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考点38阅读理解七选五(一)高考频度:★★★★★阅读理解七选五要求从短文后的七个选项中(均为完整的句子)选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项,主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响,体现了《新课标》"用英语获取、处理和运
用信息的能力;逐步获取用英语思维的能力。"的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点,又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙,只是选项少,以句子形式出现,考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述"主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意
义的理解和掌握。"可以得出以下判断:该题备选项可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置,例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题,过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构,注释性句
子与上文脱节等。文章体裁以说明文为主,语篇模式较为固定:提出问题——提供解决方案。文章题材较为固定:与学生的日常生活学习紧密相关。【题型分析】分析篇章结构,把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键,英语的语篇(discourse)通常是由句子和语
段(sentencegroup)构成的,语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次,句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想,但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想,只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段,才能表达一个相对独立的层意,所谓的"积句而成章,积章而成篇。"就是这个道
理。分析文章的层次包含两种形式:一种是分析整篇文章的层次,也就是段落,另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次,也就是语篇层次。语篇与段落是有区别的,语段是篇章结构的中间层次,是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式,段落(paragraph)是在某些语体(如记叙文、议论文)中比语段更大
的意义单位,较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子,一般来说,一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种,一是靠句际间意义的结合,二是靠句际间的关联词,逻辑性插入语来连接,在分析语段层次时,可以
借助句际间的连接词语作出判断,但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系,把握作者的思路,从语序上去发现断续点,理清层次,好文章的层次非常清晰,只有层层入手,才能真正理解文章。【解题步骤】解题步骤1在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是
不现实的,也是没有必要的,我们可以尝试以下四步走。1.先读文章的开始部分,明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。【巧学妙记】(一名(名词)袋(代词)鼠(数次)很特殊(特殊疑问词),连(连词)蹦(动词)带跳很彪(标点/标题)悍。)
2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种:词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。3.一旦确定一个选项,就要在该选项上做出标记(例如可以删掉),以避免干
扰和分散注意力。4.将选项代入到文章中重读,依据行文逻辑,再次确定选项。答题技巧细节类题型解题技巧(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接)1.词汇的衔接包括:(1)词汇复现复现,是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复
现关系,主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。(2)同范畴词出现同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现,达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词,从而达到快而
准。一般来说,上下文中词汇联系越接近,上下文的衔接关系越紧密。(3)代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高,代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。例如it可指代单数名词或整个句子
;they或them指代复数名词;one指代单数可数名词;that指代不可数名词或句子;this指代单数名词或句子;these或those指代前句的复数名词。2.逻辑关系的衔接过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为:A,并列关系:
First(ly),Second(ly),...;First,then/next,...;Inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace...;foronething,foranotherthing,...;
then/next,finally/last等。B,递进关系:too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what’smore,inaddition,aswell,tomakematte
rsworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。C,解释例证关系:forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等D
,因果关系:so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等E,转折对比关系:but,however,yet,while/though,or/other
wise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,yet,onthecontrary,incontrast/comparison等F,概况归纳关系:ins
hort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup等。3.篇章结构类题解题技巧根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略{1)
如果问题在段首通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句,了解大意知主题。(2)如果问题在段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如therefore,asa
result,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。备考策略:•注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节,更应该注意文章的布局。•注意
命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词,同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现,就认为它们是正确的选项,一定要符合逻辑,确保文章内容严谨。•注重速度。进行限时训练,培养实战观念,不可拖沓。•将近几年高考题进行分析,重点分析结构清晰分明的说明文和议论文。题组一(2
020年高考真题)Passage1(2020·新课标全国卷I)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit…toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimes
itseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36.Here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●37.Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enou
gh.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Know
thatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfai
lures.38.Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourself
acompassionate(有同情心)response?"Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest."●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbrai
ntolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotou
tofbedtoday.39.●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunwort
hy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40.Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Se
ehowawesomeyouare?A.Feelingupsetagain?B.Wheredoyoustart?C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D.Remember,yo
uareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?Passage3(2020·新课标全国卷II)Emoji(表情符号
)andWorkplaceCommunicationInAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.3
6..It’sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.Writtencommunicationscanoftenread
ascoldanddull.Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling,keepingintentionclear.37.,encouragingbetterandmorefrequ
entcommunication.Inanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommunicationstylecan
beachallenge.38..Whiletheyoungergenerationsprefertocommunicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeell
ikealearningcurve(曲线).Thegoodnewsisthatit’ssimpletolearnandcanbeworththeeffort.Thereisalsothematteroftone(语气).Whoha
sn’treceivedanemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday?39..Emojicanhelpcommunicationfeelfriendlier,andevenaseriousnote
canbesoftenedwithanencouragingsmile.40.,andemojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome.Andwhenyouremployeesbeginaddingsmilingemo
jistotheirbusinesscommunication,you’llknowyouhavesucceededinimprovingyourworkculture.A.MessagewithemojisfeelmoreconversationalB.Evenaformalemailcanse
emcoldandunfriendlyC.SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeD.ThepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadinggloballyE.Gi
vingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceG.A
neasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatformPassage2(2020·新课标全国卷III)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobehel
dwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfam
ilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.36.Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefulpresents.37.Some
peopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryinclud
ekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceof
artoraplant.38.Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn’talotoffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivities
likegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousew
armingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.39.Housewarmingpa
rtiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.40.Nowmosthomeshavecent
ralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.A.Thisisn’tusualthough.B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosh
arewiththeotherguests.D.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F.T
hebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.题组二(2019年
高考真题)Passage1(2019·新课标全国卷I)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“goout
andgetsomefreshair.”____36____Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.___37___Iftheairyou’rebr
eathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ify
ouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)
andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈)._____38_____Intheseplacespatientscangoto
benearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情
绪).Greeneryisgoodforus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterrat
ethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.______39______Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.___40___Whilethe
sun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsun
screenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimefory
ourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus
.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateai
rwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.Passage2(2019·新课标全国卷II)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选
项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?Thisiswha
tmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.___36___Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.___37___M
orethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvaluesyourstre
ngths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyouryou’reyourgoalsYoualsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivat
ion.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.___
38___So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayof
settingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsarefle
xible.____39____Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexampl
e,youmaywanttobeaPilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.____40____Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftos
etafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercom
ethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourse
lf?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationisw
hatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.WithoutmotivationyoucanneithersetagoalnorreachitPassage3(2019·新课标全国卷III)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.___36___Whil
eIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirpart
icularcircumstance.Do's•___37___Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecou
rsedesign,readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.•Partici
pateindiscussionforums(论坛),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.___38___Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformatio
n.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.Don'ts•Don'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,fina
ncialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.___39___•
Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.___40___Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.I
fthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor'sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.A.That'swhattheya
refor.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomecomm
ondo'sanddon'tsforonlinelearners.F.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestion
s.Passage4(2019·北京卷)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebes
twaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals._____46_____Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeop
le.Istheirmoneywellspent?___47___Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.TheresultsaremixedForfootballa
ndbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperform
ancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball.whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingth
eteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstoco
ordinate(协调)theiractions.______48______Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdepende
nceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentas
kinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris.forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeasho
thimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam'sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplay
teamsportsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”___49___Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasina
gameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.___50___.AnA-teammayrequireab
alance-notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It'snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.S
portsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalentC.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers'attention.D
.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportswor
ld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.题组三
(2018年高考真题)Passage1(2018·新课标全国卷I)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign–somethingyou’llalwayshaveinevery
room.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfullo
flife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthew
ayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomp
lex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallone
s,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoad
dvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignific
antbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbook
shelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourrooms
concernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpe
nseputintoitaresignificant.40.A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.Whateveryou’relookingforC.Ifyou’reexperimenting
withacolorD.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithE.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystob
esure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG.ColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorwaysPassage2(2018·新课标全国卷II)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中
选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout
.___36___Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake
andreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.___37___Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.___38___Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettin
gthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.___39___Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbett
erthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouarevery
excited.___40___Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruint
heirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout
,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedal
ldaylong.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerc
iseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.If
youareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!Passage3(2018·新课标全国卷III)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出
能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeat
h,andeverythingelseinbetween.___36___WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatwedding
s,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.―Iadoredancing,‖saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.―Ican'timaginedoingany
thingelsewithmylife."Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful.____37____It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpe
opleandhavingasociallife."___38___"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,"saysBridges.―They'relearningtodotraditio
naldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile._____39_____‖So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfee
lbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,―Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafterallthesey
ears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.____40____Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive."A.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhe
re.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.Ikeeppractici
ngevenWhenI'mextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.Pa
ssage4(2018·浙江卷)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesu
rethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodnei
ghborshould.___31_____Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair._____32
___Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheo
verallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takeasmallgarbagebag.____33_____Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareabo
utthearea._____34____Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanil
lness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythatisacceptable,whilestillres
pectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor._____35___Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappear
anceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertyw
hiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebeha
vior.D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassin
gcar,pickitup.F.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinover
everyoneintheneighborhoodquickly题组四(2020年名校模拟题)Passage11.山东省淄博市2019届高三部分学校5月阶段性诊断(二模)考试根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Livingtoth
eripeoldageof90maydependonyourbodysize—bothheightandweight—aswellasyourlevelofphysicalactivity,andgeeingtoinfluenceaw
oman’slifespanmorethanitdoesaman’s.Thestudyfoundwomenwholivedto90were,onaverage,tallerandhadputonless
weightsincetheageof20ascomparedtowomenwhowereshorterandheavier.1.However,mensawmorebenefitfromphysicalac
tivitythanwomen.In1986researchersaskedover7,000Norwegianmenandwomenbetweenage55and69abouttheirheight,currentweight,andweightatage2
0.Bothgendersalsotoldresearchersabouttheircurrentphysicalactivities.2.Themenandwomenwerethensortedintodailyactivityquotas:lessthan30minutes,30to60min
utes,and90minutesormore.Menandwomeninthestudyfaredverydifferentlywhenitcametotheimpactofbodysizeandexercise.Womenwhoweig
hedlessatage20andputonlessweightastheyagedweremorelikelytolivelongerthanheavierwomen.3.Thestudyfoundwomenwhoweretallertha
n5feet9incheswere31%morelikelytoliveintotheir90sthanwomenwhowerelessthan5feet3inches.4.Menwhospent90minutesadayormorebeingactivewere39%m
orelikelytoliveto90thanmenwhowerephysicallyactiveforlessthan30minutes.However,womenwhowerephysicallyacti
veformorethan60minutesadaywereonly21%morelikelytoliveto90thanthosewhodid30minutesorless.Andunlikemen,therewasnobon
usforincreasingactivity.5.A.Heightplayedamajorfactor.B.Nosuchassociationwasseenformen.C.Thestudywasobservationalandco
uldn’testablishcause.D.Infact,thestudyfoundthattheoptimallevelofactivityforwomenwas60minutesaday.E.Ne
itherheightnorweightseemedtofactorintowhetherthemenreachedtheir90s,butactivityleveldid.F.Inaddition,foreach30minutesadaythemenwereactive,t
heywere5%morelikelytoreachthatage.G.Andtheyincludeddogwalking,gardening,homeimprovements,walkingorbikin
gtoworkandsports.Passage2安徽师范大学附属中学2019届高三5月考前适应性检测Competitionisallaroundusanditmakesthestrongstrong
erandtheweakweaker.Itcanalsoteachushowtosurviveinafast-pacedandstressfulworld.1.Howmanyofushaveseenyoungboysweeping
becausetheirteamsdidn’twininter-schooltournament?Howmanyofushaveseenyoungteenagerscheatjusttowin?2Soit’simportanttodeve
lophealthycompetitionamongchildren.Whenitcomestoencouraginghealthycompetitionamongchildren,thefirstthingtodoissetgoalsforthemtostic
kto.3SincechildrenmaybeeasilyaffectedbywrongideasfrompopularmediaandtheInternet,it’suptoyoutodeveloptherightkindofspiritinthem.Teamspiritwillhelpthem
growintohumanbeingswhoaren’teasilyannoyedbysmalllossesortooexcitedbyvictories.4Sogivethemexampleswherefamilymember
srefusedtocheattowin.5.Whentheytakeanexam,don’taskabouthowmuchtheyexpecttoscore;instead,askwhattheywroteabout.If
yoursonplayedacricketmatchatschool,don’taskhimwhetherhisteamwonorlost;askhimhowmanyrunshescoredandencouragehimtoscorehigher
nexttimeinstead.Whenyouletyourchildrenknowthatyou’remoreinterestedinhowtheyperformedratherthanwhethe
rtheylostorwon,theywillsurelytrytobetterthemselves.A.However,youmustn’tpushthemtoohardandburdenthemwithtoohighagoalB.Weshouldalsoencouragehealthyc
ompetitionamongchildrenC.ThesearetheeffectsofunhealthycompetitionD.Inaddition,theymayalsonotwanttoadoptjusta
nymethodtowin,likecheatingorlyingE.Caremoreaboutchildren’sperformanceratherthantheresultsinasportsmatchF.H
owever,childrencanbehitbycompetitionG.SendingyourchildrentherightsignalsisalsoimportantPassage4湖北省黄冈市2019届高三模拟I
fsomethingthatyou’redoingdoesn’tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn’tchangeyou.Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives,a
fterall.1Sochallengethefollowinglimits:1.Figureoutwhatyou’rescaredofanddoitcontinuously.Ifyou’reasalesman,andyou’rescaredoftalki
ngtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephonenow,insteadofbeingscaredandthinkingyou’llfail,spendatleastfiveminutesadaytopickupthephoneandmakeaca
ll.2Butdon’tstoponthefirsttry!Eventually,youcanlookatfearintheeyeandsay,―Goon.I’mnotscared!‖2.Takeaclassforahobbyyou’vebeenwantingtodevelopMake
surethishobbyisnotlinkedtoyourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstresswhileperformingthis.3Apartfromhelpingyouchallengeyourself,takingaclassfo
ryourhobbymayalsogiveyouextraincome.3.Setasideatleastnineminutesadayforphysicalexercise.4Asimple9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowonder
sforyourself.Exercisecannotonlyhelpyoumaintainyourregularweight,butalsomakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.4.Travelandallowyour
selftobeinterestedinnewpeople.Don’tjustlimityourselftoyourfellowtravelers—trytoconnectwiththeservicestaff.Youneverkn
owwhatkindofpeoplethey’regoingtobe.Getoutofyourhouseorgoonlinerightnowtobookyourclass.5A.Youshoulddoitcon
tinuously.B.Someonemayhanguponyou.C.Youdon’tneedtogotothegym.D.Runninginthegymmaybeabetterchoice.E.St
arttotravelnowandlearntochallengeyourself.F.Someexamplesmightbecooking,sewing,paintingandsoon.G.Youcanneverseeanyimprovementifyou
sticktoyourcomfortzone.Passage5湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体2018-2019学年联考Helpfulwaystodealwithaknow-it-allfriendSometimeshavingafriend
whothinkssheknowseverythingandalwaysoffersherunsolicited(主动提供的)advicecanreallymakeoneupset.Butwithsomewaystodealwithknow-it-al
l,youcaneasilycopewiththatfriend.Alsoaknow-it-allfriendoftenactsasifshewerethebest.1Trytounderstand.Theremaybeare
asonwhyyourknow-it-allfrienddoesso.Maybeshehaslowself-esteem(自尊),orshesnothappyinherlife.2Thistipisveryimportant,especiallyiftheknow-it-a
llisyourbestfriendGiveheralittleattention,Givingalittleattentionisoneofthebestwaystodealwithaknow-it-allfrien
d.Showsomeenthusiasmaboutwhattheknow-it-allsaystogiveherenoughattention,3Orthiscanleadtohergivingmoreunsolicitedadvice4Oftentheknow-it-allfriend
cansaysomenot-so-nicethings,andthesethingsareusuallyaboutyou.Insteadofthinkingthatsomethingisnotokaywithyou,nevertakehercommentsa
ndadvicepersonally.Ifyoudoso.youmayreallybegintobecomeunnecessarilyanxious.Haveatalkwithher.Ifyouresickandtiredofallthose
unsolicitedadvice,comerightoutwithit.Speakpolitelyanddon’tinsult(辱骂)her.Trytofindagoodtimetotalktoher.5Tellyourknow-it-
allfriendhowitmakesyoufeelandmaybeshewillrespondwellA.Feelfreetoignoreherallthetime.B.Don'ttakehercommentspersonally.C.However,makesure
youdon’toverdoitD.TrynottogotothoseplaceswhereyouthinkshellbeD.TrynottogotothoseplaceswhereyouthinkshellbeE.Ifyouhavesuchafriend,hereareaf
ewtipsoncopingwithherF.Trytounderstandherandunderstandwhysheactsthewaythatshedoes.G.Youneedtoknowwhatyou’regoingtosayandbesuretouseonlyki
ndwords题组一Passage1(2020·新课标全国卷I)【答案】36.B37.F38.D39.C40.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。36.根据题目AFewTipsforSelf-acceptan
ce(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知,选项B.Wheredoyoustart?(从哪里开始那?)最合下文语境,故选B项。37.根据下文Areyouh
opingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyoneinthi
sworld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量?要知道,你的生活是你自己的;你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知,本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较,因为生活是我们自己的,我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停
止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句,故选F项。38.根据本文的中心句Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的Youwillmakemista
kes,timeandtimeagain.(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知,本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人,普通人是会犯错的。选项D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.(记住,你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好,故选D项。39.根据上文Listallofyoura
ccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作,拿到了学位,今天你拜托了困境。)可知,这些小事都是
你取得的成就,都值得庆祝,即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。40.结合上文Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesew
ordsbacktoyourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得,为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在,自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandach
ievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗?)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A.Feelingupsetagain?(再次感觉心烦意
乱了吗?)最合上下文语境,故选A项。Passage2(2020·新课标全国卷II)【答案】36.D37.A38.G39.B40.F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。36.根据前句“InAsia,me
ssagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.(在亚洲,即时通讯平台正在迅速发展,无论是工作还是娱乐,都有数亿用户)”和后句“It'sbeenreportedt
hat76percentofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.(据报道,在一些西方国家,76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知,
前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D.Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadingglobally.(这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。37.根
据前句“Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling,keepingintentionclear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情,保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouragingbetterandm
orefrequentcommunication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知,这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A.MessageswithEmojisfeelmoreconversational.(使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。38.根据前句“In
anygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommunicationcanbeachallenge.(在任何一间办公室,
员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大,在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)”中关键词句“employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,”与选择项中“allworkgenerations”是一致的。故选G。39.根据前句“Whohasn’treceive
danemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday?(谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢?)”和后文介绍表情的优点,可知,这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B.Evenaform
alemailcanseemcoldandunfriendly.(即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。40.根据后句“andEmojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcom
e.(并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知,这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F.Studiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplac
e.(研究表明,更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。Passage2(2020·新课标全国卷III)【答案】36.E37.B38.C39.A40.G【解析】本文是说明文,介绍了乔迁聚会的目的,礼物的选取,活动安
排和名称的由来。36.上句Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会,下句Anditisagoo
dtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项:它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。
与上下句并列,都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的,故选E。37.下文Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.和likeapieceofartora
plant.列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单,可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关,B项:带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统,概括了本段内容,引出下文,故选B。38.本段介绍了聚会的活动安排,根据后文Thisisof
tenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的,因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家,所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人
分享搬家,所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项:你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。39.本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐,主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到,由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的,人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们
帮忙干活是不常见的,A项:但这并不常见。表达了此意,与上文衔接,故选A。40.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来,根据bringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物,那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项:这样人们
就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。题组二Passage1【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处:新鲜空气中的氧气,阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系,建造
―康复花园‖,治疗病人了。36.E根据下一句中的―theanswerisabigYES‖可知,该空应该是一个一般疑问句,选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。故选E:但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗?空前的peopletellusto―goouta
ndgetsomefreshair‖和选项中的―yourmotheralwayssaid‖亦是呼应。37.A根据下一句中提到的―Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean…theairisfilledwithlife-g
iving,energizingoxygen‖可知,新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的,充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathemoredeeply,allowingmoreoxygentogettoyourmusclesandyourbrain”是对前文的递进:在户外,更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和
大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知,该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用,根据常识,我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部,然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益,故该空应选A选项:新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。38.G根据下一句中提到的―theseplaces‖可以推知,该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只
有G选项提到该类名词,故选项G:在全国,康复中心已经开始建造―康复花园‖。theseplaces就是指HealingGardens。39.C前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用:绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力
,降低血压,使人情绪良好。空后提到―它给我们一种平和感‖。该空起承上启下的作用,仍然要提到处于―康复花园‖这种自然环境中的好处,空后的it也要指代这种情况。故C选项切题:身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。40.D根据下文中提到的―thesun’s
rays…giveusbeneficialVitaminD‖可知,该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D:获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。Passage2【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对
于怎样设定具体目标,给出了一些方法。36.G上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台,难以决定”。该空承上启下,G选项“没有目标,你就既不能设定目标,也无法实现它”切题,故选G。37.B下文说“不仅如此,你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文,B选
项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢”切题,故选B。38.A上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”,下文说“所以,减慢速度,想一想那时候,你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下,A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题,故选A。39.E上文说“记得
,目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文,E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题,故选E。40.C上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员,但是不能成为一名飞行员,因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标,并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下,C选项“然而,这也不要使你沮丧”切题,故选C。Passag
e3【语篇解读】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上,与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的,作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。36.E根据文章段落结构和本段首句Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommun
icationwithprofessorsisveryimportant,可知,在网络课堂上,与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的,作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌,故选项E符合语境。37.G根据其后一句Questionsa
boutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.(与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的),解释了什么样的问题是好问题,可知,与G项“makesuretheyaregood,thoughtfu
lquestions”相呼应,要提一些好的令人深思的问题,故选G。38.A根据前一句Participateindiscussionforums(论坛),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.可知,要参与论坛讨论、博客
和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径,故选A。39.C根据本段Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends教授不是训练有素的护士,不是经济援助专家,也
不是你最好的朋友,可知,不要分享个人信息或故事,如果他们需要更多信息的话,他们会主动问起的,故选项C符合语境。40.F通读本段,并根据本段主题句Don’topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororcl
ass.告诫读者,每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课,不要在社交媒体上攻击教授,不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满,要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F符合上下文语境。Passage4【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文
章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员,也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。46.B上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承
上启下,也是在举例,B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题,故选B。47.E下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”该空引出下文,E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题,故选E。48.G上文说“为了解释这一现象,研究人员探索了一场
好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”,下文说明了研究结果,该空承上启下,G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题,故选G。49.D上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分,而影响团队的表现”,该空承接上文,D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题,故选
D。50.F下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员,也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文,F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题,故选F。题组三Passage1【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文
章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。36.B【解析】36题以逗号结尾,后面另起一个简单句,可以从句子结构排除D,E,F,G项。根据前文的三个问句可知,此处是从中选择一种。故选B(不管你寻找哪一种)。37.A【解
析】前文:在过去的许多年里,有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点;下文:它们有点复杂。所以A(然而他们都很有用)承上启下。符合题意。38.D【解析】本空是一个主题句,总说选择小颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小颜色的具体用途。故选D。39.G【解
析】根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发,餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是对小型颜色选择在两种方式上的进一步提示,故选G。40.F【解析】前文thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignif
icant你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的。后文F那肯定是值得的,因为你想第一次把它弄好。故选F。Passage2【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处,号召人们早点起床,进行身体锻炼。36.G【解析】根据空前的内容―
生活忙碌没有时间锻炼‖和空后的内容―晨练除了身体健康之外,还能带来其他好处‖,下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知,此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中thenlistenup!(那么请仔细听!)很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
37.E【解析】根据上一句Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake(锻炼能让你更清醒),E项(你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。)是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。38.F【解析】空前句子是本段的主题句
,晨练是新陈代谢的开始,空后句子说如果晨练,则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处,F项(锻炼之后,你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。)是空后句子的根据,空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。39.B【解析】此处缺一个主题句。空后句
子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项(你的睡眠质量提高了。)是对后面内容的总述。故选B。40.A【解析】根据空后句子―Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodcho
icesthroughouttheday.(如果你在早晨锻炼身体,你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。)‖,A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容,是主题句,起到统领下文的作用。故选A。Passage3【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好
处。36.B【解析】根据空后的内容WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjustt
ofillthetime.可知,这里是说遭美国都有人跳舞从弗罗里达到阿拉斯加,从北到南等,因此B项符合题意。37.D【解析】根据前文舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁,教跳舞是非常好的,再根据后句it’sgreattowatchthem,根据人称可知是在谈论
他们,所以D和F符合,再根据本段最后一句可知,此段主要介绍了跳舞对他们的好处,故选D。38.A【解析】根据第四段后句,是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因,故选A。39.F【解析】根据前句theyarriveattheclassinl
owspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile,所以他们的心情彻底改变,故选F。40.E【解析】根据文章前后句可知,此处人称为第一人称,所以E符合语境,作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。Passage4【
文章大意】怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人,作者给了几点建议。31.G【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲如果你想成为邻居中一个可以接受和有价值的部分,最简单的方法就是确保你的行为举止像一个好邻居。下文是具体做
法,G项:这里有一些技巧,可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信赖。承上启下,故选G。32.F【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍和邻居关系融洽最重要的是保持干净整洁的户内户外环境,F项中keepingeverythingintheirstre
etfreshandinviting.保持街上的一切新鲜和诱人,与本段意思一致,故选F。33.E【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌,出门拿上一个垃圾袋,E项:遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸,把它捡起来。与上句连接,是拿垃圾袋的作用。故选
E。34.B【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们,同时尊重邻居的隐私。B项:好邻居就是喜欢在小的方面帮助别人的人,符合本段内容,故选B。35.C【解析】考查对上下文的理解和
推理判断能力。最后一段是总结,只要我们考虑周到,尊重他人,照顾好属于自己的东西,为周围的人感到自豪,很快就会成为一个大家都喜欢的好邻居。C项中consideratebehavior是下文内容的概括,故选C。题组四Passage1【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文
章讲述的是人的寿命取决于哪些因素。活到90岁的高龄可能取决于你的身高和体重以及你的身体活动水平,并且鼓励会影响一个女人的寿命比影响一个男性的寿命更多。1.B上文提示―研究发现活到90岁的女性,平均而言,自从20岁就更高,更不易发胖,这是与更矮、更重的女性相比。
‖承接上文,B项Nosuchassociationwasseenformen.(没有见过有这样的男人协会。)切题。故选B。2.G上文提示―男女双方还告诉研究人员关于他们当前的体育活动。‖承接上文,G项Andtheyincludedd
ogwalking,gardening,homeimprovements,walkingorbikingtoworkandsports.(他们包括遛狗、园艺、家庭环境的改善、走路或骑自行车去上班和运动。)切题。该项中的they指的就是上句中的activities。故选G。3.
A下文提示―研究发现高度超过5英尺9英寸的女性与身高不到5英尺3英寸的女性相比,有31%更有可能活到90多。‖承接下文,A项Heightplayedamajorfactor.(高度扮演了一个主要因素。)故选A。4.E下
文提示―一天花了90分钟或更多在运动上的男性与每天锻炼少于三十分钟的男性相比有39%更有可能活到90岁。‖承接下文,E项Neitherheightnorweightseemedtofactorintowhetherth
emenreachedtheir90s,butactivityleveldid.(男性是否能活到90多岁,其因素似乎既不是身高也不是体重,而是活动标准。)切题。故选E。5.D上文提示―与男性不同,没有奖金增加活动。‖承接上文,D项Infact,thestud
yfoundthattheoptimallevelofactivityforwomenwas60minutesaday.(事实上,研究发现,女性的最优水平的活动是每天60分钟。)切题。故选D。Pass
age2【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何培养孩子之间的健康竞争。1.F根据下文提到的两个问题:我们中有多少人见过年轻的男孩因为他们的球队没有赢得校际比赛而哭泣?我们中有多少人见过青少年为了赢而作弊?这两个问题是两个例子,证明竞争
会让人受到打击。故F选项切题。2.C前面提到的两个问题折射出不健康竞争产生的影响。故C选项切题。同时,该选项又引出下文:所以培养孩子之间的健康竞争是很重要的。3.A上一句提到:当它来鼓励孩子们的健康竞争
时,要做的第一件事就是设定他们的目标。该空承接上文,对设定目标这件事作进一步的说明。故A选项切题:然而,你不能把他们逼得太紧,让目标成为他们的负担。4.D下文提到:所以给他们举个家人为了赢而拒绝作弊的例子。根据下文中的so可知,该空和下文之间是因果关系。那么,该空应该提到作弊这样
的话题。选项中只有D选项与此有关:此外,他们也可能不想采取任何手段来取胜,比如欺骗或撒谎。该空同时承接上文:团队精神将帮助他们成长为一个人,他们不会轻易被小损失所困扰,也不会因胜利而过于兴奋。该选项也体现了团队精神的作用。综上,D选项
切题。5.G该段提到:当他们参加考试时,不要问他们期望多少分数,而是问问他们写了些什么。如果你的儿子在学校打板球,不要问他的球队是赢还是输;问他进了多少分,鼓励他下一次得分更高。当你让你的孩子知道你对他们的表现更感兴趣,而不
是他们是输了还是赢了,他们肯定会努力让自己更好。通过该段内容可知,作者建议家长给孩子传递正确的信息:你关心的是他们的表现,而不是成绩。故G选项正确。Passage4【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何走出自己的舒适区、挑
战自己的几点建议。1.G根据本空前的“Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives,afterall.”可知,毕竟,我们的生活中需要一些压力,故G项(如果你坚持呆在自己的舒适区,你永远看不到任何进步)符合语境。2.B根据本空后
的“Butdon’tstoponthefirsttry!”可知,但不要打一次就停下来,故B项(有人可能会挂断你的电话)符合语境。3.F根据本空前的“Makesurethishobbyisnotlinkedtoyourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstr
esswhileperformingthis.”可知,确保这个爱好与你的职业无关,做它的时候你必须感到放松和减轻压力,故F项(例如烹饪、缝纫、绘画等等)符合语境。4.C根据本空后的“Asimple9-minuterunaroundyourneighborhoodcandowondersfo
ryourself.”可知,在社区附近跑9分钟就可以为你自己创造奇迹,故C项(你不需要去健身房)符合语境。5.E根据本段小标题“Travelandallowyourselftobeinterestedinnewpeople.”可知,旅行并且敞开心胸去结识新朋友,此处
讲的是关于旅行方面的内容,故E项(现在就开始旅行,学会挑战自己)符合语境。Passage5【语篇解读】本文为议论文。有时,有一个朋友认为她什么都知道,总是主动提出建议,这真的会让人心烦意乱。作者给出了一些对付无所不知的方法,你可以很容易地对付那个朋友。1.E
根据上文“有时,有一个朋友认为她什么都知道,总是主动提出建议,这真的会让人心烦意乱。‖及下文对“对付无所不知的朋友的有效方法”的论述可知,E项“如果你有这样的朋友,这里有一些对付她的方法。”符合此处语境。故E选项正确。2.F根据上文“试着去理解。也许你那位无所不知的
朋友这样做是有原因的。也许她自尊心不强,或者她的生活不快乐。”可知,F项“试着去理解她,理解她为什么这样做。”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。3.C根据上文“对无所不知的人所说的话表现出一些热情,给予她足够的关注‖及下文“否则会导致她主动提出更多的建议”可知,C
项“但是,确保不要过度。”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。4.B根据下文―不要认为你有什么问题,永远不要把她的意见和建议放在心上。”可知,B项“不要把她的话当真”符合此处语境。故B选项正确。5.G根据上文“说话要有礼貌,不要侮辱她。找个好时间和她谈谈。”可知,G项
“你需要知道你要说什么,并且确保只说善意的话”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断,虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解,但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。首先要克服心理障碍,同时要注意方式方法。注意设空前后的句
子,因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的,所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第2小题,根据上文“试着去理解。也许你那位无所不知的朋友这样做是有原因的。也许她自尊心不强,或者她的生活不快乐。”可知,F项“试着去理解她,理解她为什么这样做。”符合此
处语境。其中文章中的Trytounderstand与F选项中的Trytounderstand相对应,另外文章中的whyyourknow-it-allfrienddoesso与F选项中的whysheactsthewaythatshedoes.相对应。由此确定正确答案是F选项。