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专题09七选五之说明文PPPaaarrrttt111题题题型型型总总总览览览【题型综述】七选五篇章的单词总数约300，主文词数约240，七个选项词数约60；七个选项大多以句子的形式出现，内容都与篇章有关，一般为标题概括句、段落主题句、过

渡句和细节句。文章的体裁主要是说明文和议论文，结构明显，线索清晰。内容是学生较熟悉的学习或生活话题，难度适中。倾向于考查文章篇章结构、语境衔接、逻辑关系判断、段落大意归纳、关键信息词和关联词的锁定与衔接能力。七选五的说明文主要是释意性结果，

解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用比喻、类比阐述；分析事物的成因，有客观的、主观的，也有直接的、间接的。【技巧点拨】1.略读文章大意以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关

系的连接性词语(特别是however,but后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。2.阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看

上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。3.关注文中结构在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，也可通过观察语言结构将选择范围大大缩小。①标题结构，如果考查段落标题，先看看其他标题的语言形式，同一文章中的几个段落小标题基本上是同一语言形式。如果其他标

题是名词短语，该题答案也是名词短语；如果其他标题是祈使句，该题的答案也是祈使句；②句子结构如果正确选项只是某个句子的一个部分，就要看看空后这个部分是不是句子，如果是句子，看看是否有连词，如果没有连词，要选的正确选

项就应是短语或是带有连词的从句。序号内容Part1题型总览题型综述技巧点拨Part2真题感悟真题详解强重难词析长难句..Part3专题强化真题自测新题模拟PPPaaarrrttt222真真真题题题感感感悟悟悟Passage1【真题详解】

【2020·全国新课标I】AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36．He

re’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●37．Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingtha

teventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyy

ouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.38．Y

ouwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?＂

Thatdidn’tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.＂●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstre

ngthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39．●Nowthatyou’velistedyourstre

ngths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40．Tu

rntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A．Feelingupsetagain?B．Wheredoyoustart?C．Nothingistoosmallt

ocelebrate.D．Remember,youareonlyhuman.E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G.Whendoesthecomparisongames

tart?【答案】36．B37．F38．D39．C40．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。36．根据题目AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance及下文的Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B.Wheredoyoustart?(从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。37．根据下文Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeel

empoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他

们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和别人进行

比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。38．根据本文的中心句Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的Youwillmakemist

akes,timeandtimeagain.(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，选项D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。39．根据上文Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachie

vements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C.Nothingistoosmalltoc

elebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好，故选C项。40．结合上文Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyou

rself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日记本上记下你

的有点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可知，选项A.Feelingupsetagain?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。【强重难词】1.imperfectionsn.不完美；不合格

；缺陷2.accomplishmentsandachievements成就3.outofreach够不着；达不到4.ahandfulof一把；少量的；一小部分5.feelnot-good-enough感觉不够好6.feelunworthy

自愧不如【析长难句】1.Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?【解析】本句中的thateventually

youwillfeelempowered是宾语从句，becauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs是原因状语从句。【译文】你是否希望最终你会感到强大，因为你的生活比他们的更好?。【仿写】________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________2.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?【解

析】Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter在句中作状语；howyoucouldhavedonebetter为宾语从句；,whynot+动词原形是提建议的一种表达方式。。【译文】与其纠结自己如何可以做得更好，那为什么

不给自己一个具有同情心的回应呢？。【仿写】_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________Passage2【真题详解】【2020·全国新课标II】Emoji(表情符号)andWorkplaceCommuni

cationInAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.36．.It’sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsom

ewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.Writtencommunicationscanoftenreadascoldanddull.Usingemojiscanaddhumora

ndfeeling,keepingintentionclear.37．,encouragingbetterandmorefrequentcommunication.Inanygivenoffice,employe

escanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommunicationstylecanbeachallenge.38．.Whiletheyoungergenerationspreferto

communicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeellikealearningcurve(曲

线).Thegoodnewsisthatit’ssimpletolearnandcanbeworththeeffort.Thereisalsothematteroftone(语气).Whohasn’treceivedanemailso

annoyingthatitruinedanentireday?39．.Emojicanhelpcommunicationfeelfriendlier,andevenaseriousnotecanbesoftenedwithanencouragingsmi

le.40．,andemojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome.Andwhenyouremployeesbeginaddingsmilingemojistotheirbusinesscommu

nication,you’llknowyouhavesucceededinimprovingyourworkculture.A．MessagewithemojisfeelmoreconversationalB．Evenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendly

C．SendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrangeD．ThepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadinggloballyE.Givingemployees

thetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplaceG.Aneasywaytobr

ingallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatform【答案】36．D37．A38．G39．B40．F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。36．根据前句“InAsia,messagingplatfo

rmsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,bothatworkandplay.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It'sbeenreportedthat76perc

entofemployeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D.Thepopularityoftheseplatformsis

spreadingglobally.(这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。37．根据前句“Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling,keepingintentionclear

.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouragingbetterandmorefrequentcommunication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A.MessageswithEmojisfeelmoreconv

ersational.(使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。38．根据前句“Inanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommongroundincommu

nicationcanbeachallenge.(在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)”中关键词句“employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,”与选择项中“allworkge

nerations”是一致的。故选G。39．根据前句“Whohasn’treceivedanemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday?(谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B.Evenaf

ormalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendly.(即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。40．根据后句“andEmojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome

.(并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F.Studiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkp

lace.(研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。【强重难词】1.visuallyadv.形象化地；外表上；看得见地2.annoyingadj.讨厌的；恼人的3.Emojin.表情符号4.tonen.语气5.rangefrom从.

..到...变动；从...到...范围6.besoftenedwith被软化【析长难句】1.OurtouralsoincludesachancetowalkinthefootstepsofVanGoghandGauguin.【解析】句中的includes是谓语，achancet

odo…是有机会做某事的意思。【译文】我们的旅行还包括一个追寻VanGoghandGauguin足迹的机会。【仿写】________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Andwhenyouremp

loyeesbeginaddingsmilingemojistotheirbusinesscommunication,you’llknowyouhavesucceededinimprovingyourworkculture.【解析】

这是一个主从复合句，本句中的when引导的是时间状语从句；youhavesucceededinimprovingyourworkculture是省略了that的宾语从句；succeededindoing是成功做某事。【译文】当你的员工开始在他们的商务交流中添加微

笑表情时，你就会知道你已经成功地改善了你的工作文化。【仿写】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________PPPaaarrrttt333专专专题题题强强强化化化Passage1【真题自测】【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的

最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomepri

nciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“publi

c”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”17Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnecti

on.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.Peopl

e'sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker'smessage.So,don'tstops

peakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit'satrulyseriousone.18Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.

Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.20It'sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspea

kerhadspokenlonger.”Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan'tcountthetimesthatyou'vethought,“I'mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!”Sosurpriseyo

uraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It'sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestless

lyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon'tneedtoapologiz

eforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.F.Takethefearoutofpublicsp

eakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.GHowever,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.B20.D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成为好的

演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。16.G本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项：然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题——演讲者要训练。故选G。17.A下句Focusonthe

speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在“公众”上，而不是“演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Dotheopposite.说明了上句做法的

错误，引出了下句正确的做法。承上启下，故选A。18.C本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项：你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。

19.B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B

。20.D下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.可知作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项：公开演讲时，通常

少就是多。说明了演讲时多和少的辩证关系。故选D。Passage2【真题自测】【2020·全国新课标III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeh

eldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowsthepanty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsa

ndfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.36Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.37Som

epeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalorstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillpu

tonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhous

ewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.38Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn’talotoffood

served.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatourofthe

irnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.39House

warmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.40Nowmosthomeshave

centralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.A.Thisisn’tusualthough.B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C.Youcan

alsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E.

Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogethe

r.G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.【答案】36.E37.B38.C39.A40.G【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活

动安排和名称的由来。36.上句Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新

家的人的一次机会，下句Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的

好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。37.下文Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitc

hentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.和likeapieceofartoraplant.列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传

统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。38.本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.(这一点通常是值得赞

赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。39.本段提到在乔迁聚

会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与

上文衔接，故选A。40.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。Passage3【新题模拟】（

2021·江苏连云港市·高三月考）Whydopeopletake“selfies(自拍)?”ResearchersatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorktriedtoanswerthatquestion.1．Peoplewhopostselfiesanduseeditin

gsoftwaretomakethemselveslookbettershowbehaviorconnectedtoadmiringthemselvestoomuch,theSyracuseresearcherssaid.2．Associalmedia

canbeshallow,itisagoodplaceforpeopleto“worktowardssatisfyingtheirownovermuchpride.”3．Peoplewhopostgroupselfiesshowaneedforp

opularityandaneedtobelongtoagroup,theSyracuseUniversityresearchfound.Otherfindingsfromthestudyinclude:Therear

enomajordifferencesonhowoftenmenandwomenpostselfiesandhowoftentheyuseeditingsoftware.4．TheNewhouseSchool’sAssociateProfessorMakanaChockwor

kedonthestudy.Shesaid,postingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotallthatdifferentfromwhatpeoplehavedoneformanyyears.Ontrips,ourparentsandgrandparentsusedca

merastotakephotos.Beforesocialmedia,peoplewouldbringbackphotostoshowfriendsandfamily.Youhadnochoicebuttolookatthem.Ifyouareanic

eperson,youcommentedabouthowniceeveryoneinthephotoslooked,especiallychildrenandthepersonshowingthephotos.5．Onsocialme

dia,itisadifferentexperience.Peoplecandecidenottolookatphotosoftheirfriendsandfamilyeveniftheyclick“like”oreven“love”undertheFacebookselfie.A．Tha

twastheoldwayof“clicking”like.B．Theycameupwithsomesurprisinganswers.C．Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.D．Suchpeoplethinkveryhighlyo

fthemselves,especiallyhowtheylook.E.Bothcamerasandphonesareusefultoolstorecordpeople’sexperiences.F.Therear

eotherreasons,besidesadmiringthemselves,whypeoplepostselfies.G.Butmendesiretobeseenaspopularmorethanwomenwhenpostingselfies.【答案】1．B2．D3

．F4．G5．A【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了一些研究，关于人们为什么会迷恋自拍并且把它们放到社交网站上。1．上文“ResearchersatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorktriedtoa

nswerthatquestion.（纽约锡拉丘兹大学的研究人员试图回答这个问题。）”说明下文将会是研究人员的解释，下文“Peoplewhopostselfiesanduseeditingsoftwaretomake

themselveslookbettershowbehaviorconnectedtoadmiringthemselvestoomuch,theSyracuseresearcherssaid.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究人员表示，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有关。）

”是研究人员给出的结果，B项“Theycameupwithsomesurprisinganswers.（他们给出了一些令人吃惊的答案）”承上启下，故选B。2．上文说到，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表

现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有关，D项“Suchpeoplethinkveryhighlyofthemselves,especiallyhowtheylook.（这些人对他们自己——尤其是外表——评价很高。）”与上文意思相衔接

，故选D项。3．下文“Peoplewhopostgroupselfiesshowaneedforpopularityandaneedtobelongtoagroup,theSyracuseUniversityresearchfound.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究发现，人们发布集体自拍表明他们需要受

欢迎和属于一个群体。）”说明了人们在社交网站晒自拍的另一个原因，F项“Thereareotherreasons,besidesadmiringthemselves,whypeoplepostselfies.（除了自我欣赏，人们晒自拍还有其他原因。）”放在本段开头，承接下文，

起到过渡作用，故选F项。4．上文“Otherfindingsfromthestudyinclude:Therearenomajordifferencesonhowoftenmenandwomenpostselfiesandhowoftentheyuseeditingsoftware.（该研

究的其他发现包括:男性和女性发布自拍的频率以及他们使用编辑软件的频率没有太大差别。）”说明男性和女性在对待自拍上的相同之处，G项“Butmendesiretobeseenaspopularmorethanwo

menwhenpostingselfies.（但在发布自拍时，男性希望比女性更受欢迎。）”讲了不同点，与上文相衔接，故选G项。5．上文“Beforesocialmedia,peoplewouldbringbackphotostoshowfriendsandf

amily.Youhadnochoicebuttolookatthem.Ifyouareaniceperson,youcommentedabouthowniceeveryoneinthephotoslooked,especiallychildrenandthepersonshowingtheph

otos.（在社交媒体出现之前，人们会带回照片给朋友和家人看。你别无选择，只能看着它们。如果你是个好人，你会说照片里的每个人看起来都很好，尤其是孩子和展示照片的人。）”讲述了以前人们在他人展示照片时表达认可和夸赞的方式，A项“Thatwastheoldwayof“clicking

”like.（这是老式的点赞方式）”是对前文的总结，故选A项。Passage4【新题模拟】（2021·广东肇庆市·高二期末）Gettingyourkidtobedatnightisseriouslyoneofthemostchallengingthingsyo

u’lleverhavetodo.Mostkidsarejustsofullofenergythatthey'lltireyououtbeforethey'rehalfwaythroughtheirstoreofenergy.6．However,it

'sreallynotagreatidea.7．Thekids'parentswereaskedtotrackhowmuchscreentimethekidswereallowedalongwiththeirsleepp

atterns.Theyalsohadthekidswearwristwatchesthattrackkids'movementandsurroundinglight.Thishelpedresearcherskeeptrackofhowlongkidsw

eresleeping.Thestudyfoundthatkidswhodidn'tspendtimeinfrontofscreenbeforebedsleptfor23moreminuteseveryweek.Andtheya

lsowenttosleepabout34minutesearlierthanthekidsplayingiPads.8．qualityofsleepisvastlyimportantforchildren.Formerstudieshavefoundgood

qualitysleepcaninfluenceachild’slifeinmanyways,includingaffectinggradesandalsoweightgain.Studentswithan“A”averagesleptfor30ormoreminutes

pernightthanthosewitha“D”or“F”average.9．Thosewithconsistentandage-appropriatebedtimehadahealthierBMI(体重指数

)thanthosewithoutaconsistentbedtime.10．Justlikeit’simportantforadultstogotosleepwithoutanydistractions(使人分心的事),it’sevenmo

reimportantforkids.A．Whenyou’llhavetoworryaboutwakingthemup.B．ThoughthatmightnotseemlikesomuchmoretimeC．Hardasitis,it’sreallyimport

antnottohandoveraniPadtoachildbeforebed.D．ResearchersattheArizonaStateUniversityconductedastudywith547kidsaged7to9.E.Andch

ildrenwithirregularbedtimehadahigherriskofhavingincreasedbodyweight.F.AneasythingtodotogetyourchildintobedisgivinginandallowingsomeiPadscreent

ime.G.Gettingtosleepontimeandsleepingenoughhelpcontributetoimprovedperformanceinschool.【答案】6．F7．D8．B9．E10．C【分析

】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了睡前玩电子产品对孩子的危害。6．根据上文“Mostkidsarejustsofullofenergythatthey'lltireyououtbeforethey'rehalfwaythroughtheirstoreofenergy”可知，让孩子

睡觉是件很费力的事，于是很多父母就会让孩子玩iPad，选项F.AneasythingtodotogetyourchildintobedisgivinginandallowingsomeiPadscreent

ime.(哄孩子上床最简单的方法就是给孩子一些看iPad的时间。)符合语境，故选F。7．根据下文“Thekids'parentswereaskedtotrack…”和“Thestudyfoundthat…”可知，本段讲述的是一项研究，选项D.Res

earchersattheArizonaStateUniversityconductedastudywith547kidsaged7to9.(亚利桑那州立大学的研究人员对547名7到9岁的孩子进行了一项研究。)符合语境，故选D。8．根据上文“Andtheyals

owenttosleepabout34minutesearlierthanthekidsplayingiPads.(他们也比玩ipad的孩子早34分钟入睡。)”可知，睡前不玩iPads的孩子上床睡觉的时间要早34分钟，B选项中的that指代这个时间，选项B.Thoughth

atmightnotseemlikesomuchmoretime(虽然那看起来好像没有那么多的时间)为让步状语从句，与下文“qualityofsleepisvastlyimportantforchildren(睡眠质量对儿童非常重要)”构成

完整语境。故选B。9．分析本段结构，第二句“Studentswithan“A”averagesleptfor30ormoreminutespernightthanthosewitha“D”or“F”average.(平均成绩为A的学生比平均成绩为D或F的学生每晚睡眠时间

超过30分钟。)”是为了证明第一句“Formerstudieshavefoundgoodqualitysleepcaninfluenceachild’slifeinmanyways,includingaffectinggradesandalsoweig

htgain.(此前的研究发现，良好的睡眠会在很多方面影响孩子的生活，包括影响成绩和体重增加。)”中睡眠对成绩的影响，下面应该说明睡眠对体重的影响，选项E.Andchildrenwithirregularbedtimehadahigherriskofhavingincreasedb

odyweight.(而且，睡眠时间不规律的儿童体重增加的风险更高。)正是说明了不规律睡眠对孩子体重方面的危害，故选E。10．该段为最后一段，是对前文的总结。根据下一句“Justlikeit’simportantforadultstogotosleepwithoutanydistractions(

使人分心的事),it’sevenmoreimportantforkids.(就像成年人睡觉时不受干扰一样重要，这对孩子来说更重要。)”可知，不要将Ipad交给孩子，选项C.Hardasitis,it’

sreallyimportantnottohandoveraniPadtoachildbeforebed.(尽管很难，但睡前不要把iPad交给孩子，这一点非常重要。)符合语境，故选C。Passage5【典题】（2021·广西北海市·高二期末）Smilingisagreat

waytomakeyourselfstandoutwhilehelpingyourbodytofunctionbetter.Itisjustonefunwaytolivelonger,readabouttheo

thersandtryasmanyasyoucan.11．1.Smilingmakesusattractive12．Thereisanattractionfactor.Wewanttoknowasmilingpersonandfigureoutwhatissogoo

d.Frownsandsorrowsallpushpeopleaway—butasmiledrawsthemin.Whensomeoneissmilingtheylightenuptheroom,changethemoodsofothers,andm

akethingshappier.Smilealotandyouwilldrawpeopletoyou.2.13．Stresscanreallyshowupinourfaces,whilesmilinghelpstopreventusfromlookingtired,worndown,a

ndoverwhelmed.Whenyouarestressed,itisofgreatsignificancetotaketimetoputonasmile,whichcantrickthebodyintohelpingyouchangeyourmood.Thestress

shouldbereducedandyou’llbebetterabletotakeaction.3.SmilingLowersYourBloodPressureWhenyousmile,thereisameasura

blereductioninyourbloodpressure.14．Sitforafewminutes,takeareading.Thensmileforaminuteandtakeanotherreadingwhiles

tillsmiling.Doyounoticeadifference?4.SmilingMakesYouSeemSuccessfulSmilingpeopleappearmoreconfident,aremorelikelytobepromoted,andmorel

ikelytobeapproached.15．Nexttimeyouarefeelingdown,tryputtingonasmile.There'sagoodchanceyourmoodwillch

angeforthebetter.A．Themusclesweusetosmilelifttheface,makingapersonappearyounger.B．SmilingRelievesStressC．He

rearesomereasonstokeepsmilinginyourdailylife.D．Giveitatryifyouhaveabloodpressuremonitorathome.E.Putonasmileatmeetingsandappo

intmentsandpeoplewillreacttoyoudifferently.F.Whenwesmileourbodyissendingtherestofusamessagethat"LifeisGood!"G.Wearedrawntopeoplewhosmile.【答案】11．C12

．G13．B14．D15．E【分析】这是一篇说明文。微笑有许多好处：微笑可以让你脱颖而出，让你变得更健康、更能抵抗压力和让你更有魅力。微笑让你活得更加长久快乐，还有可能晋升职位。既然有那么多的好处，尽你所能在日常生活中试着去微笑。11．本

题位于段末，本段主要概述微笑有许多好处，如：让你脱颖而出、更有魅力、让你更长寿等。以及下文的四个小标题可知，本小题是对下文4个小标题的总结。由此可知此题是说在日常生活中保持微笑的原因。分析选项可知C项符合题

意，故选C。12．本题位于段首，本段的主题句为“Smilingmakesusattractive.”以及本段中的“asmiledrawsthemin.”可知，微笑让我们有吸引力，我们被微笑的人所吸引。分析选项，可知G项（Wearedrawntopeople

whosmile.）与本段的意义一致，且有词“draw”的复现。故选G。13．本小题为一段的小标题，分析下面一段的内容可知，本段是说微笑有助于掩盖你的疲惫，让你的情绪改变，缓解压力，使你更好地行动。分析选项可知，B项SmilingRelievesSt

ress（微笑缓解压力）符合题意，故选B。14．本题属于段中，本题所在的小标题为“微笑能降低你的血压”，本段举例坐几分钟、看书、微笑，最后问“注意到区别了吗？”可知，想知道区别就要用血压计来量一下。分析选项可知D项Giveitatryifyouhaveabloodpressuremonitora

thome.（如果你家里有血压计，试试看）与此段意义一致，且有词“bloodpressure”的复现。故选D项。15．本句的前一句“微笑的人看起来更自信，更有可能被晋升，也更有可能被接近。”因此在约会时要微笑，这样就会使你

看起来易于接近，开会时微笑更有可能会被晋升。分析选项可知，E项Putonasmileatmeetingsandappointmentsandpeoplewillreacttoyoudifferently.（在会议和约会上微笑，人们会对

你做出不同的反应。）符合题意，故选E。