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1高考英语阅读理解专项练习班级考号姓名总分一、生态环保类（一）Weproduce500billionofplasticbagsinayearworldwideandtheyarethrownawaypollutingocean

s，killingwildlifeandgettingdumpedinlandfillswheretheytakeupto1000yearstodecompose.Researchershavebeenunsuccessfullylook

ingforasolution.The16yearoldCanadianhighschoolstudent，DanielBurd,fromWaterlooCollegiateInstitute,hasdiscoveredawaytomakeplasticba

gsdegrade(分解)inasfewas3months，afindingthatwonhimfirstprizeattheCanada－WideScienceFair，a$10000prize，a$2

0000scholarship,andachancetorevolutionizeamajorenvironmentalissue.Burd'sstrategywassimple:Sinceplasticdoeseventuallydegrade,itmustbeeatenb

ymicroorganisms(微生物).Ifthosemicroorganismscouldbeidentified,wecouldputthemtoworkeatingtheplasticmuchfastertha

nundernormalconditions.Withthisgoalinmind,hegroundplasticbagsintoapowderandconcocted(调制)asolutionofhouseh

oldchemicals,yeast(酵母)andtapwatertoencouragemicrobesgrowth.Thenheaddedtheplasticpowderandletthemicrobesworktheirmagicf

or3months.Finally，hetestedtheresultingbacterialcultureonplasticbags，exposingoneplasticsampletodeadbacteriaasacontrol.Suree

nough,theplasticexposed(暴露)tothelivebacteriawas17%lighterthanthecontrolaftersixweeks.Theinputsarechea

p：maintainingtherequiredtemperaturetakeslittleenergybecausemicrobesproduceheatastheywork,andtheonlyoutputsarewater

andtinylevelsofcarbondioxide.“AlmosteveryweekIhavetodochoresandwhenIopentheclosetdoor,Ihavepilesofplasticbagsfallingontopof

me.Oneday,IgottiredofitandIwantedtoknowwhatotherpeoplearedoingwiththeseplasticbags.Theanswer：notmuch.SoIde

cidedtodosomethingmyself.”saidDanielBurD.1.DanielBurdwonfirstprizeattheCanada－WideScienceFairbecause___A.hefoundanewkin

dofmicroorganismB.hecontributedmuchtoenvironmentalprotectionC.hefoundawaytodegradeplasticsinshortertimeD.hecouldencour

agemicrobesgrowthinaneasierway2.DanielBurdexposedoneplasticsampletodeadbacteriato___.A.makethelivebact

eriaworkbetterB.testhoweffectivehismethodwasC.knowwhichbacteriaworkedfasterD.controlthetemperatureinthe

process3.Maintainingtherequiredtemperaturetakeslittleenergybecause___A.plasticscangethoteasilyB.microbescanpr

oduceheatthemselvesC.muchcarbondioxideisproducedD.thetemperaturecanbecontrolled24.DanielBurdgothisideafrom____A.hisschooltextbookB.thefail

ureofresearchersC.hiseverydayworkD.thepracticeofotherpeople（二）ItwasavillageinIndia.Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywe

renotunhappy.Afterall,theirforefathershadlivedinthesamewayforcenturies.Thenoneday,somevisitorsfromthecityarriveD.The

ytoldthevillagersthereweresomepeopleelsewherewholikedtoeatfrog'slegs.However,theydidnothaveenoughfrogsoftheirown，andsotheywantedtobuyfrogsf

romotherplaces.Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.Thereweremillionsoffrogsinthefieldsaround，andtheywerenousetothevillagers.Alltheyhadtodow

ascatchthem.Agreementwasreached，andthechildrenweresentintothefieldstocatchfrogs.Everyweekatruckarrivedtocollectthecatchandhandoverthe

money.Forthefirsttime,thepeoplewereabletodreamofabetterfuture.Butthedreamdidn'tlastlong.Thechangewashardlynoticedatfirst,butitseemeda

sifthecropswerenotdoingsowell.Moreworryingwasthatthechildrenfellillmoreoften,and,thereseemedtobemoreinsectsaroundla

tely.Thevillagersdecidedthattheycouldn'tjustwaittoseethecropsfailingandthechildrengettingweak.Theywouldhaveto

usethemoneyearnedtobuypesticides(杀虫剂)andmedicines.Soontherewasnomoneyleft.Thenthepeoplerealizedwhatwashappening.Itwasthefrog.Theyhadn'tbe

enuseless.Theyhadbeendoinganimportantjob—eatinginsects.Nowwithsomanyfrogskilled,theinsectswereincreasingmorerapidly.Theyweredamagi

ngthecropsandspreadingdiseases.Now，thepeoplearestillpoor.Butintheeveningstheysitinthevillagesquareandlistentosoundsofinsectsandfrogs.Thes

esoundsofthenightnowhaveamuchdeepermeaning.1.FromParagraph1，welearnthatthevillagers_______A.workedve

ryhardforcenturiesB.dreamedofhavingabetterlifeC.werepoorbutsomewhatcontentD.livedadifferentlifefromtheirforefathers2.Whydidthevillag

ersagreetosellfrogs?A.Thefrogswereeasymoney.B.Theyneededmoneytobuymedicine.C.Theywantedtopleasethevisitors

.D.Thefrogsmadetoomuchnoise.3.Whatmightbethecauseofthechildren'ssickness?A.Thecropsdidn'tdowell.B.Thereweret

oomanyinsects.C.Thevisitorsbroughtindiseases.D.ThepesticideswereoveruseD.4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsente

nceofthetext?A.Happinesscomesfrompeacefullifeinthecountry.B.Healthismoreimportantthanmoney.3C.Theharmonybetweenmanan

dnatureisimportant.D.Goodolddayswillneverbeforgotten.（三）Theneedtofeedagrowingpopulationisputtingmuchpressureontheworld'ssupplyo

fwater.With97%oftheworld'swatertoosaltytobedrunkorusedinagriculture,theworldwidesupplyofwaterneedscarefulmanagement,especiallyinagri

culture.Althoughtheideaofawatershortage(短缺)seemsstrangetosomeonefortunateenoughtoliveinahighrainfallcountry,manyoftheworld'sagric

ulturalindustriesexperienceconstantwatershortages.Althoughdamscanbebuilttostorewaterforagriculturaluseindryareasanddryseasons,thecostsofwate

rredistribution(重新分配)areveryhigh.Notonlyistherethecostoftheengineeringitself,butthereisalsoanenvironmentalcosttobeconsidereD.Wherevalleys(山谷)ar

efloodedtocreatedams,housesarelostandwildlifehomesdestroyeD.Besides,watermayfloweasilythroughpipestofields,butitcannotbetranspo

rtedfromonesideoftheworldtotheother.Eachcountrymustthereforerelyonthemanagementofitsownwatertosupplyitsfarmin

grequirements.Thisisparticularlytroublingforcountrieswithagriculturalindustriesinareasdependentonirrigation(灌溉).InTexas,farmers'ov

eruseofirrigationwaterhasresultedina25%reductionofthewaterstores.IntheCentralValleyareaofsouthwesternUSA,ahugewaterengine

eringprojectprovidedwaterforfarmingindryvalleys,butmuchofthewaterusehasbeenpoorlymanageD.SaudiArabia'sattemptstogrowwheatindesertareasha

veseenthepumpingofhugequantitiesofirrigationwaterfromundergroundreserves.Becausethereisnorainfallintheseareas,suchreservescanonlydecrease,anditisbel

ievedthatfiftyyearsofpumpingwillseethemrundry.1.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat____A.muchoftheworld'swaterisa

vailableforuseB.peopleinhighrainfallcountriesfeelluckyC.thecostsofwaterredistributionshouldbeconsideredD.watercanbeeasilycarriedthroughpipesacro

sstheworld2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThewaterstoresinTexashavebeenreducedby75%.B.Mostindustriesintheworld

sufferfromwatershortages.C.TheundergroundwaterinSaudiArabiamightrunoutin50years.D.Goodmanagementofwateruseresu

ltedfromtheprojectintheCentralValley.3.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Stepstoimprovingwaterusemanagement.B.Waystoredu

cethecostsofbuildingdams.C.Measurestodealwithworldwidewatershortages.D.Approachestohandlingthepressureonwatersupply.4.Thetextismainlyabout_____.A.wat

ersupplyandincreasingpopulationB.waterusemanagementandagricultureC.waterredistributionandwildlifeprotectionD.watershortage

sandenvironmentalprotection4二、人物传记类（一）ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobile(汽车).ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.

ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmove

dacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrue,either.Manyfactoryownersusedmethodsofth

iskindbeforeForD.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.Andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproduction

line.Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracing

car.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.Theracewasin1901,a

tafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:theWintonandFord's.TheWintonwasfamousfori

tsspeeD.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.TheWintontookanearlyleaD.Buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepowe

r.Fordstartedtogain.Andneartheendoftherace,hetooktheleaD.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.Hisnameappea

redinnewspapersandhebecamewell??knownallovertheUnitedStates.Withinweeksoftherace,HenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.In1903,adoctorinD

etroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.That_salewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:“Iwillbuildamotorcarforth

egreatmassofpeople.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthe

bestmaterials.ItwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployeD.Anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodernengineeringcanproduce.Itwi

llbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.”TheModelTwasacarofthatkinD.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdri

verscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT.Sodidfarmers.Evencriminals.Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.Ame

ricanslovedtheModelT.Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.ThousandsofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.1.Whatdoweknowabo

utHenryFordfromParagraph1?A.Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.B.HeproducedthefirstcarintheworldC.Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.D.Heinventedt

heproductionline.2.WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?A.Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.B.Todrawpublicattention.C.Tolearnaboutnewtechnology.D.Torais

emoneyforhisnewcompany.3.“Thatsale”inParagraph4refersto_____.A.thesellingofFordcarsatreducedpricesB.th

esaleofModelTtothemassofpeopleC.thesellingofacartoaDetroitdoctor5D.thesalestargetfortheFordCompany4.WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtot

hetext?A.Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.B.Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.C.Designingmorecarmodels.D.Sta

rtingmorecompanies.（二）JacquelineBouvierKennedyOnassiswasoneofthemostprivatewomenintheworld,yetwhenshewenttoworkasaneditorinthelasttwodecadesofherlif

e,sherevealed(展现)herselfasshedidnowhereelse.Afterthedeathofhersecondhusband,Greekshippingmagnate(巨头)AristotleOnassis,Jacquel

ine'sclosefriendandformerWhiteHousesocialsecretaryLetitiaBaldrigemadeasuggestionthatsheconsideracareer(职业)inpublishing.Af

terconsideration,Jacquelineacceptedit.Perhapsshehopedtofindtheresomeideasabouthowtoliveherownlife.Shebecamenotlessbutmor

einterestedinreading.Forthelast20yearsofherlife,Jacquelineworkedasapublisher'seditor，firstatViking,thenatDoubleday,pursuing(追

求)alate??lifecareerlongerthanhertwomarriagescombineD.Duringhertimeinpublishing,shewasresponsibleformanagingandeditingmor

ethan100successfullymarketedbooks.AmongthefirstbookswereIntheRussianStyleandInventiveParisClothes.ShealsosucceededinpersuadingTVhostsBi

llMoyersandJosephCampbelltotransformtheirpopulartelevisionconversationsintoabook,ThePowerofMyth.Theb

ookwentontobecomeaninternationalbest??seller.Shedealt,too,withMichaelJacksonashepreparedhisautobiography(自传)，Moonwalk.Jacquelinemayhavebeenhir

edforhernameandforhersocialrelations,butshesoonprovedherworth.Herchoices,suggestionsandwidespreadsocialrelationswereofbenefitbothtothepublishi

ngfirmsandtoJacquelineherself.Inthebookssheselectedforpublication,shebuiltonalifetimeofspendingtimebyherselfasareaderandleftarecordofthegrowthof

herminD.Herbooksaretheautobiographysheneverwrote.HerroleasFirstLady,intheend,wasovershadowedbyherperformanceasan

editor.However,fewknewthatshehadachievedsomuch.1.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatJacqueline____A.becamefondofreadinga

fterworkingasaneditorB.wasinchargeofpublishing100booksC.promotedherbooksthroughsocialrelationsD.gainedalotfromhercareerasaneditor2.Theunderlinedsen

tenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat____A.JacquelineendedupasaneditorratherthanasFirstLadyB.Jacqueline'slifeasFirstLadywas

morecolorfulthanasaneditorC.JacquelinewasmoresuccessfulasaneditorthanasFirstLadyD.Jacqueline'sroleasFirstLadywasmorebril

liantthanasaneditor3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Jacqueline'stwomarriageslastedmorethan20years.B.J

acqueline'sownpublishingfirmwassetupeventually.C.Jacqueline'sviewsandbeliefswerereflectedinthebookssheediteD.D.Jacqueline's

achievementswerewidelyknown.4.Thepassageismainly_____.A.anintroductionofJacqueline'slifebothasFirstLadyandasaneditor6B.abriefdesc

riptionofJacqueline'slifelongexperiencesC.abriefaccountofJacqueline'scareerasaneditorinherlast20yearsD.ananalysisofJacqueline'ssocialrel

ationsinpublishing（三）ArthurMiller(1915—2005)isuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.Miller'

sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustria??Hungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe“GreatAmericanDream”.However,heexperiencedseverefina

ncialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepressionoftheearly1930s.Miller'smostfamousplay,Deathof

aSalesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicatorsofworth

.InWillyLoman,theherooftheplay,weseeamanwhohasgotintotroublewiththissystem.Willyis“burntout”andinthecruelworldofbu

sinessthereisnoroomforsentiment:ifhecan'tdothework,thenheisnogoodtohisemployer,theWagnerCompany,andhemustgo.Wi

llyispainfullyawareofthis,andatalossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.Herefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimsel

fintheenD.Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews,anditwontheTonyAwardforBestPlay,theNewYorkDramaCritics'CircleAward,

andthePulitzerPrizeforDrama.Itwasthefirstplaytowinallthreeofthesemajorawards.Millerdiedofheartfailur

eathishomeinRoxbury,Connecticut,ontheeveningofFebruary10,2005,the56thanniversaryofthefirstperformanceofDeathofaSale

smanonBroadway.1.WhydidArthurMiller'sfathermovetotheUSA?A.Hesufferedfromseverehungerinhishomecountry.B.Hewasattractedby

the“GreatAmericanDream.”C.Hehopedtomakehissonadramatist.D.Hisfamilybusinessfailed2.TheplayDeathofaSalesman_____A.e

xposesthecrueltyoftheAmericanbusinessworldB.discussesthewaystogetpromotedinacompanyC.talksaboutthebusinesscareerofArthurMillerD.focusesontheskills

indoingbusiness3.WhatcanwelearnaboutWillyLoman?A.Hetreatshisemployerbadly.B.HerunstheWagnerCompany.C.HeisavictimoftheAmeric

ansystem.D.Heisregardedasaherobyhiscolleagues.4.Afteritwasfirststaged,DeathofaSalesman________.A.achievedhugesucc

essB.wonthefirstTonyAwardC.waswarmlywelcomedbysalesmenD.wasseverelyattackedbydramatists5.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ArthurMilleran

dhisfamily.B.TheawardsArthurMillerwon.C.ThehardshipArthurMillerexperienceD.D.ArthurMillerandhisbest??knownplay.7三、社会文化类（一）Cass

andraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby:SheplantedvegetablesinheryarD.Forherfirstgard

en,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeach

ickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbeca

use,shesaid,“ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpounds,too;soit'sawin??winsituationallarounD.”Theyareamongthegrow

ingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy(经济),havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.Othershaveincreasedthesiz

eoftheirexistinggardens.Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome

.Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.InAustin,Tex.,someofthegardenshaveathree??yearwaitinglist.GeorgeC.BallJr.,ownerofacomp

any,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplantsareupby40%overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthofthelastfiveyears.Mr.Ballarguesthatsomeofthereaso

nshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.Thebigoneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togethe

rwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreasedbecauseofhigheroilprices.Peoplearenowdrivingless,takingf

ewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.1.Whatdoestheword“residents”inParagraph1probablyreferto?A.chickensB.tomatoesC.gar

densD.people2.Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?A.MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.B.Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefor

e.C.There'sagrowingneedforfruits.D.Thecostoflivingisontherise.3.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Family

FoodPlanningB.BankingonGardeningC.ABelttighteningMoveD.GardeningasaHobby活费用，所以应选B项，bank作为动词是“存款”的意思。（二）Whilesmallm

aybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.T

heTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohote

lsandrestaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall，showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg??roomallmakelifedifficult

forthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.8Butitisnotjusttheextra??tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbe

enincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchangeD.“Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthan

thepersonusingit,soevenaking??sizebedat6′6″(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmen,whilethestandard6′3″bedcatersforless

thanhalfofthemalepopulation，”saidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy，“Seven??footbedswouldworkfine.”Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofprob

lems.Smalltables,whichmeanthelong??leggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoel

sewhere.Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHouses'CaledonianHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbe

dsfromtallervisitors，particularlyAmericans.1.WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?A.Toprovidebetterservices

.B.Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.C.Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.D.Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.2

.WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricy?A.7′2″B.7′C.6′6″D.6′3″3.Whatmayhappe

ntorestaurantswithsmalltables?A.Theymaylosesomecustomers.B.Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.C.Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthe

tables.D.Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong??leggeD.4.WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?A.Tallpeoplepaymoreforl

argerbeds.B.6′6″bedshavetakentheplaceof6′3″beds.C.SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.D.GuestroomsarestandardizeD.（三）Whenmilkarrivedonthe

doorstepWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.H

eworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5??year??oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringade

liveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.Ifweneededt

ochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote－“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”－andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.Andthen,thebutter

milkwouldmagicallyappear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmi

lkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilkwouldn'tfreeze.AndI

rememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable,havinga9cupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdeliv

ery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmento

compete.Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbac

kmychildhoodmemories.Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(门廊).Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingsto

riesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.1.Mr.Basillegavetheboyaquarterou

tofhiscoinchanger____.A.toshowhismagicalpowerB.topayforthedeliveryC.tosatisfyhiscuriosityD.topleasehismother2

.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy'shouse?A.Hewantedtohaveteathere.B.Hewastreatedasafamilymember.C.Hewasarespectable

person.D.Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.3.Whydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexist?A.Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow.B.Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.C.Itsse

rviceisgettingpoor.D.Itisforbiddenbylaw.4.Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?A.Hemissedthegoodolddays.B.Hewantedtotellinterestings

tories.C.Heneededitforhismilkbottles.D.Heplantedflowersinit.10附：参考答案和解析一、生态环保类（一）1.C细节理解题。从文章第二段可知，他因发现短时间降解塑料袋的方法而获奖，故答案选C项。2.B推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“...ex

posingoneplasticsampletodeadbacteriaasacontrol”可推断，他这样做的目的在于测试他的方法是否有效，所以答案为B项。3.B细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段中的“maintainingtherequiredtemperaturetakeslittleenergy

becausemicrobesproduceheatastheywork”可知答案选B项。4.C推理判断题。从文章最后一段丹尼尔·伯德说的话可推知，他是从每天的工作中得到启发的，故答案选C项。（二）本篇文章为

记叙文。主要讲述印度一个小村庄的人们在外乡人的诱导下为了追求金钱收益捕杀青蛙，结果破坏了生态平衡。意识到这个问题后，他们及时停止了捕杀，重新回到了宁静的乡村生活。1.C细节理解题。第一段中有“Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywerenotunhappy.”和C项

意思一致。2.A细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.”句中fornothing是“免费的”意思，说明青蛙容易得到，并能赚到钱，村民才答应卖。3.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The

yhadbeendoinganimportantjob—eatinginsects.Nowwithsomanyfrogskilled,theinsectswereincreasingmorerapidly.Theyweredamagingthecropsandspreadingdiseases

.”可以推断出庄稼收成不好，孩子生病与青蛙减少、害虫增多有关。4.C推理判断题。最后一句说明人们过度捕杀造成生态失衡，由此也影响了人类，因此，可以推断人与自然的和谐是重要的。（三）世界的可用淡水资源有限，但农业在利用

水资源过程中存在不尽如人意之处，本文指出了其中的一些问题。1.C细节理解题，由文中第一段第二句“With97%oftheworld'swatertoosaltytobedrunkorusedinagriculture...”可知A选项错误；由第一段第三句

“...strangetosomeonefortunateenoughtoliveinahighrainfallcountry...”可知B选项不合文意；第二段前两句指出水资源的重新分配的费用极高，一方面是水利过程本身的造价，另一方

面也会对生态造成极大的破坏，所以选项C正确，根据第二段第四句“...itcannotbetransportedfromonesideoftheworldtotheother.”可知D项不正确。2.C细节理解题。根

据文章第三段第二句“...hasresultedina25%reductionofthewaterstores.”可判断A选项不正确；由第一段最后一句可判断B选项错误；由文章最后一句“...fiftyyearsofpumpingwills

eethemrundry.”可知C项正确。根据文章第三段最后一句可知D项不正确。3.A判断推理题。文章前面一部分主要是讲述农业在利用水资源过程中存在的问题，接下来应该是介绍加强水资源管理的方法和措施，所以A选项正确。4.B主旨大意题。由第一段

第二句可知。二、人物传记类（一）1.A细节理解题。根据第一段的“WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter”.可知，A项符合题意

。2.B细节理解题。根据第二段的“Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecided

tobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.”可知，B项符合题意。3.C词义猜测题。由第四段画线单词前的一句“In1903,adoctorinDetroitb

oughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.”以及画线单词所在的一句可知，C项符合题意。4.A推理判断题。根据第四段的ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsai

d：“Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople...makinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.”可知，A项符合题意。（二）1.D细节理解题。由短文第一段中的“...shewenttowo

rkasaneditorinthelasttwodecadesofherlife,sherevealedherselfasshedidnowhereelse”可推出她在自己的编辑事业中获益很大。故选D项。112.C细节理解题。根据画线句后面的“然而，很少有人知道她取得了这么多

成就”可知，画线句的含义是：她作为第一夫人的角色最终在她作为编辑的出色表现前黯然失色。故选C项。3.C推理判断题。由最后一段倒数第三句“Herbooksaretheautobiographysheneverwrote.”即她编辑的书籍就是

她从来没有写过的自传。由此可知，她的观点和信仰都反映在她所编辑的书籍中。故选C项。4.C主旨大意题。由短文第一段中“...asaneditorinthelasttwodecadesofherlife...”以及整篇文章的叙述可知，

本文主要介绍Jacqueline生命中最后20年的编辑生涯。故选C项。（三）1.B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Miller'sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustria??Hungary，d

rawnlikesomanyothersbythe‘GreatAmericanDream’”可知，他父亲移居美国像其他许多人一样是受当年伟大的美国梦吸引。2.A推理判断题。根据第二段可知，这部戏剧对美国制度是一个抨击，它表现了咄咄逼人的做生意的方式以及坚信金钱和

社会地位才是财富的象征。主人公Willy陷入困境，然而生意场上残酷无情：如果他做不了，那么对老板而言，他就一无是处，他必须离开。故此部戏剧揭露了美国职场的残酷。3.C推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Willyi

spainfullyawareofthis,andatalossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.HerefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheenD.”可知主人公面对失败无

所适从，无法面对现实，从而走向毁灭，成了美国资本主义制度下美国梦的牺牲者。故选C项。4.A细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这部戏剧自1949第一次搬上银幕就获得了“托尼戏剧音乐奖”、“纽约戏剧评论奖”、“普利策戏剧奖”三项大奖，获得极大的成功。因此A项正确。5

.D主旨大意题。纵观全文不难看出本文主要介绍ArthurMiller以及他的戏剧DeathofaSalesman《推销员之死》。其他选项都不全面，只是文中叙述的一部分。故D项正确。三、社会文化类（一）1.A词义

猜测题。根据前半句可知，这家的农舍变成了鸡舍，所以下个月要住进来的应该是“鸡”。2.D推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“Thecostofeverythingisgoingup”和第二段第一句中的“hi

gherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy”以及最后一段第三句中的“thestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk，togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables”

可以看出，种植蔬菜流行的原因是生活费用的提高。3.B主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，很多人种植蔬菜不仅是出于爱好，更重要的是为了节省生活费用，所以应选B项，bank作为动词是“存款”的意思。（二）1.C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话可知，这次活动的目的是引起公众对高个子的人的需要

的关注。2.B细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“Seven??footbedswouldworkfine.”可知，床铺的合适长度是7英尺。3.A推理判断题。根据第五段可知，餐桌太小会使高个子的人们到别的地方去(吃饭)，也就是说，餐桌太小的饭店

会失去一些客人。4.B细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，爱丁堡的一家宾馆已经使用6英尺6英寸的床铺作为标准床铺，故选B项。（三）1.C推理判断题。根据第一段最后可以看出，当时作者只是一个5岁的孩子，对送奶人腰带上的投币器很好奇，善良的送

奶人把一枚硬币送给作者，是为了满足其好奇心，所以应选C项。2.D推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，家里人与送奶人之间关系很密切，送奶人甚至有家里的钥匙，由此推断送奶人得到了充分的信任，故选D项。3.B细节理解题。根据第四段可知，激烈的竞争和购买的便利使得送奶上门退出了

市场，无法存在下去，故选B项。4.A推理判断题。由最后一段可以看出，作者有一种怀旧的心理，想念儿时的时光，感觉送奶人送来牛奶的同时，也带来了友谊，故选A项。