【文档说明】中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 说明文四（含答案）.doc，共(9)页，63.241 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.ichengzhen.cn/view-181127.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

一、阅读理解（共5题）1、Foryears,ithasbeensaidthatnewspapersareatdeath’sdoor.Eachofthepastfewyearshasseenmanynewspaperssaygoodbyetotheir

readers.Butwhyisthesituationsoterriblefornewspapers?Newspapershavealonghistory.Thefirstnewspaperwasprintedinthe1600s.Theindustryexperienc

editsmostsuccessfultimeintheearly20thcentury.WiththeappearanceofradioandTV,however,newspapercirculation（发行量）began

tofall.Bythemid-20century,radioandTVhadbecomesopopularthatpeoplenolongerhadtodependonnewspapersfornews.Thiswasespeciallytrueforthelatestnews.A

fternoonnewspaperswerethefirsttosuffer.MoreandmorepeoplecominghomefromworkturnedontheTV,insteadofopeninganewspaper.Butgenerally,newspaperssti

llmanagedtosurvive（生存）.Althoughtheycouldn’tcompetewithTVinspreadingthelatestnews,theycouldprovidein-depthre

portsthatTVnewscouldnot.Butnewspaperssufferedanotherheavierblowinthe1990s.WiththeappearanceoftheInternet,lotsofinformationbeca

mefree.Manynewspaperreadersrealizedthattheycouldconvenientlyreadnewsonlineforfree.Thereseemedtobelittlereasonanylongerforthemtopayforane

wspaper.Sowhatwillthefutureofnewspapersbelike?Willnewspapersdie?Maybenot.Manynewspapersarenowchanging.S

omearegoingdigital（数字化的）.Somearegoingevenfartherbytakingtheindustrytoplacesithasneverbeento.Afterall,peop

lestillwantthenews.Andmanyagreethatnewspapersareimportantforin-depthnewsandopinions.Ifnewspapersweretocompletelydisappear,ther

ewouldbenothingtotaketheirplace.23．Whenwasthefirstnewspaperprinted?A．Inthe1600s.B．Inthe1900s.C．Intheearly20thcentury.D．Inthemid-20thce

ntury.24．HowdidnewspapersmanagetosurviveagainstcompetitionfromTV?A．Bygoingdigital.B．ByworkingwithTV.C．Byincludingmorepictures.D．Byfocusingonin

-depthreports.25．Newspaperssufferedagaininthe1990sbecause________.A．peoplelostinterestinreadingnewsB．newspapersbecamemoree

xpensiveC．TVstartedtofocusonin-depthnewsD．peoplecouldreadnewsonlineforfree26．Whichofthefollowingwouldthewritermo

stlikelyagreewith?A．Thefutureofnewspapersishopeless.B．Thefutureofnewspapersisstilluncertain.C．Manynewspaperswilldieinthenearfuture.D

．Afternoonnewspaperswillbecomepopularagain.2、Babieswillnaturallysharefoodwithhungrystrangers,evenwhenthey’rehungrythemselves,acco

rdingtoanewstudypublishedinScientificReports.Inthestudy,theresearchersfirstdidanexperimenton19-month-olds.Thetimewas

about75minutesaftertheirlastsnackormeal.Intheexperiment,anunfamiliaradultreachedforpiecesoffreshfruitthathadbeenplacedonadis

hinfrontofachild,andthechildcouldchoosetoeithersharethefruitwiththeadultorkeepthefruitandeatithimself/herself.Almost60%ofthechildre

nsharedatleastonepieceoffruitwiththeadult.Inafollow-upexperiment,theresearchershadthechildren’sparentsb

ringtheminjustbeforetheirnextscheduledsnackormeal,soonaverage,ithadbeenmorethan130minutessincetheylastate.Theresearcherswanted

toknowwhetherthesechildren,whowerehungrythemselves,wouldstillsharefoodwithsomeoneinneed.Theresultsshowedthatalmost40%ofthechildrenwerewilli

ngtoshareatleastonepieceoffruitwiththeadultwhoreachedforthefood.Someotherexperimentresultsalsoshowedthatchildrenasyoungason

eyearoldlikedtohelpothersinneed,evenwhentheythemselveswantedtogetsomething.26．Wherecanwereadthenewstudy?A．Inachildren’sbook.B．InScientificRepo

rts.C．Inthefoodmagazine.D．Inapopularnewspaper.27．Whomdidtheresearchersdothefirstexperimenton?A．Someadults.B．19-monthbabies.C．Childr

en’sparents.D．Manystrangers.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scheduled”mostprobablymean?A．Leftthedaybefore.B．Overcooked.C．Plannedaheadof

time.D．Home-made.29．Whatcanweknowfromthethirdandfourthparagraphs?A．Thebabiesatethingsveryslowly.B．Thebabiesdidn’tlikesna

cksormeals.C．Thoughyoung,thebabiessharedfoodwithparents.D．Thoughhungry,thebabieswerestillwillingtoshare.30．Whydidtheres

earcherscarryouttheexperiments?A．Toshowbabiesliketosharenaturally.B．Toknowhowmuchchildrencaneat.C．Toteachchildrenhowtohelpothers.D．To

adviseadultstolookafterbabies.3、Whatisatsunami（海啸）?Tsunamisareoftencausedbyearthquakesorvolcanoes（火山）.Theaveragespeed（平均速度）ofthewaves（波浪）is

300mphandthewavescanlastfromfiveminutestoanhour.Whattodoinatsunami?Firstly,whenastrongearthquakeisfelt

,leavethewateratonce,gettotheshore（海岸）andgoasfarawayasyoucanfromthebeachfast.Ifitallows,gotoahigherground.S

econdly,turnontheTVfornewsandweatherreport.Theywilltellyoumoreaboutthetsunami.Thirdly,getallmembersofyou

rfamilytogetherandleteveryoneknowthetsunamiiscoming.Chooseaplacetostaytogether.Makesuretheplaceissafeandasfarawayfromtheshorea

spossible.Bringemergencysupplies（应急用品）whenyouhavetoleaveyourhouse.Atlast,ifyoufindahugewaveiscoming,climbontotheroofofyourhouse

oronthehighestpointofthenearestbuilding.Holdontoanythingthat’sstrongenough.Climbatreeifyouhaveto.Foratsunami,theonlywaytosur

vive（幸免于）itistobeprepared.31．Whenatsunamicomes,thewaveswill________.A．goasquicklyas300mphB．becomestrongerbeforetheearthquakeC．causeheavyrainD．l

astshorterandshorter32．Howmanysuggestionsarementionedinthispassage?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Five.33．Whenatsunamiiscom

ing,yourfamilyhadbetter________.A．gotothebeachtogetherB．stayinasafeplacetogetherC．stayinyourhouseD．putemergencysuppliesona

lowerground34．WeshoulddothefollowingwhenatsunamiiscomingEXCEPT________.A．listeningtotheweatherreportB．goingtoalowplacetokeepsafeC．gettingemergencysup

pliesreadyD．leavingthewaterasfarawayasyoucan35．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtokeepsafeinthewaterB．Whata

tsunamiisC．WhattodoafteratsunamiD．Howtosurviveatsunami4、Mostofusareusedtousingjethanddryers(喷射式干手器)inpublicrestrooms.They’resurelyveryconven

ient—allweneedtodoistoholdupourhandsforafewsecondsuntilthey’redry.Andmoreimportantly,they’resupposedtobehygienic(卫生

的).However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalHospitalInfectionfoundthatjethanddryersactuallyspreadmoredangerousbacter

ia(细菌)thanpapertowels.Inthestudy,tworestroomsineachofthreedifferenthospitalsintheUK,FranceandItalywererequiredtoprovidebothjetairdryersandpapert

owelsforpeopletouse.Butoncertaindays,onlyeitherthehanddryerorthepapertoweldispenser(自动出纸机)wasavailabletouse.Thescientistsfoundthatwhe

nonlythehanddryerwasavailable,theamountofbacteriaintherestroomswas27timeshigherthanonotherdays.Accordingtostudy

leaderMarkWilcox,anexpertinmedicalmicrobiology(微生物学)atLeedsUniversity,UK,airdryersspreadharmfulbacteriaallovertheroom.Thi

smeansthatifpeopleusethesedryers,they’remorelikelytopickupbacteria.Atthesametime,however,thisraisesthequestionofwhythesebacteriaexistinth

efirstplaceifpeoplearewashingtheirhandsafterusingtherestroom.“Theproblemstartsbecausesomepeopledonotwashtheirhandsproperly,”Wi

lcoxtoldTheTelegraph.Inotherwords,poorhand-washingleadstoalargeamountofbacteriabeingleftonyourhands.39．Whatdidthenewstudyfindaccordingtothep

assage?A．Usingjethanddryerswasveryconvenient.B．Jethanddryersweresupposedtobehygienic.C．Jethanddryersactuall

yspreadmoredangerousbacteriathanpapertowels.D．Hospitalswererequiredtoprovidebothjetairdryersandpapertowelsforpeopletouse.40．Howcanwestopbacte

riaaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Byusingpapertowels.B．Byonlyusingjethanddryers.C．Bynotusingpublicrestrooms.D．Bywashingourhandsproperly.

41．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Washinghandscanprotectyoufromdanger.B．Moderntechnologymaycausemoreproblems.C．It’s

commontopickupbacteriainpublicplaces.D．Scientistswillfindawaytoimprovehanddryers.5、DoyouknowanyonebornintheYear

oftheTiger?What’stheirpersonalitylike?Aretheybrave,stronganddetermined?Ifso,thentheyareatypical“tiger”.InChineseculture,tigersareseenasthekingof

allanimals.Theystandforpower,energyandprotection.Tigersareseenasfearlessanimals,sothat’swhyinChinayoucanseepicturesoftigersonthewallsofho

usesandtemplestowardoff(抵御)dangeranddisasters.TigershaveanimportantculturalmeaningnotjustinChina,butacrossAsiawhere

theyliveinthewild.Forexample,inSouthKorea,theanimalisasymbolofjustice,humanityandrighteousnessinlocalfolktales.Boththe1986Seou

lAsianGamesandthe1988SeoulSummerOlympicsusedHodori,afriendlycartoontiger,asthemascot.AtigerisalsoonthelogooftheS

outhKoreanationalsoccerteam.IntheWest,tigersarealsoseenaspowerfulanimals.Andweoftenuse“tiger”inEnglish.Ifwesayso

meone“workslikeatiger”,wemeanheorsheworkshard.Ifyouwantsomeonetocalmdown,youcansaytothem“easy,tiger”.Anotherfamou

sphraseis“eyeofthetiger”,whichmeanshavingstrength.Therearealsosomeotherphrasesabouttigers,suchas“atigercan’tchangeitsstripes”,“pap

ertiger”and“haveatigerbythetail”.31．What’satypical“tiger”likeaccordingtothepassage?A．Smartandbrave.B．Braveandstrong.C．Strong

andoutgoing.D．Determinedandfriendly.32．WhycanpeopleseepicturesoftigersonthewallsofhousesandtemplesinChi

na?A．BecausetigersliveinthewildinAsia.B．BecausetigersareusedinEnglishphrases.C．Becausetigersareregardedasfearlessanimals.D．Becausetigersareuseda

sthemascotsbothintheAsianGamesandintheOlympics.33．Ifwewantsomeonetocalmdown,wecanuse“_________”.A．easy,tigerB．w

orklikeatigerC．eyeofthetigerD．atigercan’tchangeitsstripes34．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TigersindifferentculturesB．Tigersindiffe

rentphrasesC．Tigers—thekingofallanimalsD．Tigers—theculturalsymbolinChina============参考答案============一

、阅读理解1、A24．D25．D26．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了报纸的历史、兴衰、以及未来趋势。23．细节理解题。根据“Thefirstnewspaperwasprintedinthe1600s.”可知，第一份报纸印刷于17世纪。故选A。24．细节理解题。根据“A

lthoughtheycouldn’tcompetewithTVinspreadingthelatestnews,theycouldprovidein-depthreportsthatTVnewscouldnot.”

可知，报纸能在电视的竞争中生存下来是因为它们可以提供电视新闻无法提供的深度报道。故选D。25．细节理解题。根据“WiththeappearanceoftheInternet,lotsofinformationbecamefree.Manyne

wspaperreadersrealizedthattheycouldconvenientlyreadnewsonlineforfree.Thereseemedtobelittlereasonanylongerforthemtopayforanewspaper.”可知，20

世纪90年代，报纸再次受挫，是因为人们可以免费在线阅读新闻，所以人们似乎再也没有理由为报纸付费了。故选D。26．推理判断题。根据“Sowhatwillthefutureofnewspapersbelike?Willnews

papersdie?Maybenot.”可知，作者认为报纸的未来是不确定的，故选B。2、B27．B28．C29．D30．A【导语】本文介绍了婴儿会与饥饿的陌生人分享食物，即使他们自己也饿了的相关科学研究情况。26．推理判断题。根据“Babieswillnaturallys

harefoodwithhungrystrangers,evenwhenthey’rehungrythemselves,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinScientificRepo

rts.”可知，这是一份科学报道，故选B。27．细节理解题。根据“Inthestudy,theresearchersfirstdidanexperimenton19-month-olds.”可知，研究中，研究人员首先对19个月大的婴儿进行了实验，故选B。28．词义猜测题。根据“Inafollow-

upexperiment,theresearchershadthechildren’sparentsbringtheminjustbeforetheirnextscheduledsnackormeal”可知，研究人员让孩子的父母在他们

下一顿零食或正餐之前把他们带进来，此处的单词“scheduled”指的是“提前计划的”，故选C。29．段落大意题。根据“Theresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherthesechildren,whowerehungrythemselves,wouldsti

llsharefoodwithsomeoneinneed.”以及“Theresultsshowedthatalmost40%ofthechildrenwerewillingtoshareatleastonepieceoffruit...evenwhe

ntheythemselveswantedtogetsomething.”可知，三四两段主要是阐述虽然婴儿们饿了，但是他们还是愿意分享，故选D。30．主旨大意题。根据“Babieswillnaturallysharef

oodwithhungrystrangers,evenwhenthey’rehungrythemselves,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinScientificReports.”可知，研究人员进行这些实验主要是为了展示婴儿喜欢自然地分享，故选A。3、

A32．C33．B34．B35．D【导语】本文讲述海啸来临时，人们怎样应对海啸的四点建议。31．细节理解题。根据第一段“Theaveragespeedofthewavesis300mph”，可知海啸来的时候波浪的平均速度可

以达到每小时300英里。故选A。32．推理判断题。根据“Firstly”，“Secondly”，“Thirdly”及“Atlast”，可知，文章主要讲述了四点建议。故选C。33．细节理解题。根据第五段“Thirdly,getallmembersofyo

urfamilytogetherandleteveryoneknowthetsunamiiscoming.Chooseaplacetostaytogether.Makesuretheplaceissafeandasfarawayfromthesh

oreaspossible”，可知当海啸来临，家人最好在一个安全的地方待在一起。故选B。34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“climbontotheroofofyourhouseoronthehighestpointofthenearestbuild

ing.Holdontoanythingthat’sstrongenough.Climbatreeifyouhaveto”，可知，爬到房子的屋顶或者最近的建筑楼的最高点，爬到树上，可知B选项“去一个低处

保证安全”表述错误。故选B。35．标题概括题。根据第二段“Whattodoinatsunami”，可知，文章讲述海啸的时候人们应该做些什么，可概括为“Howtosurviveatsunami”。故选D。4、C40．D41．B【导语】本文介绍了在公共卫生间

使用喷射式干手器传播更多的危险细菌，这主要原因是人们在上完厕所后不正确的洗手方式导致大量的危险细菌留在人们的手上所致。39．细节理解题。根据“Thescientistsfoundthatwhenonlythehanddryerwasavailable,theamountofb

acteriaintherestroomswas27timeshigherthanonotherdays.”可知，科学家们发现，当只有烘干机可用时，厕所里的细菌数量是其他日子的27倍。由此推知，喷气式烘手机实际上比纸巾传播更多危险的细菌，故选C。40．推理判断题。根据“Ino

therwords,poorhand-washingleadstoalargeamountofbacteriabeingleftonyourhands.”可知，洗手不当会导致大量细菌留在手上，所以作者建议正确洗手，故

选D。41．推理判断题。根据“Thescientistsfoundthatwhenonlythehanddryerwasavailable,theamountofbacteriaintherestroomswas27timeshigherthanonotherdays.

”可知，烘干机比纸巾传播更危险的细菌，由此推知，现代技术可能会引起更多的问题。故选B。5、B32．C33．A34．A【导语】本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义。31．细节理解题。根据“Aretheybr

ave,stronganddetermined?Ifso,thentheyareatypical“tiger”.”可知，典型的“老虎”是勇敢、强壮、有决心的。故选B。32．细节理解题。根据“Tigersareseenasfearlessanimals,sothat’swhy

inChinayoucanseepicturesoftigersonthewallsofhousesandtemplestowardoff(抵御)dangeranddisasters.”可知，老虎被视为无所畏惧的动物，这就是为

什么在中国，你可以在房屋和寺庙的墙上看到老虎的图片，以抵御危险和灾难。故选C。33．细节理解题。根据“Ifyouwantsomeonetocalmdown,youcansaytothem“easy,tiger

”.”可知，如果你想让某人冷静下来，你可以对他们说“easy,tiger”。故选A。34．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了老虎在中国以及其它国家的意义，选项A“不同文化中的老虎”符合主题，故选A。