【文档说明】高考英语二轮复习试题：专题三第一讲　细节理解题 题型突破 Word版含解析.doc，共(18)页，169.500 KB，由MTyang资料小铺上传

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第一讲细节理解题题型1直接信息理解类[示例](2017·全国卷Ⅰ，A)PacificScienceCenterGuide◆VisitPacificScienceCenter’sStoreDon’tforgettostopb

yPacificScienceCenter’sStorewhileyouareheretopickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于)up

stairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome.21．WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?A．InBuilding1.B．InBuilding3.C．AttheLase

rDome.D．AttheDennyWayentrance.[解题思路]第一步确定题干中的关键词本题题干的关键词是：Where；souvenir；Pacific__Science__Center第二步根据关键词定

位信息句本题信息句是：to__pick__up__a__wonderful__science__activity__or__souvenir__to__remember__your__visit.__The__stor

e__is__located(位于)__upstairs__in__Building__3尝试解答____B____[答题技巧]1．识别题干关键特殊疑问句形式表达：以when,where,what,which,who,how等疑问词开头引出问题。2．“定位比对”判细节(1)从题干中提取

关键性词语(题眼)，题干中的人名、地名、大写字母、时间、数字等都是命题首选的关键词，有利于迅速、准确地定位信息句。(2)以关键词为线索，运用略读、跳读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关。(3)仔细推敲，认真比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在

准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。题型2间接信息理解类[示例](2017·浙江卷，B)Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.Babiesneedalotofr

est;mostofthemsleepabout18hoursaday!Adultsneedabouteighthours.Formostschool－agechildren,tenhoursisideal(理想的).ButthenewNationalSleepFo

undationsurveyfoundthat35%of10－to12－year－oldsgetonlysevenoreighthours.Andguesswhatalmosthalfofthesurveyedkidssaidtheydobeforebedtime?WatchTV.26．Howm

anyhoursofsleepdo11－year－oldsneedeveryday?A．7hours.B．8hours.C．10hours.D．18hours.[解题思路]第一步确定题干中的关键词本题题

干的关键词是：How__many;__11－year－olds第二步根据关键词定位信息句本题的信息句是：For__most__school－age__children,__ten__hours__is__ideal(理想的)．第三步对比信息句和选项，得出答案根据信息句可知，对于上学年龄的孩子来说

，睡眠十个小时是最理想的。11－year－olds属于school－agechildren。尝试解答____C____[答题技巧]1．识别题干关键(1)Accordingtotheauthor/passage...(2)Thereason...，isthat...

(3)From...，wecanlearn...(4)Researchershavefoundthat...2．“同义互释”定选项间接理解题答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。考生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别，也

可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。3．搞清正确选项特征(1)关键词替换：对原句的关键词进行同义替换；(2)词性或语态变化：对原句中关键词进行词性变化或对原句进行主被动变化；(3)语言简化：把原文中的复杂语言进行简化；(

4)正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达。题型3数字计算类[示例](2015·四川卷，C)AcrossBritain，burnttoastwillbeservedtomothersinbedthismorningasolde

rsonsanddaughtersrushtodelivertheirsupermarketbunchesofflowers.But，accordingtoanewstudy，weshouldbeplacingahighervalueonmothe

rhoodallyear.Mothershavelongknownthattheirhomeworkloadwasjustasheavyaspaidwork.Now，thenewstudyhasshownthatiftheywerepa

idfortheirparentallabours，theywouldearnasmuchas￡172，000ayear.Thestudylookedattherangeofjobsmothersdo，aswellastheh

ourstheyareworking，todeterminethefigure.Thiswouldmaketheiryearlyincome￡30，000morethanthePrimeMinisterearns....38．Howmuchwouldamotherearnayearifwo

rkingasthePrimeMinister?A．￡30，000.B．￡142，000.C．￡172，000.D．￡202，000.[解题思路]第一步确定题干中的关键词本题题干的关键词是：mother;__the__Prim

e__Minister第二步根据关键词定位信息句本题的信息句是：①Now,__the__new__study__has__shown__that__if__they__were__paid__for__their__parental__labour

s,__they__would__earn__as__much__as__￡172，000__a__year.②This__would__make__their__yearly__income__￡30，000__more__than__the__Prime__Minister__earns.尝

试解答____B____[答题技巧]1．识别题干关键特殊疑问句形式表达：以when,inwhichyear,howmany/much等疑问词开头引出问题。2．“列表推算”得数据此类问题解决的关键是要弄清各数

据之间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法。(1)先阅读题干，然后带着题干中的关键词去读文章。在阅读过程中，对数字、时间、年代等词进行标记，以便读完文章后进行相应的计算。(2)简单的数据可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基础，进行简单的运算。(3)数据较

多的文章，通常采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。题型4正误判断类[示例](2016·四川卷，D)Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforth

osewantingagoodnight’ssleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff—ifitismilkedfromacowatnigh

t.Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyan

dreduceanxiety.Thestudy,byresearchersfromSeoul,SouthKorea,involvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowdermadefromco

wsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.Thosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosef

edwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosl

eeplonger.Whiletheeffectofcowsmilkharvestedatdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow,takingmelatonin

drugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeex

cellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent,whichhelpspeopletorelax.Milkisalsosugar­freeandadditive­freewithnutritionistsrecommending

skimmedmilkasthebestchoicebeforebedasitistheleastfattening.Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourb

odyatnight.33．Whichofthefollowingistrueofmelatoninaccordingtothetext?A．It’sbeentestedonmicefortentimes.B．Itcanmakepeoplemoreene

rgetic.C．Itexistsinmilkingreatamount.D．It’susedinsleepingdrugs.[解题思路]第一步根据关键词找出相关信息句A：Those__given__night__milk,__whic

h__contained__10__times__the__amount__of__melatonin,__were__less__active__and__less__anxious__than__those__fed__with__the__milk__collected__during__d

aytime...B：Researchers__have__discovered__that“night__milk”__contains__more__melatonin(褪黑激素),__which__has__been__proven__to__help__people__feel__

sleepy__and__reduce__anxiety.C：Researchers__have__discovered__that“night__milk”__contains__more__melatonin...D：...__taking__melatonin__d

rugs__has__been__suggested__to__those__who__are__struggling__to__fall__asleep__at__night.第二步对比选项与信息句，逐项击破A项与信息句毫无关联；B项与信息句意思相反；C项范围扩大化；

D项与信息句符合。尝试解答____D____[答题技巧]1．识别题干关键(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE/WRONGaccordingtothepassage?(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingto...?2．“去伪

存真”辨是非(1)速览题目所提供的四个选项。(2)若各选项围绕同一内容展开，则要注意找出各选项之间的差别，再带着问题去原文中核实文章的实际内容。(3)若各个选项陈述的内容不一致，则要根据题干或选项中提供的线索回读原文，逐个找到相关句，

最后确定答案。(4)表达“绝对化”的选项一般不是正确答案。[状元技法]“火眼金睛”识别干扰项解答细节理解题1．扩缩范围：通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息中的范围、程序等加以扩大或缩小，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误的。2．无中生有：干扰项与所阅读的文章内容没有任何联系。3．偷梁换柱：干扰项

用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的单词，但句意已发生改变。4．张冠李戴：把文中两个不同的概念、人物或观点进行错位拼接。,[学生用书P44])A(2017·河北石家庄高三质检)Despitebeingusedby1.34billionpeopleeachyear，trave

lingontheTubeinLondoncanactuallybequitelonely.Onecitizen，however，istryingtochangethis.“YougetontheTubeandit’scompl

etelysilentandit’sweird，”saysJonathanDunne，whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords“Tubechat？”lastm

onth，encouragingpassengersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother.“Ihandedout500badgesduringrushhourinacityof8million，ex

pectingmostofthemtobethrownaway，butafterabout24hoursitcompletelysnowballed，”hesays.Dunneandhis“Tubechat”campaignhavesincebeen

reportedbymediaacrosstheworld，seeingTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheU．K.，aswellascountlesswebsite，newspaperandmagazin

eappearances.AlthoughDunnesayshe’sreceivedmostlypositivefeedback，noteveryoneagreeswithhisidea.LondonerBrianWilsonrespo

ndedwithacampaignofhisown，handingout500badgeswiththewords“Don’teventhinkaboutit”onthem.MichaelRobinson，24，astudentfromLondon，agrees.“

BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeopl

ecomingupandchattingtoyou，”hesays.“PeopleassumethatIjustwalkupandtalktostrangers,whichIdon’t，butit’sbeenag

reatwaytomeetpeopleyouwouldneverhavenormallyspokento，”Dunnesays.Soifyoueverendupusingpublictransporti

ntheWest,whynotsayhellotothepersonnexttoyou？Justmakesuretocheckforabadgefirst.[解题导语]每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多，可是人们仍然感到孤独

；为此JonathanDunne发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动，此举引起了世界媒体的关注。尽管如此，人们对此仍有不同的态度。1．HowdidDunneencourageLondonpassengerstotalkwitheachother?A．ByputtinguppostersontheT

ube.B．Byadvocatinghisideaonthemedia.C．Byofferingpassengersspecialbadges.D．Bystartingadialoguewithpassengers.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“whohassta

rtedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords‘Tubechat？’”可知，Dunne给乘客们分发写着“Tubechat？”的徽章来

鼓励乘客聊天，故C项正确。2．HowisDunne’scampaigngettingalong?A．Ithascaughtinternationalattention.B．Ithasbecomeaworldwidecampaign.C．Mostpasse

ngershaverefusedtoacceptit.D．Wilsonhasmadegreateffortstopromoteit.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘Tubechat’campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld,seein

gTVinterviewsinSweden,BrazilandtheU．K.,aswellascountlesswebsite,newspaperandmagazineappearances”可知，Dunne和他的“Tubechat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注，故A项

正确。3．AccordingtoMichaelRobinson，whatshouldTubepassengersdo?A．Handintheirfeedbackintime.B．Walkupandtalktostrangers.C．Stopusingpublictransport.D．Enjoyt

hepeacequietly.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’t

needtobespoiledbypeoplecomingupandchattingtoyou”可知，MichaelRobinson认为乘伦敦地铁是人们上下班时享受安静的时刻，而不是交谈的时刻，故D项正确。4．Whatc

anbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TubeChatorNotB．LonelyTravelintheLondonTubeC．SilenceontheTubeD．TubePassengersWearingBadgesA解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，

文章第二段介绍Dunne和他的“Tubechat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注；第三段介绍一些人持不同的观点；最后一段建议如果要跟陌生人打招呼，先看看他有没有徽章。据此可以判断，文章主要介绍了人们对于是否在伦敦地铁相互交谈持不同的观点，故A项最能

概括文意。B(2017·贵州普通高中招生适应性考试)Arecordof6.15milliontripswasmadebyChinesemainlandtouriststooverseasdestinationsduringthese

ven­daySpringFestivalholiday,whichendedonThursday,accordingtotheChinaNationalTourismAdministration.That

isanincreaseof7percentcomparedwithlastyear’sSpringFestival.About374，000tripswereorganizedbytravelagencies,a2.5percentinc

rease.Theadministrationalsoreportedgrowthfromindividualandhigh­end(高端的)travelersandsaidthatinadditiontotopandcoastalc

ities,inlandcities—suchasthoseintheGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion—becameimportantsourcemarkets.WithmanyChinesenowtravelingabroadforSprin

gFestival,theirchoiceofdestinationshasexpandedalongwiththeirgrowinginterestinforeignculturesandservices.“Chi

nesetouristsareincreasinglywillingtoexperiencelocalculturesandservices,includingstayinginprivatehomes,appreciatingpl

antsandwatchingmonkeysinhotsprings，”LiXuejing,theagency’smarketingmanager,said.AChinesetouristsurname

dGuo,whowasvacationingonanislandinthePhilippines,said：“Inowpaymoreattentiontorelaxationandenjoymentduringtheholidaysinsteadofshoppingorchoosinggi

ftsforrelatives.”AnotherchoiceisBritain.Thoughthedevaluation(货币贬值)ofthepoundisafactor,Britain’srichhistoryan

dfamouseducationtraditionhavecaughttheeyeofChinese.[解题导语]本文是一篇新闻报道。国家旅游局统计，在今年春节期间去海外旅游的游客人数比去年同期有所上涨。文章分析了产生这一现象的原因。5．Howmanytripsweremadetofo

reigncountriesduringtheGoldenWeekofthisSpringFestivalholiday?A．6，150，000.B．2，500，000.C．7，000，000.D．374，000.A解析：细节理解题。

根据第一段的第一句：“Arecordof6.15milliontripswasmadebyChinesemainlandtouriststooverseasdestinationsduringtheseven-daySpringFestivalhol

iday,whichendedonThursday,accordingtotheChinaNationalTourismAdministration.”可知，在春节黄金周期间，中国大陆赴海外旅游的人次达到6150000，故A项正确

。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutsomeinlandcitiesinGuangxi?A．They’rereportedtohavebecomeimportantattractions.B．They’refamous

forallkindsofplantsandmonkeys.C．Theyhavethebesthotspringintheworld.D．Theybelongtocoastalsourcemarket

s.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“inadditiontotopandcoastalcities,inlandcities—suchasthoseintheGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion—became

importantsourcemarkets”可知，广西壮族自治区的许多城市也成了重要的旅游地，故A项正确。7．WhatwouldMissGuodoonhervacationaccordingtothetext?A．Goshoppingfor

gifts.B．Studyforeigncultures.C．Relaxandenjoyherself.D．Chatwithherrelatives.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Inowpaymoreattentiontorelaxationan

denjoymentduringtheholidaysinsteadofshoppingorchoosinggiftsforrelatives.”可知，这位郭姓游客认为现在她的旅游目的是放松和享受而不是购物或为亲人

挑选礼物；据此可知，她在旅游期间会放松和享受。8．Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Aguidebook.B．Anewspaper.C．Ascientificmagazine.D．Anadvertisement.B解析：文章出处题。通读全

文可知，文章第一段的第一句为文章主题句；结合下文内容可知，文章属于新闻报道，符合新闻报道文体的结构特征：先写明报道主题，接着分析原因。故B项正确。专题强化训练9细节理解题——直接/间接信息理解类[学生用书P93(单独成册)]A(201

7·安徽重点高中高三二模)FiveMust－visitAlternativeMovieTheatersinHoustonWorthamGiantScreenTheater—JourneytoYellowstone,Kenya,oreventheTriassicperioda

ttheWorthamGiantScreenTheater,locatedinsidetheHoustonMuseumofNaturalScience.Farfromafossil,the394－seattheaterfeaturesalargescreenwith4Kresolutionanda

six－tracksoundsystem,theperfecttoolstobringits3Dattractionstolife.BrownAuditoriumTheater—Addvarietytoyour

cinematicdietatBrownAuditoriumTheater,insidetheMuseumofFineArts,Houston.BrownAuditoriumTheaterwasdesignedin1974byfamousarch

itectLudwigMiesvanderRoheandupdatedin2000.Thetheaterscreensbothclassicandmodernfilmsaswellasworldcinemaanddocumentaries

.RiverOaksTheater—EnjoydinnerandamovieinstyleattheRiverOaksTheater,Houston’stypicalmovietheaterlocatedinsidethefashion

ableRiverOaksShoppingCenter.Springforextracost－plusseatingtosettleintoaleatherrecliner(躺椅)andreceivepush－of－a－buttonfoodanddrinkservice.Showingstyp

icallyincludecontemporarydocumentariesandfictionfilmsand,naturally,thetraditionalmidnightshowingofTheRockyHorrorPictur

eShow.SundanceCinemasHouston—BookyourticketsinadvancefortheeasilyreservedseatingmovietheaterSundanceCinemasHouston.TheMETRORail－nearbydownto

wntheaterkeepsindependentfilmsondeck,butdoesn’tmindshowingthelatestgreatblockbuster(大片).Anditson－sitecafeservesuppizza,popcornandmore.ShowboatDriv

e－inTheater—ParkthecarattheShowboatDrive－inTheaterinHockleywhere“it’snotjustamovie...it’sanexperience！”Forasmallprice,families,fr

iends,andloversalikegetsnacks,souvenirs,andadoublefeatureofthenewestreleases.[解题导语]本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了休斯敦五家另类

剧院。1．What’stheWorthamGiantScreenTheateruniquefor?A．Thelatestfilms.B．Advancedequipment.C．Alonghistory.D．Easyreach.B解析：细节理解题。根据Wort

hamGiantScreenTheater部分中的“the394－seattheaterfeaturesalargescreenwith4Kresolutionandasix－tracksoundsystem”可知该剧院设有一个大屏幕，其具有4K分辨率和一个六声道音响系统，故选B。2．W

hatcanyouexperienceintheRiverOaksTheater?A．Driveyourcarin.B．Buyfriendsgifts.C．Seeculturalfilms.D．Enjo

yconvenientfoodservice.D解析：细节理解题。根据RiverOaksTheater部分中的“seatingtosettleintoaleatherrecliner(躺椅)andreceivepush－of－a－buttonfoodanddr

inkservice”可知在该剧院可享受到便捷的饮食服务，故选D。3．Whichcinemaislocatedinthecitycenter?A．SundanceCinemasHouston.B．BrownAuditoriumTheater.C．Rive

rOaksTheater.D．ShowboatDrive－inTheater.A解析：细节理解题。根据SundanceCinemasHouston部分中的“TheMETRORail－nearbydowntowntheater...”可知该剧院位于市中心轻轨旁，故选A。B(2017·济南模拟)AE

uropeanUnionprogramislettingblindpeopleexperiencefamouspaintingsforthefirsttime.Itusesthree－dimensional(3－D)printingtorecreatefa

mouspaintingssotheycanbetouched.OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s“TheKiss”.ItisapopularattractionattheBelvedere

MuseuminVienna,Austria.Thepaintingshowsamanandawomanstandinginafieldfilledwithflowers.Theyarewearinggoldrobesandhavetheirar

msaroundeachother.Themanleansdowntokissthewoman.Klimtfinishedthepaintingin1908.Untilnow,peoplewhohadtroubleseeingcouldnotappreciatethea

rtwork.Butthankstothereproductiontheycantouchthepieceandfeeltheridgesanddepressions.AndreasReichingerstartedmaking3－Dversionsofartworkin2010.Hes

aidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouple’srobesaresodetailed.DominikaRaditschisablindmuseumvisi

tor.Shetouchedthereproduction.Asshemovedherhandsarounditshesaid,“Exactly,canyouseethese?Therearesomanydetails.”Raditschsaidshecouldimaginewhattheorig

inalpaintinglookslikewhenshetouchedthereproduction.“It’ssomehowround.Youcanfeelit.Youcanfeelit.Itcom

eswithit.Andinmanyplacesit’ssosmooth.AndthenIthinktomyself:itprobablyshinestoo！”Raditschsaid.TheBelved

ereisnottheonlymuseumtohave3－Dversionsofitsartwork.SomeofthepiecesatthePradoMuseum,inMadrid,Spainhavereproductionsthat

canbetouched.ButthepieceinViennahasonespecialpart:itismadewithwidelyavailable3－Dprintingtechnology.Thatmeansoneday,bli

ndartfansanywhereintheworldcoulddownloadthesourcefilesandprintthereproductionsthemselves.[解题导语]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重

现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。4．Whatis“TheKiss”？A．AEuropeanUnionproject.B．Apopularpainting.C．A3－Dtechnology.D．Afamousmuseum.B解析：细节理解题。从文章第二

段的“OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s‘TheKiss’.Itisapopularattraction...”可知，《吻》是一幅深受大家欢迎的画作。故选B项。5．WhydidReichingersayth

isreproductionwasdifficulttofinish?A．Thepaintingwasreproduceddetailedly.B．Theoriginalartworkwasmadein1908.C．Blindartfanscan’tdownl

oadthesource.D．The3－Dtechnologyisnotavailable.A解析：细节理解题。从文章第三段的最后一句“Hesaidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouple’srobesaresod

etailed.”可知，AndreasReichinger说《吻》是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选A项。B项“原画作制作于1908年”和C项“视障的艺术粉丝们不能下载资源”与该题的要求不符；D项错在“notavailable”，与文

章第三段中的“startedmaking3－Dversionsofartworkin2010”不符。6．HowdidRaditschfeelwhenshefirsttouchedthereproduction?A．Awkward.

B．Puzzled.C．Excited.D．Nervous.C解析：推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“Youcanfeelit.Youcanfeelit.”可以推测出Raditsch“激动的”心情。故选C项。7．Whatisthebesttitleforthe

text?A．AEuropeanUnionProgramforMuseumVisitorsB．3－DPrintingLetstheBlindExperienceFamousPaintingsC．HowtoReproducetheWorld－famousPaintingsD．A

SpecialMuseumforArtFansinVienna,AustriaB解析：标题归纳题。从文章第一段的内容可以看出，用3D打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选

B项。A项错在“MuseumVisitors”太宽泛；C项“如何复制世界名画”只是文章的一部分，不全面；D项没有突出“3－Dprinting”和“blindfans”，故排除。C(2017·四川绵阳第二次诊断)Hehadmorethan160reportsasarep

orteronthemetrodeskandmorethan170in19monthsasanationaljournalistbasedinKansasCity，Mo.Butperhapsthemostimportantpieceofwritingtha

tA．G.SulzbergerdidforTheNewYorkTimesbeforeWednesday—whenhewasnameddeputypublishers—wasnotanarticleandwasnotpublishedinTheTimes,butwasalla

boutTheTimes.Thatworkcametobeknownasthe“innovation(创新)report”，whichzeroedinontheimportanceofadigitalfutureforthenewspaperhisfamilyhasownedsince18

96andsaidTheTimesriskedlosingitsleadingplaceifitdidnotmakesweepingchanges.InaconversationinhisofficeonWednesday,Mr.Sulzbergersaidhesawtheinnovat

ionreport—andthethinkingthatledtohisconclusions—as“awake­upcalltothenewsroomthatwewereatriskofmissingthemoment”．“Itwasalwayseasytoseehowchange

willendangerthetraditionsoftheplace，”hesaid，“butwhatbecamereallycleartomewasthatnotchangingwasthemoredangerouscourseifwe

caredaboutthetraditionsoftheplace.”Unlikesomeoftheformerdeputypublishersinhisrole,Mr.Sulzbergerhasbeenmoreexperiencedinthenewsroo

mthaninadvertisingorconsumermarketing.Still，hiscolleaguesdescribedhimasaquickstudywhosemodestymaskeddeepinnerco

nfidence.Besides，inthenewsroomoroutonanassignment，Mr.SulzbergerdidnotshowoffhisconnectiontoTheTimes’owners.“Irecognized

thename，”saidVincentBova，avideoeditorwhofiguredinafeaturearticlethatMr.Sulzbergerwrotein2010.“Imean,Ikn

ewIwasdealingwithroyalty.Therewasnoreasonformetobringthatupwithhim,andhedidn’t.”SoMr.Sulzberger，insomeway，hasqualifiedhimselffort

hepositionsincelongtimeago.[解题导语]本文介绍了《纽约时报》的出版人苏兹贝格，不管是他的工作能力还是创新能力，都得到了大家的认可。8．A.G.Sulzbergerwrotethe“innovationreport”m

ainlyto__________．A．urgerevolutionsinTheTimesB．gainthepositionofdeputypublisherC．promotechangesinNewYorkCityD．showdirectionstohisfamilyf

utureA解析：推理判断题。根据第二段．..whichzeroedinontheimportanceofadigitalfutureforthenewspaperhisfamilyhasownedsince

1896...可知，苏兹贝格写的报道被称为“创新报道”，这篇报道全力关注报纸数字化未来的重要性，由此可推断出，他的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行创新。故选A项。9．Whatisthebiggestthreattotrad

itionalmediaaccordingtoMr.Sulzberger?A．Scientificdevelopments.B．Rapidsocialchanges.C．Theirownstubbornness.D．Dec

reasingreaders.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，苏兹贝格认为对传统媒体来说最大的威胁就是一成不变，也就是C项中的stubbornness。故选C项。10．HowdoestheauthorshowuswhatMr.Sulzbergerislikeinthelastparagr

aph?A．Bycomparinghimwithothers.B．Byinterviewinghiminperson.C．Bygivingexamplesofhisroutines.D．Byquotingcom

mentsfromothers.D解析：推理判断题。最后一段中引用一位视频编辑文森特·博瓦所说的话，描述了苏兹贝格是什么样的人，由此可以推断出，作者是通过引用别人的评论来介绍苏兹贝格的。故选D项。11．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMr.Sul

zbergeraccordingtothepassage?A．Casual.B．Objective.C．Admirable.D．Critical.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句SoMr.Sulzberger,insomeway,hasqual

ifiedhimselfforthepositionsincelongtimeago.可知，在某种程度上，苏兹贝格从很久前就有资格担任这个职位。由此可推断，作者认为苏兹贝格是令人钦佩的，故选C项。专题强化训练10细节理解题——数字计算类/正误判断类[学生用书P95(单独成册)]A(2017·

西宁检测)Ifyouchooseonlytocomplainandescapefromamisfortune,itwillalwaysfollowyouwhereveryougo.Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehards

hipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.Inanaccident，aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfatherwhowasthema

insourceofsupportforthefamily.Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Forthesakeoftakingcareof

him,hisyoungerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.Exceptforwritingwithhistoes,hewascompletelyunabletodoanythinginhislife.Asthetwo

brothersgrewuptogether,theyhadtheirshareofproblemsandtheywouldoftenquarrel.Thenoneday,hisyoungerbrotherwantedtoleave,living

hisownlife,asmanynormalpeopledo.Sohewasheart－brokenanddidn’tknowwhattodo.Asimilarmisfortunebefellagirl,too.Onen

ight,hermotherwhosufferedfromchronicmentalillnessdisappeared.Herfatherwentouttolookforhermother,leavingheraloneathome

.Shetriedtopreparemealsforherparents,onlytooverturnthekerosenelightonthestove,resultinginafirewhichtookherhandsawa

y.Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercityshowedherwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschool,shea

lwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelearnedtobeself－reliant.Oneday,theboyandthegirlwerebothinvitedtoappearonatelevisioninterviewprogram.Theboyt

oldtheTVhostabouthisuncertainfutureatbeingleftonhisown,whereasthegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife.Theybothwereaskedtowritesomethingonapiec

eofpaperwiththeirtoes.Theboywrote:Myyoungerbrother’sarmsaremyarms;whilethegirlwrote:Brokenwings,flyingheart.[解题

导语]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。1．Whatattitudeshouldwetaketowardsamisfortuneintheauthor’sopinion?A．Tryingtofindanescapefromit.B．Facing

itbravelywithapositivemind.C．Askingforhelpfromyourrelatives.D．Ignoringitandlivinganormallife.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句

“Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。2．Aftertheaccident,the

boy____________．A．decidedtolivewithhisbrotherB．learnttodothingswithhistoesC．madealivingallbyhimselfD．dependedwhollyonhisbrotherD

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofthegirl?A．Sh

elosthermotherinanaccident.B．Hersistertookgoodcareofher.C．Shewasoptimisticandfullofcourage.D．Sheledapoo

rlifewithherfather.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而

坚强，故C项正确。4．Whatdidthegirlmeanby“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”？A．Nevergiveuphopesinfaceofhardship.B．It’snoteasyforherto

liveanormallife.C．Ifabirdlosesitswings,itcannotfly.D．Ifyouloseyourhands,yourlifewillbehard.A解析：句意理解题。“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双

翼，心仍飞翔。”；结合最后一段第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望”，故A项正确。B(

2017·长沙二模)TheoldChinesesaying“ashappyasspendingtheNewYear”mightbeoutdatednowinthebusymodernworld.TheSpringF

estivalisregardedasthemostimportantfestivalforChinesepeopleandanoccasionforallfamilymemberstogettogether,likeChr

istmasintheWest.ButmanytraditionalcustomsaccompanyingtheSpringFestival,however,haveweakenedinpractice.Settingofffireworkswasoncethemosttypicalc

ustomoftheSpringFestival.Peoplethoughtthesputtering(爆裂)soundcouldhelpdriveawayevilspirits.However,th

eactivityhasbeencompletelyorpartiallyforbiddeninbigcitiesforyearsasthegovernmenthastakensecurity,noiseandpollutionfactorsintoconsideration

.“Inrecentyears,somecitieshavebeguntoallowpeopletolightfireworksduringlimitedhoursattheSpringFestival,surrenderingto(屈从于)publicdemand.Respectingfolkt

raditionsisagestureofrespecttowardpublicopinion，”saidZhouXing,afolkloreresearcher.“Aspeoplegainmoreincomeanditbecomeseasiertobuydailygoods,theNe

wYearholidayisjustlikeanyother.Afterlongworkdays,manypeopleusetheNewYearholidaytotakearest,ratherthanvisitingfrien

dsandneighbors.TheprocessofmakingandenjoyingthefamilydinneronSpringFestivalEveisthemostimportantthing.However,m

anyfamilieswouldliketoeatouttosavetimeandenergy，”saidLiShunzhi,aresidentofHarbin,Heilongjiang.“Ienjoytheholidaysverymuchin

thecountryside.MyfamilyhasbeenpreparingfortheSpringFestivalmorethantwoweeksbeforetheholiday,cleaningthehouse,buyinghol

idaygoodsanddecoratingthehousewithpapercuttings.OnNewYear’sEve,thewholefamilystaysuptoseetheNewYearin,andintheday

stofollow,aseriesofactivitiessuchasliondancing,dragonlanterndancing,lanternfestivalsandtemplefairswillbeheld.Withouttheancienttraditions,theholi

dayisnothingtous，”saidZhangHui,fromHebei.[解题导语]本文主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。5．WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepas

sage?A．Settingofffireworkshasbeenforbiddeninsomebigcitiesforyears.B．Nowadays,peoplecanlightfireworksi

nsomecitiesattheSpringFestival.C．Peoplebelievethatthesoundoffireworkscandriveawayevilspirits.D．Inthepast,settingofffireworkscould

n’tbeseenalmostanywhere.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“SettingofffireworkswasoncethemosttypicalcustomoftheSpringFestival.”

可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。6．WhatLiShunzhisaidimplies________．A．whatpeopledoduringthefestivalnowisdifferent

fromthepastB．peoplewouldliketohavethefamilydinneronSpringFestivalEveC．peopleprefertovisitfriendsandneighbo

rsratherthantakearestD．theNewYearholidayisjustlikeanyotherdayA解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨

今昔过年的差异，故选A。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．ZhangHuioftenspendstwoweekspreparingfortheSpringFestival.B．ZhangHuiisusedtospendingtheSpringFes

tivalwithhisfamily.C．ZhangHuialwaystakespartinaseriesofactivitiesaftertheSpringFestival.D．ZhangHuilivesintheurbanarea.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ienjoythe

holidaysverymuchinthecountryside.”和“Withouttheancienttraditions,theholidayisnothingtous”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张辉习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。8．Wh

atdoesthewholepassageshow?A．TheSpringFestivalisaslivelyasbefore.B．TheSpringFestivalisoutdatednow.C．TheSpringFestivalislosingitsqualities.D．Th

eSpringFestivalinChinaismoreimportantthanChristmasintheWest.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Butmanytraditionalcustomsaccompanyingt

heSpringFestival,however,haveweakenedinpractice.”，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象，故选C。C(2017·东北三校二模)HongKongBikingTourHongKongBikingTou

rincludesavisittoanage－oldwalledvillage,amysterioustreehouseandaworld－classbirdreserve.YouwillcycletothesouthoftheMaiPoReserve,wheret

housandsofmigratorybirdsspendthewinter.ThenitisontoYuenLongRestaurantforlunch.Thefullversionofthetourconti

nuesthroughmorewetlandsaroundDeepBayandtheLauFanShahfishingvillage.Thedayconcludeswithanoptionaltwoorthreehours’visittotheHongKongWetlandPark.Fr

equencyEveryWednesdayandSaturdayfromJanuary2017toAugust2017Time/Duration9a．m.to2p．m./5p．m.(5－8hours)forfullversion9a．m

.tonoon(3hours)forshortversionLanguageEnglish(French/Spanish/Chineseonrequest)TourPriceHK$700(fullversion)perpersonHK$550(shortv

ersion)perperson(minimum4people)CyclingTimeApprox.4hoursCyclingDistance28kmmaximumDifficultyEasyEnquiries＋8522454919

1.bikehongkongmountainbikingasia.com[解题导语]本文是一则广告。作者向我们介绍了关于香港的骑行之旅的一些信息。9．Youcanchoosetogoonthisbikingtouro

n________．A．Thur,August10,2017B．Tues,April11,2017C．Wed,September6,2017D．Sat,February18,2017D解析：细节理解题。根据Frequen

cy部分的“EveryWednesdayandSaturdayfromJanuary2017toAugust2017”可知，四个选项中只有D项在时间范围内。故选D项。10．Iffouradultsgoonthebikingtour,theywillpayatleast______

__intotal.A．HK$2，200B．HK$2，800C．HK$700D．HK$550A解析：推理判断题。根据TourPrice部分中的“HK$550(shortversion)perperson(minimum4people)”可知，四个成人去旅

行至少花费$550×4＝$2200。故选A项。11．Whowillmostprobablysignupforthetour?A．Ayoungcouplewhoarefondoffashion.B．Anoldmanwholikesfishingandhunting.C．Ac

ollegestudentwhoisfascinatedbynature.D．Ahighschoolgirlwhoisinterestedintransportation.C解析：推理判断题。根据HongKongBikingTourincludesavisittoanage－oldwalle

dvillage,amysterioustreehouseandaworld－classbirdreserve.(第一段第一句)关键句可推知，香港骑行之旅倾向于走进大自然；再结合文中“28kmmaximum”可知，骑行之旅较适合体力

好的人。故那些对大自然着迷的大学生最可能报名参加。故选C项。