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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·唐山一模)Anewresearchbringssomegoodnewsforloversofspicy(辛辣的)foods,afterfindingthateatinghotredchi

lipeppersmighthelptoextendlifespan(寿命)．Consuminghotredchilipeppersmightreducedeathrisk,sayChopanandLittenbergfromtheresearchteam

.Inhotpeppers，suchasMexicopeppers,thestrongflavorcomesfromacompound(化合物)，whichdoesnotexistinsweetpeppersoronions.Studieshavesuggestedthatth

iscompoundcanofferwealthofhealthbenefits.Astudyofmorethan16，000peopleintheUnitedStatesshowedthatindividual

swhoconsumedredchilipeppershadalowerriskofdeathfromallcausesoveranaverageof18yearsthanthosewhodidnoteatthespicyfood.Compared

withparticipantswhodidnotconsumehotredchilipeppers,thosewhodidwerefoundtobeata13percentreducedriskofall－causedeath.Forexample,arecentstudyre

portedbyMedicalNewsToday,foundthatthecompoundmighthavethepotentialtostopbreastcancer,whileanearlierstudylinkedthecompoundt

oareducedriskofdigestsystemcancers.Still,theavailabledatasuggestedthathotredchilipepperconsumptionwasmoststronglyassociatedw

ithareducedriskofdeathfromheartdisease.Whiletheresearchersareunabletoidentifythespecificcompoundbywhichr

edchilipeppersmightextendlifespan,theteamsaysthatitislikelyduetothecompoundthatiseffectivelyagainstobesity(

肥胖症)．Overall,theteamsaysthattheselatestfindingssupportthoseofthe2015study,linkingspicyfoodsintaketoreducedriskofdeathbyshowing“asigni

ficantdecreaseindeathassociatedwithhotredchilipepperconsumption”.However,ChopanandLittenbergnotethattheearlierstudywasonlyconductedinChines

eadults,sothenewresearchmakesthesefindingsmorecredible．【解题导语】一项新的研究发现，食用红辣椒之类的辛辣食物可能会降低死亡风险，延长人类的寿命。1．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Thestudyo

nlygoesforAmericanpeople.B．Redchilipepperscancureall－causediseases.C．Thecompoundprotectspeopleagainstobesity.D．Onionconsumingcanreducedeathrisk.C解析：

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，尽管研究人员还不清楚到底是哪种具体的化合物能够延长寿命，但是研究团队认为可能是一种对防治肥胖症有效的化合物。由此可以推断，这种物质能够控制肥胖。故选C项。2．Whatisthefindingofth

enewresearchmainlyabout?A．Hotredchilipepperloversdevelopnocancers.B．Hotredchilipeppershelpcontrolbreastillne

ss.C．Hotredchilipeppersdecreaseheartdisease.D．Hotredchilipepperintakemayincreaselifespan.D解析：推理判断题。文章在第一段就提出了研究发现食用辛辣食物如红辣椒能延长寿命，在下文中

用具体的数据和例子来支持这一观点。由此可知，这个新发现主要是关于红辣椒的食用可能会延长寿命。故选D项。3．Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlin

edword“credible”？A．Convincing.B．Practical.C．Encouraging.D．Attractive.A解析：词义猜测题。文章第二段和第三段的数据和事例是在美国进行的研究，画线

词所在句则提到，以前的研究只是在中国成年人中进行的，那么现在的研究结果使得这项新发现更加令人信服了。convincing意为“使人信服的”；practical意为“切实可行的”；encouraging意为“令人鼓舞的”；attractive意为“有吸引力的”。故选A项。B(2

018·西宁检测)Ifyouchooseonlytocomplainandescapefromamisfortune,itwillalwaysfollowyouwhereveryougo.Butifyoudecidetobestron

g,thehardshipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.Inanaccident，aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfather

whowasthemainsourceofsupportforthefamily.Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Forthesakeoftakingcareofhim,his

youngerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.Exceptforwritingwithhistoes,hewascompletelyunabletodoanythinginhis

life.Asthetwobrothersgrewuptogether,theyhadtheirshareofproblemsandtheywouldoftenquarrel.Thenoneday,hisyounger

brotherwantedtoleave,livinghisownlife,asmanynormalpeopledo.Sohewasheart－brokenanddidn’tknowwhattodo.Asimilarmisfortun

ebefellagirl,too.Onenight,hermotherwhosufferedfromchronicmentalillnessdisappeared.Herfatherwentouttolookforhe

rmother,leavingheraloneathome.Shetriedtopreparemealsforherparents,onlytooverturnthekerosenelightonthestove,resultinginafirewhichtookherhandsaway.

Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercityshowedherwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschoo

l,shealwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelearnedtobeself－reliant.Oneday,theboyandthegirlwerebothinvitedtoappearonatelevisioninte

rviewprogram.TheboytoldtheTVhostabouthisuncertainfutureatbeingleftonhisown,whereasthegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife.Theybothwereaskedto

writesomethingonapieceofpaperwiththeirtoes.Theboywrote:Myyoungerbrother’sarmsaremyarms;whilethegirlwrote:Brokenwings,flyingheart.【解

题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。4．Whatattitudeshouldwetaketowardsamisfortuneintheauthor’sopinion?A．Tryingtofindanescapefromit.B．Fac

ingitbravelywithapositivemind.C．Askingforhelpfromyourrelatives.D．Ignoringitandlivinganormallife.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“Butifyoudecidetobestro

ng,thehardshipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。5．Aftertheaccident,theboy____________．A．decided

tolivewithhisbrotherB．learnttodothingswithhistoesC．madealivingallbyhimselfD．dependedwhollyonhisbrothe

rD解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。6．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofthegi

rl?A．Shelosthermotherinanaccident.B．Hersistertookgoodcareofher.C．Shewasoptimisticandfullofcourage.D．Sheledapoorlifewithherfather.C解析：细节理解题。根

据最后一段第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故C项正确。7．Whatdidthegi

rlmeanby“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”？A．Nevergiveuphopesinfaceofhardship.B．It’snoteasyforhertoliveanormallife.C．Ifabirdlose

sitswings,itcannotfly.D．Ifyouloseyourhands,yourlifewillbehard.A解析：句意理解题。“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双翼，心仍飞翔。”；结合最后一段

第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望”，故A项正确。C(2018

·广州高考模拟)Asachild，visitingthezoowasmoreapunishmentthanatreat.Ididn’tfindthechimps’teapartiesfunny，northebirdshowsentertaining.Feedi

ngtimeforsealswaslesspainful，buttheirperformancesstillseemedliketheybelongedmoreinacircus.AndIhatedcircuses，esp

eciallytheanimalacts—menteasinglions，girlsbalancingonelephantsandmonkeysplayingfootball.Iknewthateverytrickacircusanimaldidwasunnatu

ral，achievedthroughstricttrainingandquitepossiblycruelty.Happily，duringmylifetimepublicattitudesandthelawha

vechanged.Circusesusingwildanimalsarenowalmostextinct，andzooshavedefinitelyevolved.Whenmychildrenwereyoung

，Ioccasionallytookthemtoourlocalzoo.Theelephantswereintinycagesandthegorillaslookedboredastheysatpeelingbananasandstaringatteasingvis

itors.Eachcagehadasignwhichlistedtheanimal’snameandwhereitcamefrom.But，backthen，therewaslittleinformationi

ncludedabouttheenvironmentalchallengestheyfaced.Asaresult，environmentalistsandanimalloversoftenopposezoos.“

Animalsbelonginthewild”isacommonandunderstandablecomplaint.Butwhatdotheanimalsthemselvesprefer?Generallyspeaking，zooanimalshavealongerlife.But

—youmayprotest—theyarenotfree.What?Freetobehuntedandkilled，freetodieofhungerorthirst?Maybesittinginacageeatingbananasisn’tsobad.No

tthatsuchconditionsareacceptableinmodernzoos，duetotheworkofBIAZA，theBritishandIrishAssociationofZoosandAquariums.Thesed

ayseveryzoorequiresBIAZA’sapprovaltooperate，andtheassociationsetsthestandards，observesconditionsinzoosanddevelopsanimal­researchpr

ogrammes，bothintheUKandabroad.BIAZAalsoorganisestheanimalexchangesbetweenzoosallovertheworld.Consequently，today，

mostzooanimalsarebornandraisedinzoos，liveinlarge，comfortableenclosuresandarecaredforbywell­trained，knowledgeableandcaringzooemployees.Ofcourse

it’snosubstituteforlivinginthewildbutunfortunatelythisisn’talwayspossible.Meanwhile，whynotvisityourlocalzooanddecideforyourself?【解题导语】本文主要讲述了现

代的动物园是如何得到改善的。8．Thepassageismainlyabout________．A．howzooshaveimprovedB．whetherazooshouldbecloseddownC．anewenvironmentalorg

anisationD．thedifferencebetweenzoosandcircusesA解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了现代的动物园是如何得到改善的。9．FromParagraph2，wecanguessthatthewrite

rbelievescircusanimals________．A．hadmuchshorterlivesthanthoseinthewildB．werenottreatedwellbytheirtrainersC．shouldhavebeenplacedinzoosD．werenotasintel

ligentasthoseinzoosB解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“Iknewthateverytrickacircusanimaldidwasunnatural，achievedthroughst

ricttrainingandquitepossiblycruelty.”可推知，马戏团的动物有可能被驯兽师们虐待。10．WhichofthefollowingrolesareperformedbyBIAZA?A．Organisinganima

lstudyprojectsandtrainingzooworkers.B．Checkingzooconditionsandarranginganimalexchanges.C．Designingzoosandapprovingzoooperations.D．Caringforilla

nimalsandsettingzoostandards.B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“ThesedayseveryzoorequiresBIAZA’sapprovaltooperate，andtheassociationsets

thestandards，observesconditionsinzoosanddevelopsanimal­researchprogrammes，bothintheUKandabroad.BIAZAalsoorganisestheanimalexc

hangesbetweenzoosallovertheworld.”可知，BIAZA会检查动物园的情况，安排动物交换等活动。11．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutzooswouldthewrit

eragreewith?A．Zooanimalsshouldbefreedintothewild.B．Zoosaremorepopularnowthaninthepast.C．Zooanimalsaremorerestrictedthaninthepast.D．Zoo

snowprovidecaringlivingconditionsforanimals.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Consequently，today，mostzooanimalsarebornandraisedinzoos，

liveinlarge，comfortableenclosuresandarecaredforbywell­trained，knowledgeableandcaringzooemployees.”可知，作者认为现在的动物园给动物们提供了舒适和充满关爱的环境。D(2018·

云南高三11校跨区调研)Ifourkidsdon’tfall,theydon’tlearntogetup.Istillrememberthedayinhighschoolthatmymomforgottopickmeupfromschool.I’mtheoldestoffourchildren,a

ndnodoubtshe’dhadalongdaywiththeotherkidsandit’dslippedhermind.Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottom

yhouse,Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger,stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgottenme.Laterthatnight,mydadtoldmeIno

longerhadaridetoschoolthenextday.Ifiguredmymomwouldstilltakeme,butwhenthemorningcame,sherefused.Itwasmidterm,andasastraig

ht­Astudentreadytostartcollegeapplications,beinglatewasn’tanoption.Inmymind,missingthesetestswouldhavebeen

theendofmyacademiccareer.Ibeggedmymom.ItoldhershewasruiningmyfutureandeverythingI’dworkedfor.Butsheheld__her

__ground,__andthatday,Iwalkedtoschool.AndImissedmytests.Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.Sheletmesufferfromit.Sheletmefigureito

ut.Sheletmelearn.Now,asamommyself,I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegr

ow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.It’showweself­educatetolearnwhat’srightandrespectable,andwhat’snot.It’showwebecomeresponsibleandent

husiastic.Fallingdownmakesusbetter,becausewelearnhowtogetup.【解题导语】本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。12．Whydidtheauthorshoutathermother?A．Bec

auseshewastiredafterwalkinghome.B．Becauseshemissedsomeimportanttests.C．Becausehermotherhadruinedherfuture.D．Becausehermotherdidn’tpickheruphome.

D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottomyhouse,Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger,stormedintothekitche

nandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgottenme.”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气，故选D。13．Howdoestheauthorfeelabouth

erexperiencenow?A．Disappointed.B．Merciful.C．Beneficial.D．Embarrassed.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now,asamommyself,I’verealizedthatIwa

ntmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Bene

ficial)。14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“heldherground”inParagraph2mean?A．Stucktoherdecision.B．Gaveintome.C．S

aidyestome.D．Stayedintheplace.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Butsheheld__her__ground,__andthatday,Iwalkedtoschool.”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者

去上学。15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．OfferYourKidsHelpIfNecessaryB．StopRescuingYourKidsfromFailureC．BeResponsibleforYourKi

ds’FailureD．TrytoMeetYourKids’DemandsB解析：标题归纳题。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.”及“Iwantmy

kidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves”可知，B项最适合作文章标题。Ⅱ七选五(2018·潍坊模拟)TipsforTeachi

ngKidsResponsibilityYourbestfriendhasateenagerwhohelpswithhouseworkwithoutbeingasked.Yourcousinhasaone­ye

ar­oldchildthatputsherbottleinthesinkwhenshefinishesthemilk,butnoremindersareneeded.1.________Raisinghelpful,

goodkidswhoknowhowtomakeasandwichisnotafantasy!Thefollowingtipscangiveyouabetterchanceofraisingaresponsiblechildwhotheng

rowsintoaresponsibleadult.2．________Youcan’tsuddenlyspringresponsibilityonateenagerandexpecthewillknow

howtofollowthrough.Heneedstimetopracticeandtotallyunderstandwhatresponsibilitymeans.Letkidshelpyou.Don’tcompl

ainwhenit’stimetodohousework.Smileandinviteyoursontohelp.3.________Hewilltakethesegoodfeelingsandlearntotakeo

wnershipofhishomeandfeelprideinkeepingitup.4．________Makeresponsibilitiesage-appropriate.Youcanshowhowtocompletesmalltasksindailylifean

dperformthematachild’sskilllevel.Forexample,ifyourkidwantsasnack,showhimwheretheapplesareandhowtowasho

neoff.Teachyourchildconsequences.Learningtotakecareofhisthingsalsohelpsachilddevelopasenseofresponsib

ilityforhisactions.Getyoursontocleanupafteranartproject,andinformhimthathewon’tbeabletoplaywithhiscrayonsthenextdayifheleavesamessytable.5.___

_____Themoreyoucarryouttherules,themorelikelyheistocleanupwithoutbeingasked.A．Haveasenseofresponsibility.B．Whydotheymakeasandwichforkids?C．Showkidsho

wtoperformresponsibility.D．Wheredothesewonderfulchildrencomefrom?E．Teachingresponsibilitytokidsneedstostartearly.F．Whenyourch

ildisinvitedtoparticipate,hefeelsvalued.G．Thentakeawayhissuppliesifhedoesnottakehisresponsibility.【解题导语】文章主要对如何让自己的孩子变得有责任感给出几点提示。1．D解析：

根据上文可知，你最好朋友的孩子不用告诉就知道做家务；你堂兄一岁的孩子知道喝完奶之后把奶瓶放在水槽里。下文接下来叙述的是几条能够帮助你的孩子有责任感的小建议。D项“那么这些完美的孩子都是从哪来的呢”紧密联系上下文，符合题意。故D项正确。2．

E解析：根据本段的内容可知，青少年不会突然就表现得有责任感，也不要期待他自己会学会。他需要一个练习的过程才能完全知道责任的含义。E项“需要早点开始教会孩子有责任感”能够概括整段内容，适合作为这一段的主旨句，符合题意。故E项正确。3．F解析：根据本段第

一句“Letkidshelpyou.”可知，本段的主题是“让孩子来帮助你”。F项“当你的孩子被邀请加入帮忙的时候，他会觉得自己有价值”与主题紧密联系，符合题意。故F项正确。4．C解析：根据下文可知，你可以以孩子

的技能水平向他们展示如何在日常生活中完成小任务。例如，如果你的孩子想要零食，那么就先告诉他苹果放在哪里并且怎样洗苹果。C项“教会孩子如何表现得有责任感”能概括本段内容，适合作为这一段的主旨句，符合题意。故C项正确。5．G解析：本段主要讲的是教会你的孩子不管做什么事情都要想到后果，并且上文举了

一个例子，即告诉你的孩子如果他把桌子弄得凌乱而不去整理，那么第二天他就不能再玩他的蜡笔。G项“如果他没有履行他的责任，那么就拿走他的东西”是对该事例的一个总结，符合题意。故G项正确。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·长沙高中毕业生供题

)Everymorning,onmywaytowork,Iseehomelesspeoplesleepingonsidewalks.Clearly,they’reinneedof__1__.Ifeelita(n

)__2__toseethis,andmostpeoplewalkby，__3__thehomelessdon’texist,anddon’tofferanyhelpatall,notevena__4__.Recently,it’sbe

enextremelycold,makingthingsespecially__5__forthehomeless.UsuallyIarriveatworkaround8a．m.,whenthehomelessarestillasleep.I’mnotsurewhetherit’

sagood__6__toleavesomethingforthemwhilethey’re__7__，asitmaygetstolenortheymaynoteven__8__it.Today,I__

9__someone,whoseemedtobehomeless,sittingonthesidewalk,awake.Ihadsometime__10__Iwasduetostartwork,soIdashedacrossthestreettoaskifIcou

ldgetanythingforhimtodrinkoreat.Hewantedacola,soIwentandgotthisforhim__11__abanana.Igavehimthedrinkandbanana,thenwent

backtomyofficeacrossthestreet,andwentupstairstogetthebagIrecently__12__witheverydayitems.I’dbeenplanningtogiveittosomeoneinn

eed,sothiswasagreat__13__.Ihurriedbacktogivethebagtothestranger,whowas__14__．Societymayfeeluncomfortablewithhomelesspeople.__15__，wemustre

memberthey’rejustlikeus.They’rejustdownontheir__16__fordifferentreasons.Ifwe__17__tothoseinneed,ourheartswillg

rowandwecan__18__makeourworldbetter.SingerPhilCollinssangasongtitledAnotherDayinParadise,which__19__us

tobegratefulforthemanyblessingswehaveandnotto__20__thosewhoarelessfortunate.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者帮助无家可归的人的故事

。1．A.balanceB．significanceC．performanceD．assistanceD解析：根据下文的“don’tofferanyhelpatall”可知，这些无家可归的人需要帮助。assis

tance意为“帮助”。故选D。2．A.dutyB．regretC．advanceD．equalityB解析：根据下文作者帮助无家可归的人可推知，作者同情这些无家可归的人，看到他们睡在大街上感到很是遗憾。故选B。3．A.imaginingB．expectingC．pretendingD

．announcingC解析：根据“anddon’tofferanyhelpatall”并结合上文的“Ifeelita(n)______toseethis”可推知，大部分的路人对无家可归的人漠不关心，视而不见，即假装(pretending)没看到。4．A

.wordB．hugC．pityD．giftA解析：根据“even”可推知，大部分人不仅不提供帮助，甚至连一句问候都没有。5．A.absurdB．boringC．complexD．toughD解析：根据空前的“it’sbeenextremel

ycold”并结合语境可推知，天气特别寒冷，无家可归的人的日子更加艰难(tough)。6．A.ideaB．excuseC．lessonD．reasonA解析：结合语境可知，作者不确定自己的那种做法是否是好主意(idea)。7．A.relaxedB．absent－

mindedC．unawareD．dizzyC解析：承接上文的“UsuallyIarriveatworkaround8a．m.,whenthehomelessarestillasleep.”可推知，无家可归的人在作者早上开始上班时还都在

睡觉，是不会觉察到的(unaware)。8．A.knowB．wantC．shareD．affordB解析：根据“even”的提示并结合上文作者的犹豫可推知，作者不确定自己对他们的帮助是否正是无家可归的人所需要

的。9．A.spottedB．approachedC．recognizedD．interviewedA解析：根据语境可推知，作者在人行道上发现了一个醒着的无家可归的人。spot表示“发现”，符合语境。10．A.whenB．sinceC．

beforeD．unlessC解析：根据语境可知，作者离上班还有些时间，所以选C。11．A.insteadofB．exceptforC．regardlessofD．alongwithD解析：根据语境以及下文的“Igavehimthedrinkandbanana”可推知，作者顺便还给这个人带

了香蕉。alongwith表示“除„„以外(还)”。12．A.replacedB．packedC．decoratedD．combinedB解析：根据空后的“witheverydayitems”可知，作者包里装着每天的必需品。packwithsth.

表示“装着某物”。13．A.trialB．honorC．opportunityD．rewardC解析：根据语境可知，作者认为这是一个极好的帮助无家可归的人的机会。14．A.gratefulB．carefulC．hopefulD．skillfulA解析：根据语境可推知，把自己的东西馈赠给他人

，别人是感恩的(grateful)。15．A.BesidesB．ThereforeC．MeanwhileD．HoweverD解析：根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。16．A.effortB．luckC．appearanceD．repu

tationB解析：根据语境可推知，那些无家可归的人只是由于某种原因一时穷困潦倒而已，downonone’sluck表示“穷困潦倒”。17．A.lookoutB．breakoutC．reachoutD．turn

outC解析：根据语境可知，如果我们愿意帮助他们，世界会变得更美好。reachouttosb.表示“愿意为某人提供帮助”。18．A.trulyB．properlyC．deliberatelyD．approximatelyA解析：根据语境可知，帮助他人的确会让我们的世界变

得更美好。truly“的确，真实地”；properly“恰当地”；deliberately“故意地”；approximately“大约”。19．A.intendsB．remindsC．promisesD．persuadesB

解析：PhilCollins的歌提醒我们要感恩。remindsb.todosth.意为“提醒某人做某事”符合语境。20．A.trickB．blameC．doubtD．forgetD解析：根据语境可推知，人们不要

忘记那些不幸的人。Ⅱ语法填空JiuzhaigouValley,ChinaLocatedinSichuanProvince,theJiuzhaigouNatureReserve,orJiuzhaigouValley,shouldbeonyourtr

avelradarforitspicturesquebeautyoflushforests,1.____________(impress)waterfallsandglisteninglakes.AsChinaendeavorstoward2.____

________(cut)itscarbonemissionsby2020,however,Jiuzhaigouisalsoapioneerforbiodiversityconservationandenvironme

ntal3.____________(aware)inChinabyadvocatingeco－tourism.ListedbyUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSitein1992andaWorldBiosphereReservein1997,theareaishometomany4.

____________(endanger)plantandanimalspecies,includingthebelovedGiantPanda.Toexplorethemountainous5.____________(surroun

ding)andawayfromthecrowds,ZharuValley,6.____________particular,isthedesignatedeco－tourismzonewithinthenationalpark.Visitorsarerestrictedinnu

mberwithaccessonlyviaguidedhikingtotheundisturbedsurroundingsandfurthermore,into7.____________ofthenineTibetanvillag

es8.____________occupytheregion.WithChina’scarbonreductioneffortsinfulleffectandJiuzhaigoufirstinlin

etosupportagreenerfuture,theareacan9.____________(confident)lookforwardtowelcomingmanymoregenerationsofvisitors10.____

________(come)．【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名风景区——四川的九寨沟。1．impressive解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词的词为形容词，故用形容词impressive修饰名词“waterfalls”，符合语境，指令人印象深刻的瀑布。2．cutting解析：

考查动名词用法。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词cutting作介词toward的宾语。3．awareness解析：考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，故environmental修饰名词awareness，符合语境。4．end

angered解析：考查非谓语动词。endanger和句子谓语“is”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“plant”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，指濒危植物和动物物种。5．surroundin

gs解析：考查名词用法。surrounding用复数形式作名词，表示环境，被形容词mountainous修饰，符合语境。6．in解析：考查固定搭配。固定搭配inparticular相当于particularly，意为“尤其”，符合语境。故

用介词in。7．one解析：考查代词用法。与语境“nine”呼应可知，此处表示其中之一的概念，表示泛指，与介词of呼应。8．that/which解析：考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作

主语，修饰先行词villages，符合语境。9．confidently解析：考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、副词或形容词，也可修饰整个句子，作状语。此处用副词confidently修饰动词短语“lookforwardto”，符合语境。10．tocome解析：考查非谓

语动词。此处不定式表示将来的概念，作后置定语，和句子谓语“lookforwardto”之间没有连词。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确

形式。(2018·重庆重点中学协作体适应性考试)TheMid-AutumnFestivalinChinahasnothing,oratleastverylittle,todo61.____________autumn.It’sab

outtimeoffwork,andthegiftthatfewseemtoeatbutpeoplekeepgivingtooneanother:mooncakes.I62.____________(learn)aboutmooncakeswhenImovedtoChina’sca

pitalcity,Beijing.WhentheMid­AutumnFestivalcamearound,thecitywas63.____________(live)especiallywithshoppingformooncakes.Everygrocerystoresee

medtohavelinesofpeople64.____________(carry)thatsingleitem(商品)tothecounter.IaskedmyChinesefriendsaboutmooncakes,and65.____________majorityofth

emsaidthatfewpeopleactuallyatethem.Instead，66.____________(regard)asgifts,they’rechosenforfamily,friendsorco­workers.Whenyea

rslaterImovedbacktoNewYorkCity,Ididn’texpecttofindanypublic67.____________(celebrate)oftheMid-AutumnFestival.ButI’vebeensurprisedatthewaysthef

estivalcontinuesinatleastthecity’s68.____________(heavy)Chineseneighborhoods.ForweeksbeforetheMid-AutumnFestival,Brooklyn’sChinatow

n，69.____________Ilive,looksalittlelikeBeijingwithpeoplerunninginandoutofChinesebakeries,orstandinginlineatChinesegroce

rystorestobuymooncakes.ItlookslikeChineseculturecan70.____________(preserve)whileadaptingtochangingcircumsta

nces.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在北京居住时，发现中秋节前，尽管很少吃月饼，但人们仍喜欢买月饼送人。回到纽约后，作者发现纽约的中国人也这样做。作者由此发出感慨：似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。61．with解析

：考查介词。中国的中秋节和秋天没有或者说几乎没有一点关系。它是关于休息和似乎很少人吃但是人们仍然互相赠送的礼物“月饼”的。havenothing/somethingtodowith...“和„„无关/有关”，是固定搭配。62．learned/learnt解析：考查动词的时态。当我搬到中国的

首都北京时，我了解了关于月饼的一些情况。主从句的动作几乎是同时发生的，从句用了一般过去时，故主句也用一般过去时。63．lively解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，且意为“气氛热闹的，熙熙攘攘的”，故用形容词lively。64．ca

rrying解析：考查非谓语动词。每个杂货店似乎都排着队伍，队伍中满是拿着月饼向柜台走去的人。分析句子结构可知，people后是非谓语动词作定语，people与carry之间是主谓关系，且此处表示动作正在进行，故用现在分词作定语。65．the解析：考查冠词。themajorityof是固定搭配，意

为“„„中的大多数”，故填the。66．regarded解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，__________asgifts作状语，根据固定搭配beregardedas“被视为„„”和they(指代mooncakes)与regard之间的动宾关系可知，此处应该用过去分词作状语。67

．celebration(s)解析：考查名词。根据空前的anypublic和空后的of可知，空处应该填名词celebration(s)“庆祝活动”。68．heavily解析：考查副词。此处表示“至少在这个城市有大量中国人的社区”。空

处修饰形容词Chinese，且表示“大量地，在很大程度上”，故用副词heavily。69．where解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Brooklyn’sChinatown，表示地

点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where。70．bepreserved解析：考查动词的语态。似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。preserve“保存，保留”，是及物动词，故此处用被动语态。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语

课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加

的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018·西宁检测一)Myfavorites

portisplayingbasketball.Inthemiddleschool,Ijoinedinthebasketballteam.Alltheteammatepractisedhardafte

rschool.Onceourteamhadmatchagainstanotherschool’s.Attheverybeginning，weweresonervouswhichwecouldn’tcooperat

everygood.Becausethiswasthefirsttimeforustocompetewiththeschoolhonor.Inthehalfmatchtheyfellbehind.Ourteamle

adercallsustogetherandsaidthatwemustgetunitinginordertobeatthem.Thenwetriedourbestandwonthegameatlast.Playbasketballmakesm

erealizetheimportanceofunionandteamwork.答案：Myfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.Inthemiddleschool,Ijoinedin＼thebasketballteam.Alltheteamm

ateteammatespractisedhardafterschool.Onceourteamhad∧amatchagainstanotherschool’s.Attheverybeginning，weweresonervouswhichthatwecouldn’tcooperateveryg

oodwell.Becausethiswasthefirsttimeforustocompetewithfortheschoolhonor.Inthehalfmatchtheywefellbehind.Ourteamleadercallscalle

dustogetherandsaidthatwemustgetunitingunitedinordertobeatthem.Thenwetriedourbestandwonthegameatlast.P

layPlayingbasketballmakesmerealizetheimportanceofunionandteamwork.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·陕西部分学校摸底检测)假如你是李华，你计划暑假与父母乘飞机去纽约进行为期两周的旅游

。请你给你在纽约的笔友Tom写一封电子邮件，请求他帮助你解决以下问题：1．推荐一家旅馆(周边环境、设施)；2．推荐旅游线路；3．询问是否可以接机。注意：1．词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。D

earTom，Iwilltakeatwo­weektriptoNewYorkbyplanewithmyparentsinthesummerholiday._____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I’mlookingforward

toyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：Dear__Tom，I__will__take__a__two­week__trip__to__New__York__by__plane__with__my__p

arents__in__the__summer__holiday.I’mwritingtoaskyouforfavors.We’dlikeyoutorecommendahoteltousnearthesubwayinordertogetaroundNewYorkmoreeasily.

Andthehotelwithaprivatekitchenisbetterbecausewewanttocookmealsbyourselves.Inaddition,pleaserecommendareasonabletourrout

esothatwecansavealotoftime.IknowyouhavebeentomanyplacesofinterestinNewYork.Moreimportantly,Iwonderwhetheryoucan

pickusupattheairportbecausewearen’tfamiliarwithNewYork.We’dappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldhelpus.I’m__looking__forward__to__

your__early__reply.Yours，Li__Hua