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考点25语法填空综合技巧(解析版)【命题趋势】语法填空考察的是语法综合知识。涉及到实词和虚词的运用。其中动词和连词是重点也是难点。在平时的复习过程中要多加练习才行。历年来高考完形填空的规律如下:纯空格---
-----冠词,代词,连词,介词(1个单词);有提示--------动词,名词,形容词,副词(≤3个单词)【重要考向】一、纯空格解法;二、有提示词解法;三、常用的词性转换考向一纯空格解法【填介词】1.Inshort,Ibelievethat
itis__________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…2.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree_______
___engineeringorarchitecture.3.Itrepresentsthepositiveeffectthatanactofgenerositycanhave__________theworld.4.Igotaplacenex
t__________thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.[2014全国卷]【参考答案】1.of2.in3.on4.to【技巧点拨】句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下,名词或代词前面,很有可能是填介词。另外,常考介词的一些固定搭
配,如:introuble处于麻烦之中consider/treat…as把…看作atdawn在黎明时apply…to应用于respondto回应beeager/dying/anxiousfor渴望…beamazed/astonished/shockedat对…感
到吃惊preparefor为…做准备providesth.forsb.给某人提供某物bepopularwith受欢迎【填冠词】1.Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmerica
nSouthwestareadmiredbyeven__________mostmodernarchitectsandengineers.[2015卷II]2.…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto__________s
malltownsome20kilometersaway.3.Expertsthinkthat__________recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe__________Picasso.[2011浙江]4.I
hadtogowithoutbreakfastthismorningasIwasin__________hurry.【参考答案】1.The2.a3.thea4.a【技巧点拨】当纯空格在没有限定词的名词前,特别是单数可数名词前,通常填冠词。
根据语境及定冠词和不定冠词的基本用法选用恰当的冠词。(注限定词主要指冠词,形容词性物主代词以及someanyanother等不定代词),此外也有可能要求填写someotheranyanother等不定代词。【填连词】1.Ithoughtyou’dbel
atefortheconcert,__________endedupgettingthereaheadoftime.2.Thefact__________shehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallof
us.3.Atthatmomentanattractiveyounglady__________noticedmybookcameuptome4.Buthehadnotimeforhisdream__________hisworkkepthimtoobusy.5.Anothe
rreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofricetoimprovewaterquality.Cornuseslesswater_______
___riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.【参考答案】1.But2.that3.who4.because5.than【技巧点拨】如果两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有封号和句号,也没有关联词链接或引导,则填并列连词或从属连词。
考向二有提示词解法【提示词为动词】提示词为动词主要考察谓语动词、非谓语动词和派生词1.Thisisn’tashardasit__________(sound),anditisfarbetterthananyothermethodbecauseyouimprov
eyourvocabularywhile__________(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.【参考答案】soundsreading高考回顾1.__________(Travel)alongtheSilkRoadisaninteresting
andrewardingexperience.[2018北京]2.Ordinarysoap,__________(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.[2018北京]3.Peoplehavebetterhe
althcarethantheyusedto,andthey__________(live)longerasaresultatpresent.[2017北京]4.I__________(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundIwaso
nthewrongroad.[2017天津]5.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which__________(be)bothwidelyandhighlypraise,str
enghtenedDicken’sstatusasaleadingnovelist.[2017江苏]6.Thisswitchhasdecreased__________(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesan
dreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]7.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe__________(intr
oduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.[2017全国卷Ⅱ]【参考答案】1.Traveling2.used3.areliving4.wasdriving5.was6.Poll
ution7.introduction课堂巩固1.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether__________(share)ameal,admirethem
oonandenjoymooncakes.[2018北京]2.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs__________(take).[2018天津]3.Readersalso__________(tend)tosharear
ticlesthatwere__________(excite)orfunny.[2016新课标Ⅲ卷]4.Theparkwasfullofpeople__________(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.[2015北京]【
参考答案】1.Toshare2.taken3.tendedexciting4.enjoying【提示词为名词】1.Thatwouldbeavery__________(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,but
itcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours2.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto__________(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandg
etgoodrunningshoes.3.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost__________(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopened
in1900.【参考答案】1.reasonable2.strengthen3.successful【提示词为代词】1.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,Iwantedtorewa
rdtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused__________.2.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingit__________hasmademewanttosayitagain:asmile…3.Sher
ememberedhowdifficult__________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.4.and__________wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesi
ckthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精)!5.…as__________tookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists…6.Datingsitesalsomake__
________easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.【参考答案】1.Her2.myself3.it4.it5.it6.it【技巧点拨】(1)作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格,注意形
容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。(2)指示代词,不定代词、反身代词等It有关句型It+is/was+被强调的部分+that/who从句It+be+adj(important,kind,wise,foolish+for/of+sb+todo/that
It+be+V-ed(said,reported,believed,suggested)+that从句It+be+(apity,ashame,afact,goodnews)+that从句It+vi.(seems/makesnodifference/happens/m
atter)+that从句Itis/wasthefirst(second...)time+thatsbhas/haddoneIttakes/tooksb.+一段时间+todosth.It+be+一段时间+since/before…6123结构:make
,feel,find,think,consider,believe+it+adj./n.+todo/doing/that从句I’dappreciateitif…Depend/relyonitthat…Seetoitthat表示感情色彩动
词like,hate,dislike,enjoy等+it+that从句考向三常见的词性转换【典例】1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid__________(rude).[07深圳一模]2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my_____
_____(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.[08惠二模]3.Thisproverbiss
ayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir__________(nature)course.[08广东]4.__________(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithin
kitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.[09汕头水平考试]【参考答案】1.rudely2.sugge
stion3.natural4.undoubtedly【词性转换解题技巧】解题技巧当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决:(1)作主语或宾语用_________形式。(2)在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(so
me,any,alotof等)、介词后还没有名词时,就用_________形式。(3)作定语、表语或补足语用__________形式。(4)作状语,修饰动词、形容词或另一副词,或放在句首修饰全句,用__
_____。(5)当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时,无需改变词性,而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀,也可能用其比较级或最高级。1.【2021年6月浙江卷】Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashi
ngton'splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,56(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.Beautifully
restored(修复)toits1860appearance,thehousewasAbrahamandMaryLincoln'shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtit57$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesD
resser,whoperformedtheir58(marry)ceremonyin1842.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch59(small)thanitistoday.Mary'sniecewrote,"Thelittleh
ome60(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof61(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfec
torder.AlthoughMarylovedflowers,62shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.Along-timeneighborsaidtheyneverplantedtreesandonlykeptagardenforoneye
ar.Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover63(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.64Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsofth
eirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,
theyrentedthehouseand65(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.答案与解析:56.hasproved/hasproven考查动词的时态。根据后面的sinceitopenedtothepublic可知,此处要
用现在过去时,故填hasproved/hasproven。57.for考查介词。根据后面的$1,200可知,此处表示“花了1200美元钱买了它”。故填for。58.marriage考查名词。根据句意可知,此处要用名词marriage作ceremony的定语,表示“结
婚典”。故填marriage。59.smaller考查比较级。根据后面的thanitistoday可知,此处要用比较级。故填smallcr。60.waspainted考查动词的时态和语态。根据第二段第一句中的Whenthehousewasbuilt可知,此处描述
的是房子刚建成时的情况,故要用一般过去时,且Thelittlehome与动词paint之间是被动关系。故填waspainted。61.herself考查反身代词。根据句意可知,此处要用反身代词herself。62.neither考查连词。根据后面的shenor
herhusband可知,此处为neither...nor...结构。故填neither。63.toplant考查动词不定式。此处表示经常过来种花。此处为目的状语,故填toplant。64.The考查定冠词
。根据后面的Lincolns可知,此处表示“林肯一家人”。故填the。65.sold考查动词的时态。根据前面的AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,th
eyrentedthehouse可知,此处要用一般过去时。故填sold。2.【2021年全国甲卷】TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'sl
onghistory.It___41___(build)originallytoprotectthecity___42___theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).Itispossible___43___(walk)
orbiketheentire14kilometers.WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanse
estreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After___44___(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwasti
meforsomeactionandwhat___45___(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!We___46___(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky_
__47___didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand___4
9___(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir____50____(day)routines.【答案】41.wasbuilt42.in43.tow
alk44.spending45.better46.hired47.but48.the49.watchtowers50.daily【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。【41题详解】考查被动
语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(bedone),根据句意和时间状语theTangdynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词
用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填wasbuilt。【42题详解】考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知,表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。【43题详解】考查动词不定式。句意:在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后,我们决定是时候采
取行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处为句型“it+be+adj+todosth.”,it为形式主语,动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填towalk。【44题详解】考查动名词。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些行动了,
还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知,此处After为介词,故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些行动了,还有什么比骑
在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连(介)词than可知,此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。【46题详解】考查时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下文可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时
,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。【47题详解】考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃,但还可以骑。后文didthejob和前文Mybikewasoldandshaky之间存在转折关系,故用表示转折的连词but
连接。故填but。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直;完全地”可知短语为alltheway,故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。【49题详解】考查名词复数。句意:据说你可以在两个小
时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知,此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念,应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。【50
题详解】考查形容词。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily,作定语,修饰名词。故填daily。3.【2021年全国乙卷】
Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltou
rismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome___61___(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacte
ristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe___62___(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas___63___(it)o
riginwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept___64___thelate1980s.Duringthat
time,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto___65___growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,variou
stypes___66___tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:·Minimizetheimpact
of___67___(visit)theplace.·Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.·Provide___6
8___(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.·Makesurethatthetourismprovidesexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.KomodoNationalPark,of
ficiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.___69___(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(
远足)andaccommodationsaim____70____(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【答案】61.educated62.development63.its64.until65.th
e66.of67.visiting68.financial69.activities70.tohave【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行
现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上,生态旅游必须满足一些规定。【61题详解】考查形容词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知,此处查固定搭配becomeeducatedabo
ut表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。【62题详解】考查名词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知,此处填入名词de
velopment来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。【63题详解】考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知,此处形容词性物主代词来
修饰名词origin。故填its。【64题详解】考查固定句型。句意:直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知,此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until
。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growingpopularityofenvironmental-relate
dandadventuretravel”可知,此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,所以应填定冠词the。故填the。【66题详解】考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。varioustyp
esof为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”,所以空格处应填of。故填of。【67题详解】考查动名词。句意:最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知,空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。【68题详解】考查形容词。句意:为当地人民提供财
政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知,空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid,finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。【69题详解】考查名词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且
住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知,空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填activities。【70题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语a
imtodo译为“旨在,目的是”。故填tohave。4.【2021年新高考全国卷Ⅰ】GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingR
oad”.____56____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonce
youareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____57____(human)are.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryafterthe
climb.Itwill____58____(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthe
temperaturegets,the____59____(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus____60____(a
stonish).Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit____61____(be)forthepeop
lethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure_
___62____offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour____63____(ache)legs.Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingr
oad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin____64____(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis__
__65____musttovisit!【答案】56.What57.humans58.undoubtedly59.hotter60.astonished61.was62.and63.aching64.mine65.a【解析】【分析】本文属于说
明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海,温泉以及台阶。【56题详解】考查主语从句。句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺乏主语,应用what引导,指代“经历的事情”。故填Wha
t。【57题详解】考查名词复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海,你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语,we为复数,应用human的复数形式。故填humans。【58题详解】考查副词。句意
:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!修饰动词help,应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。【59题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是,气温越低,温泉越暖和。此处是固
定结构“the+比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”。故填hotter。【60题详解】考查形容词。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”,补充说明宾语us的感受,应用-ed结
尾形容词。故填astonished。【61题详解】考查一般过去时。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知,“howhardit61(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace”作wonde
r的宾语,it是从句的形式主语,不定式为真正主语,谓语动词用单数形式,安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填was。【62题详解】考查连词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知,“hig
hlightsthewholeadventure”与“offersaplace”部分为并列关系,都是作it的谓语,故用并列连词and。【63题详解】考查形容词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整
个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知,此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs,意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。【64题详解】考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对
我来说确实如此。根据前一句“itwillalwaysstickinthevisitor'smemory”可知,本句为does指代前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代mymemory。故填mine。【65题
详解】考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时,意为“绝对必要的事物”,为可数名词,此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”,应用不定冠词,must是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故填a。5.【
2021年1月浙江卷】Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier56thatmostofther
iseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool57givesanindicationofwheth
ersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga58(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and2559(consider)healthy.T
hestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased602.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain61(be)1.3inwomen
and1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries62(stud
y)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeople
inmanycountrieshadnarrowed63(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople64(live)inthecountryside,i
ncluding65(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.答案与解析56.and考查并列连词。此空前后连接两个that引导的宾语
从句,且根据句意可知,前后两个从句是并列关系,故填并列连词and。57.that/which考查定语从句/关系代词。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处缺少引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语的关系代词,而先行词tool为物,故此处填关系代
词that或which。58.person’s考查名词所有格。此空后接名词,且根据句意“它的计算方法是用一个人的体重公斤数除以身高米数的平方„„”,故此处填person的所有格形式。59.isconsidered考查谓语动词时态和语态。此空应填入consider的谓语形式,根据
前半句的Itis可判断时态为一般现在时,且根据句意“19到25之间的BMI(体重指数)被认为是健康值”,可知BMI与consider为被动关系,故语态为被动。60.by考查介词。这里是说在1985年至2017年间,农村女性和男性的平均BMI值“增加了”2.1,故此处填介词by。61.was考查谓
语动词时态。此处是在讲1985年至2017年间城市中人们BMI值增加情况,是描述过去发生的事情,且上一句描述当时农村情况时用一般过去时,故此处也应为一般过去时,故填be的一般过去式was。62.studied考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,该句谓语动词
为had,故此空考查study的非谓语动词形式,此处作countries的后置定语;而countries与study之间为被动关系,且“研究”是已经完成了的动作,故填studied。63.sharply考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词hadnarrowed,故用副词sh
arply。64.living考查非谓语动词。此空考查live的非谓语动词形式,此处作people的后置定语;而people与live之间为主动关系,故填living。65.lower考查形容词比较级。此处and连接三个并列
的形容词加名词结构,形式应保持一致;由higher与fewer可知此处应填low的比较级lower。1.【四川省南充市2019-2020学年高三上学期统考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Onemorning,I61(wait)atthebussto
p,62(worry)aboutbeinglateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,63someofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed.Whenthebusfinallyca
me,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext64thewindow,soIhad65goodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabikecaughtmy66(attend)--hewasridingbesidethe
busandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefusedtostop67wereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykeptriding.Hewascarryingsome
thingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranuptothedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoodupa
ndasked,"68anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?"Awomanonthebusshouted,"Oh,dear!It’s69(I)".Shepushedherwaytothedriv
erandtookthesuitcase70(grate).Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangerssuddenlybecamefriendlytoone
another.【答案】61.waswaiting62.worried63.and64.to65.a66.attention67.till/until68.Did69.me/mine70.gratefully【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本
文主要记叙了在一个早上作者挤公交车遇到好心男孩坚持骑着自行车一直追着公交车,并归还了一位女士的手提包的故事。61.考查时态。句意:一天早上,我正在公交站等公交,担心上学迟到。表示过去正在进行的动作,用过去进行时,主语是
I,故填waswaiting。62.考查过去分词。句意:担心上学迟到。此处是过去分词作伴随状语,表示此时主语担忧的状态,故用worried。63.考查连词。句意:有许多人正在公交站等车,而且他们中的一些人看起来非常焦虑
和失望。根据内容可知前后是并列关系。故填and。64.考查固定搭配。句意:我得到一个靠窗的位置。nextto是固定短语,意思是“靠近,临近”。故填to。65.考查冠词。句意:我得到一个靠窗的位置,因此我的视野能很好看到人行道。goodview
“好的视野”,view是名词,故用冠词a。66.考查名词。句意:一个骑自行车的男孩引起我的注意。短语catchone’sattention意为“引起某人注意”,在形容词性物主代词后面,故用名词attention。67.考查连词。句意:我听到后面的乘客在冲司机喊叫,但是他拒
绝停下来直到下一个站。根据后半句可知司机拒绝停下来,refusetodosth.是习惯搭配,意思是“拒绝做某事”,可知此处是表示“直到”的意思,故用连词until。68.考查助动词。句意:在上一个站有人丢失了一个手提箱吗?此处是询问过去发生的事情,应该用一般过去时,所以助动词用D
id。注意:该单词位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Did。69.考查代词。句意:哦,天哪!是我的。根据前文Itis可知,此处用人称代词宾格或者名词性物主代词作表语,强调“是我的包,或者是我丢了包”,故填mine/me。70.考查副词。句意:她向司机挤了过去,感激地拿起了手提包。通常副词修饰动
词,此处是用副词修饰“took”这个动作,故填gratefully。2.【2021届江苏省徐州市第一中学新高考全国卷第一次适应性考试】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ch
ineseOlympicchampionSunYangwas56.(initial)clearedofwrongdoingbyFINA,theswimmingfederation(联盟),inJanuary2019.Followinganappealbyth
eWorldAnti-DopingAgency(WADA)totheCourtofArbitrationforSport(CAS),thedecisionhas57.(turn)over.Aneight-yearbanwasgivenonSun
becausethiswashissecond58.(offend).SuntoldChina’sXinhuanewsagencythatheplannedtoappeal59.thedecision.Hesaid,
“Thisis60.(fair).Ifirmlybelieveinmyinnocence.”CASsaiditsdecisioncanbechallengedbeforetheSwissFederalTribunalwithin3061.(day).Suntoldanappea
lhearinginNovemberthathemissedatestbecausetestersfailed62.(prove)theiridentitywhentheyarrivedatthishome.Healsodenied
thatavial(小瓶)63.(contain)hisbloodsampleswassmashed(砸碎)byhimwith64.hammer.Thethree-timeOlympicgoldmedallistissettoappealhisbanuntilFebruary2028,65.
ifupheld,effectivelyendshisswimmingcareer.【答案】56.initially57.beenturned58.offence59.against60.unfair61.days62.toprove63.containing64.
a65.which【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国奥运冠军孙杨最初于2019年1月被国际泳联洗清罪名。在世界反兴奋剂机构向体育仲裁法庭提出上诉后,该决定已经被提交。孙因第二次违法被禁赛8年。孙对新华社说,他计划对这一决定提起上诉。如果维持原判,他的游泳生涯实际上将结束。5
6.考查副词。修饰动词clear应用副词initially,做状语,表示“最初”。故填initially。57.考查动词语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,根据上文thedecisionhas可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填beenturned。58.考查名词。根据上文hi
s为形容词性物主代词修饰名词,可知应填名词offence,表示“犯罪”。故填offence。59.考查介词。句意:孙对新华社说,他计划对这一决定提起上诉。结合句意表示“提起上诉”短语为appealagainst。故填against。60.考查形容词。句意:他说:“这是不公
平的。我坚信我是无辜的。”根据上文is可知应填形容词作表语,且结合语境表示“不公平的”应用unfair。故填unfair。61.考查名词的数。day为可数名词,由30修饰应用复数。故填days。62.考
查非谓语动词。句意:孙在去年11月的一次上诉听证会上说,他错过了一次考试,因为测试人员在到达他家时没有证明自己的身份。根据句意表示“未能做某事”短语为failtodosth.。故填toprove。63.考查非谓语动词。句意:他
还否认自己用锤子砸碎了一个装有他血液样本的小瓶。分析句子结构可知contain在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语vial构成主动关系,故应用现在分词作定语。故填containing。64.考查冠词。句
意同上。hammer为可数名词,此处表示泛指“一个锤子”应用不定冠词,且hammer为辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。65.考查定语从句。句意:这位三届奥运会金牌得主将对禁令提起上诉,上诉到2028年2月,如果维持原判,禁令将结束他的游泳生涯。
此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词ban,且先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。3.【2021届四川省成都附属实验中学高三上学期入学考试】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。TheBeijingDaxingInternationalAirport(BDIA)was41.(formal)openedonSept.25,2019.Locatedaround46kmsouthofTiananmenSquare,
itwasdesignedbyfamedarchitectZahaHadid.BDIAwaslisted42.thefirstofthe“sevenwondersofthemodernworldnearcompletion”bytheGuardianin2015.The
newairportcomplex,consistingofamainterminal,asupportingservicebuildingandaparkinglot,43.(cover)anareaof
about1.4millionsquaremeters.Thestarfishdesignisextremelyspaceefficient,with44.journeyofjust600metresfromsecurity
tothefurthestgate.45.couldbethemostexpectedinnovationatBDIAisitsartificialintelligence.Theairport46.(set)upmorethan400self-servicecheck-inmachines
already,whichcan47.(short)passengers’waitingtimetoabout10minutes.Travelerscanbescannedoncameras48.(u
se)facialrecognition.Counterscanbefullyautomatedtocapture(抓拍)facephotosandrelay49.(they)duringeachpartofthejourney
throughtheairport,includingsecurityandthedeparturegate.TheDaxingairport—saidtobetheworld’slargestterminalinasinglebuilding—isexpected50.(receiv
e)alargeamountofthe170millionpassengersby2025.ItwillbecomeanewtransporthubforthegreaterBeijingregion.【答案】41.form
ally42.as43.covers44.a45.What46.hasset47.shorten48.using49.them50.toreceive【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京大兴国际机场的开幕以及里面的科技设备——面部识别等信息。41.考查副词。根据后
面的动词“opened”可知,此处应用副词修饰动词opened。故填formally。42.考查介词。belistedas是固定短语,意为“被列为,被记录”。故填as。43.考查动词和主谓一致。分析句子可知,前面有非谓语动词consisting,该句缺少谓语动词,且主语“Then
ewairportcomplex”是单数,所以此处应用covers。故填covers。44.考查冠词。分析句子可知,此处泛指“一次旅行”,且journey的读音是以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。45.考查主语从句。分析句子可知,该句中谓语动词is前面的是主语,所以空处
引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,所以应用what引导。故填What。46.考查时态。already是现在完成时的标志,表明某件事情已经完成,所以此处应用现在完成时。故填hasset。47.考查动词。助动词can后接动词原形,所以此处应有动词形式shorten。故填shorte
n。48.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词,动词use与其逻辑主语travelers之间是主动关系,应用现在分词。故填using。49.考查代词。动词relay后接代词的宾格形式,所以此处用them。故填them。50.考查
动词不定式。expecttodosth.是固定搭配,意为“期望做某事”。故填toreceive。4.【2021届湖南省衡阳市一中高三第一次月考】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheWorldHeathOrganization(
WHO)hasdecidedthatthenovelcoronavirusoutbreakisconsideredasaninternationalpublicheathemergency,36.(set)offthegloba
lactiontopreventthespreadofthevirus.ItisthesixthtimethatWHO37.(declare)suchanemergencysince2005."Thed
eclarationisnecessarybecausehuman-to-humaninfectionhasbeenconfirmedinothercountries.38.virushasnowbeenfoundinseveralotherAsiannat
ionsandreachedAustralia,theUnitedStatesandEuropeaswell”WHODirector-GeneralTedrosAdhanomGhebreyesussaid,"Wewouldhave39.(proba
ble)seenmanymorecasesanddeathsoutsideChinabynowwithoutChinesegovernment'seffortsandtheprogresstheyhavemade40.(pro
tect)theirownpeopleandthepeoplearoundtheworld.""ThespeedwithwhichChinaracedtotheoutbreakandisolatedthevirusisv
ery41.(impress)andbeyondwords,TheChinesegovernmentistobecongratulatedfortheextraordinarymeasuresithastakentocontrol
theoutbreakdespitethenegativeeconomicinfluencethosemeasuresarehaving42.thewholeSociety.Inmanyways,Chinaisactuallysetti
nganewstandardforvirusoutbreak43.,(respond),andthisisnotanexaggeration(夸大),”headdWHOwilloffermemberstatesaseriesofsuggestion44.areaimedatcontrol
lingthespreadofthediseaseandgivingsupportto45.(affect)areas.【答案】36.setting37.hasdeclared38.The39.probably40.top
rotect41.impressive42.on43.response/respond44.that/which45.affected【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了世界卫生组织已决定将这次新型冠状病毒爆发视为国际公共卫生紧急事件,从而启动全球行动,防止该病毒的传播
。在这次公共卫生突发事件中,中国采取的有力应对措施,得到了世界的广泛好评,为世界做出了贡献和榜样。36.考查非谓语动词。句意:世界卫生组织已决定将这次新型冠状病毒爆发视为国际公共卫生紧急事件,从而启动全球行
动,防止该病毒的传播。___1___(set)offtheglobalactiontopreventthespreadofthevirus.是分词作状语,setoff与其逻辑主语TheWorldHeathOr
ganization之间是主动关系,用现在分词,所以填setting。37.考查时态。Itis/wasthefirst/second/third...timethat...该句型意为“这是某人第几次做
某事了”。当主句的谓语动词用is时,从句谓语动词用现在完成时;当主句的谓语动词用was时,从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,这里是is,所以用现在完成时,WHO是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,所以填hasdeclared。38.考查冠
词。特指“新型冠状病毒”这种病毒,用定冠词,句子第一个单词首字母大写,所以填The。39.考查副词。该空修饰动词seen,用副词,所以填probably。40.考查不定式。这里表示“为了保护他们自己的人民和世
界人民”,用不定式作目的状语,所以填toprotect。41.考查形容词。该空作is后的表语,用形容词,所以填impressive。42.考查固定短语。haveaninfluenceon对……有影响,该短语是固定短语,所以填on。43.考查名词。该空作介词for的宾语,用名词,respon
se/respond是抽象名词,所以填response/respond。44.考查定语从句。___9___areaimedatcontrollingthespreadofthediseaseandgivingsupportto___10___(affect)areas.是一个定语从句,修饰先
行词aseriesofsuggestion,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用关系代词that或which引导该从句,所以填that/which。45.考查过去分词。分析句子结构,该空作定语,修饰名词areas,“影响”和“地区”之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,所以填affe
cted。5.【湖北省黄冈市2021届高三9月月考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。UKPrimeMinisterBorisJohnsonhasstartedplansfora"cyclingandwalkingrev
olution".It,iffully36.(realize),couldchangethewaypeoplemovearoundtownsandcities.Themovecomesasauthorities'attempt37.(improve)publichealthbyarousin
gpeople'sinterestintravelingbybikeandonfoot.Theplans,whichare38.(special)designedforEngland,aretobefundedby£2billion.Wide-rangingintheirscope,theyin
clude39.(aspect)suchus:providingcyclingtrainingtochildrenandadults40.theywantit,developinganetworkofprotecte
dbikeroutes,andcreating"low-trafficneighborhoods."XavierBrice,theCEOofSustrans,acharitywhichfocusedoncyclingandwalking,41.(say)thenewpl
ansmarked"abigstepforward"bythegovernment."By42.(help)morepeopletoleavethecarathomeforshorterjourneys,thispackageofmeasuresw
illcutpollutionandimprovethesafetyofourstreets,"headded.Thecoronaviruspandemichasalreadyhadasignificanteffect43.thewaypeo
plemoveabout.PublictransportuseintheUKhasfallengreatlywhilesomepartsofthecountry44.(change)theirroadslatelytomake45.easierforpeopletog
etaroundbywalkingorbybike.【答案】36.realized37.toimprove38.specially39.aspects40.if/when41.said42.helping43.on44.havechanged45.it【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。为了改善和提高人
们的身体素质,英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊已经开始计划一场“骑车和步行革命”。这个活动36.考查状语从句的省略。句意:它如果完全地被意识到,可以改变人们的移动方式的城镇和城市。本句为if引导的条件状语从句的省略,
还原为itisrealised,因主句主语与从句主语相同,且从句动词为be动词,所以主语和be动词被省略。故答案为realized。37.考查非谓语动词。句意:这一举措是由于当局试图通过唤起人们对骑自行车旅行的兴趣来改善公共健康。分析句子的结构可知:设空处在句中作非谓语
,attempttodosth试图做某事。故答案为toimprove。38.考查副词。句意:这项专为英格兰设计的计划将得到20亿英镑的资助。分析句子结构可知:设空处后为动词,设空处应用副词修饰动词。故答案为specially。39.考查名词。句意:他们的范围很广,如果
孩子和成年人想要的话,可以提供骑车训练。分析句子的结构可知,设空处在句中作宾语,应用名词形式,名词指的是”suchus:providingcyclingtrainingtochildrenandadults”以及”devel
opinganetworkofprotectedbikeroutes,andcreating"low-trafficneighborhoods."三件事情,名词应用复数形式。故答案为aspects。40.考查连词。句意见上题。
分析句子的成分可知:设空处应为连词引导从句;结合句意,设空处可表示时间也可表示条件。故答案为if/when。41.考查动词的时态。句意:专注于骑车和步行的慈善机构Sustrans的首席执行官泽维尔•布里斯表示,新计划标志着政府“向前迈出了一大步。分
析句子的结构可知:设空处在句中作谓语,根据宾语从句thenewplansmarked“abigstepforward”bythegovernment.新计划标志着政府“向前迈出了一大步”。可知句子的时态为一般过去时。故答案为said。42.考查非谓语动词。句意:“通过帮
助更多的人在短途旅行时将汽车留在家里,这一揽子措施将减少污染,提高我们的街道安全,”他补充说。分析句子的结构可知:设空处在句中作非谓语,设空处前为介词,后接动名词作宾语。故答案为helping。43.考查介词。句意:冠状病毒大流行已经对人们的出行方式产生了重大影响。固定搭配ha
veaneffecton…对…...有影响。故答案为on。44.考查动词时态。句意:英国的公共交通使用量大幅下降,而该国的一些地区最近改变了道路,使人们步行或骑自行车出行更方便。分析句子结构可知:设空处在句中作谓语,根据
lately可以判断时态是现在完成时。故答案为havechanged。45.考查it作形式宾语。句意见上题。分析句子的结构可知:句子的真正宾语是togetaroundbywalkingorbybike.设空处在句中作it作形式宾语。故答案为it。6.【广东省汕头市金山中学2021届高三年级上学
期联考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Sometimesinlife,youneedtoactquickly.Thinkingtoomuchaboutaproblem36.(be)notalwaysbe
neficial.Itcanholdusback.Butmanythingsinliferequirecarefulthoughtandpreparation."Anounceofpreventionisworthapoundofcure,"is37.greatexpressionfo
rthatkindofbehavior.Thissayingcomestous38.BenjaminFranklin,whowasoneofthe39.(found)oftheUnitedStates.Theword“ounce”meansso
methingreallysmall,justtwo-one-hundredthsofakilogram40.(exact).So,whenyoudealwithaproblem,spendingasmallamountoftimeandeffortearlyonc
ansaveyoumoretroubleintheend.Forexample,ifacountryannouncesstrongmeasuresfor41.(contain)avirus,wecouldsay,“Ano
unceofpreventionisworthapoundofcure.”Itisbetter42.(take)severeprecautions(预防)thantosuffersevereconse
quenceslater.Franklinwasnottalkingaboutdisease.43.ratherfireprevention.DuringavisittoBostonin1733,Franklin44.(impress)withthecity’sfirepreventionme
thods.HetriedtobringsomeofthosepracticestothecityofPhiladelphia,45.helived.Fromthenon,thisexpressioncanbeusedi
nmanyserioussituations.【答案】36.is37.a38.from39.founders40.Exactly41.containing42.totake43.but44.wasimpressed45.where【解析】本文是记叙文,讲述了“一盎司的预防胜过一
磅的治疗”这句名言的由来和意义。36.考查动词。句意:对一个问题想得太多并不总是有益的。本句主语是Thinkingtoomuchaboutaproblem,动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式,此处是描述事实,
需要用一般现在时,故be动词需要用单数is,故填is。37.考查冠词。句意:“一盎司的预防胜过一磅的治疗”是对这种行为的一个很好的表达。expression表示“具体的表达”时是可数名词,此处是泛指,表示一种表达,需要用不定冠词,great的发音以元音音素开头,
故填a。38.考查介词。句意:这句话是美国的开国元勋之一本杰明·富兰克林说的。comefrom表示“来自”,是固定搭配,故填from。39.考查名词复数。句意:这句话是美国的开国元勋之一本杰明·富兰克林说的。
此处表示“创立者”,oneof+名词复数,表示“…之一”,故填founders。40.考查副词。句意:“盎司”这个词的意思是非常小的东西,仅仅是一千克的百分之二。此处副词修饰整个句子,故填exactly。41.考查动名词。句意:例如,如果一个国家宣布了遏制病毒的
强硬措施,我们应该说“一盎司的预防胜过一磅的治疗”。空前有介词for,介词后面加动名词作宾语,故填containing。42.考查不定式。句意:与其以后遭受严重的后果,不如采取严厉的预防措施。Itis+形容词+todosth表示“做某事是……样
的”,是固定句式,it作形式主语,不定式是真正的主语,故填totake。43.考查连词。句意:富兰克林说的不是疾病,而是防火。前后是转折关系,not...butrather表示“不是……而是”,故填but。44.考查时态和语态。句意:在1733年访问波士顿期间,富兰克林对这座城市的防火方法印象深刻
。beimpressedwith对……印象深刻,本句主语是Franklin,谓语动词用单数,根据in1733,时间发生在过去,故用一般过去时。故填wasimpressed。45.考查定语从句。句意:他试图把
这些做法带到他居住的费城。______helived是非限定性定语从句,先行词是thecityofPhiladelphia,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。7.【2021届湖北省武汉市部分学校高三起点质量检测】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Lik
emany,Deanonceviewedsurfingasalifestyle,notasport.Hecametoitseveralyears36.earninghisgraduatedegreeandgoingtoworkataclinic.“AsIsurfedmorefrequ
ently,”hesays,“Istartedtothinkaboutit37.(different)-whatdoIneedtodotocatchmorewaves38.makemoreturns?”Dea
n’sclinicalbackgroundwasthekeyfactor39.ledhimtobeginreconsideringthoseideas.Whenhissonstartedcatchingwaveswithfriends,heasked40.(many)qu
estions:Whydon’tsurferstrainthewayfootballplayersdo?He41.(assess)theboys’movementsonthewateranddevelopedconditioningplansinvolvingunstablesurfaces.H
ereviewedhoursofvideofootage,42.(focus)onhowtheirtechniquescouldbeimproved.Deanopenedasurfclubin2010.Overthe43.(year)hehas
trainedSimpson,aUSOpenchampionship44.(win),andotherstars.“Mywholegoal,”Deansays,“45.(be)togettopsurferstodow
hatlotsofmajorsportsarealreadydoing.”【答案】36.after37.differently38.and39.that/which40.more41.assessed42.focusing43.years44.winner45.is【解析】这是一篇
记叙文。文章主要讲了Dean从喜欢冲浪运动到开办冲浪俱乐部的过程。36.考查介词。句意:他是在获得研究生学位并在一家诊所工作几年之后,开始从事这项工作的。表示“在……之后”,用连词after,所以填after。37.考查副词。该空修饰动词短语th
inkabout,用副词,所以填differently。38.考查连词。句意:我需要做些什么才能抓住更多的海浪,做更多的转弯?catchmorewaves和makemoreturns之间是并列关系,所以填and。39.考查定语从句。___
_4____ledhimtobeginreconsideringthoseideas.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词thekeyfactor,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用关系代词that或which引导该从句,所以填that/which。40.考查形容词。句意:当他的儿子开始和
朋友们一起冲浪时,他问了更多的问题。根据Whydon’tsurferstrainthewayfootballplayersdo?可知他问了更多的问题。more更多的,所以填more。41.考查时态。整篇文
章都在描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填assessed。42.考查现在分词。分析句子结构,____7____(focus)onhowtheirtechniquescouldbeimproved.是分词
作状语,focus与其逻辑主语He之间是主动关系,用现在分词,所以填focusing。43.考查名词的数。year是可数名词,表示“他一直在训练辛普森的这些年”,是复数意义,用名词复数,所以填years。44.考查名词。aUSOpenchampionship____9_
___(win)是Simpson的同位语,该空用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,所以填winner。45.考查时态和主谓一致。描述主语现在的状态,用一般现在时;主语Mywholegoal是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,所以填
is。8.【2021届湖北华中师大附中高三上学期六校联考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InanymajorIndiancity,peopleareseenwithanarmoutstretched,mobilephoneinhand,28.(smil
e)widelyandclickingaway.EvenPrimeMinisterNarendraModiissaid29.(love)theselfie(自拍),postingpicturesonlinethathehastakenwith30.(variety)worldleaders.B
utthepursuitofselfiecansometimeshavedeadlyconsequences.Indiaishometo31.highestnumberofpeoplewhohavediedwhiletakingphotosof32.(they),with19ofthewo
rld’s49recordedselfie-linkeddeathssince2014.33.(early)thismonth,an18-year-oldcollegestudentonaclasspicniclosthisbalancewhiletaking
aselfieontopofarocknearadam.Hefellintothewateranddrowned,alongwithaclassmate34.jumpedintosavehim.Since
then,theIndiangovernment35.(declare)16no-selfiezonesacrossMumbai,warningpeople36.takingunnecessaryrisk
s.Policehavedeclared“noselfie”inareasconsideredtobe37.(risk)—particularlyalongthecoastlineinspotswithnorailingsorfences.
Anyonecominginto“noselfie”areaseveniftheytakenophotos,willriskafineof1,200rupees($17.50).【答案】28.smiling29.tolove30.various
31.the32.themselves33.Earlier34.that/who35.hasdeclared36.against37.risky【解析】这是一篇说明文。因为很多游客喜欢在印度自拍,导致印度成为自拍死亡人数最多的国家。为了阻止这一情况的恶化
,印度政府采取了一些相关措施,例如设立标志牌和罚款。28.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语people和smile之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填smiling。29.考查不定式。分析句子可知,此处考查固定用法“主语
+besaid/thought/believed…todosth.”,故填tolove。30.考查形容词。分析句子可知,此处应用variety的形容词various“各种各样的”修饰名词leaders,故填various。31.考查定冠词。由highest可知此处应填定冠
词,表示最高级,故填the。32.考查代词。句意:印度是因自拍照死亡数字最高的地方。根据句意可知,此处意为“自拍”即给自己拍照,故应用反身代词指代上文提到的people,故填themselves。33.考查比较级。句意:本月早些时候,一个18岁的大学生班级野餐时,站在一个大坝附
近的岩石上自拍失去了平衡。根据句意可知,此处意为“本月早些时候”,应用early的比较级earlier,故填Earlier。34.考查定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词aclass
mate,关系词代替先行词,在从句中作主语,指人,应用关系代词that/who,故填that/who。35.考查时态。分析句子可知,设空处是句子谓语动词,根据上文的sincethen判断为现在完成时,主语theIndi
angovernment是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,故填hasdeclared。36.考查短语。此处是短语warnsb.againstdoingsth.“警告某人不要做某事”,故填against。37.考查形容词。设空处应填形容词作为表语,故填ris
ky。9.【2021届广西钦州市第一中学高三开学摸底】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AgraduationspeechgivenbyChiefJusticeJohnRoberts61.(become)atalkingpointaftert
heWashingtonPostpublishedit.Robertsaddressedhisson'sninthgradegraduatingclass.Headvisedtheyounggraduates62.(take)life'ssetbacks(挫折)intheirstride(
从容地).Buthedidnotwish63.(they)goodluck.“Now,thespeakerswilltypicallyalsowishyougoodluckandextendgood64.(wish)toyou.Iwillnotdothat,andIwillte
llyouwhy,”Robertssaid.“Fromtimetotime,intheyearstocome,Ihopeyouwillbetreated65.(unfair),sothatyouwillcometok
nowthevalueofjustice.Sorrytosay,butIhopeyouwillbelonelyfromtimetotime,sothatyoudon'ttakefriends66.granted.Iwishyoubadluckagain,fromtimetotime,soth
atyouwillbeconsciousoftheroleofchanceinlifeandunderstandyoursuccessisnotcompletelydeservedand67.thefailureofothersisnotcompl
etelydeservedeither.”Hecontinued,“Ihopeyou68.(ignore),soyouknowtheimportanceoflisteningtoothers,69.Ihopeyouwillhavej
ustenoughpaintolearncompassion.”(同情心)Intheend,eachgraduatereceivedapocket-size(袖珍的)copyoftheConstitution70.(sign)byRoberts.【答案】
61.became62.totake/(should)take63.them64.wishes65.unfairly66.for67.that68.willbeignored69.and70.signed【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国最高法院首席法官
JohnRoberts在他儿子毕业典礼上的演讲内容,这篇演讲在刊登后成为大家谈论的焦点。61.考査动词时态。分析句子成分和句子结构可知,句中含有after引导的时间状语从句;设空处是主句的谓语,根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词punished和全文的背景,可知主句中的谓语动词时态也应该用一般过
去时。故填became。62.考査动词不定式或虚拟语气。若把设空句当作简单句,可知此处考查不定式作宾语补足语,advisesb.todosth.,故填totake;若把设空句当作省略了引导词that的宾语从句,则从句应该用虚拟
语气结构(should)+动词原形,故填(should)take。故填totake/(should)take。63.考査代词。句意:但是他并没有祝他们好运。设空处作wish的宾语,所以要用宾格them。故填them。64.考査名词单复数。句意:
此时,演讲者一般会祝你们好运,同时也把美好的祝愿给你们。wish表示对他人的“祝愿、祝福”时往往要用复数形式。故填wishes。65.考査副词用法。分析句子成分可知,设空处修饰动词,修饰动词要用副词形式。故填unfairly。66.考査固定搭配中的介词。句意:虽然抱歉这样说,但是我希望你们偶
尔会感到孤独,这样你们就不会把朋友当作理所当然的事情。根据句意可知,此处考查固定搭配takesb./sthforgranted,意为“认为是……理所当然的”。故填for。67.考査宾语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知,underst
and后是宾语从句,设空处引导的是第二个宾语从句,引导词不能省略;分析宾语从句句子成分可知,从句意思完整,不缺成分,所以要用that引导。故填that。68.考査动词的时态和语态。分析设空句句子成分和句子结构可知,hope后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句,设空处充当从句的谓语
动词;根据全文的内容可知,本句所表达的是对毕业生进入社会后的祝愿,所以要用一般将来时;从句主语you和ignore之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。故填willbeignored。69.考查并列连词。分析句子成分和结构可知,设空处连接两个分句,Ihopey
ou8(ignore)及Ihopeyouwillhavejustenoughpaintolearncompassion.,这两个分句之间是并列关系,所以要用and连接。故填and。70.考査非谓语动词。句
意:最后,每个毕业生都收到了一本由Roberts亲自签名的袖珍的宪法的副本。分析句子成分和结构可知,句中已有谓语动词received,无连词,可知这是一个简单句,所以设空处是非谓语动词;设空处与逻辑主语copyoftheConstitution之间是被动关系,表示
被动要用过去分词形式。故填signed。10.【2020届江西省抚州临川第一中学高三6月实战演练冲刺(二)】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThetraditionalChineselunar
calendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.TheAwakeningofInsects(惊蛰)fallsonMar.6andendsonMar20thisyear.TheAwakeningofInsectssignals41.riseintemperatur
eandincreasedrainfall.Asthethirdsolarterminthelunaryear,42.(it)namesuggeststhefactthatanimalssleepinginwinterareawakenedbyspringthunderandthattheear
thbeginstocomeback43.life.Itisthekeytimeforspringagriculturalactivities.Itisalsoagoodtimeforpeople44.(enjoy)funoutdoors,especiallyforpeoplelivinginth
ecity.Drivingtothesuburbs,45.(fish)inalakeorenjoyingthesingingbirdwillmakeforaperfectweekendinspring.Themost
popularfruitinthisseason46.(be)pears.Thecustomofeatingpearsis47.(wide)practicedaroundtheAwakeningofInsects.Asth
eweathergetswarmerandtheairbecomes48.(dry),peopletendtofeeltheirmouthsandtonguesaredry,49.cancausecoldsorcoughs.A
pearissweet,juicyandcold,moistening(湿润)thelungstoarrestacough.50.,pearsarerecommendedduringtheAwakeningofInsects.【答案】41.a4
2.Its43.to44.toenjoy45.fishing46.is47.widely48.drier49.which50.Therefore【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了24节气中的谷雨,谷雨是春
天当中的最后一个节气,在4月19开始,5月4号结束,谷雨来自一句古老的谚语"雨生百谷",这个时节对农作物的生长很有利。同时文中还介绍了四个有关谷雨的事情。41.考查不定冠词。句意:惊蛰预示着气温的上升和降雨量的增加。rise在此为可数名词,意为“上
升”,这里表示惊蛰时气温的“上升”,故填a。42.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:作为农历的第三个节气,它的名字暗示着冬眠的动物被春雷惊醒,大地万物复苏。its为形容词性物主代词,修饰名词name。故填Its。43.句意:作为农历的第三个节气,它的
名字暗示着冬眠的动物被春雷惊醒,大地万物复苏。固定词组:comebacktolife意为“恢复生机”。故填to。44.考查固定句式。句意:这也是人们享受户外乐趣的好时间,特别是对生活在城市里的人。固定句式:Itistimeforsb.
todosth.,此句式中it为形式主语,不定式做真正的主语。故填toenjoy。45.考查动名词作主语。句意:开车去郊区,在湖里钓鱼,或是欣赏鸟儿的歌唱,这些都是春天完美的周末。在此用动名词和driving
、enjoying并列做主语。故填fishing。46.考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意:这个季节最受欢迎的水果是梨。be在此句中作谓语动词,陈述了一个客观事实,用一般现在时,主语为fruit,单数第三人称,故填is。47.考查副词。句意:吃梨的习俗在惊蛰前后流传甚
广。此处修饰过去分词practiced用副词。故填widely。48.考查形容词比较级。句意:随着天气变暖、空气变干燥,人们往往会感到口腔和舌头干燥,这可能会导致感冒或咳嗽。根据上文中的warmer可知。此处应填
形容词比较级做表语。故填drier。49.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:随着天气变暖、空气变干燥,人们往往会感到口腔和舌头干燥,这可能会导致感冒或咳嗽。此处前面整个句子做先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句做主语,且t
hat不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。50.考查连接性副词。句意:梨味甜,多汁,寒,润肺止咳。因此,惊蛰时节宜吃梨。此空前后句逻辑关系为因果关系,故填连接性副词Therefore。