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专题01名词-高考学霸笔记1.名词单复数不规则：①child-children;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;man-men②以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词，bus,watch,box,glass,match,brush,dish③以辅音字母+y结尾

，变y为i再加es【练一练】(1)【2018浙江】MakingChinese_____(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.(2)【2016全国卷II】Recent______(study)showthatwearefar

moreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.(3)Themostimportantthingafathercandoforhis________(child)istolovetheirmother.(4)【2020高一上·

绥化月考】OfficialsinthecityofLinhai,nearTaizhou,saidonSundaythatthetyphoonhadcausedtheworstfloodingthereinthe70-yearhistoryofthePeople'sRepub

licofChina,withwaterlevelsashighas36________(foot)causingmajorpowerfailures.【参考答案】dishes;studies;children;feet;2.冠词+名词①h开头：hour,honest,honor②univer

sity,united,union③useful,usual④European⑤one-eyed;one-way;one-stop【考点一】序数词前选the1.【2020年全国卷II】Theplumtreesa

re70._____firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).【考点二】of后选the表特定范围（含最高级）2.【2019年全国卷I】Of____nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsub-populations,threearedecl

ining,sixarestable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.3.【2014年全国卷I】Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof____mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironme

ntalcleanup.【考点三】空后仅单个名词4.【2019年全国卷II】Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas______joke.【考点四】方位名词前加the5.【2018年全国卷III】Unexpectedl

y,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat______topofherlungs.6.【2017年全国卷II】Thisincludeddigging

uptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover_____top.【考点五】as后a/an7.【2017年全国卷I】As______result,peo

plewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.8.【2017年全国卷III】Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas

_____modelinNewYork.【考点六】a/an+adj.+n9.（2021·浙江杭州四中高三开学考试）TeaisawonderfuldrinkoriginallyproducedinChinaabout4,0

00yearsago,whichis______importantcontributionoftheChinesepeopletotheworld.【考点七】其他（固定搭配）10.【2018年全国卷I

I】Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover_____past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.11.【2016年全国卷I】Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewda

yswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,______otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.12.【2016年全国卷II】Giveyourbodyand

brainarestbysteppingoutsidefor_____while,exercising,ordongsomethingyouenjoy.13.【2015年全国卷II】Theadobedwellings(土坯房）builtbythePuebloIndiansofth

eAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven____mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.单句改错【考点一】前文提及选the14.【2020年全国卷I】AfterthatIpouredoi

lintoapanandturnedonthestove.ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsintopantogether.15.【2017年全国卷III】Aroundmeinpictur

earethethingsthatwereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime,carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.16.【2015年全国卷II】Awomansawhimcryinga

ndtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.【考点二】量词选a/an17.【2020年全国卷III】Forexample,everymorning,mydadhastohavethebowlofeggsoupwhi

leIhadtoeatanapple.【考点三】可数名词单数前加a/an18.【2019年全国卷I】Suddenlyfootballfeeljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.【考点四】a和an之间的互换19.【2019年全国卷III】Ea

chofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.20.【2017年全国卷II】Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkever

yday.【考点五】country/countryside/world前加the21.【2018年全国卷I】Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.22

.【2016年全国卷II】Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.23.【2015年全国卷I】NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.【考点六】as后冠词的选择24.

【2018年全国卷II】Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchthem,myparentswouldnotletme.25.【2014年全国卷I】Asresult,the

plantsaregrowingsomewhere.【考点七】序数词前选the26.【2017年全国卷I】Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.【考点八】其他（固定搭配）27.【2016年全国卷I】My

unclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.28.【2016年全国卷III】Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymy

self.29.【2014年全国卷II】Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.3.名词常见后缀①ment:equipment(equip),environment,government,movemen

t(move),achievement(achieve),management(manage),agreement(agree),development(develop),excitement(excite)②ness:happiness(happy)

,kindness(kind),awareness(aware),business(busy),laziness(lazy),calmness(calm)③ty:activity(active),honesty(honest),ability(able),curio

sity(curious),security(secure),popularity(popular)④tion:action(act),education(educate),organization(organize),satisfa

ction(satisfy)⑤er:teacher,driver,leader⑥ist:scientist,artist,tourist【练一练】(1)【2015全国卷II】Inadditiontotheirsimplebeau

ty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto"aircondition"ahousewithoutusingelectric______(equip).(2)【2020湖南、河

南、江西3月线上联考】Accidentscanhappen,soitisimportanttothinkaboutyour_______(secure)beforeyougoandwhileyouarethere.(3)【2018黑

龙江佳木斯一中调研五】Yetovertheyears,its______(popular)fadedaway.(4)【2020湘赣皖十五校下学期一次联考】Frommakingpapertoweavingcloth,frommakingasilkquilttobuildingherownbread

ovenwithblocks,nothingseemsimpossiblewithLi’scraftyhandsastheyworktheirmagictobringthesethingsinto______(exist).(5)【2020云南昆明三诊一模教学质检】Sh

esaidthepurposeofthedresswastobuild_______(excite)aboutart.(6)【2020新高考I】Historical______(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.(7)【2019黑龙江齐齐哈

尔一模】Insuchaperioditisararecomforttofindacobblerwhogetshisgreatest_______(satisfy)fromprideinajobwelldone.(8)【2020全国卷III】

Filledwith______(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.4.名词复数提示词①数词,anumberof,various,allkindsof,avarietyof,oneof,thes

e,those,acoupleof,adozenof,dozensof,ahandfulof②谓语动词为are,were,have时，名词用复数5.常见不可数名词air,news,information,p

rogress,advice,food,work,experience（经验不可数，经历可数）,paper,knowledgeinformation不可数；message可数advice不可数；suggestion可数【

综合练习】【考点一】adj.→n.30.(2020全国卷I)Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular_____(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山).31.(2020全国卷Ⅲ)Fille

dwith_____(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.32.(2015全国卷II)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirabl

eistheir_____(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.33.(2020高一下·淮南期末改编-含形容词考点)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There

issomegoodnewsfortheenvironment.TheBritishgovernmenthasbannedtheuseofplasticparticles(微粒)incosmetics(化妆品)andotherpersonalcareproduc

ts.Plasticmicrobeadsortinysolidplasticparticlesareusedmostlyincosmeticsproduction,facewashes,toothpastesandotherproducts.

Whenweusethesethings,theplasticmicrobeadsgetintoourpipesthatcarrywater,and________(eventual)endupintheocean.Plasticintheoceanputsfishandplantsin

danger,andevencausesthemtodie.________(official)saythatthebanwillpreventwaterpollutionandinthemeantimehelpw

iththeprotectionofoceanlife."Thebanwillstopbillionsofpiecesofplasticenteringourecosystem,thushelpingtoconserveourp

reciousseasandoceans,"FormerPrimeMinisterTheresaMayeverwroteonTwitter.ThereseCoffey,thentheEnvironmentMinisteroft

heUK,said,"Theworld'sseasandoceansaresomeofourmost________(value)naturalthings.Andwhatwedonowistodealwiththeplasticthatcausesgreatdamagetoourseali

fe."Healsoadded,"______(actual),theamountofnaturalgreenthingsthatwecantakeadvantageoftomakepersonalca

reproductsishuge,andthereforetheuseofplasticmicrobeadsshouldbeabandoned.”【考点二】v.→n.34.(2020全国卷II)ChineseNewYearisa_____(cel

ebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.35.(2019全国卷I)...leadingtoa_____(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.3

6.(2019全国卷Ⅲ)...theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting_____(compete)towatch,...37.(2018全国卷I

I)Thisswitchhasdecreased_____(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.38.(2017全国卷III)Bu

tSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeautysheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher_______(educate)

.39.(2016全国卷I)Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop_____(attract).40.(2016全国卷II)Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirsts

oyou'llfeelarealsenseof_____(achieve).41.(2016全国卷Ⅲ)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,wholivedfro

mroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe_____(develop)ofchopsticks.42.(2020高一下·宿迁期末改编)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Haveyoueverheardthunderdu

ringabigsnowstorm?Ifso,you'veexperiencedan________(extreme)rareweatheroccurrence.Thethingsnecessaryfor

thundersnowaresouncommon________it'sreportedthatonly0.07percentofsnowstormsarelinkedwiththunder.Thisexplainstheexcited________(react)fromthewitnes

stoarecentthundersnow.Thundersnow-whenthunderandlightningoccurduringasnowstorm-ismostlikelytohappenduringlatewinter

orearlyspringwhenamassofcoldairmeetswarmairneartheground.ThundersnowismostcommonintheMidwest,theGreatLakesandalongcoasts

wheremoisture(水汽)fromwarmwatercaneasilyevaporate(蒸发)intothecolder,drierairabove.Someoftheplacesthatmos

tfrequentlyreporttherareweatherevent________(be)WolfCreekPass,Colorado;Bozeman,Montana;andtheshoresofLakeOntario.【考点三】名词复

数43.(2020浙江)Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe_____(season).44.(2018全国卷I)...amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeaths

fromall_____(cause).45.(2017全国卷I)...hashadsomeunintendedside_____(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease.46.(2017全国

卷Ⅲ)Shehasturneddownseveral_____(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.47.(2016全国卷I)Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew____

_(day)withhissister.48.(2016全国卷II)Recent_____(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatwork.49.(2015全国卷I)I’dskippednearbyGuilin,ad

reamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverwhicharepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_

____(painting).50.(2014全国卷I)Formostofus,the_____(change)aregradual.单句短文改错(高考)【考点一】可数名词单复数51.(2020全国卷I)NextIbr

oketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.52.(2020全国卷II)Luckily,Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacations.53.(2020全国卷III)Mymomisreallyc

oncerningwiththehealthofeveryoneinourfamilies.54.(2018全国卷I)LastwinterwhenIwenthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicke

n.55.(2018全国卷II)Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.56.(2018全国卷III)Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludeslearningfr

omtextbooks,andmistakeaswell.57.(2017全国卷I)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”“Turnleft!”58.(2016全国卷I

II)Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.59.(2015全国卷II)Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhispar

ent.【考点二】不可数名词60.(2017全国卷II)Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheinternet.61.(2016全国卷II)If

wegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.62.(2015全国卷I)Theairswebreatheini

sgettingdirtieranddirtier.【考点三】adj.→n.63.(2019全国卷I)Toeveryone'ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.64.(2016全国卷I)Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccess

ishonest.【考点四】名词所有格65.(2018全国II)WhenIwaslittle,Friday’snightwasourfamilygamenight.