【文档说明】高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练1（含解析）.doc，共(12)页，76.500 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.ichengzhen.cn/view-49559.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（1）APollution’sgreateffectsontheenvironmenthavebecomemoreobviousinrecentyears,leadingtoamovementto

promoteenergyefficiency（效率）,lessrelianceonfossil（化石)fuels,andareductioninairandwaterpollution.Mostscientistsagreethatsuchchangesarenecessar

ytoprotectourenvironmentfromfurtherharm.Theconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamount

ofpollution.IntheUnitedStates,buildinganddevelopmentaccountfor39%ofthecountry’stotalenergyuse,12%oftotalwaterconsumption,68%oftotale

lectricityconsumptionand38%ofcarbondioxideemissions（二氧化碳排放）,accordingtotheEnvironmentProtectionAgency.Greenbuildin

gsuselessenergy,water,createlesswaste,andarehealthiertolive,work,andgotoschoolinthanstandardbuildings.Buildersofgreenbuil

dingsusetechniquesthatuseresourcesmoreefficientlyduringtheentirebuildingcycle—construction,restoration,op

eration,maintenance（维护）anddemolition（拆毁）—thanthosewhoconstructmoreregularbuildings.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofbuildinggreenincludetheprotection

ofecosystems（生态系统）andbiodiversity,improvedairandwaterquality,lesswasteflowingintostreams,andtheprotec

tionofnaturalresources.Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewe

rmaterialsandimproveindoorairquality,improvingthehealthofpeoplewholiveinsuchbuildings.Theprocessofbuildinggreenin

cludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithnatureprotectioninmind.Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandn

aturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw.Inaddition,recycledresourcesfoundlo

callyareusedforgreenbuildings,reducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmaterialsoverlongdistances.Carefulsiteselectio

nisimportanttominimize（最小化）humanimpactonthesurroundingenvironment.Forexample,placingastructureinanareathatallowsitt

otakeadvantageofcoolbreezes（微风）andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses.Moreenergyandexpenseareneededforlargerbuildingsas

well,soitisimportanttobuildsmall.Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcost.Theseroofsarepartlyorcompletelycoveredwit

hplants,whichhelpstokeepheatingandcoolingcosts,preventwaterrunningoffanddealwithpollutants.Otherfeaturesofgreenbuildingsoftenin

cludeenergyandwaterconservation,recycling,andwastereduction.Inaddition,renewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower,hydropower（水能）a

ndwindpowerareusedforheatandelectricity,whichgreatlyreducescostsanddecreasestheimpactontheenvironment.1.Whatist

hetextmainlyabout?A.Thenecessityofpromotingenergyefficiency.B.Theprocessofbuildinggreenbuildings.C.The

benefitsandfeaturesofgreenbuildings.D.Greenbuildingseffectsontheenvironment.2.Accordingtothetext,green

buildingsrefertothebuildingsthat______.A.producenowasteB.onlyusecleanenergyC.aremadeofrecycledmaterialsD.useenergyandresourcesmoreefficiently3

.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutgreenbuildings?A.Theyrelyonfossilfuelsandsolarpowerforheatandelectricity.B.Smallbuildingsarelessefficientine

nergyusethanlargerones.C.Theecosystemhastobeconsideredwhenbuildingagreenbuilding.D.Theyaredifficulttomaintainandthusneedmor

eoperatingcosts.4.Whyaregreenroofsused?A.TheyfitthesurroundingenvironmentwellB.TheyarecheaperthanotherkindsofroofsC.Theycankeepnatu

ralwaterforuseineverydaylifeD.Theycanhelptocontrolthetemperatureinthebuildingwell【文章大意】在本文中作者主要分析了greenbuilding的诸多好处和对环境的巨大的保护作用，呼吁人们多建设这样的绿色的建

筑。1.C【解析】主旨大意题。本文第三段中Greenbuildingsuselessenergy,water,createlesswaste,andarehealthiertolive,work,orgotoschoolin

thanstandardbuildings.Greenbuildingsuseresourcesmoreproperlyduringtheentirebuildingcyclethantraditionalbuilding.和倒数第二段

第一句Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcost.倒数第一段第一句Otherfeaturesofgreenbuildingsoftenincludeenergyandwaterco

nservation,recycling,andwastereduction.可知本文主要讲述的是Greenbuildings的很多的好处和特征。故C正确。3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Thee

nvironmentalbenefitsofbuildinggreenincludetheprotectionofecosystems（生态系统）andbiodiversity,improvedairandwa

terquality,lesswasteflowingintostreams,andtheprotectionofnaturalresources.由此可知，建造绿色建筑时必须考虑生态系统。故选C。4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Theseroofsarepart

lyorcompletelycoveredwithplants,whichhelpstokeepheatingandcoolingcosts,preventwaterrunningoffanddealwithpollutants.可知，他们可以帮助控制大楼里的温度。故选D。BManypeo

plerush_into_the_commitment_of_bringing_home_a_four­legged_family_member，onlytofindoutthattheyarenotreadyforapet.Thisoftenresultsinthedogbeingtu

rnedovertoashelterwhereitmaynotfindanotherhome.Thiscanbeavoidedifpotentialpetownerstakethetimetofigureoutiftheyaretrulyreadyfort

heresponsibilitiesofpetownership.Beingaresponsiblepetownerinvolvesafinancialcommitmentthatgoesbeyondbuyingdogfood.Therearealsoparasit

e(寄生虫)prevention，boardingcostswhiletravelingandthecosttocareforthepetshoulditbecomeillorinjured.Thatisnottosay

thatonemustberichinordertohaveadog，butitisimportanttobepreparedfortheexpensesthatcomewithbeingapetowner.Anotherconsidera

tionisthetimecommitment.Anownerawayfromhomefor14hourseverydayisnotanidealsituationforadog.Apotentialdogownermustalso

considerthetimeittakestocareforhisorherpet，thetimeittakestofeed，walk，playwith，batheandcleanup.Also，dogsrequireattention.Bep

reparedtospendtimeeachdaypettingandplayingwithit.Dogsaredogs，andwillactlikedogs.Thisincludesbarking，digging，havingaccide

ntsinthehouseand，possibly，destroyingsomeoftheowner’sprizedpossessions，suchasfurniture，shoesandcellphones.Ifthe

abovewouldcauseanownertowanttogetridofthedog，thenheorsheisnotyetreadytobeapetowner.Manywonderfulpetsendupin

shelterssimplybecausetheyactedlikedogs!1．Whomightbequalifiedtobeadogowner，accordingtothetext?A．Kari，ateacherwhow

orkseighthoursaday.B．Jim，whohasadaughtersensitivetodog’ssmell.C．Dick，ajoblessteenagerwhocanhardlypayhisrent.D．Steven，abusinessmanwhotravelsalotonbusi

ness.2．TobearesponsibledogowneryouneedtodoallthefollowingEXCEPT________．A．buyingdogfoodandfeedingitB．takingittohospita

lwhennecessaryC．spendingtimeeachdayplayingwithitD．findingashelterforitwhenyouareboredwithit3．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthefirstparagraphprobablymea

n?A．Rushtoadoptadogformally.B．Committobuyadogandtakeithome.C．Runintoapetshelterandtakeonehomesoquickly.D．Decidetobeapet

ownerwithoutthinkingaboutitcarefully.4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．DogsAreDogsB．ReadyforaPet?C．HaveTimeforaDog?D．PetsAreFamilyMembers【解题导语】本文

是一篇议论文。如果想领养宠物需要先做好思想准备，需要在经济上和时间上对宠物有所付出，从而做一位负责任的宠物主人。1．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Anownerawayfromhomefor14hourseverydayisnotanideals

ituationforadog.”并结合选项可知，作为老师的Kari每天工作八小时，有充分的时间照顾狗，因此他(她)可能有资格成为狗的主人。故选A。2．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Thisoftenresultsinthedogbeingturnedovertoashelt

erwhereitmaynotfindanotherhome.Thiscanbeavoidedifpotentialpetownerstakethetimetofigureoutiftheyaretrulyre

adyfortheresponsibilitiesofpetownership.”可知，当你把狗带回家却没有做好准备照顾它时，这只能导致它被移交到一个庇护所去，这不是一个负责任的主人应做的事。故选D。3．解析：选D。句意理解题。根据第一段画线部分后的“onl

ytofindoutthattheyarenotreadyforapet”可知，许多人发现他们并没有为宠物做好准备，由此结合选项可推知，许多人决定成为宠物的主人没有经过认真考虑。故选D。4．解析：选B。标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句中“iftheyaretrulyreadyforthe

responsibilitiesofpetownership”，并结合下文可知，文章主要谈的是想要饲养宠物前你是否做好了准备，因此“ReadyforaPet？”可作为最佳标题。故选B。CInbusiness,thereis

aspeeddifference:It'sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantafirmsleaderssayspeedistotheircompetitive(竞争的)stra

tegy（策略）andhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves.Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.Companiesf

earfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.Inourstudyof343bu

sinesses,thecompaniesthatchoosetogo,go,gototrytogainanedgeendedupwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpaused

atkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack,What’smore,thefirmsthat“sloweddowntospeedup“improvedtheir

topandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearperiod.Howdidtheydisobeyt

helawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter?Theythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat“slower”and“faster”me

an.Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationspeed(movingquickly)andstrategicspeed(reducingthetimeittakesto

delivervalue).Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction,forexample,maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference.Butthatoftenl

eadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflower-qualityproductsandservices.Inourstudy,higher-performingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhen

necessary.Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion.Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking.Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandle

arn.Bycontrast(相比而言),performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfastallthetime,paidtoomuchattentiontoimprovingefficiency,stucktotestedmeth

ods,didn’tdevelopteamspiritamongtheiremployees,andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges.Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.Teams

thatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.

Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“gainanedge”inParagraph2mean?A.Increasethespeed.B.Getanadva

ntage.C.Reachthelimit.D.Setagoal.()2.Theunderlinedpart“thelawsofbusinessphysics”inParagraph3means___________.A.spendingmoretimeandpe

rformingworse.B.spendingmoretimeandperformingbetterC.spendinglesstimeandperformingworseD.spendinglesstimeandperformin

gbetter()3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.howfastafirmmovesdependsonhowbigitis.B.howcompetitiveafirmisdependsonwhatitproduces.C.Firmsguidedbystrategicsp

eedtaketimetomakenecessarychanges.D.Firmsguidedbyoperationalspeedtaketimetodevelopnecessaryteamspirit.()4.Whi

chcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Improvequality?Servebetter.B.Delivervalue?Ploughahead.C.Reducetime?Movefaster.D.Needspeed?Slowdown.【参考答案】1---4、BD

CDD(2015·河北七校高三联合考试)Name：OfftheBeatenPathCoverprice:$30.00Ourprice:$19.80TheReader’sDigesttravelbookhas40%newcontentsincludingover200new

sites，over200newfull­colorphotographs，andall­new，up­to­datemaps.Itspotlightsover1，000oftheUnitedStates’mostoverlo

okedmust­seedestinations.Name：ContainerGardensbyNumberCoverprice:$15.95Ourprice:$9.49Auniquebookcontains50easy­to­followcontainerdesigns.Each

designprovidesasimplenumberedplantingplanthatshowsexactlyhowtocreateeachdisplay，withaninstructionofthefinishedplanterandin­depth(深入的)plantinforma

tion.Theplansareeasytofollowandforanytypeoflivingspaceorgarden.Name：BestWeekendProjectsCoverprice:$17.95Ourprice:$13.96Choos

efrom80uniqueideastocreateanextraordinarylivingspace.Theprojectsarepractical，aswellasattractive，andwillimprovey

ourhomeandyardandcanbemadeinaweekend.These80well­designedprojectsarepresentedinaclear，easy­to­followstylethataddressesreadersinanacc

essible，user­friendlytone.Name：1801HomeRemediesCoverprice:$40.00Ourprice:$29.96Plentyofhealthcomplaintscanbehandledathome.Eachandeveryremedywill

betestedbyadoctortomakesureitissafeandsound.Dozensofconditionsarecovered，fromheadaches，sunburn，badbreath，blisters(水泡)，all

ergies，tohiccups(打嗝)．1．Youcanmostprobablyreadthepassageina______．A．referencebookB．travelguideC．newspaperD．textbo

ok2．WhatmakesOfftheBeatenPathdifferentfromotherbooks?A．Itisthemostpopularbook.B．Itdoesn’tofferadiscount.C．Itcontainscolor

fulpictures.D．Itfocusesonpeople’sdailylife.3．Whichbookoffersthebiggestdiscount?A．OfftheBeatenPath.B．1801HomeRemedies.C．Be

stWeekendProjects.D．ContainerGardensbyNumber.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了四本实用的书。1．解析：选C。文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了四本实用的书，只有报纸较全面，故选C项。2．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据

文章对第一本书的介绍可知，该书中有200多个新的景点，200多幅新的彩色照片和最新的地图，故选C项。3．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文中提供的四本书的“Coverprice”和“Ourprice”价格计算比较可知，ContainerGardensbyNumber

打折最多，故选D项。EManypeoplerush_into_the_commitment_of_bringing_home_a_four­legged_family_member，onlytofindoutthatth

eyarenotreadyforapet.Thisoftenresultsinthedogbeingturnedovertoashelterwhereitmaynotfindanotherhome.Thiscanbeavoidedifpotentialpetownerstaketheti

metofigureoutiftheyaretrulyreadyfortheresponsibilitiesofpetownership.Beingaresponsiblepetownerinvolvesafinanci

alcommitmentthatgoesbeyondbuyingdogfood.Therearealsoparasite(寄生虫)prevention，boardingcostswhiletravelingandthecosttocareforthepetshoulditbe

comeillorinjured.Thatisnottosaythatonemustberichinordertohaveadog，butitisimportanttobepreparedfortheexpensesthatcomewithbeingapetowner.

Anotherconsiderationisthetimecommitment.Anownerawayfromhomefor14hourseverydayisnotanidealsituationforadog.Apotentialdogownermustalsoconsi

derthetimeittakestocareforhisorherpet，thetimeittakestofeed，walk，playwith，batheandcleanup.Also，dogsrequireattention.Bepreparedtospendtimeeac

hdaypettingandplayingwithit.Dogsaredogs，andwillactlikedogs.Thisincludesbarking，digging，havingaccidentsinthehouseand，possib

ly，destroyingsomeoftheowner’sprizedpossessions，suchasfurniture，shoesandcellphones.Iftheabovewouldcauseanownertowanttogetridofthedog，th

enheorsheisnotyetreadytobeapetowner.Manywonderfulpetsendupinshelterssimplybecausetheyactedlikedogs!1．Whomightbequalifi

edtobeadogowner，accordingtothetext?A．Kari，ateacherwhoworkseighthoursaday.B．Jim，whohasadaughtersensitiv

etodog’ssmell.C．Dick，ajoblessteenagerwhocanhardlypayhisrent.D．Steven，abusinessmanwhotravelsalotonbusiness.2．Tobearesponsibledogowneryouneedtodoa

llthefollowingEXCEPT________．A．buyingdogfoodandfeedingitB．takingittohospitalwhennecessaryC．spendingtimeeachdayplayingwithitD．findingashelterforitw

henyouareboredwithit3．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A．Rushtoadoptadogforma

lly.B．Committobuyadogandtakeithome.C．Runintoapetshelterandtakeonehomesoquickly.D．Decidetobeapetownerwithoutthinkingaboutitcarefully.4

．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．DogsAreDogsB．ReadyforaPet?C．HaveTimeforaDog?D．PetsAreFamilyMembers【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。如果想领养宠物需要先做好思想准备，需要在经济上和

时间上对宠物有所付出，从而做一位负责任的宠物主人。1．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Anownerawayfromhomefor14hourseverydayisnotanidealsituationforadog.”并结合

选项可知，作为老师的Kari每天工作八小时，有充分的时间照顾狗，因此他(她)可能有资格成为狗的主人。故选A。2．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Thisoftenresultsinthedogbeingturnedovertoas

helterwhereitmaynotfindanotherhome.Thiscanbeavoidedifpotentialpetownerstakethetimetofigureoutiftheyaretrulyreadyfortheresponsibilitiesofpe

townership.”可知，当你把狗带回家却没有做好准备照顾它时，这只能导致它被移交到一个庇护所去，这不是一个负责任的主人应做的事。故选D。3．解析：选D。句意理解题。根据第一段画线部分后的“onlytofindoutthattheyarenotreadyforapet”可

知，许多人发现他们并没有为宠物做好准备，由此结合选项可推知，许多人决定成为宠物的主人没有经过认真考虑。故选D。4．解析：选B。标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句中“iftheyaretrulyreadyfortheresponsibilitiesofpetownership”，并结合下文

可知，文章主要谈的是想要饲养宠物前你是否做好了准备，因此“ReadyforaPet？”可作为最佳标题。故选B。