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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·沈阳市高三模拟)Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy，anewstudysays.That’swhatresearchersfoundwhent

heyplayedrecordingsofpeopleforelephantsinKenya.Scientistssaythisisanadvancedthinkingskillthatotheranimalshaven’tshown.Itletsel

ephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoisn’t.Theresultshowsthatthecleveranimalsarealsostudyingpeople，said

studyauthorKarenMcComb.“Basically，theyhavedevelopedthisveryrichknowledgeofthehumansthattheysharetheirhabitat

with，”saidMcComb，aprofessorattheUniversityofSussexinEngland.“Memoryiskey.Theymustbuildupthatknowledgesomehow.”Thestudywasrelease

donMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.It’sclosetobutnotquiteliketheDr.Seuss’sbook，wheretheelephant

Hortonhearssomethingthatotherscan’thear.McCombandcolleagueswenttoAmboseliNationalParkinKenya，wherehundredsofwildelephantsliveamonghu

mans，sometimescominginconflictoverscarcewater.ThescientistsusedvoicerecordingsofMaasaimen，whoonoccasionkillelephant

s，andKambamen，whoarelessofathreattotheelephants.Asaresult，theelephantsreactedmoredefensively—retreatingandgatheringinabunch—totheMaasailangu

agerecordingbecauseitwasassociatedwiththemorethreateninghumantribe，saidstudyco－authorGraemeShannon.TheyrepeatedtheexperimentwithrecordingsofMaasaimen

andwomen.Sincewomenalmostneverspearelephants，theanimalsreactedlessdefensivelytothewomen’svoices.Thesamethinghappenedwhentheysubsti

tutedyoungboys’voices.“Makingthiskindoffinedistinctionsinhumanvoicepatternsisquiteremarkable，”saidEm

oryUniversityanimalcognitionexpertFransdeWaal，whowasnotpartofthestudy.【解题导语】研究表明野生大象能够识别男人、女人和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对

他们产生威胁。1．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．FransdeWaalandKarenMcComb.B．Dr.SeussandGraemeShannon.C．GraemeSha

nnonandFransdeWaal.D．KarenMcCombandGraemeShannon.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“studyauthorKarenMcComb”和第六段中的“studyco－authorGraemeShannon”可知，KarenMcComb和GraemeS

hannon都参加了研究，故选D项。2．Whatcanwildelephantsbenefitfromtheirspecialability?A．Identifyingandavoidingpossibledanger.B．Growingmuchfasterthananyo

theranimals.C．Havingabetterunderstandingofhumans.D．Developingtheirlanguageskills.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Scientistssayth

isisanadvancedthinkingskillthatotheranimalshaven’tshown.Itletselephantsfigureoutwhoisathreatandwhoisn’t”可知，这种高等的思维方式使野象能够分

辨出谁能对它们造成威胁，这样它们可以避免可能的危险，故A项是正确的。3．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“substituted”inthelastparagraph?A．Distinguished.B．R

epeated.C．Used.D．Compared.C解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“Thesamethinghappened”指的是前一句中的“theanimalsreactedlessdefensively”，画线词

所在句讲的是野象对年轻男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，故选C项。4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Wildelephantscandistinguishhumanlan

guages.B．Theconflictbetweenhumansandwildelephantsisgrowing.C．Wildelephantsuselanguageskillstomakediscrimination.D．Wildelephantscanbuildupgo

odmemoryandlearntricks.A解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Wildelephantscantellwhetheravoicecomesfromaman，awomanoraboy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄，故选A项(野

象能够区分人类的语言)。B(2018·陕西部分学校第一学期摸底检测)Fromyoungkidstofitnesslovers，tothoselookingforalaugh,ortofamilieslookingforafreemovienight,AtlanticStation

preparessomedaysforthemtoenjoythisyear.TotSpot—EachTuesdaymorning,AtlanticStation’sCentralParktransformsintoeverychild’sdreampla

yground!From10：00a．m.tonoon,kidscanenjoygames,storytelling,toys,musicandsomeveryspecialthings.ThiseventbeginsonApril5andlaststhroughS

eptember27.WellnessWednesday—EachWednesdayfrom6：30p．m.to7：30p．m.,AtlanticStation’sCentralParkbecomesthep

erfectplacetofindquietnessofthemindandbodywhileinstructorsleadgueststhroughexercisesincludingyogaandmore.WellnessWednesdaywelcomesallagesandski

lllevels.ThiseventbeginsonApril6andlaststhroughSeptember28.ImprovinthePark—WholeWorldTheatre,Atlanta’spremierimprovgroup,hasonceagainpartneredwithAtl

anticStationtobringafamily­friendlynightofcomedytotheCentralParkonthefirstWednesdayofeachmonthuntilSeptember.Bringablanket,relaxunderthestarsandp

reparetolaughuntilyourstomachhurts!Thehour-longshowbeginsat8：00p．m.ThiseventoccursonApril5,May4,June1,July6andAugust3.MoviesintheCentralPark—

EachThursdaynightatdusk,guestsareinvitedtobringchairs,blankets,to­gosnacksandpicnicstoAtlanticStation’sCentralPark.Allo

utdoorscreeningsareavailable,weatherpermitting,sokeepyourfingerscrossedfornoTheWizardofOz-typestorms!Besur

etoarriveearlytofindagoodseat.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了大西洋站几个可以让人们放松自己、享受生活和获得乐趣的活动。5．Motherscantaketheirkidswho

likelisteningtostoriesto________．A．TotSpotB．ImprovintheParkC．WellnessWednesdayD．MoviesintheCentralParkA解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“From10：00a．m.ton

oon,kidscanenjoygames,storytelling,toys,musicandsomeveryspecialthings”可知，从上午10点到中午，在TotSpot活动中孩子们可以做游戏、讲故事、玩玩具、听音乐等。结合选项可知，想听故事的孩子们可以去参加TotSpot

活动，故A项正确。6．WhencanyoudoyogawithaninstructorinAtlanticStation’sCentralPark?A．OneachTuesdayfrom6：30p．m.to7：30p．m.inA

ugust.B．OneachTuesdaymorningfrom10：00a．m.tonooninJuly.C．At8：00p．m.onApril5,May4,June1,July6andAugust3.D．On

eachWednesdayat7：00p．m.inJuneandJuly.D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“EachWednesdayfrom6：30p．m.to7：30p．m...includingyogaandmore”和“Thiseventbegins...Septemb

er28”可知，4月6日到9月28日的每个星期三下午6：30到7：30，大西洋站中央公园成为人们寻求心灵宁静和身体放松的地方，有指导者带领客人做包括瑜伽和其他活动在内的练习。由此可知，D项符合题意。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Atl

anticStationsetsthedaysforgueststohavefun.B．TicketsforMoviesinCentralParkarehardtoget.C．MoviesintheCentralParkareshownonlyindoors.D．Onl

yteenagersarewelcometojoininWellnessWednesday.A解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段可知，AtlanticStation为客人安排时间和活动来让他们玩得开

心，故A项符合题意。C(2018·安徽合肥高三教学质量检测)SusanBrownellAnthonywasaladyaheadofhertime.Shefoughtforwomen’srightslongbeforetheybecameapopulariss

ue.SusanwasbornonFebruary15,1820,inAdams，Massachusetts.Atthattime,womenhadfewrights.Theycouldnotownproperty.Moneyearnedbyamarri

edwomanbelongedtoherhusband.Majordecisionsregardingchildrenweremadebythefathers.Womencouldnotvote.Attheageof15,Susanbecameaschoo

lteacher.Shetaughtfor15years.Thenshebeganorganizingwomen’sgroupstopromotecausesthatwereimportanttowomen.Sheh

elpedgainbettereducationalrightsforwomen.Shehelpedgivemarriedwomenpossessionoftheirearnings.AftertheCivi

lWar,Susanbecameveryinvolvedinthewomen’ssuffragemovement.Afteryearsoflecturing,writing，andappealingbySusanandotherwomen,somepartsoftheUnitedStatesc

hangedtheirlawstogivewomentherighttovote.ThefirststatewasWyomingin1869.OtherareasandstatesgraduallyfollowedWyoming’sdecision.It

wasnotuntil1920thattheU．S.Constitutionwaschangedtogiveallwomenvotingrights.SusanBrownellAnthonydiedin1906attheageof86.ShewaselectedtotheHallofFam

eforGreatAmericansin1950.ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantohavealikeness(肖像)ofherfaceonacoin.Itwasthe1979SusanBrownellAnthonydollar.【解题导

语】本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖SusanBrownellAnthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。8．WhatwasthesituationofAmericanwomenlikewhenSusanwasborn?A．Theyhadlows

ocialstatus.B．Theycouldvoteaftergettingmarried.C．Theymanagedmoneyfortheirhusbands.D．Theywereresponsib

lefordecision-making.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Atthattime,womenhadfewrights.Theycouldnotownproperty.Moneyearnedbyamarriedwomanbelong

edtoherhusband.Majordecisionsregardingchildrenweremadebythefathers.Womencouldnotvote.”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。

B、C和D项均与此表述不符。9．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Susan’steachingexperiences.B．Susan’seducationalback

ground.C．Susan’seffortstoabolishslavery.D．Susan’sfightingforwomen’scauses.D解析：段落大意题。通读第三段尤其是“Thenshebeganorganizingwomen’sgroupstopromote

causesthatwereimportanttowomen”可知，本段主要讲述SusanBrownellAnthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。10．Whatdoestheword“decision”inthefou

rthparagraphreferto?A．Promotingthesocialmovement.B．ChangingtheU．S.Constitution.C．Givingwomenvotingrights.D

．Unitingotherareasandstates.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“somepartsoftheUnitedStateschangedtheirlawstogivewomentherighttovote”可知，在SusanBrownellAnthony的努力下，美

国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。11．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheFirstAme

ricanWomantoInventCoinsB．TheProblemofWomen’sRightsintheU．S.C．TheMostPopularWomenOrganizationsD．APione

erinFightingforWomen’sRightsD解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖SusanBrownellAnthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。D(2018·

福州市高三毕业班适应性练习)Inthisdayandage,itmayseemthatgettingtwopeoplewithdifferentviewstogethertodiscussthemisarecipefordisaster.Just

thinkaboutwhatwouldhappenifyousatdownandhadanopenandhonestconversationwithsomeonewithcompletelyopposingviews.Coulditbringyoucl

osertogether?However，theHumanLibraryorganizationiscountingonit.AtaHumanLibrary,peoplevolunteertobecome“books”andmaketheirexperi

encesopenandavailable.“Readers”areencouragedtoaskthemquestionsfreely，andthey’llgethonestanswersinreturn.Therearenojudgments，andnoquestionst

hatareofflimits.Youwon’tfindunpleasantcomments，andyouwon’tlosefaithinhumanity.AttheHumanLibrary,youactuallyfeelbetterabo

uttheworldyoulivein.Youmightevenmakeanewfriend!“Thehumanbooksconsistofpeoplewhohavebeendiscriminatedbysociety，”saidRonniAbergel，theHu

manLibraryorganization’sfounder，whohassetouttobuildspaceforconversationsthatcanchallengeprejudicesthroughdialogue.“Themostpleasantly

surprisingthingaboutitishowcloseallthehumanbooksbecometooneanother，”hesaid.HumanLibrarieshelptoremindustherereallyismorewhatunitesust

handividesus.Andaseventsnowspreadthroughout82countries，withtheHumanLibrariesevensettolaunchsooninPakistanandJordan，youcantellthatisasharedfee

ling.“Wecanspendbillionsandbillionsontryingtobuilduphomelandsecurityandoursafety，butrealsafetycomesfromhavingpositiverelationstoothe

rgroupsinyourcommunity，”saidAbergel.“Realsafetyisnotgoingtocomefrombuildingwalls.It’sgoingtocomefromreachingoutandgettingtoknoweachother.”【解题导语】本文是一篇

说明文，主要介绍了HumanLibrary组织的发展、主旨和活动。12．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphimply?A．Heateddiscussionsareoftencarriedoutamongpeople.B．Opendialoguecan’talwaysl

eadtocloserelations.C．Peoplewithopposingviewsarenothonestenough.D．Wetendtohaveopendialoguewithpeoplearoundus.B解析：推理判断题。根

据第一段第一句可知，让两个持有不同观点的人来讨论他们的观点似乎是一种灾难。据此可以判断，开放交谈并不总是能让关系亲密，故B项正确。13．WhatwillreadersgetataHumanLibrar

y?A．Afairjudgment.B．Unpleasantcomments.C．Anavailableexperience.D．Regainingconfidence.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“AttheHumanLibrary,you

actuallyfeelbetterabouttheworldyoulivein”可知，在真人图书馆，你会感觉到你所生活的世界更加美好，从而恢复自信，故D项正确。14．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethe

underlinedword“launch”inPara.6inmeaning？A．Accelerate.B．Substitute.C．Succeed.D．Start.D解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段第二句中的“Andaseventsnowspreadthroughout82countri

es，withtheHumanLibrariesevensettolaunchsooninPakistanandJordan”可知，随着该活动在82个国家开展，HumanLibrary甚至将很快在巴基斯坦和约旦启动。据此可以判断，画线词意为“开始，启动”，故

D项正确。15．WhatdidAbergeladvisepeopletodotogetrealsafety?A．Strengthenbondsbetweenpeople.B．Joinothergroupsinthecommun

ity.C．Pulldownwallsbetweencommunities.D．Spendlessmoneyonhomelandsecurity.A解析：细节理解题。根据第七段最后Abergel所说的话“Realsafetyisnotgoingtocomefrombu

ildingwalls.It’sgoingtocomefromreachingoutandgettingtoknoweachother.”可知，Abergel认为，真正的安全不是来自建筑城墙，而是来自伸出援手和相互了解，故A项正确。Ⅱ七选五(2018·潍坊模拟)Te

mpertantrums(发怒)rangefromcryingtoscreaming，kicking，hitting，andbreathholding.They’reequallycommoninboysandgirls

andmostlyhappenbetweentheagesofonetothree.1．________，andothershavethemrarely.Tantrumsareanormalpartofchilddevelopment.Theyarethewayyoungchildrenshowt

hey’reupsetorfrustrated(沮丧的)．Tantrumsmayhappenwhenkidsaretired，hungry，oruncomfortable；orbecausetheycan’tgetsomething(forexample，anobjectorap

arent)todowhattheywant.2.________．Tantrumsarecommonduringthesecondyearoflife，atimewhenlanguageskillsarestartingtodevelop.Becauseyoungch

ildrenatthisagecan’tyetsaywhattheywant，feel，orneed，afrustratingexperiencemaycauseatantrum.3.________．4．________—morethantheymaybeab

letohandle.Thiscanleadtopowerstrugglesasachildthinks“Icandoitmyself”or“Iwantit，giveittome”．Whenkidsdisc

overthattheycan’tdoitandcan’thaveeverythingtheywant，theymayhaveatantrum.Sotrytopreventtantrumsfromhappeninginthefirst

place，wheneverpossible.Giveplentyofpositiveattention.Getinthehabitofcatchingyourchildbeinggood.Rewardyourlittleonewithp

raiseandattentionforpositivebehaviors.Mostimportantly，keepyourcoolwhenrespondingtoatantrum.Don’tcomplicatetheproblemwithyourownfrustrationorang

er.5.________．Soyouneedtobecalm，too.A．SomekidsmaysmileallthedayB．SomekidsmayhavetantrumsoftenC．Youmaywonderhowlongatantrum

willlastD．Aslanguageskillsimprove，tantrumstendtodecreaseE．KidswantindependenceandcontrolovertheirenvironmentF．Learningtodeal

withfrustrationisaskillthatchildrengainovertimeG．Remindyourselfthatyourjobishelpingyourchildlearntocalmdown【解题导语】本文是一篇科普类说明文。文章介绍了1岁到3岁的孩子容易发怒的

原因及这种情绪得到缓解的原因，告诫家长应当遇事冷静，并帮助孩子们养成冷静的习惯。1．B解析：根据上文“They’reequallycommoninboysandgirlsandmostlyhappenbetweentheagesofonetothree.”可知，1岁到3岁的孩子发怒很正常；

结合该句中的“andothershavethemrarely”可知，一些孩子可能会经常发怒，但是另一些孩子很少发怒。故B项正确。2．F解析：空格处在该段结尾，其作用是总结该段内容并引起下段内容；通读该段内容可知，该段主要陈述孩子发怒是表现他们不开心或沮丧的方式，下段内容是说随着年龄的增长，孩子们

的语言技能得到提升，他们也就不那么容易发怒了。F项“久而久之，孩子们就拥有处理这种沮丧的技能了”承上启下。故F项正确。3．D解析：根据空格上一句可知，处在这个年龄阶段的孩子由于无法用言语表达他们的需要，所以会发怒。D项“随着语言技能的提高，发怒的行为将会减少”

承接上文，符合语境。故D项正确。4．E解析：根据该段第二句可知，孩子们总是在想“我能自己完成”或者“我想要，给我吧”；据此可以判断，E项“孩子们总是想要独立并控制他们的环境”与该段内容相符。故E项正确。5．G解析：根据空格后一句可知，该处建议遇到

问题首先自己要冷静。G项“你要想着你的工作就是帮你的孩子学会冷静”与此构成因果关系，衔接紧密。故G项正确。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Iworriedaboutmyperson

alimageandhowIcouldberememberedduringmyboyhood.Inthefifthgrade，thereseemedtobeonlyone__1__—tobecool.Inthesixthgrade，suddenly，thereweretwochoices：be

cool，orbeinvisible.__2__，oneday，whenateacherhadusfilloutaquestionnairewith__3__questions，Ifoundthe__4__op

tion.Assuming(假定)theteacherwouldreadouranswersprivately，Ifeltitwas__5__tosharemyprivacy.Tomy__6__，she

collectedandredistributed(重新分发)themtous.Wewereaskedto__7__thenameandourthreefavoriteanswerstothewholec

lass.Myanswerswenttothemeanestboyinclass.Thefirstquestionwas“What’syourfavoritemovie？”MyanswerwasBeautyand

theBeast.Alaugheruptedandmycheeks__8__．Thenextwas“Wherewouldyouliketotravel？”Myanswerwas__9__special—“Whereverabooktakesme.”The__10__thistimehad

anexplosivequality.Icould__11__rememberwhathappenednext；allthatIhadinmindwasthelaughter.Butsomethingamazinghappened.A(n)__1

2__came，“Guys，cutitout.”Theroomwent__13__．It’sMichelleSiever，apopularandcoolgirl.Thenshe__14__，“Whyar

eyoulaughing？Whatisthepointof__15__ifwejustlaughatothers？”Ican’tremembertheteacherorotherkids’names，butIrememberMichelle’sWhenshe__16__forme

thatday，she__17__meweactuallyhavethreechoicesifwewanttoberemembered.Becool，andyoumightberemembered__18__．Stayinvisible，andyouwon’tberememberedatal

l.Butifyoustandup__19__someonewhenheorshe__20__youmost，thenyouwillberememberedastheirherofortherestoftheirlif

e.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在老师组织的全班问卷调查活动中，“我”的回答引起全班同学哄堂大笑，这时一个女生站起来帮助“我”走出困境。同时，“我”明白了一个道理：在别人需要你的时候站出来会被别人永远记住。1．A.toolB．choiceC．chanceD．purposeB解析：根据空后一句中

的“Inthesixthgrade，suddenly，thereweretwochoices”可知，此处表示，在五年级，似乎只有一个选择(choice)来让别人记住自己——装酷。2．A.HoweverB．Inaddition

C．ThereforeD．InfactA解析：根据下文内容可知，老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事使“我”改变了原先的看法，故前后为转折关系。所以选A。3．A.personalB．funnyC．variousD．strangeA解析：根据下文中的“sharemyprivacy”可推知，此处表示老师

要求回答的是我们的私人(personal)问题。所以选A。4．A.wrongB．formerC．thirdD．latterC解析：根据上文内容可知，到六年级，“我”突然认为被别人记住有两个选择，但是通过老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事，“我”发现了第三种选

择。所以选C。5．A.terribleB．safeC．nervousD．interestingB解析：根据上文内容可知，假如老师私下阅读我们的回答，“我”就感觉分享的隐私是安全的(safe)。所以选B。6．A.surpriseB．anxietyC．delightD．expe

ctationA解析：根据下文可知，老师没有私下阅读我们的回答而是重新分发，让同学之间互读，这种做法让“我”感到吃惊。所以选A。7．A.repeatB．rememberC．compareD．readD8．A.achedB．paledC．changedD．burnedD解析：根据空前的“Alaugh

erupted”及常识可知，“我”对第一个问题的回答引起了同学们的大笑，由此可知，“我”当时面颊发烫(burned)。选项D符合语境。9．A.evenB．stillC．neverD．alwaysB解析：根据下文中的“thistimehadanexplosivequality”可知

，“我”对第二个问题的回答仍然(still)是特别的，因此这一次笑声(laughter)更加强烈。still“仍然，还是”，符合语境。10．A.laughterB．questionC．airD．classA11．A.nearly

B．exactlyC．hardlyD．surelyC解析：根据空后的“allthatIhadinmindwasthelaughter”可知，此处指“我”几乎不能(hardly)记得后面发生了什么，所以选C。12．A.re

questB．messageC．orderD．voiceD解析：根据下文中的“Guys，cutitout”可知，MichelleSiever的声音(voice)传来，所以选D。13．A.crazyB．silentC．angryD．

emptyB解析：根据上下文可知，这个声音使整个房间安静(silent)了下来。14．A.announcedB．smiledC．addedD．stoppedC解析：根据空后的两个问句可知，MichelleSiever继续

在说，即补充道(added)。15．A.talkingB．chattingC．arguingD．sharingD解析：根据全文的内容，尤其是老师要求我们填调查问卷然后交换并在全班朗读这一活动过程可知，

这是同学们之间的一次交流分享(share)活动。所以选D。16．A.talkedaboutB．calmeddownC．leftbehindD．spokeupD解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”对两个问题的回答

引起全班的大笑，这时MichelleSiever的话使全班安静下来，据此可推断她在替“我”辩护。所以选D。speakup(forsb./sth.)“(尤指为„„)说好话，辩护”。17．A.remindedB．promisedC．sh

owedD．persuadedC解析：她替“我”辩护这件事向“我”展示(showed)了如果想要被人们记住，我们有三种选择。所以选C。18．A.forawhileB．finallyC．againandagainD．hopefullyA解析：通过这件事，“我”知道装酷只能被别人记住

一时(forawhile)。所以选A。19．A.beforeB．withC．forD．byC解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”之所以能够摆脱困境是因为MichelleSiever为“我”辩护。所以“我”总结出想要被别人记住

的第三种选择是：当人们需要(needs)你时，你站出来为(for)他们说话，这样你就会被他们当作英雄一样被铭记一生。所以选C。20．A.missesB．needsC．valuesD．lovesBⅡ语法填空Dogsare1.____________ve

rypopularpet.Mostofthemjustlivewiththeirfamilies.Butsomedogshaveveryspecialjobs2.____________(do)．Agroupofdogs3.____________(know)as“Th

erapyDogs”．Thesedogsarefamilypetswithspecialtraining,4.____________allowsthemtogointopublicbuildingsandcomfo

rtpeople5.____________need.Thedogsaretrainedtobecalmandquiet.Loudnoisesandunfamiliarplacesdon’tfrightenthe

m.Theyenjoyspendingtimewithpeople.Sometherapydogsgointoplaces,suchashospitalsandnursinghomes.Whenthedogsvis

itthepatients,thepatientsarecheeredup.Theyhavefun6.____________(pet)thedogsandlookforwardtotheirvisits.The

dogshelptobrightentheirday.Therapydogscanimprovepeople’shealthaswell.Studiesshowthatwhenpeoplepetanimals,

theirblood7.____________(press)andheartratesgodown.Theyarecalmerand8.____________(they)moodimproves.Othertherapydogsworkinschools

andlibraries.Theyserveaswarmandcaring9.____________(friend)tochildren,buttheyalsodo10.____________(much)．InonetowninCalifornia,therapydogs

havebecomechildren’sreadingbuddies.Thedogsmakeagreataudience.Thechildrenlookforwardtoreadingtothedogs,andthedogslovetheattent

ion.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有着特殊用途的狗——治疗犬。它们能给病人带来心理上的安慰，能成为孩子的朋友。1．a解析：考查冠词。依据本句中的“verypopularpet”可知，此处应用不定冠词，表示泛指。2

．todo解析：考查固定用法。本句中应用不定式作后置定语，havesth.todo表示“要做某事”。3．areknown解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句话缺少谓语动词，“agroupof＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，dogs与know是

动宾关系，此处描述的是一般情况，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。4．which解析：考查定语从句。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为“specialtraining”。5．in解析：考查介词。由句意可知，这些治疗犬可以到公共场所安抚那些需

要帮助的人。inneed表示“在困难时，在危难之中”，为固定搭配。6．petting解析：考查非谓语动词。havefun(in)doingsth.表示“做某事有乐趣”。7．pressure解析：考查名词。分析

句子结构可知，此处应用名词。bloodpressure表示“血压”。8．their解析：考查代词。修饰名词mood要用形容词性物主代词，故用their。9．friends解析：考查名词的数。根据句子的主语They可知，此处用名词复数。10．more解析：考查比较级。句中的but暗示这些狗

对孩子来讲不仅仅是朋友，它们会做得更多。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词

的正确形式。(2018·临沂模拟)GregoryKloehnisanartist61.____________useshisskillsforareallyworthycause—buildinghomesforthehomeless.Makin

guseofrecycledmaterialsfoundonthestreet,hecreatessmallmobilehomes,eachaboutthesize62.____________asofa.Thesehomescomewithpitchedroofstokeepouttherai

nand63.____________(wheel)atthebottomformobility.Sofar,he’sbuiltabout10sheltersthroughthe“HomelessHomesProj

ect”，andhopestocreate64.____________(much)inthefuture.65．____________they’renotmadeofmuch,thetinyhomesaremorethanenoughforsomeo

newithnootherplace66.____________(sleep)in.Theyarepaintedinbrightcolorsandhaveafewoddelements—likewashing

machinedoorsforwindowsandminivantopsforroofs.“Before,I67.____________(be)allaboutsculpture,butIrealizeditjustsitsthere，”hesaid.“Andyou’rejustse

llingittorichpeople.Ikindofthinkifyou’reputtingsomucheffortintosomethingmorevaluable,itwouldbe68.____________(good

)．”He69.____________(write)abookcalledHomelessArchitectureatthetime,70.____________(admire)howtheywereabletorecyclealldayandmakeh

omesoutofalmostnothing.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了艺术家GregoryKloehn用自己的技能为无家可归的人建房子的故事。61．who/that解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空

格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“anartist”，指人，且在从句中作主语。故填who/that。62．of解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，Gregory创造了一些小的移动房屋，每个房屋都跟沙发一样大小。of表示所属关系，符合语境。故填of。

63．wheels解析：考查名词复数。根据常识可知，移动房屋的轮子应该有多个；且wheel为可数名词。故填wheels。64．more解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据上文中的“he’sbuiltabout10shelters”可知，此处指Gregor

y希望在未来建造更多的移动房屋。故填more。65．Although/Though/While解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，尽管这些房屋没有用到很多东西，但对于那些没有其他地方睡觉的人来说已经足够了。故填Although/Though/While，引导让步状语从句。注意首字母

大写。66．tosleep解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非谓语动词。故填动词不定式tosleep，作“place”的后置定语。67．was解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“Before”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填was。68．better解析：考查形容词的比

较级。句意：我有点认为如果你对更有价值的东西投入大量努力，它就会变得更好。根据“morevaluable”可知，此处也应用比较级形式。故填better。69．wrote解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“atthetime”可知，此处应用一般过去时，指Gregor

y过去写过一本叫作HomelessArchitecture的书。故填wrote。70．admiring解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词，且动词admire与主语“He”为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词

作状语。故填admiring。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每

处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018

·山西四校联考)ItwasonSundaysoIdidn’thavetogotoschoolasusually.Myparentswenttothecountrysidetoseemygrandparents,leftmealone.Afterfinishingm

yhomework,Ibegantoplayfootballathome.Allofasudden,Ikickedtheballsohardlythatitflewrightontoavaseandbrokeit.Itwasgreatfavoriteofm

ymother’s.Idecidedtotellmyparentsitwasthefaultofthecatforfearthatshewouldpunishme.Therefore,whentheygothome,Ihesitated

foramomentandtoldthemthattrulyhappened.Insteadofpunishingme,theyjusthopedthatIwillnevermakesoafoolishmistakeag

ain.答案：Itwason＼SundaysoIdidn’thavetogotoschoolasusuallyusual.Myparentswenttothecountrysidetoseemygrand

parents,leftleavingmealone.Afterfinishingmyhomework,Ibegantoplayfootballathome.Allofasudden,Ikickedtheballsohard

lyhardthatitflewrightontoavaseandbrokeit.Itwas∧agreatfavoriteofmymother’s.Idecidedtotellmyparentsitwasthefault

ofthecatforfearthatshetheywouldpunishme.ThereforeHowever，whentheygothome,Ihesitatedforamomentandtoldthemthatwhattrul

yhappened.Insteadofpunishingme,theyjusthopedthatIwillwouldnevermakesosuchafoolishmistakeagain.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·山东青岛考前适应性测试)假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Peter发

邮件说，他正在学汉语，但感觉很吃力，请求你给予帮助。请给他回封邮件，内容包括：1．举例说明汉语学习的特点；2．提供一些可行的建议。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________

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__________________________________Onepossibleversion：DearPeter，Hopethise-mailfindsyouwell!LasttimeyousaidyouwerelearningChinesebute

ncounteredsomedifficulties.It’sinevitablebecauseEnglishemphasizesthestructure,whileChinesefocusesonthemeaning.Withre

gardtothematteryoumentionedinyourletter,mysuggestionsareasfollows.Firstly,Iwouldrecommendyoutofindanativespeakerasalanguagepartner,andmeetwi

thhimonaregularbasis.Besides,watchingChinesemoviesandlisteningtoChinesesongscanmakethelearningprocessmuchmoreinteresting.Thosearethetipsonmymind

now.Iwouldalwaysbepleasedtoofferyouhelp.Idohopeyouwillfindtheseproposalspractical.Yourssincerely，LiHua