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2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（4）ARecentmonthshaveseenarevivalofthehumble(普通的)bikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingpedaling(骑车)

insteadofdrivingtoschool,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbike-sharingsystems,servicesinwhichbicyclesa

remadeavailableforsharedusetoindividualswhodonotownthemandpioneeredbystart-upslikeOfoandMobike,hasbroughtthetr

endtoanewlevel.WashingtonD.C.hasoneofthebiggestbikesharingsystemsintheUSwith3,700bikesand440stations.TheUK,FranceandGermanyallha

vegrowingprograms.However,China,sofar,outdoes(超过)themallbyoperatingthreeoutoffouroftheworld’sshardbikes.Peoplecanunlocktheshardbik

esbysimplyusingtheirsmartphone.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandusersofChina’sversionscanleavebikesanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They’repopularamong

manyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.However,the

Chineseprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,vandalism(故意破坏)andtheft.Infact,theseproblemsarealsosharedbybike-sharing

programsabroad.Launchedin2007,Véilbisalarge-scalepublicbikesharingsysteminParis.Atitsearlystageofoperation,italsosufferedfromproblemso

fvandalismortheft.ByOct2009,alargenumberofVélib’sinitialbikeshadtobereplacedduetovandalismortheft,accordingtoTheNewYorkTim

es.Todealwiththeseproblems,thecompanycameupwiththeideaofencouragingpeopletoreturnthebikestostationsbyrewa

rdingfreetimefortheirnextrides.Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsarealsotryingtoaddresstheseproblems.Forexample,Mobikesetsa100-pointcreditsc

oreforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80,bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes

,upfrom0.5-1yuan.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutbikesharingsystems?A.Theyofferfreebikerides.B.Theyarerunningperfectly.C.Chinaoperatesthebiggestsystem.D.Fra

ncewasthefirsttolaunchthesystem.2.Asameansoftransportation,bike-sharingcanbebestdescribedas_______.A.promisingbutexpensive.B.c

onvenientandeco-friendly.C.eco-friendlybutineffective.D.troublesomeandmeaningless.3.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Shared

BikesPedalintoStyle.B.ProblemswithBikesinChina.C.SharedBikesAttractYoungPeople.D.TransportationChangeswi

ththeTimes.【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，并介绍了它的优缺点。2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知共享单车方便而且环保，故选B。3.A【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是共享单车成为

一种新的趋势，与A项一致，故选A。B(2015·南宁第二次适应性考试)Ateenagerhaspublishedastudysuggestingthefederalgovernmentcouldsavemillionsofdollarsayearinprintingcostsbyswitch

ingtoathinnerfont(字体)thatuseslessink.SuvirMirchandani，14，wholivesintheTownshipofO’Hara，saidhenoticedtherewereplentyoftalksatsc

hoolaboutsavingpaperandhewonderedaboutsavingink.SuvirsaidonFridaythattheideabeganwhenhewasinmiddleschoolandhenoticedthatsometea

chersusedheavierfontsforprinting.Hesaidhewasalreadyinterestedingraphic(印刷的)designandusedasoftwareprogramtoestimatehowmuc

hinkdifferentfontsused.Heexpandedthestudytolookatpotentialsavingsbythefederalgovernment，andanewessayonhisresearchwaspublishedthismonthin

theJournalofEmergingInvestigators，apeer­reviewedjournaldesignedforcreativemiddleandhighschoolstudents.HefoundthattheOfficeofManagementa

ndBudgethadalreadyestimatedthatfederalagencieswouldspendabout$1.8billioninprintingforthisyearandthatinkwasmoreexpensivethanpaperonaper­pagebasis.Inh

isessay，“ASimplePrintingSolutiontoAidDeficitReduction”，SuviranalyzedfivedocumentsproducedbyfiveU．S.governmentagenc

iesandestimatedhowmuchinkwouldbeusedwithfourfonts:Garamond，Verdana，TimesNewRomanandCenturyGothic.Theanalysisestimatedthatusing12­pointGaramond

wouldsavemost，about29percentininkcosts.Suvirsaidhisschooldistrictlookedattheideabuthasn’tbeenabletotaketheswitch.“Itdidn’treallycatchon，

”hesaid，“Iunderstandit’shardtomakethechange.”1．InSuvir’sopinion，howcanthefederalgovernmentsaveprintingcosts?A．Bysavingpape

r.B．Byprintingonbothsidesofthepaper.C．Byusingheavierfonts.D．Byturningtoathinnerfont.2．ItcanbeconcludedthatSuvir’sstud

yis________．A．interestingB．popularC．worthwhileD．unique3．WhichfontdoesSuvirrecommendinprinting?A．Garamond.B．TimesNewRoman.C．Verdana.D．Cen

turyGothic.4．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________．A．SuvirfeelsregretfulthattheschooldistrictshowsnointerestinhisideaB．Suvir

isuncertainwhethertheschooldistrictwillaccepthisideaC．SuvirbelievesthattheschooldistrictwillagreewithhimD．Suvirisun

happythattheschooldistrictrefusedhim【解题导语】14岁少年SuvirMirchandani经过研究发表了文章，建议联邦政府用改变字体的方式减少对油墨的使用以达到节约的目的。

1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“suggestingthefederalgovernmentcouldsavemillionsofdollarsayearinprintingcostsbyswitchingtoathinnerfont(字体)thatuse

slessink”可知，Suvir认为联邦政府可以通过切换到更细的字体达到节约印刷费用的目的，即D项正确。2．解析：选C。推理判断题。文章第三段提到了他的文章发表了，第四段讲述了他的文章中提到利用12­pointGaramond将节约大

概29%的油墨费用，故C项正确。3．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句“Theanalysisestimatedthatusing12­pointGaramondwouldsavemost，

about29%percentininkcosts.”可知，Garamond最节省油墨，Suvir推荐这种字体进行印刷，即A项正确。4．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Suvir说的话可知，他的学区虽然知道了这一观点，但却没有做出改变，

因为他明白要做出改变是很困难的，也就是他并不确信他的学区能否接受这一观点，即B项正确。CIgotmyfirstdriver'slicense(执照)in1953bytakingdrivereducationinmyfirstyearatCen

tralHighSchoolinCharlotte，NorthCarolina.FouryearslaterwhenitwastimetorenewmylicenseIwasamarriedwoman.HenryandIwerelivinginBaltimore，Maryland.T

woweeksbeforemy20thbirthday，HenrydrovemetothemotorvehicleofficeonahotJulyafternoon.WhenIgottotheofficeandshowedtothemanbehindthecountermyNor

thCarolinadriver'slicense，readytorenew，themantoldmethatIwasunderagebyMarylandlawsinceIwasnotyet21.“Mr.HenrySmith，yourhusband，willhav

etosignforyou，”hesaid.Iargued，pointingtoaverylargebelly(肚子)ofmine，“Iammarried.Iamhavingababy.WhyshouldIhavetohavesomeone

signformetodrive？”Heansweredcoldly，“It'sthelaw，madam.”Henryencouragedmetocalmdown，justgoaheadandgetthelicenseandbedonewi

thit.“No，”Isaid.Irefusedtohavehimsignforme.SoIleftwithoutaMarylandlicense.IcalledtheNorthCarolinaMotorVehicleOfficeandrenewedmyNClicensebymai

l—usingmynameSusanBrown.Andthusitwasforthenexttwelveyears.SinceHenrywasinthearmyIcoulddriveundermyhomestatelicense.Bytheti

meHenryleftthearmywewereonceagainlivinginMaryland，andIhadtotaketheMarylanddriver'sexam.SincethenIjustgoina

ndreneweveryfouryears—signthenameSusanBrown，havemynewpicturetaken，andwalkoutwithalicensetodrive.本文讲述了美国不同的

州法律不一样。在北卡罗莱纳州，中学时就可拿驾照，而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。1．Susangotherfirstdriver'slicense______.A．beforeshegotmarriedtoHenryB．whenshe

wastwentyyearsoldC．aftershefinishedhighschoolD．whenshejustmovedtoMaryland答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知，苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照，四年后换证时，她已结婚了。由

此可知A项正确。2．SusanfailedtorenewherlicensethefirsttimeinMarylandbecause______.A．shewasforbiddentodrivebyMarylandlawB．shelackeddrivingexperienceinM

arylandC．shewastogivebirthtoababysoonD．sheinsistedonsigningforherself答案：D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册，因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正是因为她坚持自己签名注册，使她没换证成功。3．Wecan

inferfromthetextthatintheU．S.______.A．AmericanmalesshouldserveinthearmyB．differentstatesmayhavedifferentlawsC．peoplehavetorenewtheirli

censesintheirhomestatesD．womenshouldadopttheirhusbands'familynamesaftermarriage答案：B。推理判断题。由马里兰州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看，不同的州有不同的法律。

D(2015·南昌一模)Theelephantwaslyingheavilyonitsside,fastasleep.Afewdogsstartedbarkingatit.Theelephantwokeupinterribleanger:it

chasedthedogsintothevillagewheretheyranforsafety.Thatdidn’tstoptheelephant.Itdestroyedadozenhousesandinj

uredseveralpeople.Thevillagerswerescaredandangry.ThensomeonesuggestedcallingParbati,theelephantprincess.ParbatiBarua’sfatherwasahunteroftigersandane

lephanttamer.HetaughtParbatitorideanelephantbeforeshecouldevenwalk.Healsotaughtherthedangerousartoftheelephantround­up—howtocatchwildelephants.Par

batihasn’talwayslivedinthejungle.Afterahappychildhoodhuntingwithherfather,shewassenttoaboardingschoolin

thecity.ButParbatinevergotusedtobeingthereandmanyyearslatershewentbacktoheroldlife.“Lifeinthecityistoodu

ll.Catchingelephantsisanadventureandtheexcitementlastsfordaysafterthechase，”shesays.ButParbatidoesn’tcatchelephantsjustforfun.“Mywork，”shesa

ys，“istorescuemenfromtheelephants,andtokeeptheelephantssafefrommen.”AndthisisexactlywhatParbatihasbeen

doingformanyyears.Increasingly,theIndianelephantisangry:formanyyears,illegalhuntershaveattackeditandi

tshomeinthejunglehasbeenreducedtosmallpiecesofland.Itisnowfightingback.Wheneverwildelephantsenterateagardenoravillage,Parbatiiscalledt

oguidetheanimalsbacktothejunglebeforetheycankill.Theworkofanelephanttameralsoinvolvesloveanddevotion.Agoodelepha

nttamerwillspendhoursadaysinginglovesongstoanewlycapturedelephant.“Eventuallytheygrowtolovetheirtamersandneverforgetthem.Theyarealsomorelo

yalthanhumans，”shesaid,assheclimbeduponeofherelephantsandsatonthegiant,happyanimal.Anelephantprincessindeed!1．ForParbati,catchingelephantsismainlyto

________.A．getlong­lastingexcitementB．keepbothmenandelephantssafeC．sendthembacktothejungleD．maketheangryelephantstame2．BeforeParbati

studiedinaboardingschool,________．A．shespenthertimehuntingwithherfatherB．shelearnedhowtosinglovesongsC．sheh

adalreadybeencalledtheelephantprincessD．shewastaughthowtohunttigers3.Indianelephantsaregettingincreasinglyangryandtheyrevengebecause________.A．

theyarecaughtandsentforheavyworkB．illegalhunterscapturethemandkillthemC．theyareattackedandtheirlandgetslimitedD．dogsoftenbark

atthemandchasethem4．Thepassagestartswithanelephantstoryinordertoexplainthat________.A．peopleeasilyfallvictimtoeleph

ants’attacksB．theman­elephantrelationshipisgettingworseC．elephanttamersareinshortsupplyD．dogsareaspowerfulaselephants【解题导语】本文介绍

了大象公主Parbati的故事。1．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“‘Mywork，’shesays,‘istorescuemenfromtheelephants,andtokeeptheelephants

safefrommen.’”可知，Parbati捕捉大象主要是为了保障大象与人的安全，故选B项。2．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“Afterahappychildhoodhuntingwithherfat

her，shewassenttoaboardingschoolinthecity”可知，Parbati与父亲一起打猎度过了一个幸福的童年，之后被送去市里的一个寄宿学校，故选A项。3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第五段的第四句“Increasingly，theIndianelephant

isangry：formanyyears，illegalhuntershaveattackeditanditshomeinthejunglehasbeenreducedtosmallpiecesofland.”可知，大象因遭到非法狩猎者的袭击以及领地受限而对人类进行报复，故选C项。4．解析：选B。

推理判断题。根据文章整体内容可推知，文章以一个大象的故事开头是为了展现人类和大象日益紧张的关系，故选B项。EBelowarethebestfourapplicationstohelpyouorganizeyourclose

t(橱柜)—andtrustus,therereallyissomethingforeveryone.ClosetIfyou'relookingtocreateyourowndigitalcloset,thenthisappisfory

ou.Closethelpsyoucategorizeyouroutfitsandkeepsyouup­to­dateonwhatyou'vealreadyworn.PROS:Verysimpleanduser­friendly.G

reatforhelpingyoulookatyourownclosetwithoutfeelingoverwhelmed.CONS:Nosocialinteractions.Thisappisstrictlyforhavingamobileversionofyourcloset.Po

seTheappmakesthingsinsanelyeasyfortheindecisiveshopper.Soifyou'redebatingwhetherornottobuysomething,youcangetasecondopinion.Theappalsogathe

rsphotosofitemsthatyouwishtobuyanditemsyoualreadyown,sotheyareallinonespot.PROS:Whenyousignup,youfilloutashortsurveythathelps

identifyyourpersonalstyleandsubsequentlyfindspeoplewithsimilartastethatyoucanfollowforinspiration.CONS:Thephoneapplica

tionismorevisuallyappealingthantheactualwebsite.StyliticsItallowsyoutocategorizeyourclothesbycolor,bran

d,patternandmore.Andifyou'rewonderingwhetheryouhavealreadywornanoutfit,simplycheckyourstylecalendar.PROS:Theappcomeswit

ha“TodayinFashionHistory”tipsoyoucanbrushuponyourstyleknowledge.CONS:Youcan'tviewyourstyleprofileusingtheappyetu

nlessyoulogontothesite.WalkinMyClosetIfyou'rebrowsingtheInternet,lookingforsomethingtobuy,youcaninstantlyaddtheitemtoyour

virtualclosetsothatyourwishlistitemsareallinoneplace.Besidessharingyourclosetwithotherusers,youcanals

osellitemsyounolongerwant.PROS:The“Moodboard”isagreatwaytogatherinspiringlooksthatyoulikefromotherusersandfashionexperts.CONS:Theluggagefea

ture,whichallowsyoutoprepareoutfitsforanupcomingtrip,isonlyavailableonthesite;itwouldbeusefulifitwereontheapp.文章大意：本

文讲述四个流行的应用程序来帮你组织你的橱柜。1．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword?A．Instantly.B．Accurately.C．Deliberately.D．Incredibly.答案：D词义猜测题。

根据Pose中提到Soifyou'redebatingwhetherornottobuysomething,youcangetasecondopinion.Theappalsogathersphotosofitemsthatyou

wishtobuyanditemsyoualreadyown,sotheyareallinonespot.如果你不知道是否要买，这个app可能收集你想要买的东西的照片，即时的浏览，故app让没有主见的消费者购物变得非常的简单，故选D项。2．Whichofthefollowingisdesign

edforpeoplewhooftenhesitatewhenbuyingclothes?A．Closet.B．Pose.C．Stylitics.D．WalkinMyCloset.答案：B推理判断题。根据Pose提到的Th

eappmakesthingsinsanelyeasyfortheindecisiveshopper可知app让那些优柔寡断的消费者买东西变得更加简单，故选B项。3．WhatcanwelearnaboutWalkinMyCl

osetfromthepassage?A．Itisasimpleanduser­friendlyapp.B．Ithelpsyouconfirmyourpersonalstyle.C．Itcombinesbot

hshoppingandorganizingyourcloset.D．Itrequiresyoutologonthesitetoviewyourstyleprofile.答案：C细节理解题。根据WalkinMyCloset提到的Ifyou'rebrowsingthe

Internet,lookingforsomethingtobuy,youcaninstantlyaddtheitemtoyourvirtualclosetsothatyourwishlistitemsareallin

oneplace如果你浏览网页时，看到想买的东西，你可以把它加入到你的虚拟衣柜，故可知选C项。4．Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A．aboutthefourbestfashionappstohelporganizeyourclosetB．howtousethe

sefashionappsC．thateveryonecanfindtheirownpersonalstyleD．thatweshouldshareourclosetwithfriends答案：A主旨大意题。本文讲述四个流行的应用程序来帮你组织你的橱柜，故选A项。