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一、选择题1．（燕山地区一模）实数a，b在数轴上对应的点的位置如图所示,则正确的结论是A．0baB．2aC．bD．0ba答案：D2．（市怀柔区初二期末）下列运算结果正确的是A．9)9(2

B．2(2)2C．623D．525答案：B3．（市门头沟区八年级期末）9的平方根是A．3B．3C．3D．81答案：B4．（市石景山区初二期末）估计13的值在A．1和2之间B．2和3之间C．3和4之间D．4和5之间答案：C5.（延庆区八年级

第一学区期末）下列变形中，正确的是A.(23)2＝2×3＝6B.2)52(＝－52C.169＝169D.)4()9(＝49答案：D6．（市顺义区八年级期末）下列运算错误的是A.236B.623C.235D.2(2)2答案：C7.（怀柔区初一第一学期期末）4．观察

算式28)25(71)4(，在解题过程中，能使运算变得简便的运算律是A.乘法交换律B.乘法结合律C.乘法交换律、结合律D.乘法对加法的分配律答案C8.（平谷区初一第一学期期末）下列算式中，运算结果为负数

的是（）A.(2)ba-5-4-3-2-15432102题图B.2C.3(2)D.2(2)答案C9.（石景山区初一第一学期期末）2．计算11001010，结果正确的是A．100B．10

0C．1D．1答案：D10.（平谷区初一第一学期期末）计算221=答案：41二、填空题11.（平谷区初一第一学期期末）10.小丽家冰箱冷冻室温度为-5℃，调高4℃后的温度为___________.答案：-1℃12.（平谷区初一第一学期期末）13.已知02)1(2yx，则y

x的值为答案：113.（怀柔区初一第一学期期末）16.学习了有理数的运算后，老师出了一道题：计算-5-3的值，小罗同学是这样做的：-5-3=-5+（-3）=-8，他的理由是：减去一个数等于加上这个数的相反数.聪明的你还有什么方法计算此题？请写出你的计算过程：，你这样计算的理

由是：.答案：-5-3=-（5+3）=-8（1）添上前面带有“-”号的括号时，括号内各数的符号都要改变.（2）同号的两数相加，符号不变，并把两个加数的绝对值相加.(答案不唯一)14.（海淀区七年级第一学期期末）16.规定图形b

ca表示运算abc,图形zywx表示运算xzyw.则132+4576=________________（直接写出答案）.答案：8;15、（延庆区初一第一学期期末）16．按下面的程序计算：NoYes>149计算4x-2的值输入

x输出结果如果输入x的值是正整数，输出结果是150，那么满足条件的x的值有个．答案：316.（市大兴区检测）计算：013118272.答案32217、（大兴第一学期期末）10.计算：2sin60°－tan45

°＋4cos30°=__________．答案：33-118.(朝阳区七年级第一学期期末)11．计算11512________.436答案：919.（昌平区初二年级期末）计算123=

.答案：3320.（市丰台区初二期末）计算2(5)的结果是．答案：521.（市丰台区初二期末）一个正方形的面积是10cm2，那么这个正方形的边长约是cm．（结果保留一位小数）答案：3.222.（市怀柔区初二期末）-4没有平方根的理由是.答案：因为任何一个实数的

平方都是一个非负数（或任何一个实数的平方都不等于-4）23.．（市怀柔区初二期末）比7大且比10小的整数是____________．答案：324．（市石景山区初二期末）写出两个无理数，使得它们的和为有理数，则这两个无理数可以为①_______________；②_______________．

解：31；23（答案不唯一）25.（市平谷区初二期末）计算32yx=___________解：338yx26、（市顺义区八年级期末）计算：2(32)=.答案：52627、．（市顺义区八年级期末）若实数xy

，满足350xy，则代数式2xy的值是.答案：1528.（延庆区八年级第一学区期末）小明编写了一个如下程序：输入x→2x→立方根→倒数→算术平方根→21，则x为.答案：±8三、解答题29.(昌平区初一第一学期期末)计算：-3-2+（-4）-（-1）.答案：解:原式=-3-2-4+1„„

„„„„„„„„2分=-5-4+1„„„„„„„„„„3分=-9+1„„„„„„„„„„4分=-8.„„„„„„„„„„5分30.(昌平区初一第一学期期末)18.计算：(-3)×6÷（-2）×12.答案：解：原式

=11822（）„„„„„„„„„„2分=192„„„„„„„„„„4分=92.„„„„„„„„„„5分31.(昌平区初一第一学期期末)19.计算：153(24)368．答案：解：原式=153242424368„

„„„„„„„„„1分=8–20+9„„„„„„„„„„4分=-3.„„„„„„„„„„5分32.(昌平区初一第一学期期末)计算：213(12)6(1)2．答案：解：原式=19+12+62„„„„„„„„„„3分=-9-6+6„„

„„„„„„„„4分=-9.„„„„„„„„„„5分33.(朝阳区七年级第一学期期末)计算：41230(5).答案：解：原式1(2)(6)268.34.（东城区初一第一学期期末）计算题：（1）10﹣（﹣5）+（

﹣9）+6；（2）﹣14﹣5×[2﹣（﹣3）2]；（3）626172+--+-5353（）（）（）．答案：（1）10﹣（﹣5）+（﹣9）+6．解：原式=10+5﹣9+6………2分=12.………3分（2）﹣14﹣5×[2﹣（﹣3）2].解：原式=﹣1﹣5×（2﹣9）………2分=﹣

1+35=34．………3分（3）626172+--+-5353（）（）（）．解：原式=6217-2+533………1分=-2-6………2分＝-8．………3分35.（丰台区初一第一学期期末）计算：376．答案：解：原式=6–7–3

……2分=–4.……3分36.（丰台区初一第一学期期末）20.计算：32652118．答案．解：原式=–9+15–12……3分=–6.……4分37.（丰台区初一第一学期期末）21.计算：4832116

．答案．解：原式=483216……2分=12–4……3分=8．……4分38.（丰台区初一第一学期期末）22.计算：23234332．答案．解：原式=22789

43……2分=23843……3分=3243=21．……4分39.（海淀区七年级第一学期期末）19．计算：（1）21862;（2）411293

.答案．解：（1）21862436…………………………………..2分40…………………………………..3分（2）411293169…………………………………..2分594………………………

…………..3分40.（怀柔区初一第一学期期末）17.计算：13(15)(23).答案.解：原式=13-15+23„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分=21„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分41.（怀柔区初一第一学期期末）18.计算：5

33()(1)64.答案.解：原式=54()27„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分=107„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分42.（怀柔区初一第一学期期末）计算：23133(2)4.答案解：原式=19384（）=32„„„„„„„„„„„

„„„3分=-1„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分43.（怀柔区初一第一学期期末）计算：13116()64124.答案解：原式1316()46412„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1分13124()6412„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

„„2分4182„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分12„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分44.（门头沟区七年级第一学期期末）计算：（1）482；（2）1361242

．答案：（1）4+8+2；解：原式=482„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1分=122=14.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2分（

2）136+1242；解：原式=32„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2分=5„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分45.（门头沟区七年级第一学期期末）

19．计算：（1）231243412；（2）2442313．答案：（1）231243412；解：原式=16+18+2„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

„„„„3分=4„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分（2）2442313．解：原式=1641„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分=165

„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分=16+5=11„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分46.（平谷区初一第一学期期末）17．计算：)()(1712129175答案解：)()(1712129175171212917

5„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2=1-9-12„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3=1-21„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4=-20„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

„„„„„„„547.（平谷区初一第一学期期末）18.计算：8)41()2(163答案解：8)41()2(163=8)41()8(16„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2=)2()8(16„„

„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3=-2-2„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4=-4„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„548.（平谷区初一第一学期期末）计算：)24()872161

(．答案解：)24()872161(=)24(87)24(21)24(61„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3=-4-12+21„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

4=5„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„549.（石景山区初一第一学期期末）2018328(1)()3．答案：解：原式183(8)„„„„„„„„3分3．„„„„„„„„„„5分50.（石景山区初一第一学期期末）2

5133()(12)634．答案．解：原式5139[(12)(12)(12)]634„„„„„„„„„3分9(1049)„„„„„„„„„„4分6．„„„„„„„„„„5分51.（石景山区初一

第一学期期末）直接写出计算结果：（1）27；（2）13()12；（3）11(1)362；（4）(2018)(326).答案：（1）5；（2）14；（3）2；（4）0．52.（顺义区初一第一学期期末）21．17(33)10(16)答

案：解：原式17331016„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2分6016„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分44„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分53.（顺义区

初一第一学期期末）22．76()(3.2)()437答案：解：原式2(3.2)4„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分6.44„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分10.4„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

„„„„„5分54.（顺义区初一第一学期期末）23．1515156()14()9()171717．解：原式15()(6149)17„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2分15()(1)17„

„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分1517„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分55.（顺义区初一第一学期期末）24．2217(3)(27)6(3)(2)()23

解：原式579(27)6(9)()()23„„„„„„„„„„„1分1257()()3323„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

„2分157()333„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分1233„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分123313„„„„„„„„„„„„

„„„„„„„„„„„5分56.（西城区七年级第一学期期末）19．(21)(9)(8)(12)答案解：(21)(9)(8)(12)=-21+9-8+12..............................

.............................................................1分=-29+21..................................

...........................................................................3分=-8..........................................

.............................................................................4分57.（西城区七年级第一学期期末）20．311()()(2

)424答案．解：311()()(2)424319424.............................................................

..........................................2分314429............................................................................

............................3分164分58.（西城区七年级第一学期期末）21．31125(25)25()424解：31125(25)25()424=311252525424............

...................................................................1分=31125()424.....................................

........................................................2分=25................................................................................

...................................................4分59.（西城区七年级第一学期期末）3213(2)0.254[()]4028答案解：3213(2)0.254[()]4028=1380.254

()4048...............................................................................1分=180.254()408

...................................................................................2分=24840.................

...................................................................................3分=10........................................................

...........................................................4分60.（延庆区初一第一学期期末）17．计算：（1）7+（－28）－（－9）（2）23136()

3412（3）32128(2)4答案（1）解：7289原式………2分1628…………3分12…………4分（2）解：原式=2313636363412………………3分＝24273……………………………

4分＝48……………………………………5分（3）解：原式=18844………………2分=11………………………………4分=-2……………………………………5分61．（燕山地区一模）计算：．计算：4cos30°－12+0+||1－3答案：4cos30°－12+0+||1－

3=13132234=362．（顺义区初三练习）计算：013212sin452．答案：013212sin45212212132„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分1

3„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分63.（通州区一模）答案：64．（延庆区初三统一练习）计算：0113tan3013(2)()3．答案：原式=333+3-1+1-3……4分=23-3……5分65．（西城区九年级统一测试）计算：11184sin30

215．答案：1118()4sin3021513254(21)2„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分325221222．„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分6

6．（门头沟区初三综合练习）计算：201254sin603．答案：原式92123„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分823.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分67．（平谷区中考统一练习

）计算：1013132sin603.答案：1013132sin603=3313122······················

····················································4=1·····················································

···············································568．（海淀区第二学期练习）计算：11()123tan30|32|3．答案：原式=33233233„„„„„„4分=523.„„„„„„5分69.（怀柔区一模）计算

：102130tan3)3(31.答案：原式3311323…………………………………………………4分.…………………………………………………………………5分70．（丰台区一模）计算：082cos45(3π

)|12|．答案：082cos45(3π)|12|．=22221212……………………4分=22.……………………5分71．（市朝阳区一模）计算：10)31()10(30cos412．答案：解：原式=312

3432„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分=4．„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分72.（房山区一模）计算：2014sin30322（3）答案：

解：原式=1412342………………………………………………4分=73…………………………………………………………………………5分73．（石景山区初三毕业考试）计算：012sin455()1833°．答案：解：原式

=2251322„„„„„„4分422.74．（东城区一模）计算：2012sin60-π-2++1-33.3=2-1+9+3-1----------42=23+7------------------------517.解：原式分分75.（市朝阳区综合练习（一））

计算：2sin30°+.8)4()31(01答案：解：原式2213212„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分225.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分76.（年昌平区第一学期期末质量抽测）计算：2s

in30tan60cos60tan45．77.（东城第一学期期末）计算：2cos30-2sin45+3tan60+1-2.答案：32=2-2+33+2-1----------422=3-2+33+2-1=43-1------------------------5

17.解：原式分分78.（房山区第一学期检测）17.计算：3tan30cos60sin45.答案：79.（丰台区第一学期期末）17．计算：2cos30sin45tan60.答案：17.解：2cos30sin45tan

60=322322，……3分=2332……4分=22.……5分80.（年海淀区第一学期期末）17．计算：2sin30°2cos45°8．81.（怀柔区第一学期期末）17.计算：4sin45°-8+(

3-1)0+|-2|.答案：17.解:原式=4×22-22+1+2……………………………………………………4分=3………………………………………………………………………………………5分82.（门头沟区第一学期期末调研试卷）17．计算：201π+3122

sin602.解：原式3123242„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分33.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分83.（密云区初三（上）期末）17.计算：03tan302cos602cos45.答案：17.解：原式=312

3221322„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„.4分=2„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„.5分84.（平谷区第一学期期末）17．计算：112sin30832．答案：17．解：原式=1222232

..............................................................................4=622．....................

.....................................................................................585.（石景山区第一学期期末）17．计算：

60sin260cos145cos30tan32．答案：解：原式=232211)22(3332………………………………4分=32213=23．………………………………………………………………5分86.（顺义区初

三上学期期末）计算：2212sin458tan60．答案：18．计算：2212sin458tan60．22122232212223………………………………………………….4分（每项1分）2…………………

……………………………………………………….5分87.（通州区第一学期期末）计算：453046030tansintancos．答案：88.（西城区第一学期期末）17．计算：22sin30cos45

tan60．答案：89.（燕山地区第一学期初四年级期末）17．计算：3tan30°＋cos245°－2sin60°；答案：3tan30°＋cos245°－2sin60°；=232)22(3332………..3′=3213

……………..4′=21……………………..……..5′90.（昌平区二模）计算：06sin452318(223)°．答案．解：06sin452318(223)°332223+1„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

„„„„4分33．„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分91.（朝阳区二模）17.计算：011123tan30(2018)()2.答案：解：原式2133332„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分13.„„„„„

„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分92.（东城区二模）计算：332sin60+2+12.答案：3=3-2-8+23217.解：原式----------------------------------

-------------------------------4分=3-5--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5分93.（丰台区二模）计算：

203182sin60(1)2．答案．解：203182sin60(1)2．=322142……………………4分=73.……………………5分94.（海淀区二模）

计算：021184sin45(22)()2．答案.解：原式=2324142=23.95.（昌平区初二年级期末）计算：128182.=142322„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分=42232„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

„„„„„„4分=242.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分96．（市东城区初二期末）(5分)计算：101326()(21)2解：97．（市丰台区初二期末）计算：123331|31|．答案：98．（市

海淀区八年级期末）计算：（1）024920183；（2）22(1510)5xyxyxy．解：（1）原式=14319---------------------------------------------3分=19．-----------------

----------------------------------4分（2）原式=22151105xyxyxy------------------------------1分=5(12)5xyxyxy---------------------------------

-2分=32xy．---------------------------------------------4分99.（市怀柔区初二期末）计算：031283(32).解：原式=23231„„„„„„„4分=333„„„„„„„5分100.（市怀

柔区初二期末）计算：1(83)662.解：原式=433232„„„„„„„4分=43.„„„„„„„5分101．（市门头沟区八年级期末）计算：381232．解：原式22323„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分

433.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分102.（市平谷区初二期末）计算：)(2228解：)22(28222222103.（市平谷区初二期末）计算：302721201718．解：原式312123

„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4124„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5104．（市平谷区初二期末）计算：2132525.解：原式132325„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4327

„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5105．（市石景山区初二期末）计算：238272．解：原式2332⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯3分33⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯5分106．（市石景山区初二期末）计算：111826363

．解：原式362323⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯4分23523⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯5分107．（市顺义区八年级期末）（4分）15201025解：原式＝5255„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分（各1分）＝25„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4

分108.（市顺义区八年级期末）（5分）计算：5(515)(1523)(1523)解：原式＝553(1512)„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分（前2分后2分）＝853„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分109．（延庆

区八年级第一学区期末）计算：238)3(1230答案：解：原式=„„„„4分=„„„„5分110.（延庆区八年级第一学区期末）计算：11842(21)8答案：解：原式23242224

⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯4分3222222⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯5分101．（西城区二模）计算：06cos6027(π2)32．解：16331(23)2„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分333123223．„„„„„„„„„„

„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分