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1高考英语重点词汇befuddle[bɪˈfʌdl]【中英文释义】toconfusesomeone使迷惑；使昏迷【记忆方法】①befuddle=be（去）+fuddle（狂饮、喝醉、灌醉）→使喝醉→使迷惑②fuddle→谐音“放倒”→灌醉【衍生词】befuddle

d（迷惑的、迷糊的、昏沉的）；befuddlement（迷惑）【synonym】baffle、bewilder、muddle、puzzle【例句】Federerhasawiderepertoireofclevershotsthatbef

uddleeventhebestofhisopponents.费德勒击球技巧高超多样，即使最强的对手也会被他迷惑。ineffable[ɪnˈefəbl]【中英文释义】causingsomuchemotion,es

peciallypleasure,thatitcannotbedescribed（尤指喜悦）言语难以表达的，不可言喻的【记忆方法】in-,不，非，ef-,向外，-fab,说出，词源同fable,phone.即不好说的，引申词义难

以言喻的【关联词】effable可表达的，能被说出来的【synonym】indescribable【phrase】ineffablejoy/beauty难以言表的喜悦/美丽unravel[ʌnˈrævl]【中英文释义】①bec

omeorcausetobecomeundonebyseparatingthefibersorthreadsof（把布、结或线团）解开；拆散②Ifyouunravelamysterious,unknown,orcomplicatedsubject,youmakeitk

nownorunderstood,andifitunravels,itbecomesknownorunderstood.弄清，阐明（谜团或复杂问题）；被澄清；被解决【记忆方法】un-,使相反，ravel,纠缠【synonym】clearup、resolve【例句】Iunravelle

dthestringandwounditintoaball.我把绳子解开并绕成一个球。ThediscoverywillhelpscientistsunravelthemysteryoftheIceAge.这一发现将

有助于科学家揭开冰川时代的奥秘。haphazard[hæpˈhæzəd]【中英文释义】nothavinganobviousorderorplan随意的;无计划的【记忆方法】hap,发生，运气，机会，hazard,风险，危害。即运气不好的，处于危险的，

引申词义杂乱的，随意的【synonym】aimless、casual、random【例句】Thebookshadbeenpiledontheshelvesinahaphazardfashion.书架上的书堆放得杂乱无序。vexing[veksɪŋ]【中英文释义】an

noying,worrying,orcausingproblems引起烦恼的；令人恼火的【synonym】annoying、troublesome【例句】Theshortageofqualifiedteachersremains

avexingproblem.有资质的老师数量短缺仍然是一个非常伤脑筋的问题。2discernible[dɪˈsɜːnəbl]【中英文释义】abletobeseenorunderstood能看出的；可辨别出的；能明白的【关联词】discernv.看出；辨别

出discernmentn.识别；洞察力discerningadj.有辨识能力的；眼光敏锐的【synonym】recognizable、apparent、perceivable、detectable、distinguishable【例句】Thedi

fferencebetweenthetwoisreadilydiscernible.两者之间的差别不难看出。hype[haɪp]【中英文释义】n.asituationinwhichsomethingisadvertise

danddiscussedinnewspapers,ontelevision,etc.alotinordertoattracteveryone'sinterest（新闻媒体的）大肆宣传，炒作v.大肆宣传，炒作【记忆方法】hy

pe→→谐音“嗨吧”→大肆宣传，炒作【例句】There'sbeenalotofhypearound/surroundinghislatestfilm.围绕他的最新影片进行了大规模的宣传。【词组】hypesbup使（某人）兴奋，使（某人）激动hypeupsth炒作某事me

diahype媒体炒作malicious[məˈlɪʃ.əs]【中英文释义】intendedtoharmorupsetotherpeople恶意的，恶毒的【记忆方法】malice（恶意）+ious（表示形容词）→有恶意的→恶毒的【关联词】malicen.恶意，怨恨；malici

ously有敌意地，恶意地；同根词：malignadj.恶意的，邪恶的;v.诽谤，污蔑，中伤malignant恶性的；有害的【synonym】malevolent、spiteful、malignant

、vicious、poisonous【词组】maliciousgossip用意歹毒的流言蜚语maliciouswounding恶意伤人condemn[kənˈdem]【中英文释义】tocriticize

somethingorsomeonestrongly,usuallyformoralreasons谴责，指责【记忆方法】con（共同，一起）+demn（=damn，咒骂）→一起骂→谴责，指责【synonym】criticize、castigate、

censure、decry、denounce【例句】Theterroristactionhasbeencondemnedasanactofbarbarismandcowardice.人们谴责这一恐怖行径是野蛮和懦弱的行为。【词组】c

ondemnsbto(do)sth判决，宣判（某人某种刑罚）Shewascondemnedtodeathandexecutedtwoweekslater.她被宣判死刑，两星期后被处决。condemnsbtosth使…遭受；使…处于（不幸的境

地）Pooreducationcondemnsmanyyoungpeopletolow-paidjobs.缺乏教育致使年轻人只能感低收入的工作。condemnsbforsth因某事而谴责某人condemnseverely严厉地谴责3capti

on[ˈkæpʃn]【中英文释义】n.ashortpieceoftextunderapictureinabook,magazine,ornewspaperthatdescribesthepictureorexplainswhatthepeopleinitaredoingor

saying（图书、杂志或报纸的）说明文字；（电影或电视的）字幕；（法律文件的）开端部分v.toprovideashortpieceoftextunderapictureinabook,magazine,ornewspaperthatdescribesthepictu

reorexplainswhatthepeopleinitaredoingorsaying给……加文字说明【记忆方法】cap（抓，capture）抓+ion（tion-名词后缀）→抓住主要内容→（图书、杂志或报纸的）说明文字；（电影或电视的）字幕【例句】E

achlevelshouldhaveexactlyonecaptionattribute.每个级别都应该有一个标题属性。prank[præŋk]【中英文释义】n.atrickthatisintendedtobefunnybutnotto

causeharmordamage胡闹，玩笑，恶作剧v.toplayatrickonsomeonethatisintendedtobefunnybutnottocauseharmordamage对。。。胡闹，对。。。恶作剧【synonym】trick【例句】Whe

nIwasatschoolwewerealwaysplayingpranksonourteachers.我读书时我们总是搞恶作剧捉弄老师。Hefinallyrealizedhe'dbeenpranked.他终于明白自己被人恶作剧了。conse

cutive[kənˈsekjətɪv]【中英文释义】inregularsuccessionwithoutgaps;successive(withoutabreak)连续的，连贯的，不间断的【记忆方法】con（加强）+secut（跟随）+ive（…的）→一个跟一个→

连贯的【衍生词】consecutionn.连续；条理；词序和语法变化等一致；consecutively连续地【synonym】ensuing、successive、following、continuous【例句】Thisisthefifthconsecutiveweek

endthatI'vespentworking.这是我连续第五个周末加班。Thenumberofmarriageregistrationshasbeendecliningforeightconsecutiveyears.我国结婚登记人数连续八年呈现下降趋势。注意：连续xx（

次数），英文数字在前【补充知识】词根sec,secut,sequ,su=tofollow跟随consulate[ˈkɒnsjələt]【中英文释义】diplomaticbuildingthatservesastheresidenceorworkplaceofaconsul领事馆【记忆方法】con（

共同）+sulate（salute，敬礼）→共同一起敬礼→领事馆【用法】ConsulateGeneral总领事馆theCubanconsulateinMexicoCity驻墨西哥城的古巴领事馆theChineseConsulateGeneralinChicago中国驻芝加哥总领事

馆4preside[prɪˈzaɪd]【中英文释义】tobeinchargeofaformalmeeting,ceremony,ortrial主持（会议或仪式）【记忆方法】pre（在。。。前面）+sid（=sit，坐）+e→坐在前面的人→主持（会议）【synony

m】chair、administer、officiate【搭配用法】presideoversth掌管，主持【例句】Thisgovernmenthaspresidedoversomeofthemostsignifica

ntchangesineducationthiscentury.本届政府领导了本世纪教育方面的一些最重大的变革。mutate[mjuːˈteɪt]【中英文释义】todevelopnewphysicalcharacteristicsbecau

seofapermanentchangeinthegenes.（遗传物质等）变异，突变tochangefromonethingortypeofthingintoanother转变【记忆方法】mut（=tochange改变）+ate（使。。。）

→变异；转变【synonym】alter、modify、vary、change【例句】Thesebacteriahavemutatedintoformsthatareresistanttocertaindrugs.这些细菌已发生变异，对某些药物产生了抗药性。Jonhasmutated

fromanawkwardteenagerintoasophisticatedyoungman.约翰从一个稚嫩的少年变成了一个久经世故的男人。protagonist[prəˈtægənɪst]【中英文释义】animportantsupporterofanide

aorpoliticalsystem（某一想法或政治制度的）主要支持者，拥护者oneofthemaincharactersinastoryoraplay（故事或戏剧中的）主要人物，主角【antonym】antagoni

st对抗者，对立者【例句】Keyprotagonistsoftherevolutionwerehunteddownandexecuted.这次革命的主要发起者被捕并被处决。escort[ɪˈskɔːt]【中英文释义】V.togo

withapersonorvehicle,especiallytomakecertainthathe,she,oritleavesorarrivessafely;togowithsomeoneandshowthemaplace

护卫，护送；陪送，陪同N.apersonwhogoeswithanotherpersonasapartnertoasocialevent（通常指异性的）社交聚会陪伴者apersonorvehiclethatgoessome

wherewithsomeonetoprotectorguardthem护卫者；护送者【记忆方法】esc(形似escape,逃跑)+or(人)+t(拼音te,特)→爱逃跑的人特想要护卫→护送；陪同【synon

ym】convoy、accompany【例句】Securityguardsescortedtheintrudersfromthebuilding.保安把闯入者押送出了大楼。Thepoliceescortedhertotheair

port,andmadesurethatsheleftthecountry.警察将她押送到机场，确保其离境。5Peopleonthetourwillbeescortedbyanexpertonarchaeology.游客们将由一位考古学专家陪同前

行。Themembersofthejuryleftthecourtwithapoliceescort.陪审团成员在警察的护送下离开了法庭。imply[ɪmˈplaɪ]【中英文释义】tocommunicateanideaorfeelingwithoutsayingitdirectly暗示，暗指t

oinvolvesomethingormakeitnecessary必然包含；使成为必需【记忆方法】im-入,向内+-ply-折叠→折入其中,隐含于其中→暗示，暗指【synonym】hint、suggestinvolv

e\entail【固定表达】assthimplies正如。。。所暗示的；asthenameimplies顾名思义【例句】Idon'twishtoimplythatyouarewrong.我无意暗示你错了。Ithinkfreedomdoes

implyresponsibility.我认为自由一定包含着责任。cumbersome[ˈkʌmbəsəm]【中英文释义】awkwardbecauseofbeinglarge,heavy,ornoteffective笨重的；累赘的【记

忆方法】谐音：来(cum→come)帮我搬(ber)一些(some)，这些东西太笨重(cumbersome)了【synonym】bulky、clumsy、burdensome【例句】Theprocessiscumbersome,expensive

,andunreliable.这个过程繁琐、昂贵而且不可靠。dread[dred]【中英文释义】V.tofeelextremelyworriedorfrightenedaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappenorthatmighthappen对…感到恐惧；害怕

；担心N.astrongfeelingoffearorworry恐惧，害怕；忧虑【相关词】dreaded令人害怕的，令人恐惧的【synonym】worry、afraid、fear【phrase】dreadtothink不敢想，不愿想【例

句】He'sdreadingtheexam-he'ssurehe'sgoingtofail.他很担心考试——他觉得自己肯定过不了。Theprospectofworkingfull-timefillsme

withdread.可能要全职工作，这让我很担忧。rampant[ˈræmpənt]【中英文释义】（ofsomethingbad）gettingworsequicklyandinanuncontrolledway（不好的事情）猖獗的，泛滥的【相关词】rampancyn.猖獗；蔓生；繁茂【例句】R

ampantinflationmeansthatourwageincreasessoonbecomeworthnothing.通货膨胀大肆泛滥，这意味着我们增长的工资很快就一钱不值了。Diseaseisrampantintheovercrowdedcity.疾病在过分拥

挤的城市中肆虐。6exclude[ɪkˈskluːd]【中英文释义】topreventsomeoneorsomethingfromenteringaplaceortakingpartinanactivity阻止...进入；把..

.排斥在外【记忆方法】ex-向外+-clud-关,闭+-e动词词尾→把…关闭在外【例句】Womenarestillexcludedfromtheclub.这家俱乐部仍然把女性拒之门外。【反义词（antonym）】includ

e，v.包含；【衍生词】exclusiveadj.独有的；高档的；排外的；排斥的；（新闻或报道）独家的exclusivelyadv.仅仅，单独地，专门地demean[dɪˈmi:n]【中英文释义】tocausesom

eonetobecomelessrespected羞辱，贬低【记忆方法】de-，乡下。mean，下贱的→demean贬低【例句】Don'tdemeanyourselfbytellingsuchobviouslies.你不要用这种明显的谎言自贬人格。【同义词（

Synonym）】debase、belittle、degradevilify[ˈvɪlɪfaɪ]【中英文释义】tosayorwriteunpleasantthingsaboutsomeoneorsomething,inordertocauseotherpeopleto

haveabadopinionofthem诋毁，诬蔑；丑化；贬低【记忆方法】vile,邪恶的，-fy,使。即中伤，使邪恶【例句】Hewasvilifiedbythepressasamonster.他被新闻界丑化成

一个变态的怪物。【同义词（Synonym）】decry、defame、slanderantidote[ˈæntidəʊt]【中英文释义】①achemical,especiallyadrug,thatl

imitstheeffectsofapoison解药；②awayofpreventingoractingagainstsomethingbad缓解办法；对抗手段【记忆方法】anti（相反）+dote（药剂）→作用相反的药剂→解药【例句】Salesofne

rvegasantidotesincreaseddramaticallybeforethewar.在战争爆发前，神经毒气解毒剂销量激增。Regularexerciseisthebestantidotetotirednessanddepression.经常锻炼是消除疲劳

和抑郁的最好方法。parameter[pəˈræmɪtə(r)]【中英文释义】asetoffactsorafixedlimitthatestablishesorlimitshowsomethingcanormusthappenorbedone界限，范

围；参数，变量【记忆方法】para-侧面+-meter-测量,仪表→随被测量的数而变化的数→参数，范围；规范【例句】Theresearchersmustkeepwithintheparametersoftheexperiment.研究员

必须在试验既定的范围内进行研究。【同义词（Synonym）】criterion、specificationforgo[fɔːˈɡəʊ]【中英文释义】tonothaveordosomethingenjoyable放弃，摒绝（令人愉悦

之物），对...断念【记忆方法】for-,完全的。go,走，离开。引申词义放弃，弃绝【例句】I'llhavetoforgomyvacationinordertoattendasummerChinesecourse.为了参加暑期中文班我只好放弃暑假。7Shed

ecidedtoforgothepartyandpreparefortheEnglishexam.她决定不参加聚会，准备英语考试。undergo[ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ]【中英文释义】toexperiencesomethi

ngthatisunpleasantorsomethingthatinvolvesachange经历，经受（令人不快的事或变化）【记忆方法】under-在下,不足+go走→在(重压等)之下走过【例句】Sheunderwentanoperationonat

umourinherleftlunglastyear.她在去年做了一次左肺肿瘤切除手术。Allthefreshmenwillundergoamedicalexamination.所有新生都将进行体检。momentum[məˈmentəm]【中英文释义】theforcethatkeepsanobje

ctmovingorkeepsaneventdevelopingafterithasstarted势头；冲力；动量【记忆方法】moment(瞬间)+um(物理性质后缀)→冲力在瞬间迸发→冲力【例句】Thetruckgainedmomentumasitrolleddownthesteepr

oad.卡车沿着陡峭的道路往下开时,冲力愈来愈大。Thespacecraftwillflyaroundtheearthtogain/gathermomentumforitstriptoJupiter.航天器将绕着地球飞行以获取飞向木星所需的

动力。overshadow[ˌəʊvəˈʃædəʊ]v.①tocausesomeoneorsomethingtoseemlessimportantorlesshappy使黯然失色；使相形见绌Karenhasalwaysfeltov

ershadowedbyherfamouseldersister.凯伦总觉得自己与出名的姐姐相比光彩全无。②(ofabuilding)tobemuchtallerthananotherbuildingandtherefore

blockthesunfromit（建筑物）遮蔽，遮暗GrandCentralStationinNewYorkisovershadowedbythePanAmbuilding.纽约中央火车站被泛美大厦遮住了阳光。scour

ge[skɜ:dʒ]n.&v.①n.somethingorsomeonethatcausesgreatsufferingoralotoftrouble灾难，祸害；苦难的根源thescourgeofwar/poverty/dr

ugs战争／贫困／毒品的祸害②v.tocausegreatsufferingoralotoftrouble祸害；使苦恼，使痛苦Thecountryhasbeenscourgedbyfamineinrecentyears.近年来这个国家遭受大

饥荒的苦难。concur[kənˈkɜː(r)]v.①v.toagreeorhavethesameopinion同意，赞成Thenewreportconcurswithpreviousfindings.新报告与先前的调查结果一致

。Theboardconcurredthattheeditorshouldhavefullcontrolovereditorialmatters.董事会赞同主编应该对编辑事务全权负责。②Iftwoormoreeventsconcur,theyhappenatthesametime

同时发生Everythingconcurredtoproduceasuccessfulresult.所有的事都同时发生而产生了圆满的结果。8colossal[kəˈlɒsl]adj.【中英文释义】extremelylarge巨大的；庞大的Theywereaskingacolossalamo

untofmoneyforthehouse.他们对这房子漫天要价。auspicious[ɔːˈspɪʃəs]adj.【中英文释义】suggestingapositiveandsuccessfulfuture吉利的，吉祥的【记忆方法】au(同根av，鸟)+-spi

c（看，同spectator,观众）+-i-+-ous形容词词尾→吉兆的→吉祥的【例句】Theywontheirfirstmatchoftheseason5–1whichwasanauspiciousstart/beginning.他们在赛季的头场比赛就获

得5比1的大胜，迎来一个开门红。suspicious[səˈspɪʃəs]adj.【中英文释义】makingyoufeelthatsomethingillegalishappeningorthatsometh

ingiswrong怀疑的【例句】Thefireatthebankisbeingtreatedassuspicious.银行起火被认为非常可疑。【记忆方法】sus-由下向上+-spic-(s略)看+-i-+-ous形容词词尾→上下来回地看

→怀疑的【相关词】suspectv.猜想，认为（某事有可能）；怀疑……有罪suspicionn.（对某人有罪、不诚实等的）怀疑；不信任suspiciousof对...起疑Blockbuster[ˈblɒkbʌstə(r

)]【中英文释义】abookorfilmthatisverysuccessful（尤指因内容精彩而）非常成功的书（或影片）【常见表达】ablockbustermovie/novel电影大片/风靡一时的小说Moustache[məˈstɑːʃ]【中英文释义】hairthatam

angrowsabovehisupperlip上唇的胡子;髭;触须【注意】(USusuallymustache)UK:moustache【常见表达】handlebarmustache八字胡（美）【近义词】tash【补充】喝完牛奶，嘴边一圈牛奶，广告里总是用这种方式来体现牛奶很浓，蛋

白质含量高，因此称milkmustacheRelegate[ˈrelɪgeɪt]【中英文释义】toputsomeoneorsomethingintoalowerorlessimportantrankorposition贬职；使降级【固定短语】rel

egateto委托给；托付给【例句】Sheresignedwhenshewasrelegatedtoadeskjob.因被降职做文书，她就辞了职。Thestorywasrelegatedtothemiddlepagesofthepaper.这篇报道从重要版面

撤下，刊登在中间的版面上。Chicanery[ʃɪˈkeɪnəri]【中英文释义】clever,dishonesttalkorbehaviourthatisusedtodeceivepeople诡9计；欺诈【例句】Theinvestigationreveal

edpoliticalchicaneryandcorruptionatthehighestlevels.调查揭露出了最高层的政治欺诈和腐败。focalpoint[ˈfəʊkl]【中英文释义】thethingth

ateveryonelooksatorisinterestedin（目光或兴趣的）中心，焦点；thepointwherewavesoflightorsoundthataremovingtowardseachothermeet聚光点【例句】Thefireplaceisusuallythefocalp

ointofthelivingroom.在客厅里，壁炉通常是视线的焦点。Downside[ˈdaʊnsaɪd]【中英文释义】adisadvantageofasituation不利的一面；不利因素；负面；消极面【例句】Thedownsideoflivinghere,ofcourse,is

thatitisexpensive.在这里生活的不利因素当然就是生活费用很高。【反义词】upsiden.优点，好处Succulent[ˈsʌkjələnt]【中英文释义】adj.containingal

otofjuiceandtastinggood多汁的n.aplantsuchasacactusinwhichtheleavesandstemarethickandcanstorealotofwater肉质动物【记忆方法】

succ-（=juice汁液）+-ulent(多的,-ul-+-ent)=>多汁的【例句】Thesearewonderfullysucculentpeaches.这些桃子汁水很多。Succulentsoft

enhavethickwaxycuticlestominimizewaterloss.肉质植物通常有很厚的蜡质角质层，以使水分流失降到最低。Cactus[ˈkæktəs]【中英文释义】anyofmanytypesofdesertplantusuallywithsharpspinesandthic

kstemsforstoringwater仙人掌【复数】cactuses（US）或cacti（UK）Anecdote[ˈænɪkdəʊt]【中英文释义】ashort,oftenfunnystory,especiallyaboutsomethingso

meonehasdone（关于某人的）趣闻；轶事【记忆方法】①an-（"not"）+ec-+dot-（"give"）+-e→thingsunpublished/secretorprivatestories→趣闻；轶事②谐音：“爱你可逗她”→（联想）我最爱讲这种小

故事，因为可以逗我的她发笑→趣闻；轶事【例句】Heintroducedhisspeechwithahumorousanecdote.他讲了一则幽默轶事作为讲演的引子。Hetoldoneortwoamusinganecdotesabouthisyea

rsasapoliceman.他讲了一两件他当警察时发生的趣事。10vantagepoint【中英文释义】①aplace,especiallyahighplace,thatprovidesagood,clear

viewofanarea（尤指较高的）有利地势②aparticularpersonalwayofthinkingorsetofopinions观点，看法threshold[ˈθreʃhəʊld]n.①thefloorofanentrancetoabuildingorroom门槛，门

口Hesteppedacrossthethreshold.他迈过门槛。②thelevelorpointatwhichyoustarttoexperiencesomething,oratwhichsomethingstartstohapp

en界限；起点Hissecretaryearns£268amonth,wellbelowthethresholdforpayingtax.他的秘书每月挣268英镑，远远不够纳税的标准。【习语】onthethresholdof

sth在…的开始，在…的起点starch[stɑːtʃ]n.&v.n.awhitesubstancethatexistsinlargeamountsinpotatoesandparticulargrainssuchasrice淀粉Co

rnstarchisusedasathickenerinstews.玉米淀粉在炖煮的菜肴中用作增稠剂。v.tomakeclothesstiffbywashingthemwithstarch上浆（用淀粉浆硬衣服）Sheworeastarchedwhiteapronoverherblackd

ress.她在黑色连衣裙外套了件浆过的白色围裙。rancid[ˈrænsɪd]adj.(ofbutter,oil,etc.)tastingorsmellingunpleasantbecauseofnotbeingfresh（黄油、油等

）不新鲜的，变味的，腐败变质的Butterisperishableandcangorancid.黄油很容易变质，而且会发臭。mellow[ˈmeləʊ]adj.①(ofcolourorsound色彩或声音)soft,richandpleasant柔和丰富的Mell

owmusicandlightinghelpedtocreatetherightatmosphere.柔和的音乐和灯光衬托出了适宜的氛围。②(ofatasteorflavour味道或香味)smoothandpleasant醇香的；甘美的amellow,fruitywine醇

正浓香的葡萄酒③relaxedandpleasantornotsevere放松的；令人愉快的Aftertwoglassesofwine,Iwasfeelingmellow.两杯葡萄酒下肚，我就飘飘然了。④

(ofpeople人)calm,gentleandreasonablebecauseofageorexperience老练的；成熟的Dad'scertainlygrownmellowerwithage.随着年龄的增长，父亲当然是更老练了。hereditary[həˈredɪtri]adj

.【中英文释义】(ofcharacteristicsordiseases)passedfromthegenesofaparenttoachild,or(oftitlesandpositionsinsociety)passedfrom

parenttoachildasaright（特点或疾病）遗传的；（称号或爵位）世袭的Depressionisoftenhereditary.抑郁症常常是遗传的。【记忆方法】-heredit-继承,遗传+-ary形容词词尾11dysfunction[dɪsˈfʌŋkʃn]

n.【中英文释义】aproblemorfaultinapartofthebodyoramachine功体失调；机能不良Thereappearstobeadysfunctioninthepatient'srespiratorysystem.患者的呼吸系统似乎出现功能失调。trachea[tr

əˈki:ə]n.【中英文释义】(anatomy解)thetubeinthethroatthatcarriesairtothelungs气管【Synonym】windpipecaveat[ˈkæviæt]n.【中英文释义】awarningtoco

nsidersomethingbeforetakinganymoreaction,orastatementthatlimitsamoregeneralstatement（进一步行动前的）警告，告诫；限制条款Heagreedtotheinterview,withth

ecaveatthathecouldapprovethefinalarticle.他答应接受访问，条件是访问稿刊登前须经他同意。【Synonym】proviso[prəˈvaɪzəʊ]限制条款sojourn[ˈsɒdʒən]n.【中英文释义】ashortperiodwhena

personstaysinaparticularplace逗留，停留【记忆方法】so（-sub，在下，持续）+journ（类似journey）→在旅行→逗留【例句】Mysojournintheyouthhostelwasthankf

ullyshort.幸好我在青年招待所逗留的时间很短。Hemustsojourninvillagesandhamlets.他应该在乡村小住数日。retribution[ˌretrɪˈbju:ʃn]n.【中英文释义】deservedand

severepunishment应得的惩罚；报应【记忆方法】re-（向后，往回）+-trib（给予，词源同tribute,contribution）→给回去→引申词义惩罚，报应【例句】Theyfledbecausetheyfearedretri

butionforthegenocide.他们逃跑是因为他们害怕会因犯下的种族灭绝罪行而遭到严惩。Peopleareseekingretributionforthelatestterroristoutrages.人们在设法对恐怖分子最近的暴行进行严惩。【Synonym】punishment/c

omeuppancecomeuppance[kʌmˈʌpəns]n.【中英文释义】aperson'sbadluckthatisconsideredtobeafairanddeservedpunishmentforsomethingbadthattheyhav

edone应得的惩罚，报应【例句】She'llgethercomeuppance.她会得到报应的。【Synonym】punishment/retribution【搭配】getone'scomeuppance得到报应12

breathable[ˈbri:ðəbl]adj.【中英文释义】Breathablefabricsforclothesallowairtopassthroughthem透气的（用作衣物的纤维）【例句】Weproducebreathableclot

hingthatisdesignedforintenseactivity.我们制作的衣服是专门为高强度运动设计的。flare-up【中英文释义】asituationinwhichsomethingsuchas

violence,pain,orangersuddenlystartsorgetsmuchworse（暴力、疼痛或愤怒）爆发，突发，加剧【例句】Therewasanotherflare-upofriotinglaterth

atday.那天晚些时候再度爆发骚乱。There'sbeenaflare-upofviolenceinSouthAfrica.南非的暴力冲突曾一度升级。Chocolatebarsmighttriggeranacneflare-u

p,butifso,theculpritisprobablythesugar,milk,andgooeyfillings,notthecocoa.如果巧克力会引发粉刺的话，罪魁祸首可能是糖、牛奶或者其中的填充酱，而不是可可粉。