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Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·合肥调研性检测)Theeffectsofcoffeeconsumptiononhealthhavelongbeenasubjectofconflictanduncertainty.Sincethe1980s,somehavespokenoutagainstcoff

eeasit’sharmfultohealth,whileothershavewelcomedcoffeeforitssupposedbenefitstohealth.Accordingtoascientificrepo

rt,mildcoffeeconsumption,threetofivecupsperday,canbetakenasahealthydietarypattern,alongwithotherhealthfulbe

havior.ThereportalsosaysthatcoffeeconsumptionhelpsreducetheriskofheartdiseaseanditprotectsagainstParkin

son’sdisease.AccordingtoDr.DonaldHensrudofMayoClinic,highconsumptionofcoffeehashealthrisks.Dr.Hensrudmentio

nsthedangersofhighcoffeeconsumptionforpeoplewithacertainillnessthatslowsthebreakdownofcaffeineinthebody.Somestudiessaidtha

tdrinkingtwoormorecupsofcoffeedailycanactuallyincreasetheriskofheartdiseaseinthesepeople.Accordingtoconclusionsfromarecentstudyled

byDr.GregoryMarcus,adoctorfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,dailymoderateconsumptionofcaffeine,lessth

an4cups,isnotassociatedwiththeseissues.Untilthescientificcommunityreachesageneralagreementontheeffectsofcoffeeconsumption

onhumanhealth,itwillbeuptotheindividualtodecidewhetherthebenefitsofdrinkingcoffeearegreaterthantherisks.Wheninformedofthesepossibleh

ealthbenefitsandharmofdrinkingcoffee,Harwood,ahighschoolstudentstated,“Eventhoughtheremightbesomenegat

iveeffectsofdrinkingcoffee,forthemostpart,coffeedrinkingsoundsgoodforhealth.NottomentionIneedcoffeetostayawake.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们对咖啡是否有益于

身体健康的几种不同观点。1．Whatisthepeople’sattitudetowardstheeffectsofcoffeeonhealthaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Disapprov

ing.B．Tolerant.C．Doubtful.D．Mixed.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，长期以来，饮用咖啡是否对健康有影响一直是有争议的、不确定的。一些人认为咖啡有害于健康，一些人则认为其有益于健康。D项意为“混合的，混杂的”，符合题意，故D项正确。2

．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“moderate”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Personal.B．Slight.C．Reasonable.D．Heavy.C

解析：词义猜测题。根据该句中的“lessthan4cups”可知，饮用的咖啡不超过4杯；据此可以判断，该句是说，每天摄入适量的咖啡因对身体无害。据此可知，画线词意为“适度的”，故C项正确。3．Whatcanwei

nferaboutHarwood?A．He’llkeepondrinkingcoffee.B．Heloveshishighschoollife.C．Heoftenfallsasleepinclass.

D．Hehassomehealthproblems.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“Eventhoughtheremightbesomenegativeeffectsofdrinkingcoffee,forthemostpart,cof

feedrinkingsoundsgoodforhealth.NottomentionIneedcoffeetostayawake.”可知，Harwood认为，尽管喝咖啡可能会带来一些负面影响，但大多数情况下，喝咖啡对健康有好处；更不用说，他需要咖啡来保持清醒。据此可以推断

，他将继续喝咖啡，故A项正确。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhyPeopleLoveCoffee?B．HowCoffeeAffectsHealth?C．T

heCultureofCoffeeDrinkingD．TheNewFindingsofHeartDiseaseB解析：标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了人们对咖啡是否有益于身体健康的不同说法。有人认为适量饮用咖啡有益身体健康，有人却认为过量饮用咖啡会增加心脏病的发病率。据此可

知，B项最适合作为本文的标题。BIstoppedatmybanklastweektodepositacheck.IcouldhaveusedtheATM，butIamsogladthatIdidn’tbecauseifIhad，IprobablywouldnothavemetHarold.T

herewere3or4peopleaheadofmeintheline­up，soIamusedmyselfbywatchingTV，justwaitingmyturn.Momentspassed.Then，directlyinfrontofme，ati

nyelderwoman，whowasnowfirstinline，startedtowardoneofthecounters.Butthecustomerbeforeherdidn’tfinish，sosh

ehadtostepback.Herbackwardmovementcausedmyattentiontobedrawntothecustomerdirectlyaheadofus.Ashewasfacingthecounter

，Icouldseeonlyhiswhitehairandthebrightredteamjacket.Iheardhimsaytothetellerinadeep，strongvoice...“HaveaGreatDay！”andthetellerreplied，“Youtoo，Ha

rold—seeyounextweek！”Theimpatientwomanagainmadehermove，headingforthecounter.Asshepassedhim，Haroldlookedup，dir

ectlyatme,saying，“Youareahandsomeman，sir.”Iwassosurprisedbyhisstatementandstruckbythegenuinewarmthandgenerositythatfilledittha

tIblurtedout“Thankyou，sir.”instantly，reachingouttoshakehishand，notevenrealizingthathewaswalkingwithawalkingstick.Heswitcheditt

ohislefthandandtookmyhandinhiswarmandfirmgrip.“Ireallycareaboutyou！”Hespokeagain.Thenhereachedouttothenextpersoninlineandsaid，“Ir

eallycareaboutyou，too！”Iwassoovercomebyhisinnocentandsinceregift！Hewaslikea4－year－old，whowalkeduptoeveryone，invitingthemtoplaywithhim.Iwonderedt

omyselfafterwards.Howdidheattainthisstateofgrace？Imaginethewarmfeelingheleavesbehindhimashesailsthroughthisworld，touchingpeopl

eforjustamoment.Hedroppedastoneintothepeacefuloceanofmyrealitythatisstillripplingoutwardsasyouhearandhopefullyfee

l，someofwhatHaroldsounselfishlypassontomethatIattempttopassontoyou—Ireallycareaboutyou!【解题导语】本文主要介绍了作者遇

到天真而真诚的Harold的故事。5．WhatmadetheauthornoticeHarold?A．Thewoman’simpatience.B．Harold’sdeepandstrongvoice.C．Thewoman’sbackwardmov

ement.D．Harold’swhitehairandbrightredteamjacket.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Herbackwardmovementcausedmyattentiontobedrawntothecustomerdirectlyaheadofus.”可知，作者因

为前面排队等候办理业务的老妇人后退的举动而关注到正在办理业务的Harold，故选C。6．WhydidHaroldsay“Ireallycareaboutyou！”totheauthor?A．Toexpressappreciationforhishe

lp.B．Topassonhiswarmthandgenerosity.C．Topraisehimforhisbeinghandsome.D．Togreethisoldfriendinaspecialway.B

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“IwassosurprisedbyhisstatementandstruckbythegenuinewarmthandgenerositythatfilleditthatIblurtedout”可知，Harold对作者所说的那句话是为了传递

他的热情和慷慨，故选B。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Haroldgaveagifttotheauthor.B．Haroldlikedtoplaywithothers.C．Harold’swordsatt

ractedpeople.D．Harold’swordstouchedtheauthor.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Iwassoovercomebyhisinnocentandsinceregift！”可推知，作者被Harold的行为

和言语所感动，与倒数第二句“Imaginethewarmfeelingheleavesbehindhimashesailsthroughthisworld，touchingpeopleforjustamoment”呼应，故

选D。8．Accordingtothispassage，wecaninferthat________．A．peoplearoundareconcernedaboutHaroldB．HaroldisahealthyandnicepersonC．theauthorhasapassiontohelpot

hersD．theelderwomanisindifferentD解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段和第三段可知，排在作者前面的老妇人对Harold的举动感到不耐烦，对这样一个拄拐杖的人所表现出的是一种冷漠的情绪，故选D。Ⅱ完形填空(2018·长

沙模拟)Therewasonceawidowwhohadtwodaughters.The__1__widowlovedtheelderwhowaslikeherselfbothinlooksandpersonality,butdidn’tlov

etheother,whoresembledher__2__，althoughshewasprettyandfriendly.Theyoungerdaughterhadto__3__hardalldayandliveuponthelef

toversofhereldersister.Amongherother__4__jobs,shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday__5__．Oneday__6__shehadjustfilledherpotatthefountain,anoldtremblingwo

manaskedherforadrinkofwater.Gladtoshowakindnesstotheoldwoman,she__7__．Now,allofasudden,therewasnooldtremblingwomanbuta(n)__8__whore

wardedgooddeedsbeforeher.“Yourfaceispretty__9__yourheartisgentle，”shesaid.“Foryourkindness,Iwillmakeyouagift.Everytimeyouspeak,fromyourmouthshallc

omeaflowerorajewel.”Whenthegirlreachedhome,herillmother__10__herforherlongabsence.“Pardonmeforbeingawaysolong，”shere

plied.Asshespokesomepearlsanddiamondsdroppedfromher__11__．“WhatisthisIsee,child？”askedthe__12__widow.Thepoorgirlwassohappytobe__13__chil

dbyhermotherthatsheeagerlytoldhermotherabouther__14__withtheoldwomanatthefountain.Thewidowimmediately__15__herfavoritedaughtertodoasthe__16__gir

lhaddone.Whentheimpatientgirlwasfillingthepotwithwateratthe__17__，abeautifulladyappearedand__18__adrinkofwaterfromthegir

l.“Ihavenotcomeheretoserveyou,”she__19__replied.Thelady,whowasthefairy,said，“Iwillmakeyouagiftto__20

__yourrudeness.Everytimeyouspeak，fromyourmouthshallcomeasnakeoratoad(蟾蜍)．”【解题导语】本文主要讲述了两个性格和外表不同的姐妹对给予他人帮助

的不同反应及她们得到的相应的结果，彰显了善有善报的道理。1．A.good­temperedB．bad-temperedC．kindD．beautifulB解析：根据下文中的“herillmother”并结合下

文她训斥小女儿可推知，她脾气不好。2．A.daughterB．teacherC．motherD．fatherD解析：根据语境中的转折可知，此处与“herself”形成对比。小女儿不像她而是像父亲。3．A.complainB．p

layC．workD．studyC解析：根据下文中的“Amongherother______jobs,shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday______．”并结合“liveup

ontheleftoversofhereldersister”可推知，小女儿整天要做许多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩饭菜生活。4．A.easyB．hardC．interestingD．boringB解析：根据上文中的“Theyoun

gerdaughterhadto______hardallday”可推知，小女儿的工作都很辛苦，很累人。5．A.withinreachB．witheaseC．withouthesitationD．fromagreatdistance

D解析：根据本段的整体内容可知，小女儿过得很艰难。由“shewasforcedtocarrywatereveryday”可推知，小女儿还得每天从很远的地方挑水，这与其艰难的生活境况呼应。6．A.whenB．whileC．onceD．beforeA解析：此处应用when引导定语从

句，在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词Oneday。7．A.hesitatedB．agreedC．leftD．arguedB解析：根据空前的“Gladtoshowakindnesstotheoldwoman”可推知，小女儿答应了老妇人的请求。8．A.boyB．oldwomanC．

oldmanD．fairyD解析：根据下文的“Thelady,whowasthefairy”可推知，老妇人是仙女变过来的。9．A.althoughB．butC．whileD．andD解析：根据语境可知，空处前后句表示逻辑上的并列关系，故选D。10．A.scoldedB．p

raisedC．thankedD．forgaveA解析：与“herillmother”和“herlongabsence”呼应并结合下文小女儿的道歉可知，此处表示小女儿受到母亲的训斥。11．A.waistB．hairC．lipsD．handsC解析：根据上文中的“Everyt

imeyouspeak,fromyourmouthshallcomeaflowerorajewel.”可知，小女儿以后说话会口吐花儿或者宝石，故选C。lip“嘴唇”，符合语境。12．A.amusedB．interestedC．astonishedD．frightenedC解析：小女儿突然

口吐珍珠和宝石，她的母亲自然很吃惊。astonished“吃惊的”。13．A.awardedB．calledC．showedD．taughtB解析：根据上文中的“WhatisthisIsee,child？”可推知，寡妇很震惊，对小女儿的态度突然转变，柔和了很多，称她为“孩子”。14．A.diffi

cultyB．thoughtC．experimentD．experienceD解析：小女儿迫切地将自己遇到仙女的经历告诉了母亲。experience“经历”。15．A.advisedB．gotC．forcedD．invitedB解析：getsb.todosth.意为“

让某人做某事”，符合语境。16．A.slimB．tallC．elderD．poorD解析：与上文中的“Thepoorgirl”呼应可推知，这里指可怜的小女儿。17．A.riverB．poolC．fountainD．well

C解析：与上文中的“Oneday______shehadjustfilledherpotatthefountain”呼应可推知，大女儿也来到喷泉那里。18．A.askedforB．askedofC．askeda

boutD．askedafterA解析：与上文中的“anoldtremblingwomanaskedherforadrinkofwater”呼应可推知，一个漂亮的女士向大女儿讨水喝。19．A.rudel

yB．jokinglyC．proudlyD．hurriedlyA解析：与下文中的“yourrudeness”呼应可推知，当时大女儿举止很粗鲁，与上文的“theimpatientgirl”呼应，故选A。

20．A.deserveB．faceC．equalD．repayC解析：结合语境可知，此处表示仙女要送给大女儿一份与她的粗鲁相匹配的礼物。equal“比得上”。