【文档说明】高考英语二轮复习重难点04 阅读理解之议论文（解析版）.doc，共(15)页，228.000 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.ichengzhen.cn/view-77758.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

【命题趋势】议论文是英语中的重要文体，在每年的高考阅读理解中占有一定的比例。议论文就是说理性的文章，一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充分的证据，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。议论文的写法通常有以下三种形式：写法一：正方(甲方)，

反方(乙方)，我认为„„写法二：提出问题，分析问题，解决问题。写法三：论点，理由(证据)，重申论点。议论文的内容涵盖文化、历史、文学、科学和教育等各个方面。在这类体裁的文章中把握好论点、论据和论证很重要。此类

体裁的文章中有关主旨大意和推理判断的题目会较多，这也是得分比较难的题型。在阅读这类文章的时候，我们要认真把握作者的态度，领悟弦外之音，从而更好地依据文章的事实做出合理的推断。【满分技巧】注意事项：1.避免

读得太快，做题靠印象和直觉。(要求每一道题回到原文去找答案)2.要先看题目，后读文章。(与先读文章，后看题目的比较)高考材料阅读方法：先通读全文，重点读首段、各段的段首段尾句，然后其他部分可以略读，再审题定位，比较选项，选出答案。要有把握文章的宏观结构、中心句的能

力。3.阅读中需要特别注意并做记号的有：(1)标志类、指示类的信息。①表示并列关系：and,also,coupledwith等；②表示转折关系：but,yet,however,bycontrast等；③表示因果关系：therefore,thereby,consequently,asare

sult等；④表示递进关系：inadditionto,even,what’smore,furthermore等；⑤表示重要性的词：prime,aboveall,first等。以上关键词有助于我们对文章逻辑结构的把握。(2)具有感情色彩、显示作者态

度的词：blind盲目的(贬),excessively过分的(贬),objective(客观)等。4.常见问题：(1)读不懂怎么？重难点04阅读理解之议论文问题本身太空泛，应该仔细分析问题到底在哪儿。首先要能意

识到自身问题所在。unconsciousincompetent(无意识无能力)属于问题认知的第一阶段；consciousincompetent(有意识无能力)属于问题认知的第二阶段；consciouscompetent(有意识有能力)属于问题认知的第三阶段；unconsciou

scompetent(无意识有能力)属于问题认知的第四阶段。从认知的第三阶段达到第四阶段，是一个反复熟练的过程。(2)读懂了文章之后还做错题怎么办？(3)做完了一遍不愿意看第二遍怎么办？(4)做题技巧用不上怎么办？能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。在课

堂听明白之后，还需要回去自己思考，针对自己的实际进行分析，从而对症下药。【热点话题】议论文热衷于社会现象类，社会热点类。【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）A（合肥六中2020届高三冲刺最后一卷）话题：虽然医

疗技术越来越发达，在动物身上已经成功实施了脑部移植，但是作者认为不应该进行脑部移植。难度：★★建议用时：5分Nowadaysmedicaltechnologyseemstobeadvancedenoughfordoctorstoperformbraintransplants(移植).Thou

ghthisprocedurehasonlybeensuccessfullyperformedonanimalssofar,doctorsarestillhopingtoperformthisprocedureonhumans.However,inmyo

pinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumansbecauseofthelargenumberofproblemsandsideeffectst

hatcouldcomealongwith.Hopefullythesedangeroussideeffectswillconvincedoctorsnottoperformthisprocedureonhumans.Desp

itemanybenefitstechnologybrings,Idonotthinkthismedicaltechnologyofbraintransplantswillhelp.Wewereallb

ornwithonebrainandthroughchildhoodtoadolescenceourminddevelopedintowhoweare,soifwithadifferentbrainw

ewouldnolongerbeunique.Apersonwithadifferentbrainwouldseemtobeatotalstrangerandinmanywaystheywouldbe.Nooneshouldstealouridentityfromus,eveni

fweareseriouslyinjured,andchangeittoacompletelynewone.Alsoforthepeoplewhohavediedwithhealthybrains,thatwastheiridentityanditshouldnot

begiventoanyoneelse.Anotherproblemwithbraintransplantsishowdoctorscanchoosewhatare“healthy”or“normal”brains.A

nelderlypersonwhohasdiedwouldhaveanagedbrainthatwouldnotbeasefficientasayoungerperson’sbrain.Thenwoulddoctorshavetofindhealthybrainsofthe

sameageasthepersonwhoneedsit?Thiscouldalsobringupotherfactorssuchasintelligence,gender,orphysicalproblemsthatapersonmighthavehadbeforedeath.Alsoan

otherproblemmightbehowlongabraincanbekept“alive”afterdeathandhowitcanbekept“alive”withoutdamage.Overall,myfeelingsaboutth

issurgeryarethatitshouldnotbedoneonhumansuntildoctorshaveovercomealltheproblemsandobstacles(障碍)thatstandintheirwayofmakinghumanbraintransplants

successful.12.Whydoestheauthorthinkbraintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall?A.Thecostofthesurgeryisextremelyhigh.B.Doctorsarenotabletoperformbrai

ntransplants.C.Agoodmanyproblemsandsideeffectsmayarise.D.Thisprocedurehasonlybeensuccessfulonanimals.13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Peop

leshouldn’tgivetheirhealthybrainstoothers.B.Havingabraintransplantmeanslosingone’sidentity.C.Transplantingbrai

nsischangingoldbrainsintonewones.D.Havingbraintransplantsindicatesstealingidentityfromothers.14.Whatdoweknowabout“healthy”

brains?A.Agedbrainsaren’thealthybrains.B.Youngbrainsarealwayshealthy.C.Healthybrainscannotbekept“alive”.D.It’sverydifficulttotellhealthybrains.15.Wha

tistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragebraindonation.B.Tostresstheimportanceofbrainoperation.C.Toargueagainst

braintransplantsonhumans.D.Tointroducethetechnologyofbraintransplants.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。虽然医疗技术越来越发达，在动物身上已经成功实施了脑部移植，但是作者认为不应该

进行脑部移植，尤其是人类脑部移植。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,inmyopinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumansbecauseo

fthelargenumberofproblemsandsideeffectsthatcouldcomealongwith.”可知，作者认为完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上，因为可能会随之而来大量的问题和副作用。故选C项。【13题详解】段落大意题。根据第二段内容，尤其是“We

wereallbornwithonebrainandthroughchildhoodtoadolescenceourminddevelopedintowhoweare,soifwithadifferentbrainwewoul

dnolongerbeunique.(我们生来都只有一个大脑，从童年到青年，我们的思想逐渐形成现在的自己，所以如果我们有个不同的大脑，我们将不再独特)”及“Alsoforthepeoplewhohavediedwith

healthybrains,thatwastheiridentityanditshouldnotbegiventoanyoneelse.(同样，对于有健康大脑而去世的人，那是他们的身份，不应该给其他任何人)”可知，第二段主要讲做脑部移植意味

着失去自己的身份，故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Anotherproblemwithbraintransplantsishowdoctorscanchoosewhatare“healthy”or“normal”brains.(脑部移

植的另一个问题是，医生如何选择什么是“健康的”或者“正常的”大脑)可知，很难辨别“健康的”大脑。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段中作者提出自己的观点“inmyopinion,braintransplantssho

uldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumans(我认为，完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上)”，接下来具体分析为什么不赞成脑部移植，最后一段作者再次强调“itshouldnotbed

oneonhumans…(它不应该在人类身上实施„„)”，所以本文的目的是反对人类脑部移植。故选C项。B（郑州外国语学校2020届高三第八次调研考试）话题：这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了未经允许在网上分享音乐是偷窃行为。难度：★★建议用时：5分Throughouthi

story,musicspreadamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.Intoday’stechnologicaladvancedsociety,however,peoplespreadmusiconline,sometimeswit

houtanartist’spermission.Thiscanleadtomanyproblems,andmusiccompaniesarenowcrackingdownonthispractice.S

haringmusiconlinewithoutpermissionistheft.Sharingmusiconlinepreventsrecordingcompaniesfrommakingmoneyfromtheirefforts.Theysaythatsharingmus

iconlinehasresultedinahugedropinprofitsandsalesoverthepast10years.Peoplewhofindmusicforfreeonlinearenotpa

yingforCDsoreveryMP3downloaded.Totrulyunderstandtheinfluenceofmusicpiracy(盗版行为)oncreators,onemustunderstandhow

manypeopleareinvolvedintherecordingprocess.Forthesaleofeachalbum,profitsmustbesharedbetweenmusicians,soundengineers,musicproducers,managers,advertis

ers,andthecompanysellingtheproduct.Manypeoplebelievesharingmusiconlyaffectstherecordingartist,buttherealityisthatsharinghurtsbusinessforall

companiesinvolved.Therearemanypeoplewhodon’tseetheharminsharingmusiconlineandeventhinktheyhavetherighttodoit.Oneonlinebloggerstatesthatheori

ginallypaidforanentireCDandthatheshouldbeabletodowiththematerialwhateverhewants.Whilehemayhavelegallypaidforthemusic,h

edoesnothavetherighttoprovidepermission,whichmeanspeoplelikethebloggerarethieves.Althoughwedon’tspreadtoday’smusicthesamewaywedidb

efore,there’snodoubtthatpeoplearoundtheworldlovetosharemusic.However,internetpiracywouldpreventmusiciansfromcontinuingproducingalbumsforfearof

theft.Therefore,ifpeoplewanttocontinuelisteningtotheirfavoriteartists,theyneedtobuytheirmusicsothatartistswillmakeenoughprofittocontinu

etheirmusiccareers.8.Theunderlinedphrase“crackingdownon”inparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto___________.A.bringingupcarefullyB.speakinghighlyofC

.dealingseriouslywithD.destroyingcompletely9.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Artistsaretakingactiontoprotecttheirright.B.Sharingmusicfile

sonlineaffectsalotofpeople.C.OnlinemusicsharingincreasessalesofmusicCD.D.ApersonwhoboughtaCDhastherighttoshareitonline.10.Howisthetextorganized?A

.Topic—Argument—Explanation.B.Opinion—Discussion—Description.C.Mainidea—Comparison—Supportingstatements.D.Introduction

—Supportingstatements—Conclusion.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Musicpiracyiskindoftheft.B.SharingmusicisAcceptable.C.Downloadingmusicshouldbepunis

hed.D.Musicpiracyisgoodformusiclovers.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了未经允许在网上分享音乐是偷窃行为，并从其造成的不利影响和侵权方面作了分析，同时提倡了人们需要购买自己的音乐，这样艺术家才能获得足够的利润来继续他们

的音乐事业。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“Thiscanleadtomanyproblems,andmusiccompaniesarenowcrackingdownonthispractic

e.”可知，前后分句由and连接，为顺承关系，且前一句提及“Thiscanleadtomanyproblems(这会导致很多问题)”，根据常识和顺承关系可以推知后一句在表达音乐公司在采取措施解决问题。因

此可以推知划线词组“crackingdownon”应与选项C“dealingseriouslywith(认真处理)”表达含义一致。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第4句至末尾内容“Totrulyu

nderstandtheinfluenceofmusicpiracyoncreators,onemustunderstandhowmanypeopleareinvolvedintherecordingprocess.Fort

hesaleofeachalbum,profitsmustbesharedbetweenmusicians,soundengineers,musicproducers,managers,advertisers,andthecompanys

ellingtheproduct.Manypeoplebelievesharingmusiconlyaffectstherecordingartist,buttherealityisthatsharinghu

rtsbusinessforallcompaniesinvolved.(要真正了解音乐盗版对创作者的影响，必须了解有多少人参与了录制过程。对于每张专辑的销售，利润必须在音乐家、音响工程师、音乐制作人、经理、广告商和销售产品的公司之间分享。许多人认为共享音

乐只会影响唱片艺术家，但事实是，共享会损害所有相关公司的业务。)”可知，在线分享音乐会影响一些相关的很多人。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。分析可知，第一段提出中心话题--Sharingmusiconlinewith

outpermissionistheft.；第二段讲述网络分享音乐对所有创作者的不利影响；第三段从侵权方面讲述了其不当之处；第四段总结全文（Therefore,ifpeoplewanttocontinuelisteningtotheirfavoritearti

sts,theyneedtobuytheirmusicsothatartistswillmakeenoughprofittocontinuetheirmusiccareers.）因此，本文的段落结构为总分总结构。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章结构为

总分结构，第一段提出了本文的中心话题：Sharingmusiconlinewithoutpermissionistheft.(未经允许在网上分享音乐是偷窃行为。)。选项A“Musicpiracyiskindoftheft.(音乐盗版是一种

盗窃行为。)”贴合主旨要义。故选A项。C（哈师大附中2020年高三第四次模拟考试）话题：文章用一些成功人士的事例证明了音乐有助于学术成就这个观点。难度：★★建议用时：5分Manystudieslinkmusicstudytoacademicachievem

ents.Butwhatisitaboutseriousmusictrainingthatseemstoassociatewithgreatsuccessinotherfields?Iputthequestiontotop-f

lightprofessionalsinindustriesfromtechtofinancetomedia,allofwhomhadserious(ifoftenlittle-known)pastlivesasmusic

ians,AlanGreenspan,formerchairmanoftheFederalReserve,wasaprofessionalsaxophoneplayer.ThebillionaireBruceKovnerisapianistwhotookclassesatJuil

liard.Almostallmadeaconnectionbetweentheirmusictrainingandtheirprofessionalachievements.Mr.Greenspansays,''Icante

llyouasastatistician,theprobabilitythatthatismerechanceisextremelysmall.That'sallthatyoucanjudgeaboutthefacts

.Theimportantquestionis:whydoesthatconnectionexist?''PaulAllen,thebillionaireco-founderofMicrosoft,offersananswe

r.Hesaysmusic''buildsupyourconfidenceintheabilitytocreate''.Themusichadtheemotionalsimilaritytohisdayjob,witheachgivingadifferenttypeofmotiv

ation.TheNBCchiefWhiteHousecorrespondentChuckTodd,whoattendedcollegeonmusicscholarships,saysthereisaconnectionbetweenyearsofpracticeandcompetit

ionandwhathecallsthe''driveforperfection''.Headds,''Thegroupplayingtrainsyou,quiteliterally,toplaywellwithothers,toknowwhentosolo(独奏)andw

hentofollow.''FormanyofthehighachieversIspokewith,musicfunctionsasa''hiddenlanguage'',astheformerWorldBankpresidentJamesWolfensohnc

allsit,onethatimprovestheabilitytoconnectdiverseorevencontradictoryideas.Accordingtohim,musicmaynotm

akeyouagenius,orabetterperson.Butithelpstrainyoutothinkdifferently,toprocessdifferentpointsofview-andmostimportantl

y,totakepleasureinlistening.12.HowdoesAlanGreenspanfindtheconnectionbetweenmusictrainingandprofessionalachie

vements?A.It'srelativelyweak.B.It'snotcommonfact.C.It'snotacoincidence.D.It'swidelyacknowledged.13.WhatqualitydoesmusicequipChuckTod

dwith?A.Teamwork.B.Confidence.C.Creativity.D.Tolerance.14.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthetext？A.Bycompar

ingdifferentfacts.B.Bydebatingandconcluding.C.Byself-questioningandanswering.D.Byofferingconcreteexamples.15.

Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Musiccontributestosuccess.B.Musicistheuniversallanguage.C.Musiccanchangeyourcareer.D.Musicislinkedtoacademicsucces

s.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章用一些成功人士的事例证明了音乐有助于学术成就这个观点。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的Almostallmadeaconnec

tionbetweentheirmusictrainingandtheirprofessionalachievements.Mr.Greenspansays,''Icantellyouasastatist

ician,theprobabilitythatthatismerechanceisextremelysmall.(几乎所有人都把他们的音乐训练和他们的专业成就联系起来。Greenspan先生说：“作为一个统计学家我可以告诉你，这仅仅是偶然的可能性很小。)可知，Ala

nGreenspan认为音乐训练和专业成就之间的关系并非偶然。C.It'snotacoincidence.(它不是一个巧合)符合以上说法，故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Headds,''Thegro

upplayingtrainsyou,quiteliterally,toplaywellwithothers,toknowwhentosolo(独奏)andwhentofollow.''(他补充道：“事实上，团体表演可以训练你与他人一

起演奏、知道什么时候独奏、以及什么时候跟着演奏。”)可推测，ChuckTodd具有团队精神。A.Teamwork.(团队精神)符合以上说法，故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章提出了一个论点——音乐训练和专业成就有关，然后列举了AlanGre

enspan，BruceKovner，PaulAllen，ChuckTodd，JamesWolfensohn等人的事例来证明该观点。由此推测，本文是通过举例的方式来进行陈述的。D.Byofferingconcreteexam

ples.(通过举具体的例子)符合以上说法，故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的Butwhatisitaboutseriousmusictrainingthatseemstoassociatewithgreatsuccessinotherf

ields?(但是严肃的音乐训练和其它领域取得巨大成功之间有什么联系呢？)和第二段的Almostallmadeaconnectionbetweentheirmusictrainingandtheirprofessionalach

ievements.(几乎所有人都把他们的音乐训练和他们的专业成就联系起来)以及其他成功人士对音乐和学术成就之间关系的认同，可推测音乐有助于成功。A.Musiccontributestosuccess.(音乐有助于成功)符合以上说法，故

选A项。D（2020届广西柳州高级中学高三4月线上月考英语试题）话题：不要因别人的质问而怀疑自己选择的专业难度：★★建议用时：5分Whyhavesomanyawardsceremoniesappearedrecen

tly?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.Itwouldbepossibletosay,however,thatinthepast,scientistsandartists

couldwin"patronage"fromrichpeople-akingoralordwouldgivetheartistorscientistmoneytohavethempainttheirpalacesorhelpthemdevelopnewwaysofmakingmoney.W

iththechangeinsocialsystemsacrosstheworld,thisnolongerhappens.Alotofscientificresearchisnowcitherfundedbythestateorbyprivatecompanies.Perhap

sawardsceremoniesarejustthemostrecentfaceofthisprocess.However,thereismoretoitthanthat.WhenafilmwinsanOscar,manymorepeoplewillgoandseeitorbuytheDVD.W

henawriterwinstheNobelprize,manymorepeoplebuyhisbooks.WhenagroupwintheMTVawards,theceremonyisseenbyhundredsofthousandsofpeopleacr

osstheworld.Theresult?Thegroupselllotsmorerecords.Mostawardsceremoniesarenowsponsoredbybigorganizationsorcom

panies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefitsbutalsothesponsors.TheMTVawards,forexample,aregreatforpubli

cisingnotonlymusicbutalsoMTVitself！Onthesurface,itseemstobea"win-win"situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyo

uaquestion-howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementistakingplace?12.Whyaresomesuc

cessfulpeoplelikeShakespearementionedattheverybeginningofthepassage?A.Toshowgreatadmiration.B.Toprovidethebackground.C.Top

repareforthetopic.D.Toanswerthequestion.13.Artistsandscientistsusedtoreceivemoneyfrom______.A.richpeople'ssupportB.alesoftheir

worksC.differentawardsD.thegovernment14.Thewriterthinksawardsactuallydoabetterjobin____.A.gettingthewinners'greatachievementsrecognizedB.fin

anciallysupportingascientist'soranartist'sworkC.improvingthestatusofthegreatestscientistsorartistsD.earning

moremoneyfortheawardsceremonysponsors15.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsawardsceremonies？A.Subjective.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Indifferent.【答

案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为现在的颁奖典礼过于泛滥，而可知大多数奖项由组织机构或公司赞助，受益的表面上看也有获奖人，实际上更多的是赞助商。作者同时对颁奖让获奖者的成就得到认可这一行为持怀疑态度。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Whyhaves

omanyawardsceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,nordidLeonardodaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.可知作者不赞同泛滥成灾的

颁奖典礼，像莎士比亚、达芬奇或者亚当·斯密等等伟人并没有得过什么奖，但仍然伟大。由此判断出作者提及这些名人是为提出主题铺路。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句inthepast,scientistsandartistscouldwin"patron

age"fromrichpeople-akingoralordwouldgivetheartistorscientistmoneytohavethempainttheirpalacesorhelpthemdevelopnew

waysofmakingmoney.可知在过去，科学家和艺术家通过王公贵族雇请他们作画赢得富人的“赞助”的，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一、二句Mostawardsceremoniesarenowsponsoredby

bigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefitsbutalsothesponsors.可知大多数奖项由组织机构或公司赞

助，受益的表面上看也有获奖人，实际上更多的是赞助商。注意题干中的“actually”，暗示不是表面现象，而是事实上，所以获利更多的是赞助商们。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Onthesurface,

itseemstobea"win-win"situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyouaquestion-howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketi

ngarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementistakingplace?可知，从表面上看，这似乎是一个“双赢”的局面，每个人都很开心，但让我问你一个问题——你认为宣传和营销在这里取得了多大的成

功，以及取得的成就得到了多少真正的认可？所以表面上是双赢，但实际上赢家是市场，最后一个问句判断出作者对颁奖让获奖者的成就得到认可持怀疑态度。故选C。E（黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学校2021届高三上学期开学考试英语试题）话题：作者认为我们的内在模式真

正决定了我们的情绪。难度：★★建议用时：5分Haveyoueverthoughtthatyourlifewillbeperfectifsomethinginyouroutsideworldchanges?Youmaysay,“Iwill

livehappilyifIfindmysoulmate.”Youmaysay,“Iftheperfectjobcomesalong,Iwillgetsatisfaction.Myproblemisthatmybossisstupid.”Oryoum

aysay,“IfIhaveachild,Iwillknowwhatitisliketobeloved.”Theproblemisthatitisnottheoutsideworldthatpreventsyoufromexpe

riencingpeace,loveandjoy.Instead,itisyourowninternal(内部的)patternsthatgetinyourway.Toprovethispoint,atmyweeken

dprograms,Ihadmystudentslookatafloweronmytable.ThenIaskedthemtosharetheirexperiences.Someshowedastateo

fcompletejoybecausestaringattheflowerremindedthemoftheirweddingoragreattripwiththeirlovers.Otherssaidtheflowermade

themangrybecauseitremindedthemofagiftgivenbyaformerpartnerwhoturnedagainstthem.Somestudentseventoldmethat

theflowerremindedthemoftheirbelovedgrandmothers’gardenswithsomesheddingtears(流泪)ofjoyandotherssheddingtearsofsadness.However,theflowerwasstill

justaflower.Ourinternalpatternsdecidewhethereachmomentisfilledwithpeace,anger,joy,loveorsadness.Whenyoudon’trealizethatitisyourowni

nternalstatethatiscreatingyourexperience,youarelikelytoblame(责备)theexternalsituationsinyourlife.Mostpeoplearen’ttaughtthatemotionisac

hoice.Andtheyaren’ttaughthowtochangethoseloweremotionalpatternssuchasanger,anxiety,sadnessandsoon.Nexttime,whenyou

meetsomethingbad,pleaselookatyourinternalstate.Whenyouacceptthatyouareresponsibleforyourownstate,andfindthecouragetotu

rninward,youcanstepoutofbeingaslavetowhatshowsupinyourexternalworld.32.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexamplesinPa

ragraph1?A.Toleadtothetopicofthispassage.B.Tocomplainaboutimperfectlife.C.Toshowcommonproblemsinlife.D.Toencouragepeopletochangetheo

utsideworld.33.Howdoestheauthorprovehisopinion?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bydoinganexperiment.C.Bytellingarelatedstory.D.Bycomparingotherpeopl

e’sopinions.34.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodointhelastparagraph?A.Tostepoutofnegativeemotions.B.Topayat

tentiontoourinternalworld.C.Toshareourrealemotionswithothers.D.Tousedifferentmethodstochangebademotions

.35.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressthroughthepassage?A.Ourexternalworldmattersalot.B.Ouremotionscanaffecto

urhealth.C.Ourinternalpatternstrulydecideouremotions.D.Ourexperienceshaveagreatinfluenceonouremotions.【答案】32.A33.B34.B35.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文

章作者通过做实验的方式证明他的观点——我们的内在模式真正决定了我们的情绪。【32题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第一段Theproblemisthatitisnottheoutsideworldthatpreventsyoufromexperie

ncingpeace,loveandjoy.Instead,itisyourowninternal(内部的)patternsthatgetinyourway.（问题是，并不是外部世界阻止你体验和平、爱和快乐。相反，阻碍你的是你自己的内在

模式。）由此可知作者在第一段中提到这些例子，是为了引出这篇文章的主题，故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段Toprovethispoint,atmyweekendprograms,Ihadmystudentslookatafloweronmytable.

ThenIaskedthemtosharetheirexperiences.（为了证明这一点，在我的周末课程中，我让学生们看我桌上的一朵花。然后我请他们分享他们的感受。）由此推断出作者通过做实验的方式证明他的观点，故选B。【3

4题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段Nexttime,whenyoumeetsomethingbad,pleaselookatyourinternalstate.（下次，当你遇到不好的事情时，请看看你的

内心状态。）由此可知，作者在最后一段建议我们关注我们的内心世界，故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。第一段Theproblemisthatitisnottheoutsideworldthatpreventsyoufromexperiencingpeace,

loveandjoy.Instead,itisyourowninternal(内部的)patternsthatgetinyourway.（问题是，并不是外部世界阻止你体验和平、爱和快乐。相反，阻碍你的是你自己的内在模式。）是全文的

主题句，可知作者通过这篇文章说明我们的内在模式真正决定了我们的情绪，故选C。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者

所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题2，答案定位在第二段Toprovethispoint,atmyweekendprograms,I

hadmystudentslookatafloweronmytable.ThenIaskedthemtosharetheirexperiences.（为了证明这一点，在我的周末课程中，我让学生们看我桌上的一朵花。然后我请他们分享他们的感受。）由

此推断出作者通过做实验的方式证明他的观点，故选B。F（临川二中实验学校2020-2021学年度上学期高三年级第一次月考英语试卷）话题：作者认为对待人生应该持有的态度——乐观勇敢地面对困境。难度：★★建议用时：5分Ijusthadasnowstormthatpiledupeightin

chesofsnow.Ittrulywasawinterwonderland,andtherewaswhitebeautyeverywhere.SinceIdidn'thaveanythingtodothatday,Ireallyenjoyedit.Butthent

hesecondsnowstormarrivedthatnight,pilingadditionalinchesofsnowontopofthesnowbanksthatwerealreadythere.

Andthenontheeveningnews,theweathercastgaveusanoticethatstillanothersnowstormwasheadedourway.ThenIfeltdespondent.Iha

dthingstodoandplacestogo.Afterdaysofbeingsnowbound,IfeltlikeIwasunderhousearrest.Iwasstuck.Aplacestuckisn'tafunplacet

obe,whetherit'sfromasnowstormorfromlifecircumstancessuchasabadrelationship,billsthatseemtotoweroverourh

eads,orsituationswhereweseenowayout.Allofuswillfeelstuckatonetimeoranother,butit'showwerespondthatmakesthedifference

.IhadafriendnamedHannah.Shewasstuckintheheartbreakingworldofinfertility(不孕).Shelongedforachildmorethananything.Insteadofacceptingdefeat,sheactedsin

cerely.ThinkaboutNelsonMandelainadarkprison.Itwasaseeminglyhopelessplace,butinsteadofbecomingdepressedor

bitter,hekeptfightingforfreedom.Yes,hekeptfightingtogetthesuccess.Circumstancescannotdefineus,butourreactionsdo.Eachof

thosemenandwomenlearnedimportantlessonsintheir"stuck"situations,andwecanaswell.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"despondent"inparagraph2mea

n?A.Unhappy.B.Unusual.C.Ambitious.D.Energetic.5.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Provides

omeadviceforthereaders.C.Introducesomebackgroundinformation.D.Formaconnectinglinkofthecontext.6.Whydoest

heauthormentionHannahandNelsonMandela?A.Tointroducetwogreatcelebrities.B.Tointroducethewaytobefamous.C

.Toshowtheirdifferentcircumstances.D.Toshowhowtorespondtodifficultsituations.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Don'tbedefeatedbyfailureB.D

on'tbetrappedbysnowC.EnjoythewhitebeautyD.Keepcalminthewinter【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述，作者曾经被大雪困住，无法外出。他从这件事中学到了对待人生应该持有的态度——乐观勇敢地面对困境。【4

题详解】词义猜测题。由第二段中的“Ihadthingstodoandplacestogo.Afterdaysofbeingsnowbound,IfeltlikeIwasunderhousearrest.I

wasstuck.”（我有事情要做，有地方要去。在被大雪困了好几天之后，我觉得自己被软禁起来了。我被卡住了。）可知作者感觉自己像是被软禁了，说明当时作者是不开心的(despondent)。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。文章前两段介绍了作者被大雪

困住的遭遇，而文章第四段和第五段就如何应对困境进行了阐述。另外，第三段介绍了人们在现实生活中可能遇见的困境，属于过渡段落，起着承上启下的作用。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“IhadafriendnamedHannah.Shewasstuckinthehe

artbreakingworldofinfertility(不孕).Shelongedforachildmorethananything.Insteadofacceptingdefeat,sheactedsincerely.Thinkabout

NelsonMandelainadarkprison.Itwasaseeminglyhopelessplace,butinsteadofbecomingdepressedorbitter,hekeptfightingforfreedom.Yes,hekeptfightingt

ogetthesuccess.”（我有个朋友叫汉娜。她被困在令人心碎的不孕世界里，她最渴望的是一个孩子。她没有接受失败，反而表现得很诚恳。想想纳尔逊·曼德拉在黑暗的监狱里。这是一个看似绝望的地方，但他没有变得沮丧或痛苦，而是继续为自由而战。是的，他一直在努力争取成功

。）可知第四段介绍了两个乐观勇敢面对困境的例子。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章前两段介绍了作者被大雪困住的遭遇（大雪在这里指困境），第三段介绍了人们在现实生活中可能遇见的困境，第四段和第五段就如何应对困境进行了阐述,作者通过讲述自己遇雪的经历和所举

的例子，告诉大家要乐观勇敢地面对困境，B项“别被雪困住”符合文意。故选B项。