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科学知识图谱方法与应用绘制图谱的主要软件操作侯海燕博士大连理工大学人文社会科学学院科技伦理与科技管理研究中心网络-科学-信息-经济计量实验室WISELAB2009年9月12日讲座提纲科学知识图谱的主要研究方法科学知识图谱的主

要数据来源科学知识图谱的主要应用软件绘制图谱的软件操作演示科学知识图谱的主要研究方法Methods共引分析Co-citationanalysisJournalco-citationanalysis(JCA)期刊共引分析Author

co-citationanalysis(ACA)作者共引分析Documentco-citationanalysis(DCA)文献共引分析共词分析Co-wordanalysis关键词共词分析Co-wordanalysisofkeywords主题词共词分析Co-wordanalysis

oftitlewords多元统计分析方法因子分析（主成分分析）factoranalysisPCA多维尺度分析MDS-multidimensionalscaling聚类分析Clusteranalysis词频分析方法F

requencyanalysisofwords社会网络分析方法Socialnetworkanalysis科学知识图谱的主要数据来源Data主要数据来源：WebofScience科学文献数据：《科学引文索引》数

据库(SCI)《社会科学引文索引》数据库(SSCI)专利文献数据：德温特创新索引DerwentInnovationsIndex国际会议文献数据：ConferenceProceedingsCitationIndex-Science

(CPCI-S)分析的基本数据单元：作者author标题title关键词keywords摘要Abstract引文citedreferences(被引作者、被引期刊、被引文献）作者地址（机构合作、国家合作）应用的主要软件Softwa

re——共引分析、共词分析软件Bibexcelhttp://www.umu.se/inforsk/Bibexcel/---afree-wareon-linedevelopedbyOllePerssonbibliometricscit

ationanalysisco-citationanalysisbibliographiccouplingclusteranalysisSPSS多元统计分析及可视化软件Correlationanalysis,PCA(factoranalysis),MDS,c

lusteranalysisWordsmithTools词频分析软件Frequencyanalysisofwords应用的主要软件Software科学计量学主要的分支学科及其代表人物图3-1科学计量学学科结构知识图谱，1978-2004210-1-2-3210-1-2-3zuckerma

nhwhite_hdvlachy_jvinklerpvanraanafjtijssenrjwthelwallmsmall_hschubertarousseaurpricedjdnederhofajnarin_fnalimovvv

moravcsikmjmoed_hfmertonrkmccainkwmartinbrmacrobertsmhluukkonentlotka_ajlindseydleydesdorffllewisonglawanismkosto

ffrnkatz_jsirvine_jisciinfhaitunsdgrupp_hgriffithbcglanzelwgarfieldeframe_jdegghe_lcronin_bcrane_dcole_scole_jrchubindecarpentermpcallon_mb

rookesbcbraun_tbradfordscbonitz_mbeaverddarunachalams引文分析理论科研指标与评价科学交流科学知识图谱文献计量学网络计量学信息计量学科学技术与创新1评价科学计量学EvaluativeSci

entometrics2结构科学计量学StructuralScientometrics3动态科学计量学DynamicScientometrics科学计量学在亲本学科——科学学中的位置1.51.0.50.0-.5-1.0-1.5-2.0321

0-1-2worlddevtechnovationtechnolforecastsoctechnolculttechnolanalstrategstrategicmanagementstrategicmanagejs

ociologysocstudscisocsciinformsocproblsmallbuseconsloanmanagerevscientometricssciencescitechnolhumvalscitechnolsci_studscipublpolicysci_am

rqreveconstatrestechnolmanagerespolicyresmanageresevaluatreg_studrandjeconr&dmanageq_j_econpublicunderstscipsycholrevpnatlacadsciusapasisann

umeetorganstudorganscionlinerevnewengljmednatureminervamanagescilongrangeplannlibrtrendslibrquartlibrinformscireslancetjama-

jammedassocjtechnologytransfejprodinnovatmanagjpoliticalecjpoliteconjmarketingjmanagestudj_managejintbusstudjinformscijindeconjfinan

ceconjeconperspectjeconlitjeconbehavorganj_docjdairyscijbusventuringjamsocinformscijamsocinfscitecisisintjtechnolmanagein

tjmanmachstudintjindorganinformationstorageinformationprocessiinformprocessmanagindcorpchangeieeetengmanageieeecompu

thist_sciharvardbusreveconometricaecon_jecinnovationnewtecurrcontentscomputercommunacmcollreslibrcambridgejeconcal

ifmanagerevbritmedjbmedlibrassocannurevinformsciamsociolrevampsycholamjsociolameconrevam_docadminsciquartadmsciqacmtinfo

rmsystacadmanagerevacadmanagej1科技政策与科技管理ScienceandTechnologyPolicyandManagement2科学计量学、信息计量学、网络计量学、科学心理学、科学

社会学、科学教育学Scientometrics,,Informetrics,Webometrics,PsychologyofScience,SociologyofScience,EducationofScience4科学史与科学哲学、公众理解科学、科技伦理学、科学社会学HistoryandPhil

osophyofScience,PublicUnderstandingofScience,Scientificcommunication,EthicsofS&T,SociologyofScience-5奶制品学DairyScience3科学计量学

、信息计量学、网络计量学、图书馆与情报科学、计算机科学Scientometrics,Informetrics,Webometrics,LibraryandInformationScience,ComputerScience科学学学科结构

知识图谱期刊共引图谱JournalCo-citationMap53124科学计量学与相邻学科关系图3-4科学计量学与相邻学科关系知识图谱2.01.51.0.50.0-.5-1.0-1.5-2.01.51.0.50.0-.5-1.0-1.5white

_hdvonhippelevlachy_jvinklerpvanrijsbergencjvanraanafjthelwallmteece_djswansondrspink_asmall_hsimon_hashapin_sschubertasaracevict

salton_grousseaurrosenbergnrobertsonsepricedjdpavitt_kpatel_poecdnelsonrrnarin_fmulkay_mmoravcsikmjmoed_hfmertonrkmccainkwma

rtinbrmansfieldemackenziedline_mbleydesdorffllatour_blancasterfwkuhn_tskuhlthauccingwersenpharterspgrilicheszglanze

lwgarfieldefreemancellis_degghe_ldosi_gdervin_bcronin_bcollinshmcole_scole_jrcohen_wmcallon_mburrellqlbrookesbcbraun_tborgmanclbookst

einabloor_dbelkinnjbates_mjbarnes_b1科学计量学Scientometrics3图书馆与信息科学Library&InformationScience2科技政策与管理Scien

ceandTechnologyPolicyandmanagement4科学知识社会学SociologyofScientificKnowledge科学计量学主流研究领域知识图谱，1978-20043210-1-21.51.0.

50.0-.5-1.0-1.5distrisciproductivbibliometricsauthorco-citbibliometricindicatciteddocumentsco-citofscispeciaco-citm

appingsciclusteringco-citgeographyofscigraphingspecialtiesco-citationinscilinternationalcollabscientometricindicapublioutputcitimpsitationsbiblio

metrictheorycitationmeasurescollaborationininvnetworksofscipapelittlescibigscilinkageuss&tscientificcooperatievaluativebibliometcitations

researchperformanceuniv-resperformancesociologyscimattheweffectassessingbasicreseortegahypothesisint

ernationalscicointernationalscicofrequencydistributisciactionlaboratorylifestructureofscirevresearchcollaboraticitati

onbehaviorscimappingresplanscientometricdistriscientometricdistriscientometricdistriquantitativestudyoreferencingnewproductionknowl

communicationessenccitationanalysiscitationindexingjournalevaluationinternationalrescodistriworldscimainstreamresearchinformetricscommun

icationinscicitationprocessinvisiblecollegessocialstratificatioortegahypothesiscontent-anareferencma

ppingdynamicsscico-wordanalysisbradfordslawpublioutputcitimpscientometricindicabradford'slawco-citco-wordcollabor

ationcollaborationcollaboration科学计量学研究前沿知识图谱MappingresearchfrontsofScientometrics1978-20041引文理论、科学交流、基础科

研评价Citationtheory,ScienceCommunication,BasicResearchAssessment5科学计量学指标与国家科研绩效评价ScientificIndicatorandevaluationofnationalresearchperformance4科学计

量学经典概率分布、文献计量学定律、信息计量学ScientometricsDistribution,Bibliometricslaw,Informetrics1243科学技术合作CollaborationinS&T2科学知识图谱理论与方法、网络计

量学MappingofScience,Webometrics7科学与技术的关系linkagebetweenscienceandtechnology5Science(s)(tific)31Scientometric(s)21Citation17Research1

7Impact16Nations(al),Countries16Indicators15Publication(s)15Journal(s)13Field(s),Areas,,Subfields12Chemistry(cal)10Outp

ut10Bibliometric9International(ization),World8Assessment(s)6Laser6Performance(s)6Physics64Distribution(s)22Science(tific)14Scientometr

ic(s)12Productivity9Bibliometric(s)8Model,Patterns6Research6Author(s),Scientists8Citation(s)5Function5Informetric(s)5Law5Applicat

ion(s),Applied4Bradford4Frequency4Publication(s)43Science(s)(tific)50Collaboration(tive)37Research(er

s)27International20Authorship(s)14Publication(s)8Countries,National7Papers6Bibliometric5Cooperation5Model(ling)5Multiple5Physics(al)5Technology(ica

l)51Citation(s),Cited81Science(s)(tific)60Research35Theory,Theories,Theoretical25Indicator(s)22Papers,Articl

e(s)19Author(s),Scientists17Journal(s)17Model,Patterns15Evaluation,Assessment15Bibliometric14Scientometric(s)14Publication(s)13Measure(ment)(ing)

12Comparison(ative)10Reference(s)10Comments9Social,Sociology9Methods,Methodological9Network(s)9Structure(ral)9Performance8OrtegaHypothesis7

Communication6Area,Field62Science(tific)51Citation(s),Cocitation42Research21Mapping,Maps18Area(s),Disciplines,Domains,Specialties13Method(S)(ological

)11Model(s),Patterns11Journal(s)10Scientometric(s)10Theory(ies)10Bibliometric(s)9Information9Network(s)9S

tructure9Performer(ence)7Clusters(ing)6Comparison(ative)6Dynamic(s)6Indicators6Space(s)6Web,webometrics46Technology,Patent(s),Biotechnology,Inventors

18Science(tific)15Research9TripleHelix,Industry,Government,University,Hybrid8Citation(s)8Knowledge5Patterns4Area(s),Fi

eld(s)47Technology(ical),Patent(s),Biotechnology,Nanotechnology,Inventors18Science(s)(tific)13Citati

on(s).Cited8TripleHelix,Government,University,Hybrid5Relations,Related,Linkages4Knowledge4Domains,Fields,Interdisciplinarity46知识的新产品-科技动力学Newprod

uctionofknowledge:DynamicsofScienceandTechnology76科学计量学研究领域的演变图4-81978-1986年科学计量学主流研究领域知识图谱3210-1-21.0.50.0-.5-1.0zipfgk,1949,humanyablonskyai,1

980,vlachyj,1978,v1,smallhg,1977,v7,smallhg,1976,v3,smallh,1974,v4,psmallh,1973,v24,simonha,1955,v42,pricedjd,1981

,v3,pricedjd,1980,p19pricedjd,1976,v27pricedjd,1970,p3,pricedjd,1966,v21pricedjd,1965,v14pricedjd,1963,litnarinf,1976,evalunarinf,1975,v26,moravcsik

mj,1984,moravcsikmj,1975,mertonrk,1968,v15lotkaaj,1926,v16,lindseyd,1978,scikaplann,1965,v16,haitunsd,1982,v4,haitun

sd,1982,v4,haitunsd,1982,v4,hagstromwo,1965,sgriffithbc,1979,vgriffithbc,1974,vgilbertgn,1978,v1gilbertgn,1977,v7gilbertgn,197

4,v4garveywd,1979,comgarfielde,1979,v1garfielde,1979,cigarfielde,1977,p5garfielde,1972,v1framejd,1977,v7,endlerns,1978,v33edged,1979,v17,pcrane

d,1972,inviscoles,1967,v32,pcolejr,1973,sociacohenje,1980,v2,chubinde,1975,v5,chubind,1976,v17,brookesbc,1969,v2bradfordsc,1948,dbeaverdd,1

979,v1,beaverdd,1978,v1,andersonrc,1978,v科学计量学研究前沿知识图谱MappingResearchFrontsofScientometrics1978-198615引文理论与科学出版评

价、科学合作Citationtheory,Evaluationofscientificpublication,Scientificcollaboration671Science(tific)14Scientometric(s)8Comment(s)7Worl

d,International7Research6Citation(s)5Multidimensional(ity)5Publication(s),Publishing5Activities4Applications,Applied4Distribution(s)4Life4Quantitat

ive4Evaluation(ing),Assessment3Group(s)3Impact3Journals3Patterns3Rate(s)3Size32Science(s)(tific)33Citation(s),Cited,Citing26Research9Authorshi

p7Literature,Papers,Articles7Journals7Scientometric(s)7Collaboration6Patterns,Model6Evaluation,Assess

ment5Indicator(s)5Multiple5Social,Sociology5Field,Specialties5History(ical)4Impact4Measurement(ing)4Nat

ion,Countries4Output43Science(tific)33Citation(s),Cited,Citing,Cocitation22Research15Field,Specialties,Disciplines

9Authorship6Model,Patterns6Multiple6Article(s),Papers5Output5Collaboration4Growth4Indicators44Science(s

)(tific)47Distribution(s)14Literature,Papers,Article(s)12Citation11Research11Patterns,Model10Journal(s)9Scientometric(

s)8Authorship6Collaboration6Countries,National6Physics6Price6Productivity6Chemistry5Impact5Indicator(s)5International5Multiple5Publication5Bi

bliometric(s)4Bradford4Law4Measure(ment)45Science(tific)20Citation(s),Cited,Cocitation11Journal(s)8Research8Authorship7Papers,Art

icles7Evaluation(ing),Assessment6Multiple6Collaboration5Author(s)(ed)4Disciplines,Field4Impact4Performance4Productivity4Publication4Scientom

etric46Citation8Science(s)(tific)7Journal(s)5Comparison(s)(ive)3Impact3Physics3Publication(s)37世界科学产出分布Distributionofoutputofwo

rldscienceScience(tific),Scientifically6World(s),International4Data2Literature,Papers2Output21科学计量学分布理论ScientometricsDistribution2引文理论、科学

交流、科学合作Citationtheory,Scientificcommunication,scientificcollaboration3科学知识图谱理论与方法、科学合作MappingofScience,Scientificcollaboration4科学计量学经典概率分布

、文献计量学定律、科学合作ScientometricsDistribution,Bibliometricslaw,Scientificcollaboration6引文分析与期刊评价Citationanalysis,Evaluationofjourn

als科学计量学研究领域的演变图4-101987-1995年科学计量学主流研究领域知识图谱210-1-2-31.51.0.50.0-.5-1.0-1.5vinklerp,1988,v13velhol,1986,v9,pvanraanafj,1988,hsmallh,1985,

v8,psmallh,1985,v7,psmallh,1985,v11,smallh,1974,v4,psmallh,1973,v24,schuberta,1990,v1schuberta,1989,v1schuber

ta,1986,v9ripa,1984,v6,p38pricedjd,1976,v27pricedjd,1966,v21pricedjd,1965,v14pricedjd,1963,litpetershpf,1993,v2narinf,1976,eva

lumoravcsikmj,1984,moravcsikmj,1975,moedhf,1985,v14,mertonrk,1968,v15martinbr,1987,v33martinbr,1983,v12macrobertsmh,1987,mac

robertsmh,1986,lotkaaj,1926,v16,leydesdorffl,1988,leimkuhlerff,1967,kuhnts,1970,struckrauskopfm,1986,virvine

j,1985,v316healeyp,1986,v15,haitunsd,1982,v4,gilbertgn,1977,v7garfielde,1979,cigarfielde,1972,v1framejd,1979,v9,framejd

,1977,v2,egghel,1990,introedged,1979,v17,pcourtialjp,1989,vcolejr,1973,sociacolejr,1972,v178,callonm,1986,mappcallonm,1983,

v22,brookesbc,1969,v2braunt,1988,v14,braunt,1988,v14,braunt,1988,v13,braunt,1987,v12,braunt,1987,v11,braunt,1987,v11,braunt,1985,scienbradfords

c,1934,vbeaverdd,1979,v1,beaverdd,1978,v1,arunachalams,1985,arunachalams,1981,andersonj,1988,v1科学计量学研究前沿知识图谱MappingResearchFrontsofScientometric

s1987-199514新新1Science(s)(tific)45Citation(s),Cocitation(4)24Research21Scientometric(s)19Field(s),Specialty,Areas16Ma

pping,Maps12Network(s)12Bibliometric(s)11Journal(s)10Indicators9Case8Dynamic(s)8Development(s)7Information

7Measure(ing)(ment)7Method(s)6Model(s)6Performance6Price6Publication(s)6Technology(ical)6Theory62Sci

ence(s)(tific)76Publication(s)29Citation,Cited27Research26Indicators25Country(ies)23Evaluation,Assessment(s)(ing)20Journals19Impact18Internationa

l,World17Fields,Areas,Subfields16Output15Scientometric15Bibliometric14Performance(s)14National10Physics9Relative9Activity(ies)8Facts8Figures8M

ethods,Approach8Comparison(ative)7Development7Distribution7Index73Citation(s),Cited36Science(s)(tific)34Research23Indicator(s)19Bibliom

etric15Journal(s)14Measure(ing)(ment)11Ortega10Performance10Hypothesis9Publication(s)9Scientometric(s)9Assessment(ing),Ev

aluation8Comparison(ative)8Literature,Articles,Papers8Model(s),Patterns8Field(s),Discipline7Impact7Scientists6University64Science(s)(tific)22Distrib

ution(s)20Research13Law12Bradford11Indicator(s)11Scientometric(s)10Case9Citation(s),Cited8Literature,Papers8Publication(s),Publishin

g8Models,Patterns7Theory(etical)7Productivity65Science(s)(tific)47Research25Collaboration(ive),Cooperation(ive)21Citation,Cited16Journal(s)16Pu

blication(s)13International12Papers,Literature11Bibliometric(s)10Patterns,Models(ing)9Countries7Indicator(s)7Physics(cal)7Scien

tometric(s)7Fields,Specialty6Growth66Science(s)(tific)32Research24Bibliometric(s)13Indicators9Countr

ies,National9Publication(s)9Citation(s),Cited8Fields,Areas,Specialization8Assessment(s)(ing)7World,International7Performanc

e7Development6Journal(s)6Scientometric(s)62科研指标与国家科研绩效评价ScientificIndicatorandevaluationofnationalresearchperformance5科学合作ScientificCo

llaboration1科学知识图谱理论与方法MappingofScience3引文理论、基础科研评价Citationtheory,BasicResearchAssessment4科学计量学经典概率分布、文献计量学定律

、信息计量学ScientometricsDistribution,Bibliometricslaw,Informetrics6国家科研绩效的文献计量学评价Bibliometricevaluationofnationalresearchperformance科学计量学研究领域的演变图4-12199

6-2004年科学计量学前沿研究领域知识图谱210-1-2-32.01.51.0.50.0-.5-1.0-1.5whitehd,1998,v49,whitehd,1989,v24,whitehd,1981,v32,van

raanafj,1998,vvanraanafj,1996,vthelwallm,2001,v5smithag,1999,v55,smallh,1985,v8,psmallh,1974,v4,psmallh,197

3,v24,seglenpo,1992,v43schuberta,1990,v1schuberta,1989,v1schuberta,1986,v9schmochu,1993,v26rousseaur,1997,v1pricedjd,1976,v27pricedjd,1970,p3,pricedj

d,1965,v14pricedjd,1963,litnederhofaj,1989,vnarinf,1998,v41,narinf,1997,v26,narinf,1992,v21,narinf,1991,v21,narinf,1976,e

valumoedhf,1995,v46,moedhf,1995,v33,moedhf,1985,v14,meyerm,2000,v29,mertonrk,1968,v15meling,1996,v36,mayrm,1997,v275,martinbr,1983,v12m

acrobertsmh,1996,macrobertsmh,1989,luukkonent,1997,vluukkonent,1993,vluukkonent,1992,vlotkaaj,1926,v16,leydesdor

ffl,1995,lewisong,1993,v27letaj,1996,v35,platourb,1987,scikatzjs,1997,v26,jaina,1992,v23,pingwersenp

,1998,vharsanyima,1993,vgrilichesz,1990,vglanzelw,1997,v40glanzelw,1995,v21glanzelw,1994,v30glanzelw,1994,v30gilbertgn,

1977,v7gibbonsm,1994,newgarfielde,1979,cigarfielde,1972,v1framejd,1979,v9,framejd,1977,v2,egghel,1990,introcronin

b,1984,citacallonm,1986,mappbraunt,1995,v33,braunt,1985,scienbradfordsc,1934,vbraamrr,1991,v42,beaverdd,1979,v1,beaverdd,19

79,v1,beaverdd,1978,v1,almindtc,1997,v53科学计量学研究前沿知识图谱MappingResearchFrontsofScientometrics1996-2004134新新1Citations,Cited80Science(s)(tifi

c)71Research39Journal(s)25Theory(ies)(etical)24Indicators22Bibliometric21Scientometric(s)19Approaches,Methods(ological)18Literature,Pap

ers,Article16Country(ies),National13Author(s)12Maps(ping)12Comments11Information11International,World11Patterns,

Model11Fields,Area10Knowledge10Structure9Comparison(ative)8Publications8Distribution(s)7Evaluation7Impact7Policy72Science(s)(tific)76Collaboratio

n(ive),Cooperation42International(ization)29Citation(s)27Research27Bibliometric20Patterns,Model(ling)20Count

ry(ies),National,Multinational17Publications,Publishing17Literature,Papers14Journal(s)13Authorship(s)12Bra

zil(ian)11Indicators9Researchers,Scientists9China(ese)8Networks8Case7Impact7Measures(ing)7Productivity7Theory(etical)7University(ies)73Science(

s)(tific)74Citation(s),Cited62Research58Journals39Impact30Bibliometric29Scientometric(s)28Country(ies),National26Indicators

24International,World23Publications,Published20Literature,Papers,Articles18Patterns,Model(ling)16Fields,Areas

13Factors12Measures,Measuring11Social10Methods,Approach9Performance9Comparison8Index8Laser8Authors7Chemistry,Chemical7Evaluation,

Assessment7Physics7Productivity7Case6Collaboration6Comments6India(n)6Output6Quality6Technology6Theories64科学与技术的关系、科学知识动力学LinkagebetweenS&T,Dynamic

sofscientificknowledge5网络计量学Webometrics6Science(s)(tific)33Model(ling),Patterns14Research14Bibliometric(s)12Literatur

e,Article,Papers10Productivity9Authors7Collaboration7Journal(s)7Theoretical77科学文献老化模型Agingofscientificliterature7Citations,Cited11Science

(tific)8Bibliometric5Journals5Ageing,Obsolescence,Late,Delays5Impact4Distribution3Method,Approach3Field,In

terdisciplinary2International2Literature,Article2Model(ling)2Self2Stochastic26文献计量学理论Bibliometrics3科研

指标与国家科研绩效评价、引文理论ScientificIndicatorandevaluationofnationalresearchperformance,Theoryofcitation2科学合作，信息计量学Scientificcollaboration,Informetrics1引文理

论、科学知识图谱理论与方法、科技政策Theoryofcitation,MappingofScience,S&Tpolicy4Patent(s)(ing),Technology(ical),Biotechnology,Nanotechnol

ogy59Science(s)(tific)32Citation(s),Cited20Fields,Areas,Domains,Interdisciplinary(ity)14Research12Linkages,Interactions,Relations10Kno

wledge9Indicators7Patterns75Web,Websites,webometrics17Link(ed)(ing)(s),Inlinks,Outlinks,Interlinking,Hyperl

ink12Academic5Case4Citations4Patterns,Model(ling)4Research4Data3Disciplinary,Area3Europe(n)3Informetric(s)3Method(s)(ological

)3Country,National3Scientific3Self3University3PajekSocialnetworkanalysisUCINETSocialnetworkanalysis应用

的主要软件Software——社会网络分析软件、可视化软件UCINET最流行的社会网分析软件，其中包括一维与二维数据分析的NetDraw，同时集成了Pajek用于大型网络分析的免费应用软件程序。http://www.analytictech.com/不

同的社会网软件的文件都具有自己的格式，但是也可以自由转换。譬如，利用UCINET软件可以读取文本文件、KrackPlot、Pajek、Negopy、VNA等格式的文件。PajekPajek(ProgramAnalysisforLargeNetwork),由卢布尔雅那大学的VladimirBat

agelj和AndrejMrvar于1997年1月15日正式发布0.1版，是一项基于Windows的免费社会科学软件，主要用于社会网络分析，特点是可视化。该软件可以提供非商业应用的免费下载，下载网址:http:

//vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/pajek/CreatPajek可以把excel格式的文件转换为Pajek格式的软件。科学计量学合作网络知识图谱，1978-200415122152118161114221317341081997

206Centralauthorsofsub-networks(numberofco-workers)1GlanzelW(18)2MoedHF(13)3KretschmerH,LiangLM(7)4CourtialJP(7)

5GomezI(7)6GargKC(7)7NarinF(6)8ArvanitisR,Narvaez-BerthelemotN(4)9MeyerM(5)10RousseauR(9)11DavisM，MarkusovaVA(4)12Gu

ptaBM(8)13PerssonO(7)14ZittM(5)15OkuboY(5)16GonzalezRN,QuimbyFW,DeshlerJD,RivasAL(3)17GruppH(4)18LuwelM(4)19LetaJ(2)20ShirabeM(2)21BrucknerE,

BonitzM,ScharnhorstA(2)22FrancoisC,LamirelJC,PolancoX(2)科学计量学合作网络结构的演变图5-4科学计量学合作网络的微观结构图谱，1978-1986科学计量学合作网络结构的演变图5-5科学计量学合

作网络的微观结构图谱，1987-1995科学计量学合作网络结构的演变图5-6科学计量学合作网络的微观结构图谱，1996-2004应用的主要软件Software——多视角共引分析可视化软件citespace---afree-wareo

n-linedevelopedbyChaomeiChen1、通过引文网络分析，找出学科领域演化的关键路径2、找出学科领域演化的关键点文献（知识拐点）3、分析学科前沿热点4、探测学科知识基础文献共引图谱国际纳米研究领域的主要期刊分布

图谱物理期刊化学期刊、纳米期刊、及其他期刊共引图谱物理期刊化学期刊、纳米期刊、及其他期刊共引图谱期刊共引图谱作者共引图谱作者合作网络图谱2纳米粒子1纳米薄膜、纳米晶体、纳米线、纳米结构、碳纳米管4纳米管吸附、纳米硅6纳米棒阵列、氧化锌纳米线3光谱分析、纳米金、纳米簇5纳米复合材料、纳

米输运、纳米器件、纳米技术、纳米场效应晶体管7碳纳米管场发射机理8纳米传感器、蛋白质纳米技术图9国际纳米研究热点知识图谱共词图谱2纳米粒子1纳米薄膜、纳米晶体、纳米线、纳米结构、碳纳米管4纳米管吸附、纳米硅6纳米棒阵列、氧化锌纳米线3光谱分析、纳米金、纳米簇5纳米复合材料、纳米输运、纳米

器件、纳米技术、纳米场效应晶体管7碳纳米管场发射机理图9国际纳米研究热点知识图谱8纳米传感器、蛋白质纳米技术共词图谱CiteSpace软件介绍学科领域图谱TheCiteSpaceHomepagehttp://cluster.cis.drexel.edu/~cchen/citespace

CiteSpace始开发于2004年9月13日，于2007年3月20日最近更新(CiteSpace2.0.11b)由美国德雷克塞尔大学（费城）信息科学与技术学院（TheCollegeofInformationScienceandTechnology,DrexelUn

iversity）ChaomeiChen教授研究开发。ChaomeiChen教授研究的InformationVisualization–CiteSpace是近几年来在全美信息分析中最具有特色和影响力的可视化信息软件。从2000年至

今，在这一研究领域中ChaomeiChen教授发表了研究论文65篇，出版了6部研究专著。现担任美国《InformationVisualization》期刊的总编。CiteSpace是Java的应用程序，可免费获得使用。http://cluster.cis.drexel

.edu/~cchen/citespace/download.html它要求JRE1.4.2或是更高的版本作为运行环境。尽管CiteSpace能够通过PubMed或者大量的网络服务获取额外的信息，但是互

联网对CiteSpace而言并不是必须的。citespace输入的数据文件应该是ISI输出的格式，即从webofscience下载的格式。citespace带有一个数据转换器，可以将从网络上保存的数据进行转换。软件运行之前的基本步骤：1.为citespace准备数据。将数据文件放在一个文件夹

。每个数据文件名必须以“download”开头，并以“.txt”结尾，例如“download-mass-extinction-2006.txt”2.开始用citespace创建一个新的项目之前，你需要具体制定两个路径，一个是数据存储路径，一个是项目存储路径，在项目存储路径可以找到你保存的图谱和

输出文件。3.根据相应的时间分段调整timeslicing。4.按“GO”按钮，你就会看到软件处于运行状态，当运行过程结束的时候你会发现弹出一个新的窗口。CiteSpace相关名词术语Thresholds–s

electioncriteriausedbyCiteSpace–itemsmusthavemeasuresabovethresholdvaluestobeincludedinmodelingandvisualizat

ionprocesses.Timeslicing–adivide-and-conquerstrategythatdividesaperiodoftimeintoaseriesofsmallerwindows.Betweennesscentrality–ametricofan

odeinanetworkthatmeasureshowlikelyanarbitraryshortestpathinthenetworkwillgothroughthenode.Burstterms–sing

leormulti-wordphrasesextractedfromthetitle,abstract,orotherfieldsofabibliographicrecordandthefrequencyofthetermbur

sts,i.e.sharplyincreases,overaperiodoftime.Citation–aninstancethatapublicationreferencestoanotherpublication.

Co-authors–authorswhoappearintheauthorfieldofthesamebibliographicrecord.Co-citation–aninstanceinwhichtwoitems,suchasauthors,documents,orj

ournals,thatarecitedbyapublication.Time-zoneview–arestrictedviewinwhichthemovementofnodesislimitedtover

ticaltimezonescorrespondingtothetimeoftheirpublication.Turningpoints–nodesofhighbetweennesscentralities(>1.00).Suchnodestendto

becriticalinnetworktransitionsfromonetimeslicetoanother.Clusterview–anetworkisvisualizedinamodifiedspring-embeddernodeplace

mentalgorithm.Pathfindernetworkscaling–anetworkscalingalgorithmthatremoveslinksthatviolatetriangleinequalityconditionssoast

osimplifyanetworkbyretainingsalientlinksandpathsonly.CiteSpace的简要操作步骤1.Access/ObtainCiteSpaceandhowtorun获取和运行TheCiteSpaceHom

epagehttp://cluster.cis.drexel.edu/~cchen/citespace•两种方法运行citespacea.UseJavaWebStartdirectly通过网络直接启动b.下载citespace.jar文件（网页downl

oad）方法a：能保证始终用到最新版本，且运行速度快2.PrepareBibliographicDataFiles准备文献数据从webofscience检索和保存数据方法：a.MakeageneralsearchinWebofScience

b.Markallsearchresultsc.Savetherecords,includingCitedReferences,infieldtaggedformat.d.Nameyourfilesasdo

wnload*.txtE.g.downloadScience1999a.txt,download2004.txte.Savealldatafilesinafolderonyourcomputer.3.Whatinformationinbibli

ographicdataisusedbyCiteSpace?CiteSpace使用下载数据的那些信息？A:Authors作者B:Title,Descriptors,Identifiers,Abstract题目、主题词、关键词、摘要C:CitedRefe

rences引用的参考文献D:TimesCited引用次数E:YearofPublication发表年份BLAZERDG,1994,AMJPSYCHIAT,V151,P979EATONL,2001,NYTIMES1116,A1FOTH

ERGILLA,1999,DISASTERS,V23,P156FULLERTONCS,1999,AVIATSPACEENVIRMD,V70,P902GINEXIEM,2000,AMJCOMMUNPSYCHOL,V28,P495GOENJIANAK,2001,

AMJPSYCHIAT,V158,P788GREENBL,1990,JAPPLSOCPSYCHOL,V20,P1033HANSONRF,1995,JCONSULTCLINPSYCH,V63,P987HARVEYAG,1999,JCONSULT

CLINPSYCH,V67,P985KAWACHII,2001,JURBANHEALTH,V78,P458KESSLERRC,1995,ARCHGENPSYCHIAT,V52,P1048KILPATRICKDG,1987,CRIMEDELI

NQUENCY,V33,P479MADAKASIRAS,1987,JNERVMENTDIS,V175,P286MAZURECM,2000,AMJPSYCHIAT,V157,P896NORTHCS,1999,JAM

A-JAMMEDASSOC,V282,P755ORTEGAAN,2000,AMJPSYCHIAT,V157,P615POLEN,2001,JNERVMENTDIS,V189,P442RESNICKH,1999,JANXIETYDISORD,V13,P35

9RESNICKHS,1993,JCONSULTCLINPSYCH,V61,P984ROTHBAUMBO,1992,JTRAUMASTRESS,V5,P455RUBONISAV,1991,PSYCHOLBULL,V

109,P384RUEFAM,2000,CULTURALDIVERSITYE,V6,P235SHAHB,1997,SUDAANUSERSMANUALSHALEVAY,1998,AMJPSYCHIAT,V155,P630SHALEVAY,

2000,JCLINPSYCHIATS5,V61,P33SHERBOURNECD,1991,SOCSCIMED,V32,P705SHOREJH,1989,JNERVMENTDIS,V177,P681TUCKERP,2000,JBEHAVHEALTHSERR,V27,P40

6NR32TC179PUMASSACHUSETTSMEDICALSOC/NEJMPIWALTHAMPAWALTHAMWOODSCENTER,860WINTERST,,WALTHAM,MA02451-1413USASN0028-4793J9NE

NGLJMEDJIN.Engl.J.Med.PDMAR28PY2002VL346IS13BP982EP987PG6SCMedicine,General&InternalGA534UYUTISI:000174608600006ER11,2001,wasunpre

cedentedintheUnitedStates.Weassessedtheprevalenceandcorrelatesofacutepost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)andd

epressionamongresidentsofManhattanfivetoeightweeksaftertheattacks.Methods:Weusedrandom-digitdialingtocontactarepresentativesampleofadultslivings

outhof110thStreetinManhattan.Participantswereaskedaboutdemographiccharacteristics,exposuretotheeventsof

September11,andpsychologicalsymptomsaftertheattacks.Results:Among1008adultsinterviewed,7.5percentreportedsymptomsconsistentwithad

iagnosisofcurrentPTSDrelatedtotheattacks,and9.7percentreportedsymptomsconsistentwithcurrentdepression(with``curr

ent``definedasoccurringwithintheprevious30days).AmongrespondentswholivedsouthofCanalStreet(i.e.,neartheWorldTradeCen

ter),theprevalenceofPTSDwas20.0percent.…………C1NewYorkAcadMed,CtrUrbanEpidemiolStudies,NewYork,NY10029USA.ColumbiaUniv,MailmanSchPublH

lth,DeptEpidemiol,NewYork,NYUSA.MedUnivSCarolina,NatlCrimeVictimsRes&TreatmentCtr,Charleston,SC29425USA.Sc

hulmanRonca&Bucuvalas,NewYork,NYUSA.BellevueHospCtr,NewYork,NY10016USA.RPGalea,S,NewYorkAcadMed,CtrUrbanEpidemiolStudies,Rm556,12165t

hAve,NewYork,NY10029USA.CR2001,NYTIMES1226,B2*AMPSYCHASS,1994,DIAGNSTATMANMENT*DEPHLTHHUMANSE,1999,MENTHLTHREPSURGG*US

BURCENS,2000,STF3ADEPCOMMBURCAUGalea,SAhern,JResnick,HKilpatrick,DBucuvalas,MGold,JVlahov,DTIPsychologicalsequelaeoftheSeptember11terr

oristattacksinNewYorkCity.SONEWENGLANDJOURNALOFMEDICINELAEnglishDTArticleIDPOSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER;NATIONALCOMORB

IDITYSURVEY;MAJORDEPRESSION;NATURALDISASTER;SOCIALSUPPORT;OKLAHOMA-CITY;PREVALENCE;PSYCHOPATHOLOGY;SURVIVORS;S

YMPTOMSABBackground:ThescopeoftheterroristattacksofSeptemberABCDE11,2001,wasunprecedentedintheUnitedSt

ates.Weassessedtheprevalenceandcorrelatesofacutepost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)anddepressionamong

residentsofManhattanfivetoeightweeksaftertheattacks.Methods:Weusedrandom-digitdialingtocontactarepresentativesampleofadultsliv

ingsouthof110thStreetinManhattan.Participantswereaskedaboutdemographiccharacteristics,exposuretotheeventsofSeptember11,andpsychologicalsympto

msaftertheattacks.Results:Among1008adultsinterviewed,7.5percentreportedsymptomsconsistentwithadiagnosisofcurrent

PTSDrelatedtotheattacks,and9.7percentreportedsymptomsconsistentwithcurrentdepression(with``current``defineda

soccurringwithintheprevious30days).AmongrespondentswholivedsouthofCanalStreet(i.e.,neartheWorldTradeCenter),theprevalenceo

fPTSDwas20.0percent.…………AUGalea,SAhern,JResnick,HKilpatrick,DBucuvalas,MGold,JVlahov,DTIPsychologicalsequelaeoftheSeptember11terroristat

tacksinNewYorkCity.SONEWENGLANDJOURNALOFMEDICINELAEnglishDTArticleIDPOSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER;NATIONALCOMORBIDITYSURVEY;MAJORDE

PRESSION;NATURALDISASTER;SOCIALSUPPORT;OKLAHOMA-CITY;PREVALENCE;PSYCHOPATHOLOGY;SURVIVORS;SYMPTOMSABBackground:Thescopeoftheterroristattacksof

Septemberco-authorshipco-occurringbursttermsABBBCR2001,NYTIMES1226,B2*AMPSYCHASS,1994,DIAGNSTATMANMENT*DEPHLTHHUMANSE,1999,MENTHLTHREPSURGG*

USBURCENS,2000,STF3ADEPCOMMBURCBLAZERDG,1994,AMJPSYCHIAT,V151,P979EATONL,2001,NYTIMES1116,A1FOTHERGILLA,1999,DISASTERS,V23,P

156FULLERTONCS,1999,AVIATSPACEENVIRMD,V70,P902GINEXIEM,2000,AMJCOMMUNPSYCHOL,V28,P495GOENJIANAK,2001,AMJPSYCHIAT,V158,P788GREENBL,1

990,JAPPLSOCPSYCHOL,V20,P1033HANSONRF,1995,JCONSULTCLINPSYCH,V63,P987HARVEYAG,1999,JCONSULTCLINPSYCH,V67,P985K

AWACHII,2001,JURBANHEALTH,V78,P458KESSLERRC,1995,ARCHGENPSYCHIAT,V52,P1048KILPATRICKDG,1987,CRIMEDELINQUENCY,V33,P479MADAKASIRAS,1987,JNER

VMENTDIS,V175,P286MAZURECM,2000,AMJPSYCHIAT,V157,P896NORTHCS,1999,JAMA-JAMMEDASSOC,V282,P755ORTEGAAN,2000,AMJPSYCHIAT,V157,P615POLEN

,2001,JNERVMENTDIS,V189,P442RESNICKH,1999,JANXIETYDISORD,V13,P359RESNICKHS,1993,JCONSULTCLINPSYCH,V61,P984ROTHBAUMB

O,1992,JTRAUMASTRESS,V5,P455RUBONISAV,1991,PSYCHOLBULL,V109,P384RUEFAM,2000,CULTURALDIVERSITYE,V6,P235SHAHB,1997,SUDAA

NUSERSMANUALSHALEVAY,1998,AMJPSYCHIAT,V155,P630SHALEVAY,2000,JCLINPSYCHIATS5,V61,P33SHERBOURNECD,1991,SOCSCIMED,V32,P705SHOR

EJH,1989,JNERVMENTDIS,V177,P681TUCKERP,2000,JBEHAVHEALTHSERR,V27,P406documentco-citationauthorco-citationj

ournalco-citationACA/DCA/JCACNR32TC179PUMASSACHUSETTSMEDICALSOC/NEJMPIWALTHAMPAWALTHAMWOODSCENTER,860WINTER

ST,,WALTHAM,MA02451-1413USASN0028-4793J9NENGLJMEDJIN.Engl.J.Med.PDMAR28PY2002VL346IS13BP982EP987PG6SCMedicine,General&InternalGA534UYUTISI:00017

4608600006ERDE4.GetstartedwithCiteSpace（开始使用citespace）数据导入(datedirectory)：直接选定数据存放的文件夹，注意不要进入文件夹。5.ChooseNetw

orkAnalysis（选择分析方法）：CitedAuthor:AuthorCo-CitationAnalysis(ACA)CitedReference:DocumentCo-CitationAnalysis(DCA)CitedJournals:JournalCo-Citati

onAnalysis(JCA)Authors:Co-AuthorsTerms:Co-TermsACADCACo-AuthorshipJCACo-Term(Burst)CiteSpace软件特色及原理1、原始数据不需要转化为矩阵的格式，可以将WO

S及PubMed等数据库的原始数据格式直接导入CiteSpace进行运算及作图。2、对于同一数据样本，可以进行多种图谱的绘制，从不同角度展现数据演化特征。3、软件通过为节点和连线标记不同颜色，清晰地展现出文献数据随时间变化的脉络。4、节点的彩色年轮表示法清晰展现

了不同时间段的引证情况。5、连线的颜色代表了该连接共引次数最早达到所选择阈值的时间。特色：图谱绘制的具体操作演示谢谢大家