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1高考英语一词多义suspend【中英文释义】tostopsomethingfrombeingactive,eithertemporarilyorpermanently停止，暂停；Ifsomeoneissuspendedfromwork,school,etc.,theyaretemporari

lynotallowedtowork,gotoschool,ortakepartinanactivitybecauseofhavingdonesomethingwrong.（因犯错而）暂令停职；暂令停学；暂令停止参加活动tohang悬挂；Ifsmallpiecesofsolidmateri

alaresuspendedinagasoraliquid,theyhangorfloatinthegasorliquid.悬浮，漂浮【例句】①Theferryservicehasbeensuspendedforthedaybecauseofbadweather.因为天气恶劣，

渡船已经停开了。②Shewassuspendedfromschoolforfighting.她因为打架而被勒令停学。③Itwasveryuncomfortablelyingonthehospitalbedwithmylegssuspend

edintheair.我躺在医院的病床上，腿悬吊在半空，难受极了。④Acloudofsmokewassuspendedintheair.空中飘浮着一团烟雾。outlook【中英文释义】thelikelyfuturesituation前景；展望；aperson'sway

ofunderstandingandthinkingaboutsomething观点；看法；whatyoucanseefromaparticularplace景色，风光【例句】Theoutlookfortheeconomyisbleak.经济前景暗淡。Hehada

practicaloutlookonlife.他的人生观很实际。Fromthetopofthetower,theoutlookoverthecitywasbreathtaking.从塔顶俯视，这座城市的景色令人叹为观止。honour【中英文释义】n.aqualitythatcombin

esrespect,beingproud,andhonesty名誉，荣誉areward,prize,ortitlethatpubliclyexpressesadmirationorrespect奖励；荣誉；荣誉头衔v.toshowgrea

trespectforsomeoneorsomething,especiallyinpublic（尤指在公开场合）向…致敬Tohonourapromiseoragreementistodowhatyousaidyouwould.信守，执行，兑现（承诺或协议）togivesomeon

epublicpraiseorareward公开表彰；公开奖励【例句】Wefoughtforthehonourofourcountry.我们为我们国家的荣誉而战。Hewashonouredforhisbravery.他因表现英勇而受到了表彰。Theydec

idednottohonouranexistingorderforaircraft.他们决定不兑现已有的飞机订单。Hewashonouredwithaknighthood.他被封为爵士。【搭配用法】2inhonou

rofsb/sth为了庆祝…；为表示对…的尊敬be/feelhonourboundtodosth觉得在道义上应该做dosbthehonourofdoingsth做…使（某人）感到特别荣幸；做…给（某人）带来荣

誉withhonours以优等成绩毕业tender【中英文释义】adj.gentle,loving,orkind温柔的；温情的，关怀的(ofpartofthebody)painful,sore,orunc

omfortablewhentouched（身体部位）疼痛的，一触即痛的(ofmeatorvegetables)easytocutorchew(=crushwiththeteeth)（肉或蔬菜）嫩的，软的you

ng年幼的，未成熟的v.Ifyoutenderforajob,youmakeaformaloffertodoitforastatedprice.投标togiveoroffersomething提出，提供n.awrittenorformaloffertosu

pplygoodsordoajobforanagreedprice投标书awrittenoffertobuyorsellsharesinacompany（期货交易中的）交割意向通知书avehicleusedfortransportingwater,

wood,orcoal,especiallyonethatispulledbehindarailwayengineorusedbythefireservice（尤指挂在火车头后的）煤水车【ENGINEERING】asmallboatthatisusedfortra

nsportingpeopleorgoodsfromthelandtoalargerboatorfromthelargerboattotheland（用来在大船与陆地间运送人员或货物的）小船【SAILING】a

smallpieceofchickenbreastmeat,usuallybreadedandfried,oracutofchickenfromthetenderloin（通常裹有面包屑的）鸡胸脯肉；鸡里脊肉chickentenders鸡胸

脯肉【例句】Fivecompanieshavetenderedforthehospitalcontract.已有5家公司投标承建该医院。Thehealthministerhastenderedherresign

ation.卫生部长已提交辞呈。Thecouncilhasinvitedtendersforthebuildingcontract.市政会已经为建筑工程招标。Educationdepartmentsi

nalltheprisonsarebeingputouttotender.现在正在对所有监狱的教管部门进行招标。（putsthouttotender对…招标）malign【中英文释义】①adj.causing

orintendingtocauseharmorevil恶意的；邪恶的；有害的=evil②v.tosayfalseandunpleasantthingsaboutsomeone,ortocriticizesomeoneunfairly诽谤，污蔑，中伤【例句】①Yourbehavioursexe

rcisedamaligninfluenceonthechildren.你的行为对孩子们产生了不良的影响。②Shehasrecentlybeenmalignedinthegossipcolumnsofse

veralnewspapers.她最近受到几家报纸漫谈专栏的污蔑。3squat【中英文释义】v.&n.①topositionyourselfclosetothegroundbalancingonthefrontpartofyourfeetwi

thyourlegsbentunderyourbody蹲，蹲坐；asquattingposition蹲坐②toliveinanemptybuildingorareaoflandwithoutthepermissionoftheowner擅自占用（建筑物或土地）；theplacethatyou

liveinwhenyouaresquatting擅自占用的地方，偷住的房子adj.shortandwide,usuallyinawaythatisnotattractive低矮的；矮墩墩的n.anything任何东西【例句】Shesqu

attedonthegroundandwarmedherhandsbythefire.她蹲在地上，伸出双手烤火。Theysquatted(in)anoldhouseinKing'sCrosswhentheirmoneyranout.他们钱花光后，就偷偷住进

了国王十字车站的一处旧房子里。Hisopinionisn'tworthsquat.他的看法一文不值。Sheshouldn'ttalk-shedoesn'tknowsquataboutit.她不该说话——她什么都不懂。suspect【中英文释义】v.1）toth

inkorbelievesomethingtobetrueorprobable怀疑，猜想2）tothinkthatsomeonehascommittedacrimeordonesomethingwrong怀疑。。。有

罪，认为。。。有嫌疑adj.possiblyfalseordangerous不可靠的，可疑的，危险的n.apersonbelievedtohavecommittedacrimeordonesomethingwrong嫌疑犯，可疑分子theusualsuspects意料中会出现的人；经常做某事的人【

例句】Wehadnoreasontosuspect(that)hemighttrytokillhimself.我们没有理由认为他会自杀。Thepolicesuspecthimofcarryingouttwobombattacks.警方怀疑他制造了两起爆炸案。Asuspectparcelw

asfoundatthestation.在车站发现了一个可疑包裹。Policehaveissuedaphotographofthesuspect.警方已经发布了疑犯的照片。shed【中英文释义】n.asmallbu

ilding,usuallymadeofwood,usedforstoringthings（通常为木质、存放物品用的）棚子，小屋alarge,simplebuildingusedforaparticularpurpose简易大棚v

.(oftenusedinnewspapers)togetridofsomethingyoudonotneedorwant（常为报刊用语）去除，摆脱=getridofsth4toloseacovering,suchasleaves,h

air,orskin,becauseitfallsoffnaturally,ortodropsomethinginanaturalwayorbyaccident使脱落；蜕，脱castlightorproducesth(tear,blood,etc.）【例句】Psyc

hotherapyhelpedhimtoshedsomeofhisinsecurity/inhibitions.心理疗法帮助他摆脱了一些不安全感／自我压制。I'mgoingonadiettoseeifIcanshedafewpoun

ds.我要节食，看能不能瘦掉几磅。toshedexcessweight=loseweight减肥Thetreesshedtheirleavesinautumn.树木在秋天落叶。Sheshedafewtearsathe

rdaughter'swedding.她在女儿的婚礼上流下了泪。hail【中英文释义】n.small,hardballsoficethatfallfromtheskylikerain冰雹v.tocallsomeoneinordertoa

ttracttheirattention招呼，呼喊【例句】Theprimeministerwasgreetedwithahailofinsultsasshearrivedattheuniversity

.首相来到大学时遭到一阵辱骂。【搭配用法】ahailofsth一阵。。。ahailofbullets一阵弹雨bewithinhailingdistanceofsomewhere离。。。很近hailsb/sthassth赞扬。。。为，把。。。誉为hailfromsome

where来自，出生于。。。secure【中英文释义】adj.positionedorfixedfirmlyandcorrectlyandthereforenotlikelytomove,fall,or

break牢固的，牢靠的likelytocontinueandnotfailorbelost可靠的，稳固的(especiallyofobjects,situations,etc.)abletoavoidbeingharmedbyanyrisk,danger,or

threat（尤指物品、境况等）安全的notdoubtingorbeingworriedaboutyourselfandyourpersonalrelationships无忧无虑的，安心的v.togetsomething,sometimeswithdiffi

culty获得；设法得到tomakecertainsomethingisprotectedfromdangerorrisk使安全，保护tomakecertainthatmoneythathasbeenlentwillbepaidback,bygivingthepersonwholendsth

emoneytherighttoownpropertybelongingtothepersonwhoborrowsit,ifthemoneyisnotpaidback抵押，为。。。担保tofastenoneobjectfirml

ytoanother紧固，拴牢【例句】Thatladderdoesn'tlookverysecuretome.那梯子我看不太稳固。Herpromotionhasmadeherpositioninthecompanymoresecure.她的升职使她在公司的地位更加稳固。Carmanufacture

rsoughttoproducevehiclesthataremoresecureagainsttheft.5汽车制造商应该生产出防盗性能更佳的汽车。Childrenneedtofeelsecureinordertodowellatschool.孩子们需要感到安心才能在学校中

学习好。Hewasdisappointedbyhisfailuretosecurethetopjobwiththebank.他因没能得到银行的高层工作而失望。Herbankloanissecuredagainst/by/onherhouse.她的银行贷款是用房子抵押

的。table【中英文释义】n.aflatsurface,ususllysupportedbyfourlegs,usedforputtingthingson桌子；餐桌anarrangementoffact

sandnumbersinrowsorblocks,especiallyinprintedmaterial表，表格tableofcontents（书的）目录v.tosuggestsomethingfordiscussion把...提交讨论todelaydiscussionofasubj

ect搁置，暂缓审议【例句】AnamendmenttotheproposalwastabledbyMrsJames.该项提案的修正案是詹姆斯夫人提交讨论的。（table，此处为动词）Thesuggestionwastabledfordiscussionat

alaterdate.这一提议被留待日后讨论。（table，此处为动词）tap【中英文释义】V.①tohitsomethinggently,andoftenrepeatedly,especiallymakingshor

t,sharpnoises（常指连续）轻拍，轻叩②totouchthescreenofaphone,tabletcomputer,etc.inordertogiveaninstructionforsomethingtoha

ppen轻触（手机或电脑平板等给予指令）③togetormakeuseofsomething开发；开辟；着手利用④touseasmalldeviceattachedtoaphoneinordertolistensecretlytowhatpeoplea

resaying在（电话或电报线）上装窃听器；窃听N.①adevicethatcontrolstheflowofliquid,especiallywater,fromapipe（水）龙头，阀门②adevicethatcontrolstheflowofgasfr

omapipe（煤气）阀门③agentleknockortouch,orthenoisemadebyknockingsomethinggently轻叩，轻敲【phrases】ontap（啤酒）装在有旋塞的桶里的，散装的;随时可用的tapintosth使用...以获得好结果tapsbforsth从（

某人）处获得（钱）【例句】Thatgirltappedherfingersonthedeskimpatiently.那个女孩不耐烦地用手指轻扣桌面。Formorethanacentury,Eastern

citieshaveexpandedtheirwatersuppliesbytappingevermoreremotesources.一个多世纪以来，东部的城市通过开发更偏远地区的水源，扩大了水的供应。6Hesuspectedthathisphonehadbeentapp

ed.他怀疑自己的电话被人窃听了。critical[ˈkrɪtɪkl]①sayingthatsomeoneorsomethingisbadorwrong批评的；批判的；挑剔的【例句】Thereportishighlycriti

calofsafetystandardsatthefactory.这篇报道尖锐地批评了那家工厂的安全标准。②ofthegreatestimportancetothewaythingsmighthappen关键性的；决定

性的；至关重要的【例句】Thepresident'ssupportiscritical(tothisproject).总统的支持（对该计划）至关重要。③givingopinionsorjudgmentsonbooks,plays,films,etc.（对书、戏剧、电影等）评论的【例句】Hi

slastfilmwon/receivedcriticalacclaim(=waspraisedbyfilmcritics).他的最新影片赢得了评论界的赞誉。④extremelyseriousordangerous严重的；危急的；危险的【例句】

Thiscriticalsituationexistsparticularlyinthemoderncities.这种严重的情形特别存在于现代都市之中。appropriate[əˈprəʊpriət]①suitable

orrightforaparticularsituationoroccasion恰当的；合适的【例句】Ididn'tthinkhiscommentswereveryappropriateattheti

me.我觉得他在当时发表那些评论很不妥当。②totakesomethingforyourownuse,usuallywithoutpermission挪用；占用；盗用【动词】【例句】Helosthisjobwhenhewasfoundtohaveappropriatedsomeofthecom

pany'smoney.他被发现侵吞公司钱款后就丢了工作。③tokeepanamountofmoneytouseforaparticularpurpose拨出（款项）【动词】【例句】Thegovernme

nthaveappropriatedmillionsofpoundsfortheproject.政府已经为该项目拨款数百万英镑。pilot[ˈpaɪlət]①apersonwhofliesanaircraft飞行员②aprogram

methatismadetointroduceanewradioortelevisionseriesandtesthowpopularitis（电视或广播的）试播节目③adj.apilotplan,product,orsystemisu

sedtotesthowgoodsomethingisbeforeintroducingit.试点的，试验性的v.④toflyanaircraft飞行⑤totestanewproductbeforeititsold（在销售前）试验（新产品）Weshallpil

otseveralnewcosmeticproductstoselectedpotentialpurchasers.我们将在一些选定的潜在顾客身上试用几种新化妆品。⑥toberesponsibleforintroducinganewlaworsysteman

dmakingcertainitisestablished使（新的法律或制度）顺利通过20yearsagohepilotedabillthroughParliamentonworkingconditions.20年前他力促议会通过了

一项有关工作环境的议案。⑦todirectashipintoaportorthroughanareaofwater引航7attrition[əˈtrɪʃn]①graduallymakingsomethingweakeranddes

troyingit,especiallythestrengthorconfidenceofanenemybyrepeatedlyattackingit（尤指给敌人的力量或自信造成的）消耗，损耗，削弱Terroristgroupsandthegovernmenthavebe

enengagedinacostlywarofattritionsince2008.自2008年以来，恐怖主义组织和政府之间一直在进行两败俱伤的消耗战。②areductioninthenumberofpeoplewhoworkforanorganizationthatisachiev

edbynotreplacingthosepeoplewholeave自然裁员Thecompanyplanstocutaquarterofitsworkforceoversixyearsthroughnaturalattritionandfewerhirin

gs.公司计划在6年内通过人员自然流失和减少雇用使员工总数减少1/4。③thepeoplewholeaveaneducationalortrainingcoursebeforeithasfinished中

途辍学者Thehighattritionratesonthedegreeprogramsareacauseforconcern.学位课程的高辍学率令人担忧。sell[sel]【熟词僻义】topersuadesomeonethatanideaorplanisagoodoneandlikel

ytobesuccessful说服，接受I'msureyourideawillsell.我相信你的观点能被接受。【idioms】sellsbdowntheriver出卖/背叛（某人）sellsb/yourself/st

hshort小看，低估固定短语及表达1、在去年下半年Inthesecondhalfoflastyear2、确定地位takeholdTheeconomicrecoveryisjustbeginningtotakeholdnow.经济复苏的趋势刚刚开始稳定下

来。3、智囊团，智库thinktank4、sellsthoff减价出售，低价处理sell(sb)out背叛，出卖sellout卖光；售罄sellup（为移居他处或做别的事情而）出售房屋（或公司）deliver[dɪˈlɪvə(r)]v.投递，运送①togive,

direct,oraimsomething给出；指向；瞄准Thepriestdeliveredapassionatesermon/speechagainstwar.牧师发表了一篇充满激情的反战布道词／演讲。Thejurydeliveredaver

dictofnotguilty.陪审团作出了无罪判决。②toachieveorproducesomethingthathasbeenpromised实现；产生；兑现（诺言）Thegovernmenthasfailedtodeliver(whatitp

romised).政府没有兑现（承诺）。③to(help)givebirthtoababy给…助产；接生；分娩Shedeliveredherthirdchildathome.她在家里生下了她的第3个孩子。8④tosavesomeonefromapainfulorbade

xperience拯救，救助Istherenothingthatcanbedonetodeliverthesestarvingpeoplefromtheirsuffering?难道真的没有什么办法可以救救这些正在挨饿的人吗？yield[jiːld]v.①tosupplyorproducesomet

hingpositivesuchasaprofit,anamountoffoodorinformation出产，产生Theinvestigationyieldedsomeunexpectedresults

.调查得出了一些出乎意料的结果。②togiveupthecontroloforresponsibilityforsomething,oftenbecauseyouhavebeenforcedto（常指被迫）放弃

，让出Theywereforcedtoyield(up)theirlandtotheoccupyingforces.他们被迫将领土割让给占领军。③tobendorbreakunderpressure（

受压）弯曲，折断，垮掉Hislegsbegantoyieldunderthesheerweightofhisbody.他的双腿连自己的体重也承受不住，开始弯曲。④tostopinordertoallowothe

rvehiclestogopast,especiallybeforeyoudriveontoabiggerroad停车让道（以让其他车辆通过）Ifyou'regoingdownhill,youneedtoyieldtobikersgoinguphill.下山的时候，你需

要停车让上山的骑自行车的人先行。【词组】yieldtosth.顺从，服从n.anamountofsomethingpositive,suchasfoodorprofit,thatisproducedorsupplied出产

；产出Cropyieldshaverisensteadily.农作物产量稳步增长。spike[spaɪk]n.&v.n.①anarrow,thinshapewithasharppointatoneend,orsomething,es

peciallyapieceofmetal,withthisshape尖头，尖刺；（尤指金属的）尖状物Therewerelargespikesontopoftherailingstostoppeopleclimbingoverthem.栏杆顶端

装着粗大的尖钉，防止有人攀越。②averyhighamount,price,orlevel,usuallybeforeafall（通常在指下跌前）非常高的数量，价格或程度Ifpricespikescontinue,peoplewil

lnotbeabletoaffordthenewhousestheywant.如果价格上涨的趋势继续，人们将无力购买想要的新屋。v.①todecidenottopublishanarticleinanewspaper拒绝刊登；弃

置（文章）不用Thestorywasdeemedtoocontroversialandsotheyspikedit.他们认为这篇报道争议太大而拒绝刊登。②tomakeadrinkstrongerbyaddingalcohol,orto

addflavourorinteresttosomething将烈酒掺入（饮料）；使增添风味（或趣味）Sheclaimedthatsomeonehadspikedherdrinkwithwhisky.她声称有人在她的饮料里加了威士忌。Hiswritingisspikedwith

humour.他的文章中带有幽默诙谐的味道。③inthesportofvolleyball,tohittheballsothatitgoesalmoststraightdownontheothersideofthenet（排球运动中）扣（球）④topushas

harppointintosomethingorsomeone用尖物刺入；刺穿9Shegotbadlyspikedwhenoneoftherunnerstrodonherheel.一名跑步选手踩在她脚后跟上，她被严重扎伤了。⑤torisetoahigheram

ount,price,orlevel,usuallybeforegoingdownagain（通常指在下跌前）上升至非常高的数量（价格或程度）ThejoblessrateinOctoberspikedtoafive-yearhigh.十月份的失业率上升至五年来的最高点。