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课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·唐山一模)Anewresearchbringssomegoodnewsforloversofspicy(辛辣的)foods,afterfindingthateati

nghotredchilipeppersmighthelptoextendlifespan(寿命)．Consuminghotredchilipeppersmightreducedeathrisk,sayChopanandLittenberg

fromtheresearchteam.Inhotpeppers，suchasMexicopeppers,thestrongflavorcomesfromacompound(化合物)，whichdoesnotexistinsweetpeppersoronions

.Studieshavesuggestedthatthiscompoundcanofferwealthofhealthbenefits.Astudyofmorethan16，000peopleintheUnitedStatesshowedthatindividu

alswhoconsumedredchilipeppershadalowerriskofdeathfromallcausesoveranaverageof18yearsthanthosewhodidnoteatthespicyfood.Comparedwithpar

ticipantswhodidnotconsumehotredchilipeppers,thosewhodidwerefoundtobeata13percentreducedriskofall－causedeath.Forexamp

le,arecentstudyreportedbyMedicalNewsToday,foundthatthecompoundmighthavethepotentialtostopbreastcancer,whileanearlierstudylinkedthecompoun

dtoareducedriskofdigestsystemcancers.Still,theavailabledatasuggestedthathotredchilipepperconsumptionwasmoststronglyassociatedwithareduced

riskofdeathfromheartdisease.Whiletheresearchersareunabletoidentifythespecificcompoundbywhichredchilipeppersmightextendlifespan,theteams

aysthatitislikelyduetothecompoundthatiseffectivelyagainstobesity(肥胖症)．Overall,theteamsaysthattheselatestfindingssupportthoseofthe2015study,lin

kingspicyfoodsintaketoreducedriskofdeathbyshowing“asignificantdecreaseindeathassociatedwithhotredchilipepperconsu

mption”.However,ChopanandLittenbergnotethattheearlierstudywasonlyconductedinChineseadults,sothenewresearchma

kesthesefindingsmorecredible．【解题导语】一项新的研究发现，食用红辣椒之类的辛辣食物可能会降低死亡风险，延长人类的寿命。1．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Thestudy

onlygoesforAmericanpeople.B．Redchilipepperscancureall－causediseases.C．Thecompoundprotectspeopleagainstobesi

ty.D．Onionconsumingcanreducedeathrisk.C解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，尽管研究人员还不清楚到底是哪种具体的化合物能够延长寿命，但是研究团队认为可能是一种对防治肥胖症有效的化合物。由此可

以推断，这种物质能够控制肥胖。故选C项。2．Whatisthefindingofthenewresearchmainlyabout?A．Hotredchilipepperloversdevelopnocancers.

B．Hotredchilipeppershelpcontrolbreastillness.C．Hotredchilipeppersdecreaseheartdisease.D．Hotredchilipepp

erintakemayincreaselifespan.D解析：推理判断题。文章在第一段就提出了研究发现食用辛辣食物如红辣椒能延长寿命，在下文中用具体的数据和例子来支持这一观点。由此可知，这个新发现主要是关于红辣椒的食用可能会延长寿命。故选D项。3．Whichofthefol

lowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“credible”？A．Convincing.B．Practical.C．Encouraging.D．Attractive.A解析：词义猜测题。

文章第二段和第三段的数据和事例是在美国进行的研究，画线词所在句则提到，以前的研究只是在中国成年人中进行的，那么现在的研究结果使得这项新发现更加令人信服了。convincing意为“使人信服的”；practical意为“切实可行的”；encouraging意为“令人鼓舞

的”；attractive意为“有吸引力的”。故选A项。B(2018·西宁检测)Ifyouchooseonlytocomplainandescapefromamisfortune,itwillalwaysfo

llowyouwhereveryougo.Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.Inan

accident，aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfatherwhowasthemainsourceofsupportforthefamily.Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Forth

esakeoftakingcareofhim,hisyoungerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.Exceptforwritingwithhistoes,hewascompletelyunabletodoan

ythinginhislife.Asthetwobrothersgrewuptogether,theyhadtheirshareofproblemsandtheywouldoftenquarrel.Thenoneday,hisyoungerbrotherwantedtoleave,livin

ghisownlife,asmanynormalpeopledo.Sohewasheart－brokenanddidn’tknowwhattodo.Asimilarmisfortunebefellagirl,too.One

night,hermotherwhosufferedfromchronicmentalillnessdisappeared.Herfatherwentouttolookforhermother,leavingheraloneathome.Shetriedtopreparemea

lsforherparents,onlytooverturnthekerosenelightonthestove,resultinginafirewhichtookherhandsaway.Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercityshowedh

erwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschool,shealwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelea

rnedtobeself－reliant.Oneday,theboyandthegirlwerebothinvitedtoappearonatelevisioninterviewprogram.Theboytoldthe

TVhostabouthisuncertainfutureatbeingleftonhisown,whereasthegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife.Theybothwereaskedtowritesom

ethingonapieceofpaperwiththeirtoes.Theboywrote:Myyoungerbrother’sarmsaremyarms;whilethegirlwrote:Brokenwings,flyinghear

t.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。4．Whatattitudeshouldwetaketowardsamisfortuneintheauthor’sopinion?A．Tryingtofindanes

capefromit.B．Facingitbravelywithapositivemind.C．Askingforhelpfromyourrelatives.D．Ignoringitandlivinganorm

allife.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobefortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。5．Aftert

heaccident,theboy____________．A．decidedtolivewithhisbrotherB．learnttodothingswithhistoesC．madealivingallbyhimselfD．dependedwhollyonhisbrother

D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。6．

WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofthegirl?A．Shelosthermotherinanaccident.B．Hersistertookgoodcareofher.C．Shewasoptimisticandfullofcou

rage.D．Sheledapoorlifewithherfather.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力

学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故C项正确。7．Whatdidthegirlmeanby“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”？A．Nevergiveuphopesinfaceofhardsh

ip.B．It’snoteasyforhertoliveanormallife.C．Ifabirdlosesitswings,itcannotfly.D．Ifyouloseyourhands,your

lifewillbehard.A解析：句意理解题。“Brokenwings,flyingheart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双翼，心仍飞翔。”；结合最后一段第二句中的“thegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活

，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望”，故A项正确。C(2018·广州高考模拟)Asachild，visitingthezoowasmoreapunishmentthanatreat.Ididn

’tfindthechimps’teapartiesfunny，northebirdshowsentertaining.Feedingtimeforsealswaslesspainful，buttheirperformancesstillseemedliketheybel

ongedmoreinacircus.AndIhatedcircuses，especiallytheanimalacts—menteasinglions，girlsbalancingonelephantsandmonkeysp

layingfootball.Iknewthateverytrickacircusanimaldidwasunnatural，achievedthroughstricttrainingandquitepossiblycruelty.Happily，duringmylifetimep

ublicattitudesandthelawhavechanged.Circusesusingwildanimalsarenowalmostextinct，andzooshavedefinitelyevolved.Whenmychildrenwereyoung，Ioccasio

nallytookthemtoourlocalzoo.Theelephantswereintinycagesandthegorillaslookedboredastheysatpeelingbananasandstaringatteasingvisitors.Eachcagehadasignw

hichlistedtheanimal’snameandwhereitcamefrom.But，backthen，therewaslittleinformationincludedabouttheenvironmentalchallengestheyf

aced.Asaresult，environmentalistsandanimalloversoftenopposezoos.“Animalsbelonginthewild”isacommonandunderstandablecompl

aint.Butwhatdotheanimalsthemselvesprefer?Generallyspeaking，zooanimalshavealongerlife.But—youmayprotest—theyarenot

free.What?Freetobehuntedandkilled，freetodieofhungerorthirst?Maybesittinginacageeatingbananasisn’tsobad.Notthatsuchconditionsarea

cceptableinmodernzoos，duetotheworkofBIAZA，theBritishandIrishAssociationofZoosandAquariums.ThesedayseveryzoorequiresBIAZA’sapprovalt

ooperate，andtheassociationsetsthestandards，observesconditionsinzoosanddevelopsanimal­researchprogrammes，bothintheU

Kandabroad.BIAZAalsoorganisestheanimalexchangesbetweenzoosallovertheworld.Consequently，today，mostzooanimalsarebornandraisedinzoos，l

iveinlarge，comfortableenclosuresandarecaredforbywell­trained，knowledgeableandcaringzooemployees.Ofcourseit’snosubstituteforlivinginthewildbutunfo

rtunatelythisisn’talwayspossible.Meanwhile，whynotvisityourlocalzooanddecideforyourself?【解题导语】本文主要讲述了现代的动物园是如何得到

改善的。8．Thepassageismainlyabout________．A．howzooshaveimprovedB．whetherazooshouldbecloseddownC．anewenvironmentalorganisationD．thedifferencebetwe

enzoosandcircusesA解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了现代的动物园是如何得到改善的。9．FromParagraph2，wecanguessthatthewriterbelievescir

cusanimals________．A．hadmuchshorterlivesthanthoseinthewildB．werenottreatedwellbytheirtrainersC．shouldhavebeenplacedinzoosD．wereno

tasintelligentasthoseinzoosB解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“Iknewthateverytrickacircusanimaldidwasunnatural，achievedthroughstricttrainingandquitep

ossiblycruelty.”可推知，马戏团的动物有可能被驯兽师们虐待。10．WhichofthefollowingrolesareperformedbyBIAZA?A．Organisinganimalstudyprojectsandtrainingzooworkers.B．Checkingzo

oconditionsandarranginganimalexchanges.C．Designingzoosandapprovingzoooperations.D．Caringforillanimalsand

settingzoostandards.B解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“ThesedayseveryzoorequiresBIAZA’sapprovaltooperate，andtheassociati

onsetsthestandards，observesconditionsinzoosanddevelopsanimal­researchprogrammes，bothintheUKandabroad.BIAZAalsoorganisestheanimale

xchangesbetweenzoosallovertheworld.”可知，BIAZA会检查动物园的情况，安排动物交换等活动。11．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutzooswouldthewriteragreewith?A．Zooanimalsshoul

dbefreedintothewild.B．Zoosaremorepopularnowthaninthepast.C．Zooanimalsaremorerestrictedthaninthepast.D．Zoosnowprovideca

ringlivingconditionsforanimals.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Consequently，today，mostzooanimalsarebornandraisedinzoos，liveinlarge，comforta

bleenclosuresandarecaredforbywell­trained，knowledgeableandcaringzooemployees.”可知，作者认为现在的动物园给动物们提供了舒适和充满关爱的环境。D(2018·云南高三11校跨区调研)Ifourkidsdon’tfal

l,theydon’tlearntogetup.Istillrememberthedayinhighschoolthatmymomforgottopickmeupfromschool.I’mtheoldestof

fourchildren,andnodoubtshe’dhadalongdaywiththeotherkidsandit’dslippedhermind.Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,

Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottomyhouse,Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger,stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgotten

me.Laterthatnight,mydadtoldmeInolongerhadaridetoschoolthenextday.Ifiguredmymomwouldstilltakeme,butwhenthemorningcame,sherefused.Itwasmidterm,an

dasastraight­Astudentreadytostartcollegeapplications,beinglatewasn’tanoption.Inmymind,missingthesetestswouldhavebeent

heendofmyacademiccareer.Ibeggedmymom.ItoldhershewasruiningmyfutureandeverythingI’dworkedfor.Butsheheld__

her__ground,__andthatday,Iwalkedtoschool.AndImissedmytests.Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.Sheletmesufferfromit.Shelet

mefigureitout.Sheletmelearn.Now,asamommyself,I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailurei

showwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.It’showweself­educatetolearnwhat’srightandrespectable,andwhat’snot.It’showwebecomeresponsibleandenthusia

stic.Fallingdownmakesusbetter,becausewelearnhowtogetup.【解题导语】本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。12．Whydidtheauthorshoutather

mother?A．Becauseshewastiredafterwalkinghome.B．Becauseshemissedsomeimportanttests.C．Becausehermotherhadruinedherfuture.D．Bec

ausehermotherdidn’tpickheruphome.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottomyhouse,Ishutourfrontdo

orwithanger,stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgottenme.”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对

妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气，故选D。13．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherexperiencenow?A．Disappointed.B．Merciful.C．Beneficial.D．Embarrassed.C解析：细节理

解题。根据第三段中的“Now,asamommyself,I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.”说明作者现在认为她之前的

经历对她是有益的(Beneficial)。14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“heldherground”inParagraph2mean?A．Stucktoherdecision.B．Gaveintome.C．Saidyestome.D．Stayedin

theplace.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Butsheheld__her__ground,__andthatday,Iwalkedtoschool.”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。15．Whatistheb

esttitleforthetext?A．OfferYourKidsHelpIfNecessaryB．StopRescuingYourKidsfromFailureC．BeResponsibleforYourKids’Fai

lureD．TrytoMeetYourKids’DemandsB解析：标题归纳题。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.”及“Iwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefai

lureishowwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves”可知，B项最适合作文章标题。Ⅱ七选五(2018·潍坊模拟)TipsforTeachingKidsResponsibilityYourbestfriendhasateenagerwhohelpsw

ithhouseworkwithoutbeingasked.Yourcousinhasaone­year­oldchildthatputsherbottleinthesinkwhenshefinishesthemilk,butnorem

indersareneeded.1.________Raisinghelpful,goodkidswhoknowhowtomakeasandwichisnotafantasy!Thefollowingtipscangiveyouabetterchanceofra

isingaresponsiblechildwhothengrowsintoaresponsibleadult.2．________Youcan’tsuddenlyspringresponsibilityonateenagerandexpecthewillknowhowtofol

lowthrough.Heneedstimetopracticeandtotallyunderstandwhatresponsibilitymeans.Letkidshelpyou.Don’tcomplainwhenit’stimetodohousework.Smileandinvitey

oursontohelp.3.________Hewilltakethesegoodfeelingsandlearntotakeownershipofhishomeandfeelprideinkeepingitup.4．________Makeresponsibilitiesage-approp

riate.Youcanshowhowtocompletesmalltasksindailylifeandperformthematachild’sskilllevel.Forexample,ifyourkidwantsasn

ack,showhimwheretheapplesareandhowtowashoneoff.Teachyourchildconsequences.Learningtotakecareofhisthingsalsohelpsachilddevelopasenseofrespon

sibilityforhisactions.Getyoursontocleanupafteranartproject,andinformhimthathewon’tbeabletoplaywithhiscr

ayonsthenextdayifheleavesamessytable.5.________Themoreyoucarryouttherules,themorelikelyheistocleanupwithou

tbeingasked.A．Haveasenseofresponsibility.B．Whydotheymakeasandwichforkids?C．Showkidshowtoperformresponsi

bility.D．Wheredothesewonderfulchildrencomefrom?E．Teachingresponsibilitytokidsneedstostartearly.F．Whenyourchildisinvit

edtoparticipate,hefeelsvalued.G．Thentakeawayhissuppliesifhedoesnottakehisresponsibility.【解题导语】文章主要对如何让自己的孩子变得有责任感给出几点提示。1．D解析：根据

上文可知，你最好朋友的孩子不用告诉就知道做家务；你堂兄一岁的孩子知道喝完奶之后把奶瓶放在水槽里。下文接下来叙述的是几条能够帮助你的孩子有责任感的小建议。D项“那么这些完美的孩子都是从哪来的呢”紧密联系上下文，符合题意。故D项正确。2．E解析：根据本段的内容可知，青少年不会突然就表现得有责

任感，也不要期待他自己会学会。他需要一个练习的过程才能完全知道责任的含义。E项“需要早点开始教会孩子有责任感”能够概括整段内容，适合作为这一段的主旨句，符合题意。故E项正确。3．F解析：根据本段第一句“Letkidshelpyou.”可知，本段的主题是“让孩子来帮

助你”。F项“当你的孩子被邀请加入帮忙的时候，他会觉得自己有价值”与主题紧密联系，符合题意。故F项正确。4．C解析：根据下文可知，你可以以孩子的技能水平向他们展示如何在日常生活中完成小任务。例如，如果你的孩子想要零食，那么就先告诉他苹果放在哪里并且怎样洗苹果。C项“教会孩子如何

表现得有责任感”能概括本段内容，适合作为这一段的主旨句，符合题意。故C项正确。5．G解析：本段主要讲的是教会你的孩子不管做什么事情都要想到后果，并且上文举了一个例子，即告诉你的孩子如果他把桌子弄得凌乱而不去整理，那么第二天他就不能再玩他

的蜡笔。G项“如果他没有履行他的责任，那么就拿走他的东西”是对该事例的一个总结，符合题意。故G项正确。课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·长沙高中毕业生供题)Everymorning,onmywaytowork,Iseehomelesspeoplesleepingonsidewalks.C

learly,they’reinneedof__1__.Ifeelita(n)__2__toseethis,andmostpeoplewalkby，__3__thehomelessdon’texist,anddon’tofferan

yhelpatall,notevena__4__.Recently,it’sbeenextremelycold,makingthingsespecially__5__forthehomeless.UsuallyIarriveatworkaround8a．m.,whenthehome

lessarestillasleep.I’mnotsurewhetherit’sagood__6__toleavesomethingforthemwhilethey’re__7__，asitmaygetstolenortheymaynoteven__8__it.Today,I__9_

_someone,whoseemedtobehomeless,sittingonthesidewalk,awake.Ihadsometime__10__Iwasduetostartwork,soIdashedacros

sthestreettoaskifIcouldgetanythingforhimtodrinkoreat.Hewantedacola,soIwentandgotthisforhim__11__abanana

.Igavehimthedrinkandbanana,thenwentbacktomyofficeacrossthestreet,andwentupstairstogetthebagIrecently__12__withever

ydayitems.I’dbeenplanningtogiveittosomeoneinneed,sothiswasagreat__13__.Ihurriedbacktogivethebagtothestranger,whowas__14__．Societymayfe

eluncomfortablewithhomelesspeople.__15__，wemustrememberthey’rejustlikeus.They’rejustdownontheir__16__fordifferentreasons.Ifwe__17__tothosein

need,ourheartswillgrowandwecan__18__makeourworldbetter.SingerPhilCollinssangasongtitledAnotherDayinParadise,which__1

9__ustobegratefulforthemanyblessingswehaveandnotto__20__thosewhoarelessfortunate.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者帮助无家可归的人的故事。1．A.balanceB．significance

C．performanceD．assistanceD解析：根据下文的“don’tofferanyhelpatall”可知，这些无家可归的人需要帮助。assistance意为“帮助”。故选D。2．A.dutyB．regr

etC．advanceD．equalityB解析：根据下文作者帮助无家可归的人可推知，作者同情这些无家可归的人，看到他们睡在大街上感到很是遗憾。故选B。3．A.imaginingB．expectingC．pretendingD．announcingC

解析：根据“anddon’tofferanyhelpatall”并结合上文的“Ifeelita(n)______toseethis”可推知，大部分的路人对无家可归的人漠不关心，视而不见，即假装(pretending)没看到。4．A.wordB．hugC．pityD．giftA解析：根据“even

”可推知，大部分人不仅不提供帮助，甚至连一句问候都没有。5．A.absurdB．boringC．complexD．toughD解析：根据空前的“it’sbeenextremelycold”并结合语境可推知

，天气特别寒冷，无家可归的人的日子更加艰难(tough)。6．A.ideaB．excuseC．lessonD．reasonA解析：结合语境可知，作者不确定自己的那种做法是否是好主意(idea)。7．A.relaxedB．a

bsent－mindedC．unawareD．dizzyC解析：承接上文的“UsuallyIarriveatworkaround8a．m.,whenthehomelessarestillasleep.”可推知，无家可归的人在作者早上开始上班时还都在睡觉，是不会觉

察到的(unaware)。8．A.knowB．wantC．shareD．affordB解析：根据“even”的提示并结合上文作者的犹豫可推知，作者不确定自己对他们的帮助是否正是无家可归的人所需要的。9．A.spottedB．approachedC．recognizedD．in

terviewedA解析：根据语境可推知，作者在人行道上发现了一个醒着的无家可归的人。spot表示“发现”，符合语境。10．A.whenB．sinceC．beforeD．unlessC解析：根据语境可知，作者离上班还有些时间，所以选C。11．A

.insteadofB．exceptforC．regardlessofD．alongwithD解析：根据语境以及下文的“Igavehimthedrinkandbanana”可推知，作者顺便还给这个人带了香蕉。alongw

ith表示“除„„以外(还)”。12．A.replacedB．packedC．decoratedD．combinedB解析：根据空后的“witheverydayitems”可知，作者包里装着每天的必需品。packwithsth.表示“装着

某物”。13．A.trialB．honorC．opportunityD．rewardC解析：根据语境可知，作者认为这是一个极好的帮助无家可归的人的机会。14．A.gratefulB．carefulC．hopeful

D．skillfulA解析：根据语境可推知，把自己的东西馈赠给他人，别人是感恩的(grateful)。15．A.BesidesB．ThereforeC．MeanwhileD．HoweverD解析：根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。

16．A.effortB．luckC．appearanceD．reputationB解析：根据语境可推知，那些无家可归的人只是由于某种原因一时穷困潦倒而已，downonone’sluck表示“穷困潦倒”。17．A.lookoutB．bre

akoutC．reachoutD．turnoutC解析：根据语境可知，如果我们愿意帮助他们，世界会变得更美好。reachouttosb.表示“愿意为某人提供帮助”。18．A.trulyB．properlyC．delibe

ratelyD．approximatelyA解析：根据语境可知，帮助他人的确会让我们的世界变得更美好。truly“的确，真实地”；properly“恰当地”；deliberately“故意地”；approximately“大约”。19．A.i

ntendsB．remindsC．promisesD．persuadesB解析：PhilCollins的歌提醒我们要感恩。remindsb.todosth.意为“提醒某人做某事”符合语境。20．A.trickB．blameC．doubtD．forgetD解析：根据

语境可推知，人们不要忘记那些不幸的人。Ⅱ语法填空JiuzhaigouValley,ChinaLocatedinSichuanProvince,theJiuzhaigouNatureReserve,orJiuzhaigouValley,shouldbeonyou

rtravelradarforitspicturesquebeautyoflushforests,1.____________(impress)waterfallsandglisteninglakes.AsChinaendeavorsto

ward2.____________(cut)itscarbonemissionsby2020,however,Jiuzhaigouisalsoapioneerforbiodiversityconservationandenvironmental3.____

________(aware)inChinabyadvocatingeco－tourism.ListedbyUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSitein1992andaWorldBiosphereReservein1997,theareaishome

tomany4.____________(endanger)plantandanimalspecies,includingthebelovedGiantPanda.Toexplorethemountainous5.____________(sur

rounding)andawayfromthecrowds,ZharuValley,6.____________particular,isthedesignatedeco－tourismzonewithinthenationalpark.Visitorsarerestricted

innumberwithaccessonlyviaguidedhikingtotheundisturbedsurroundingsandfurthermore,into7.____________ofthenineTibetanvillages8.____________occupythe

region.WithChina’scarbonreductioneffortsinfulleffectandJiuzhaigoufirstinlinetosupportagreenerfuture,theareacan9.____________(confident)loo

kforwardtowelcomingmanymoregenerationsofvisitors10.____________(come)．【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名风景区——四川的九寨沟。1．impr

essive解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词的词为形容词，故用形容词impressive修饰名词“waterfalls”，符合语境，指令人印象深刻的瀑布。2．cutting解析：考查动名词用法。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词cutt

ing作介词toward的宾语。3．awareness解析：考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，故environmental修饰名词awareness，符合语境。4．endangered解析：考查非谓语动词。endanger和句子谓语“is”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其

逻辑主语“plant”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，指濒危植物和动物物种。5．surroundings解析：考查名词用法。surrounding用复数形式作名词，表示环境，被形容词mountainous修饰，符合语境。6．in解析：考查固定搭

配。固定搭配inparticular相当于particularly，意为“尤其”，符合语境。故用介词in。7．one解析：考查代词用法。与语境“nine”呼应可知，此处表示其中之一的概念，表示泛指，与介词of

呼应。8．that/which解析：考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词villages，符合语境。9．confidently解析：考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、副词或形容词，也可修饰整个句子，作状

语。此处用副词confidently修饰动词短语“lookforwardto”，符合语境。10．tocome解析：考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表示将来的概念，作后置定语，和句子谓语“lookforwardto

”之间没有连词。课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018·重庆重点中学协作体适应性考试)TheM

id-AutumnFestivalinChinahasnothing,oratleastverylittle,todo61.____________autumn.It’sabouttimeoffwork,andthegiftthatfewseemto

eatbutpeoplekeepgivingtooneanother:mooncakes.I62.____________(learn)aboutmooncakeswhenImovedtoChina’scapitalc

ity,Beijing.WhentheMid­AutumnFestivalcamearound,thecitywas63.____________(live)especiallywithshoppingformooncakes.Everygroceryst

oreseemedtohavelinesofpeople64.____________(carry)thatsingleitem(商品)tothecounter.IaskedmyChinesefriendsaboutmooncakes,and65.____________majo

rityofthemsaidthatfewpeopleactuallyatethem.Instead，66.____________(regard)asgifts,they’rechosenforfamily,friendsorco­workers.WhenyearslaterI

movedbacktoNewYorkCity,Ididn’texpecttofindanypublic67.____________(celebrate)oftheMid-AutumnFestival.ButI’vebeensurprisedatt

hewaysthefestivalcontinuesinatleastthecity’s68.____________(heavy)Chineseneighborhoods.ForweeksbeforetheMid-AutumnFestiva

l,Brooklyn’sChinatown，69.____________Ilive,looksalittlelikeBeijingwithpeoplerunninginandoutofChinesebakeries,orstand

inginlineatChinesegrocerystorestobuymooncakes.ItlookslikeChineseculturecan70.____________(preserve)while

adaptingtochangingcircumstances.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在北京居住时，发现中秋节前，尽管很少吃月饼，但人们仍喜欢买月饼送人。回到纽约后，作者发现纽约的中国人也这样做。作者由此发

出感慨：似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。61．with解析：考查介词。中国的中秋节和秋天没有或者说几乎没有一点关系。它是关于休息和似乎很少人吃但是人们仍然互相赠送的礼物“月饼”的。havenothing/somethingtodowith...“和„„无关/有关”，是

固定搭配。62．learned/learnt解析：考查动词的时态。当我搬到中国的首都北京时，我了解了关于月饼的一些情况。主从句的动作几乎是同时发生的，从句用了一般过去时，故主句也用一般过去时。63．lively解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，且意为“

气氛热闹的，熙熙攘攘的”，故用形容词lively。64．carrying解析：考查非谓语动词。每个杂货店似乎都排着队伍，队伍中满是拿着月饼向柜台走去的人。分析句子结构可知，people后是非谓语动词作定语，people与carry之间是主谓关系，且此处表示动作正在进行，故用现在分

词作定语。65．the解析：考查冠词。themajorityof是固定搭配，意为“„„中的大多数”，故填the。66．regarded解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，__________asgifts作状语，根据固定搭配beregarded

as“被视为„„”和they(指代mooncakes)与regard之间的动宾关系可知，此处应该用过去分词作状语。67．celebration(s)解析：考查名词。根据空前的anypublic和空后的of可知，空处应该填名词celeb

ration(s)“庆祝活动”。68．heavily解析：考查副词。此处表示“至少在这个城市有大量中国人的社区”。空处修饰形容词Chinese，且表示“大量地，在很大程度上”，故用副词heavily。69．where解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Brook

lyn’sChinatown，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where。70．bepreserved解析：考查动词的语态。似乎中国文化在适应变化中的环境时能被保存下来。preserve“保存，保留”，是及物动词，故此处用被动语态。第四部

分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的

增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2018·西宁检测一)Myfavoritesportisplayingbasketball.Inthemiddleschool,Ijoinedinthebasketballteam.Alltheteammatepractisedhardafterschool.O

nceourteamhadmatchagainstanotherschool’s.Attheverybeginning，weweresonervouswhichwecouldn’tcooperateverygood.Becausethiswasthef

irsttimeforustocompetewiththeschoolhonor.Inthehalfmatchtheyfellbehind.Ourteamleadercallsustogetherandsaidthatwemustgetunitinginordertobeatthem.Then

wetriedourbestandwonthegameatlast.Playbasketballmakesmerealizetheimportanceofunionandteamwork.答案：Myfavoritesportispl

ayingbasketball.Inthemiddleschool,Ijoinedin＼thebasketballteam.Alltheteammateteammatespractisedhardafterschool.Onceour

teamhad∧amatchagainstanotherschool’s.Attheverybeginning，weweresonervouswhichthatwecouldn’tcooperateverygoodwell.Becausethiswas

thefirsttimeforustocompetewithfortheschoolhonor.Inthehalfmatchtheywefellbehind.Ourteamleadercallscalledustogetherandsaidthatwemustg

etunitingunitedinordertobeatthem.Thenwetriedourbestandwonthegameatlast.PlayPlayingbasketballmakesmerealizet

heimportanceofunionandteamwork.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·陕西部分学校摸底检测)假如你是李华，你计划暑假与父母乘飞机去纽约进行为期两周的旅游。请你给你在纽约的笔友Tom写一封电子邮件，请求他帮助你解决以下问题：1．推荐一家旅馆(周边环境、设施)；2．推荐

旅游线路；3．询问是否可以接机。注意：1．词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearTom，Iwilltakeatwo­weektriptoNewYorkbyplanewithmyparentsinthesummerholiday.

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________________________I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：Dear__Tom，I__will__take__a__two­week__

trip__to__New__York__by__plane__with__my__parents__in__the__summer__holiday.I’mwritingtoaskyouforfavors.We’dlikeyouto

recommendahoteltousnearthesubwayinordertogetaroundNewYorkmoreeasily.Andthehotelwithaprivatekitchenisbetterbecausewewanttocookmealsbyo

urselves.Inaddition,pleaserecommendareasonabletourroutesothatwecansavealotoftime.IknowyouhavebeentomanyplacesofinterestinNewYork.Moreimpor

tantly,Iwonderwhetheryoucanpickusupattheairportbecausewearen’tfamiliarwithNewYork.We’dappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldhelpus.

I’m__looking__forward__to__your__early__reply.Yours，Li__Hua