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2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（4）ARecentmonthshaveseenarevivalofthehumble(普通的)bikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingpedaling(骑车)ins

teadofdrivingtoschool,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbike-sharingsystems,servicesinwhichbicyclesarem

adeavailableforsharedusetoindividualswhodonotownthemandpioneeredbystart-upslikeOfoandMobike,hasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.WashingtonD.C.hasoneofthebi

ggestbikesharingsystemsintheUSwith3,700bikesand440stations.TheUK,FranceandGermanyallhavegrowingprograms.However,China,sofar,outdoes(超过)themal

lbyoperatingthreeoutoffouroftheworld’sshardbikes.Peoplecanunlocktheshardbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphone.Thebikesa

reequippedwithGPSandusersofChina’sversionscanleavebikesanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeo

pleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.However,th

eChineseprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,vandalism(故意破坏)andtheft.Infact,theseproblemsarealsosharedbybike-sharing

programsabroad.Launchedin2007,Véilbisalarge-scalepublicbikesharingsysteminParis.Atitsearlystageofoperatio

n,italsosufferedfromproblemsofvandalismortheft.ByOct2009,alargenumberofVélib’sinitialbikeshadtobereplacedduetovandali

smortheft,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.Todealwiththeseproblems,thecompanycameupwiththeideaofencouragingpeopletoreturnthebikestostat

ionsbyrewardingfreetimefortheirnextrides.Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsarealsotryingtoaddresstheseproblems.Forexample,Mobikesetsa100-pointcreditscor

eforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80,bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minu

tes,upfrom0.5-1yuan.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutbikesharingsystems?A.Theyofferfreebikerides.B.Theyarerunningperfectly.C

.Chinaoperatesthebiggestsystem.D.Francewasthefirsttolaunchthesystem.2.Asameansoftransportation,bike-sharingcanbebestdescribedas_______.A.p

romisingbutexpensive.B.convenientandeco-friendly.C.eco-friendlybutineffective.D.troublesomeandmeaningless.3.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Sh

aredBikesPedalintoStyle.B.ProblemswithBikesinChina.C.SharedBikesAttractYoungPeople.D.TransportationChangeswiththeTimes.【文章大意】本文

为说明文。讲述的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，并介绍了它的优缺点。2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知共享单车方便而且环保，故选B。3.A【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，与A项一致，故

选A。B(2015·南宁第二次适应性考试)Ateenagerhaspublishedastudysuggestingthefederalgovernmentcouldsavemillionsofdollarsayeari

nprintingcostsbyswitchingtoathinnerfont(字体)thatuseslessink.SuvirMirchandani，14，wholivesintheTownshipofO’Hara，saidhenoticedtherewereplentyoftal

ksatschoolaboutsavingpaperandhewonderedaboutsavingink.SuvirsaidonFridaythattheideabeganwhenhewasinmiddleschoolandhenoticedthatsometeach

ersusedheavierfontsforprinting.Hesaidhewasalreadyinterestedingraphic(印刷的)designandusedasoftwareprogramtoestimatehowmuchinkdifferentfonts

used.Heexpandedthestudytolookatpotentialsavingsbythefederalgovernment，andanewessayonhisresearchwaspublishedthismo

nthintheJournalofEmergingInvestigators，apeer­reviewedjournaldesignedforcreativemiddleandhighschoolstudents.HefoundthattheOfficeofManagementandBud

gethadalreadyestimatedthatfederalagencieswouldspendabout$1.8billioninprintingforthisyearandthatinkwasmoreexpe

nsivethanpaperonaper­pagebasis.Inhisessay，“ASimplePrintingSolutiontoAidDeficitReduction”，SuviranalyzedfivedocumentsproducedbyfiveU．S.govern

mentagenciesandestimatedhowmuchinkwouldbeusedwithfourfonts:Garamond，Verdana，TimesNewRomanandCenturyG

othic.Theanalysisestimatedthatusing12­pointGaramondwouldsavemost，about29percentininkcosts.Suvirsaidhisschooldistrictlookedatt

heideabuthasn’tbeenabletotaketheswitch.“Itdidn’treallycatchon，”hesaid，“Iunderstandit’shardtomakethechange.”1．InSuvir’sopin

ion，howcanthefederalgovernmentsaveprintingcosts?A．Bysavingpaper.B．Byprintingonbothsidesofthepaper.C．

Byusingheavierfonts.D．Byturningtoathinnerfont.2．ItcanbeconcludedthatSuvir’sstudyis________．A．interestingB．popularC．worthwhileD．

unique3．WhichfontdoesSuvirrecommendinprinting?A．Garamond.B．TimesNewRoman.C．Verdana.D．CenturyGothic.4．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat

________．A．SuvirfeelsregretfulthattheschooldistrictshowsnointerestinhisideaB．SuvirisuncertainwhethertheschooldistrictwillaccepthisideaC

．SuvirbelievesthattheschooldistrictwillagreewithhimD．Suvirisunhappythattheschooldistrictrefusedhim【解题导语】14岁少年Suvi

rMirchandani经过研究发表了文章，建议联邦政府用改变字体的方式减少对油墨的使用以达到节约的目的。1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“suggestingthefederalgovernmentcouldsavemillionsofdollarsayeari

nprintingcostsbyswitchingtoathinnerfont(字体)thatuseslessink”可知，Suvir认为联邦政府可以通过切换到更细的字体达到节约印刷费用的目的，即D项正确。2．解析：选C。推理判断题。文章第三段提到了他

的文章发表了，第四段讲述了他的文章中提到利用12­pointGaramond将节约大概29%的油墨费用，故C项正确。3．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句“Theanalysisestimatedthatusing12­pointGaramondwoulds

avemost，about29%percentininkcosts.”可知，Garamond最节省油墨，Suvir推荐这种字体进行印刷，即A项正确。4．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Suvir说的话可知，他的学区虽然知道了这一观点，但却没有做出改变，因为他明白要做出改变是很

困难的，也就是他并不确信他的学区能否接受这一观点，即B项正确。CIgotmyfirstdriver'slicense(执照)in1953bytakingdrivereducationinmyfirstyeara

tCentralHighSchoolinCharlotte，NorthCarolina.FouryearslaterwhenitwastimetorenewmylicenseIwasamarriedwoman.

HenryandIwerelivinginBaltimore，Maryland.Twoweeksbeforemy20thbirthday，HenrydrovemetothemotorvehicleofficeonahotJulyafternoon.Wh

enIgottotheofficeandshowedtothemanbehindthecountermyNorthCarolinadriver'slicense，readytorenew，themantoldmet

hatIwasunderagebyMarylandlawsinceIwasnotyet21.“Mr.HenrySmith，yourhusband，willhavetosignforyou，”hesaid.Iargued，pointingtoaverylargebelly(肚子)ofmin

e，“Iammarried.Iamhavingababy.WhyshouldIhavetohavesomeonesignformetodrive？”Heansweredcoldly，“It'sthelaw，madam.”Henryencouragedmetocalmdown，justgoahead

andgetthelicenseandbedonewithit.“No，”Isaid.Irefusedtohavehimsignforme.SoIleftwithoutaMarylandlicense.IcalledtheNorthCarolinaMotorVehicleOfficea

ndrenewedmyNClicensebymail—usingmynameSusanBrown.Andthusitwasforthenexttwelveyears.SinceHenrywasinthearmyIcoulddriveundermy

homestatelicense.BythetimeHenryleftthearmywewereonceagainlivinginMaryland，andIhadtotaketheMarylanddriver'sexam.SincethenIjustgoinandreneweveryfourye

ars—signthenameSusanBrown，havemynewpicturetaken，andwalkoutwithalicensetodrive.本文讲述了美国不同的州法律不一样。在北卡罗莱纳州

，中学时就可拿驾照，而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。1．Susangotherfirstdriver'slicense______.A．beforeshegotmarriedtoHenryB．when

shewastwentyyearsoldC．aftershefinishedhighschoolD．whenshejustmovedtoMaryland答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知

，苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照，四年后换证时，她已结婚了。由此可知A项正确。2．SusanfailedtorenewherlicensethefirsttimeinMarylandbecause______.A．shewasforbiddentodrivebyMarylandlawB．shela

ckeddrivingexperienceinMarylandC．shewastogivebirthtoababysoonD．sheinsistedonsigningforherself答案：D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册，因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正

是因为她坚持自己签名注册，使她没换证成功。3．WecaninferfromthetextthatintheU．S.______.A．AmericanmalesshouldserveinthearmyB．differentstatesmayhavedifferentlawsC．p

eoplehavetorenewtheirlicensesintheirhomestatesD．womenshouldadopttheirhusbands'familynamesaftermarriage答案：B。推理判断题。由马里兰

州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看，不同的州有不同的法律。D(2015·南昌一模)Theelephantwaslyingheavilyonitsside,fastasleep.Afewdogsstartedbarkingatit.Theelephantwokeupinterribleange

r:itchasedthedogsintothevillagewheretheyranforsafety.Thatdidn’tstoptheelephant.Itdestroyedadozenhousesandinjuredseveralpeople.Thevillagersweresc

aredandangry.ThensomeonesuggestedcallingParbati,theelephantprincess.ParbatiBarua’sfatherwasahunteroftigersandanelephanttamer.HetaughtPa

rbatitorideanelephantbeforeshecouldevenwalk.Healsotaughtherthedangerousartoftheelephantround­up—howtocatchwildelephants.Parbat

ihasn’talwayslivedinthejungle.Afterahappychildhoodhuntingwithherfather,shewassenttoaboardingschoolinthecity.ButParbatinevergotusedtobeingth

ereandmanyyearslatershewentbacktoheroldlife.“Lifeinthecityistoodull.Catchingelephantsisanadventureandtheexcit

ementlastsfordaysafterthechase，”shesays.ButParbatidoesn’tcatchelephantsjustforfun.“Mywork，”shesays，“istorescuemenf

romtheelephants,andtokeeptheelephantssafefrommen.”AndthisisexactlywhatParbatihasbeendoingformanyyears.Inc

reasingly,theIndianelephantisangry:formanyyears,illegalhuntershaveattackeditanditshomeinthejunglehasbeenreducedtosmallpieces

ofland.Itisnowfightingback.Wheneverwildelephantsenterateagardenoravillage,Parbatiiscalledtoguidetheanimalsbacktothejunglebeforetheycankill.Theworkofa

nelephanttameralsoinvolvesloveanddevotion.Agoodelephanttamerwillspendhoursadaysinginglovesongstoanewlycaptu

redelephant.“Eventuallytheygrowtolovetheirtamersandneverforgetthem.Theyarealsomoreloyalthanhumans，”shesaid,assheclimbeduponeofherelephantsandsatont

hegiant,happyanimal.Anelephantprincessindeed!1．ForParbati,catchingelephantsismainlyto________.A．getlong­lastingexcitementB．keepbothmenan

delephantssafeC．sendthembacktothejungleD．maketheangryelephantstame2．BeforeParbatistudiedinaboardingschool,________．A．shespenthertimehu

ntingwithherfatherB．shelearnedhowtosinglovesongsC．shehadalreadybeencalledtheelephantprincessD．shewastaughtho

wtohunttigers3.Indianelephantsaregettingincreasinglyangryandtheyrevengebecause________.A．theyarecaughtandsentforheavyworkB．

illegalhunterscapturethemandkillthemC．theyareattackedandtheirlandgetslimitedD．dogsoftenbarkatthemandchasethem4．Thepassagestarts

withanelephantstoryinordertoexplainthat________.A．peopleeasilyfallvictimtoelephants’attacksB．theman­elephantrelationshipisgettingworseC．elephanttamer

sareinshortsupplyD．dogsareaspowerfulaselephants【解题导语】本文介绍了大象公主Parbati的故事。1．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“‘Mywork，’sh

esays,‘istorescuemenfromtheelephants,andtokeeptheelephantssafefrommen.’”可知，Parbati捕捉大象主要是为了保障大象与人的安全，故选B项。2．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“Afterahapp

ychildhoodhuntingwithherfather，shewassenttoaboardingschoolinthecity”可知，Parbati与父亲一起打猎度过了一个幸福的童年，之后被送去市里的一个寄宿学校，故选A项。3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第五段的第四句“

Increasingly，theIndianelephantisangry：formanyyears，illegalhuntershaveattackeditanditshomeinthejunglehasbeenredu

cedtosmallpiecesofland.”可知，大象因遭到非法狩猎者的袭击以及领地受限而对人类进行报复，故选C项。4．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章整体内容可推知，文章以一个大象的故事开头是为了展现人类和大象日

益紧张的关系，故选B项。EBelowarethebestfourapplicationstohelpyouorganizeyourcloset(橱柜)—andtrustus,therereallyissomethingforeveryone.ClosetIfyou'

relookingtocreateyourowndigitalcloset,thenthisappisforyou.Closethelpsyoucategorizeyouroutfitsandkeeps

youup­to­dateonwhatyou'vealreadyworn.PROS:Verysimpleanduser­friendly.Greatforhelpingyoulookatyourownclosetwithoutfeelingov

erwhelmed.CONS:Nosocialinteractions.Thisappisstrictlyforhavingamobileversionofyourcloset.PoseTheappmakesthingsins

anelyeasyfortheindecisiveshopper.Soifyou'redebatingwhetherornottobuysomething,youcangetasecondopinion.Theappalsogathersphotosofitemsthaty

ouwishtobuyanditemsyoualreadyown,sotheyareallinonespot.PROS:Whenyousignup,youfilloutashortsurveythathelpsidentifyyourpers

onalstyleandsubsequentlyfindspeoplewithsimilartastethatyoucanfollowforinspiration.CONS:Thephoneapplicationismo

revisuallyappealingthantheactualwebsite.StyliticsItallowsyoutocategorizeyourclothesbycolor,brand,pat

ternandmore.Andifyou'rewonderingwhetheryouhavealreadywornanoutfit,simplycheckyourstylecalendar.PROS:Theappcomeswitha“TodayinFashionHistory”tipsoy

oucanbrushuponyourstyleknowledge.CONS:Youcan'tviewyourstyleprofileusingtheappyetunlessyoulogontothesite.Wa

lkinMyClosetIfyou'rebrowsingtheInternet,lookingforsomethingtobuy,youcaninstantlyaddtheitemtoyourvirtualclosetsothatyourwishlistitemsareallinonepl

ace.Besidessharingyourclosetwithotherusers,youcanalsosellitemsyounolongerwant.PROS:The“Moodboard”isagreatwaytogatherinspiringlooksthaty

oulikefromotherusersandfashionexperts.CONS:Theluggagefeature,whichallowsyoutoprepareoutfitsforanupcomingtrip,isonlyavai

lableonthesite;itwouldbeusefulifitwereontheapp.文章大意：本文讲述四个流行的应用程序来帮你组织你的橱柜。1．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderli

nedword?A．Instantly.B．Accurately.C．Deliberately.D．Incredibly.答案：D词义猜测题。根据Pose中提到Soifyou'redebatingwhetherorno

ttobuysomething,youcangetasecondopinion.Theappalsogathersphotosofitemsthatyouwishtobuyanditemsyoualreadyown,sothe

yareallinonespot.如果你不知道是否要买，这个app可能收集你想要买的东西的照片，即时的浏览，故app让没有主见的消费者购物变得非常的简单，故选D项。2．Whichofthefollowingisdesignedforpeoplewhoofte

nhesitatewhenbuyingclothes?A．Closet.B．Pose.C．Stylitics.D．WalkinMyCloset.答案：B推理判断题。根据Pose提到的Theappmakesthingsinsanelyeas

yfortheindecisiveshopper可知app让那些优柔寡断的消费者买东西变得更加简单，故选B项。3．WhatcanwelearnaboutWalkinMyClosetfromthepassag

e?A．Itisasimpleanduser­friendlyapp.B．Ithelpsyouconfirmyourpersonalstyle.C．Itcombinesbothshoppingandorganizingyourcloset.D

．Itrequiresyoutologonthesitetoviewyourstyleprofile.答案：C细节理解题。根据WalkinMyCloset提到的Ifyou'rebrowsingtheInternet,lookingforsomethingtobuy,

youcaninstantlyaddtheitemtoyourvirtualclosetsothatyourwishlistitemsareallinoneplace如果你浏览网页时，看到想买的东西，你可以把它加入到你的虚拟衣柜，故可知选C项。4

．Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A．aboutthefourbestfashionappstohelporganizeyourclosetB．howtousethesefashion

appsC．thateveryonecanfindtheirownpersonalstyleD．thatweshouldshareourclosetwithfriends答案：A主旨大意题。本文讲述四个流行的应用程序来帮你组织你的橱柜，故选A项。