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1高考英语强调句一、强调的成分强调结构是:It+is/was+被强调成分+that+句子的剩余部分。如果我们要强调一个句子的某个部分时,就将要强调的那个部分放在itis/was与that之间,而句子的其余部分原封不动地直接放在that之后。此结构可强调除谓语动词外的各种成分。(1)强调
主语ItwashethatsawMr.WangonTVyesterday.是他在电视上看到了王先生。(2)强调宾语ItwasMr.WangthathesawonTVyesterday.他昨天在电视上看到的是王先生。(3)强调补语Itisg
reenthathehaspainedthedoor.他把门漆成绿色了。(4)强调表语Itisadoctorthathehasbecome.他已成为一名教师了。(5)强调地点状语ItwasonTVthathesawMr.Wangyesterday.他昨天是在电视上看到王先生
的。(6)强调时间状语ItwasyesterdaythathesawMr.WangonTV.是昨天他在电视看到王先生。(7)强调方式状语Itwasbybikethatwewenttothepark.我们是骑自行车去公园的。(8)强调各类从句Itwaswhathesaid
thatsurprisedme.是他讲的话让我吃谅。ItisbecausethebookissousefulformyworkthatIboughtit.正因为这本书对我很有用,我才买它。Itwasjustasheorderedthatshe
acteD.她正是照他吩咐的去做的。(9)强调not…until…中的时间状语Itwasnotuntil12o’clockthathewenttobeD.直到12点他才睡。(比较原句:Hedidn’tgotobeduntil12o’cl
ock.)ItwasnotuntilhisfathercamebackhomethathewenttobeD.直到他父亲回到家里他才睡。(比较原句:Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhisfathercamebackhome.)(10)强调非谓语动词Itwasplayingcomp
utergamesthatcosttheboyalotofmoney.电脑游戏花掉了这个孩子许多钱。ItwastogetmybrakesrepairedthatIbroughtmycarin,nottogettheenginereplac
ed!我开车来是修理刹车的而不是来换动力的。二、重要的考点强调句型的基本结构是“It+be+被强调成分+that(who)…”。如:Heboughtthebookinthisshopyesterday.→Itwashethatboughtthebookinthisshopyesterda
y.(强调主语he)→Itwasthebookthatheboughtinthisshopyesterday.(强调宾语thebook)→Itwasinthisshopthatheboughtthebookyesterday.(强调地点状语inthisshop)综观近几
年的语法考题,我们发现对强调句型的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:2一、考查强调句的基本形式这类考题主要涉及被强调成分为介词短语的情形。如:It’sintheparkthatJackmetyoursisteryesterday.杰克昨天是在公园与你的姐姐见面的。Itisonpo
liticalquestionsthattheirviewsaredifferent.他们在政治问题上见解不同。【真题实例】1.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm_________weworkeD.A.thatB.thereC.whichD
.where2.Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature_________hechosethecourse.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.h
ow[参考答案]分别为DA二、考查强调句的特殊疑问句形式强调句型的陈述句形式和一般疑问句形式一般还好理解,但若以特殊疑问句形式出现,则很容易误解。比较:Jimtoldusthenews.(非强调句)→ItwasJimthattold
usthenews.(强调句型的陈述句形式)→WasitJimthattoldusthenews.(强调句型的一般疑问句形式)→Whowasitthattoldusthenews.(强调句型的特殊疑问句形式)特殊疑问句形式的强调句可视为对陈述句强调中的
被强调成分提问得来,如对ItwasyesterdaythathearriveD.这一句中的yesterday提问,即得到Whenwasitthathearrived?请再看以下例子:Howlongagoisitthatyoulastsawher?你上一次看见她是多久以前的事
?WhyisitthatIalwayslandupcleaningthebath?为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸?WhowasitthatwontheWorldCupin1982?谁赢得了1982年的世界杯?【真题
实例】1.Ijustwonder_________thatmakeshimsoexciteD.A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis2.—_________thathemanagetogettheinformation.—O
h,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WherewasitB.Whatwasit3C.HowwasitD.Whywasit3.Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess._________youwa
ntmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat[参考答案]分别为DCA三、考查被强调成分为从句的情形如果被强调成分为一个词或一
个词组还比较好理解,但如果被强调的是一个从句,则比较容易出错。如:ItwasafterhegotmarriedthathegottoknowMary.他是在结婚之后才认识玛丽的。Itwasnotwhathehesaidbuthowhebehavedthatmadeusangry.使
我们生气的不是他说的话,而是他做的样子。【真题实例】1.Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright_________isofimportance.A.whichB.itC.thatD.this2.Id
on’tmindhercriticizingme,but_________ishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which3.Itwasafterhegotwhathe
haddesired_________herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as4.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyouway_________matters.A.thatB.whatC.w
hichD.this[参考答案]分别为CAAA四、考查not...until句式的强调结构其基本形式为Itis(was)notuntil…that…。比较:Hedidn'tcomeuntilhiswifeleft.他妻
子走了之后他才来。→Itwasnotuntilhiswifeleftthathecame.他妻子走了之后他才来。Theydidn'tstartuntiltherainstoppeD.直到雨停他们才出发。→Itwasnotuntil
therainstoppedthattheystarteD.直到雨停他们才出发。注:这类句型不用倒装语序,但若改成Notuntil…,则要用倒装。如:4Notuntilhiswifeleftdidhecome.他妻子走了之后他才来。Notuntilther
ainstoppeddidtheystart.直到雨停他们才出发。【真题实例】1.It_________wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks_________Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB
.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that2.Itwasnotuntilshegothome_________Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.bef
ore3.Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlater_________Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that[参考答案]分别为DBD五、考查强
调句与非强调句的辨别1.设置陷阱,使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如:ItmighthavebeenJohn_________boughtapresentforMaryyesterday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which
【解析】答案选A,为强调句型,由于句中动词be采用了mighthavebeen这一复杂结构,所以许多同学们可能会看不出它是一个强调句型。2.设置陷阱,使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如:Itwaseveningwereachedthelittletow
nofWinchester.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.before【解析】答案选D。有的考生一看到句首的itwas,再联系到选项中的that,就以为这是考查强调句。其实错了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉Itwas…tha
t这一结构后,原句不能成为一个完整的句子,所以这不是强调结构。句意是:我们还没有到达Winchester这个小镇,天就夜了。三、强调句的特殊疑问句考题请看下面的题,是考查强调句吗?它是强调句的什么形式?“Howwas______theydiscovered
theentrancetotheundergroundpalace?”“Totallybychance.”A.itthat5B.hethatC.itwhenD.hewhich【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。【分析】答案选A,为强调句的特殊疑问句形式,其相应的陈述句形式
为:Itwastotallybychancethattheydiscoveredtheentrancetotheundergroundpalace.比较以下各题,它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式:(1)Whowasi
t_____savedthedrowninggirl?A.sinceB.asC.thatD.he答案选C,被强调成分为who,该句实为类似ItwasTomthatsavedthedrowninggirl.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其中的Tom提问而得)
。(2)Whatisit_____hisdaughterneedsmost?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.if答案选C,被强调成分为what,该句实为类似Itisabikethathisdaughterneedsmost.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式(即对其
中的abike提问而得)。强调句还是状语从句这道题是考查强调句还是状语从句?仔细看看:—Wasitunderthetree_____youwereawaytalkingtoafriend?—Sure.Butwhe
nIgotbackthere,thebikewasgone.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.while【陷阱】此题很容易误选A,认为这是强调句型。【分析】其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确
理解上下文的语境。在此句中,it是代词,指代thebike,句意为:“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候,你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然,但当我回来时,自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下,假若选A,将此句判为强调句,句子即为Wasitunderthetree
thatyouwereawaytalkingtoafriend?若进一步转换为非强调句,句子则为Underthetreewhileyouweretalkingtoafriend,句意显然很荒唐。这道题是考查强调句
还是定语从句?这道题是考查强调句还是定语从句?还是……Itwasinthesmallhouse______wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather______hespenthischildhooD.A.w
hich,thatB.that,whichC.which,whichD.that,where【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选,主要是分不清为强调句型,或即使分清为强调句型,也分不清强调哪一个成分。【分析】答案选A,第一空填which,用以引导定语从句;第二空填that,为强调句的结构6词,被强调
部分为inthesmallhouse(以及修饰它的定语从句whichwasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather)。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子:(1)Itwastheboy____
_hadbeeninprison_____stolethemoney.A.who,whereB.that,howC.who,thatD.that,which此题答案选C,全句为强调句,被强调成分是theboy(以及修饰它的定语从句whohadbeeninprison)。(2)Itwas
justintheroom_____hewasborn_____hedieD.A.where,whichB.that,thatC.where,thatD.which,that此题答案选C,全句为强调句,
被强调成分是inthisroom,wherehewasborn为修饰theroom的定语从句。Itis...that通常不能强调哪些成分请看一道题:Itwasateacherthatshe__________.A.wasB.seemedC.lookedD.ma
rried此题应选D。从句意上看似乎4个选项都行,其实这里只能填D。因为填A,B,C中的任意一个选项,都会导致句中的ateacher成为表语,然而按照强调句句法规则,Itis...that这一强调句型
是不能强调表语的。一般说来,以下成分不能用于强调句中的被强调部分:1.表语:她很美。[正]Sheisbeautiful.[误]Itisbeautifulsheis.他是医生。[正]Heisadoctor.[误]Itisadoctorthatheis.但是宾
语补足语却可以用作被强调部分:他们选他担任主席。[正]Theyelectedhimchairman.[正]Itwaschairmanthattheyelectedhim.2.since,as原因状语从句(但because从句却可以):他不能来是因为他病了。[正]Itisbecauseh
eisillthathecan’tcome.[误]Itissince[as]he’sillthathecan’tcome.3.although引导的让步状语从句:虽然累了,但他还是去了。[正]Hewenta
lthoughhewastireD.[误]Itwasalthoughhewastiredthathewent.