureoutwhattheansweris.Riddleshavebeenapast

imeforcenturies.Notonlyhaveriddlesbeensomethingforpassingthetime,buttheyhavealsobeenusedtopassonsecretinforma

tionduringtheSecondWorldWar.EventheancientGreeksusedriddles.Theywouldtellriddlesatpartiesandwhoeverwasthefirsttogetthemrightwouldreceivepr

ize.Mostriddlesusewordsthathavedoublemeaningsorsharethesamesoundlike“hear”and“here”.Soinordertogettheriddle,you

willhavetodosomecreativethinkingandthinkofallthepossibilitiesofdifferentwords.Thedifficultyoffiguringouttheriddleisbasedontheri

ddleitself.Theriddlehastoprovideyouwithenoughcluestocometotherightanswer,butthatdoesn’tmeanthattheclueshavetobeeasy

.Ifyouarelookingtotellriddlesbutdon’tknowany,youcanlookonlineandyouwillfindalargenumberofsitesthatwillhave

hundredsofdifferentriddlestochoosefrom.Ifyouwouldliketolooksomewhereelsethenyoucouldlookatyourlocalbookstore,wherey

ouwillbeabletofindmanydifferentbookswiththousandsofriddlestochoosefrom.Youcanevenfindwebsitesandbooksthatwilltel

lyouhowtowriteyourownriddles.Afteryouhavefoundsomeresourcesthathavedifferentriddles,youwillneedtoreadthroughthemtofindtherigh

tonesforyouandyourfamily:Youwillalsoneedtomakesurethatyourkidswillhaveachancetofigureouttheanswers.Sotakeyourtimeandchoosethefightfamilyr

iddlestotell.1．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torecommendaninterestingfamilyactivity.B.Tostressthei

mportanceoffamilyactivities.C.Toencouragechildrentoreadmorebooks.D.Tointroducethehistoryofriddles.2．Fromthetextweknowthatriddles_____

__.A.donothaveenoughcluesB.haveaverylonghistoryC.wereusedinWorldWarOneD.werefirstusedinancientRome3．InParagraph3,theauthormainly________

.A.discusseshowriddlesarecreatedB.explainswhyfiddlesareinterestingC.tellspeoplehowtosolveriddlesD.shows

thebenefitsoftellingriddles4．Tocollectriddles,theauthorsuggests________.A.onewayB.twowaysC.threewaysD.fourways试题分析：本文介绍了一种古老的消磨时

间的方法riddles。并告诉我们猜谜的方法以及找到这些字谜的地方。1．A推理题。根据文章第一段1,2行Whenyoudon’thaveanythingplannedforthedayorit’srainyoutsideandyourchildrenarestuckinthehouse,w

hynotsitaroundandtellthemriddles?可知本文中作者向我们推荐了一种猜谜的游戏。故A正确。2．B细节题。根据文章第二段第一句Riddleshavebeenapastimeforcenturies.可知这种游戏已经存在了很长时间了。故B正确。3．C推理题。根据文章第三

段Soinordertogettheriddle,youwillhavetodosomecreativethinkingandthinkofallthepossibilitiesofdifferentwords.Thedifficultyoffiguringo

uttheriddleisbasedontheriddleitself.Theriddlehastoprovideyouwithenoughcluestocometotherightanswer,bu

tthatdoesn’tmeanthattheclueshavetobeeasy.可知本段告诉我们的是猜出这些字谜的方法，就是要运用字谜里出现的线索。故C正确。4．B细节题。根据文章倒数第二段Ifyouarelooking

totellriddlesbutdon’tknowany,youcanlookonlineandyouwillfindalargenumberofsitesthatwillhavehundredsofdifferentriddlestoch

oosefrom.Ifyouwouldliketolooksomewhereelsethenyoucouldlookatyourlocalbookstore,可知作者告诉了我们两种猜字谜的方法，一种是到网络上寻找。一种是到当地的书店里找。一共有两种方法。故B正确。考点：考察说明文