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MechanicalEngineeringEnglishMechanicalEngineeringEnglishLesson2Manufacturing机械工程专业英语MechanicalEngineeringEnglishIntroduction❖Co

nversations❖Reading❖ExercisesMechanicalEngineeringEnglishMethodTeachingDiscussionSelf-studyingQuestionMechanicalEn

gineeringEnglishBackgroundSituation•Manufacturing•Initsearliestform,manufacturingwasusuallycarriedoutbyasingleskilledartisanwithassistants.T

rainingwasbyapprenticeship.Inmuchofthepre-industrialworldtheguildsystemprotectedtheprivilegesandtradesecretsofurbanartisans.•BeforetheIndustrialRevol

ution,mostmanufacturingoccurredinruralareas,wherehousehold-basedmanufacturingservedasasupplementalsubsistencestrategytoagriculture(andcontinuestodos

oinplaces).Entrepreneursorganizedanumberofmanufacturinghouseholdsintoasingleenterprisethroughtheputti

ng-outsystem.MechanicalEngineeringEnglishTollmanufacturingisanarrangementwherebyafirstfirmwithspecializedequipmentprocessesrawma

terialsorsemi-finishedgoodsforasecondfirm.MechanicalEngineeringEnglishBackground•Modernmanufacturingincludesallinterm

ediateprocessesrequiredfortheproductionandintegrationofaproduct'scomponents.Someindustries,suchassemiconductorandsteelmanufacturersusethetermfabrica

tioninstead.MechanicalEngineeringEnglishBackgroundAccordingtosomeeconomists,manufacturingisawealth-producingsectorofaneconomy,whereas

aservicesectortendstobewealth-consuming.Emergingtechnologieshaveprovidedsomenewgrowthinadvancedmanufacturingemploymentopportunitiesi

ntheManufacturingBeltintheUnitedStates.Manufacturingprovidesimportantmaterialsupportfornationalinfrastructureandfornation

aldefense.MechanicalEngineeringEnglishDialogue1•Mr.King:Doyouhaveanyhobbiesotherthanstudy?•Lily:Oh,Ilikeplayingrugby.Wehaveagreatmen’sr

ugbyteamwhichwonthechampionshipinthe6thNationalCollegeStudents’SportsGame.•Mr.King:Doyouhaveaplanforyourownfuture?•Lily:Ireallycan

notdescribemyownfuturebecausetherearealotofuncertaintiesinthewayofmygrowingup.WhatIshoulddoistomakegooduseofthepr

esentandmakeeverydaycount.•Mr.King:CanyousaysomethingaboutsomeofthefamouslandscapesinShenyang?译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•Lily:

Shenyangisthecenterconcernedwitheconomy,culture,transportation,commerceandtradeofNortheastArea.Itistheimportantplaceofheavymachinei

nChinaandreputedcityofhistoryandculture.Shenyangisthefirstcitytobetheexcellentoneamongsomanyexcellenttradingc

ities.Nowtherearethousandsofculturalrelicsundergroundandabovetheground.Therearemanynaturallandscapesandman-madelandscapes.Thewholeworldisf

ocusingontheEXPOinShenyang.NorthMausoleum，itusedtobethemausoleumofHuangTaiji,EastMausoleum,theotherMausoleumforNu'erHachiandShenY

ang'sImperialPalacehavebeendeclaredasaworldculturalheritage.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•Mr.King:Howisthefoodservedinyourc

ollegedinningrooms？•Lily:TheyofferusawidechoiceoffoodstylesfromSichuanFoodtoGuangdongFood.Drinksandsnacksarealsoservedthere.Me

chanicalEngineeringEnglishDialogueTwo•Mr.King:Whatdoyouthinkoftheinternet?•Lily:Theinternetbringsustheageofinformation.Internetisalteringthestyleof

ourlife.Onlineeducation,onlinecommunicationandonlinebusinessareavailableonthenet.Butitisalsocausingsomeneg

ativeeffectswhileweareenjoyingtheconveniences.•Mr.King:Howistheclimatehere?•Lily:Shenyanghasdistinctfourseasons,conc

entratedrainfallsandsufficientsunshine.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•Mr.King:Canyousaysomethingaboutyourclassma

tesorfriends?•Lily:Zhangxueisahard-workingstudent.Sheisoneofthetopstudentsinourclass.She’stheteacher’sfavorite.Weareclosefriends.Noexamhaseverbothere

dher.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglishNewwords&expressions•rugby['rʌgbi]n.橄榄球•relics['relik]n.遗物，遗迹，遗产，遗体•commerce['kɔmə(:)s]n.商

业,贸易•mausoleum[.mɔ:sə'liəm]n.陵墓•heritage['heritidʒ]n.遗产,继承物•reputed[ri'pju:tid]a.名誉好的,被称为...的,有...名气的•alter['ɔ:ltə]v.改变•

distinct[dis'tiŋkt]a.(from)独特的,不同的,明显的,清楚的MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•produce[prə'dju:s]n.产品,农产品;v.产生,生产,提出•distribute[dis'tribju(:)t]v.分配,

散布•capital['kæpitəl]n.首都,首府,大写字母,资产;a.首都的,重要的•organize['ɔ:gənaiz]vi.组织起来;vt.组织•route[ru:t]n.航线,路线;vt.按路线发送•sche

dule['skedʒjul]n.时间表,一览表,计划;v.安排,计划,预定,编制目录•dispatch[dis'pætʃ]v.派遣;[计算机]分派•layout['lei.aut]n.布局,安排,设计•def

ective[di'fektiv]a.有缺陷的,欠缺;n.有缺陷的人MechanicalEngineeringEnglishTextModernManufacturingEngineering•WhatIsManufacturing•Maybeyou’veneverth

oughtaboutitbefore,butitisallaroundyou.Itaffectseverypartofyourlife.Whatisit?Inthiscase,“it”ismanufactu

ring.Actually“manufacturing”isnotallaroundyou.Butmanufacturedproductsare.Lookaroundyourightnow.Namesomethingsyouseethatweremanufacture

d.Chairs,notebooks,bluejeans,books,floortile,chalkboards,lightbulbs,pencils,eyeglasses—nearlyeverythingaroundyouw

asmanufactured.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•Themanufacturingindustryis•importanttooursociety.It’sessentialtooureconomy.Aneconomyisasy

stemforproducinganddistributingproductsandservices.Manypeopleworkinmanufacturing.Theyhelpproduceprodu

cts.Andtheybuyproductswiththemoneytheyearn.Themoreproductspeoplebuy,themoreproductsaremanufactured.Andthisallowsmorepeo

pletowork.•Manufacturingisalsoimportanttotheeconomyinanotherway.Apieceofmaterialisworthmoreafterit’sbeenchangedintoausefulproduct.That’saddedva

lue.Valueisincreasedbythemanufacturingprocess.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglishModernManufacturingAmanufacturingindustryneedsthreeba

sictypesofresources:Materialresources,Humanresources,Capitalresources.Theelementsofindustryaresevenkeystepsfororganizingproduction:Rese

archandDevelopment,ProductionTooling,ProductionPlanningandControl,QualityControl,PersonnelManagement,Manufacturing;Marketing.R&Distheplanni

ngofnewproducts,processes,ormaterialsandtheimprovementofoldskill.R&Dissuchalarge,importantpartoftheindustrialwo

rldandrequiresmanypeoplewithdifferenttalents.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglishProductionToolingistheelementofindustryconcernedwiththesetools.

ThePTobtainsthetools,machines,andequipmentneededtomakeaproduct.ThemostimportantpartsofProductionPlanningandControlarerouting,scheduling,dispatchin

g,andplanlayout.Themachineryandequipmentmustbearrangedsothatproductioncantakeplacesmoothly,withoutwastedtimeandeffort.译文MechanicalEngineeringEn

glishQualityControlcanbedefinedasthoseactivitieswhichpreventdefectivearticles.Inthiswaymanagementtriestoinsurethataproductwillbeacceptablet

othebuyer.Marketingistheprocessofgettingproductsfrom、thosewhomakethemtothosewhousethemandithelpstodelivertherightkin

dsofgoodstous,intherightformandamount,atthetimeandprice.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglishExercisesIAnswerthefollowingquestion

saccordingtothetext.1.WhatdoesR&Dstandfor?ItstandsforresearchanddevelopmentMechanicalEngineeringEnglish2.Whattypesofresourc

esdoesamanufacturingindustryneed?3.WhatarethemostimportantpartsofProductionPlanningandControl?Amanufacturingindustryneedsthreebasictypesofresourc

es:Materialresources,Humanresources,Capitalresources.ThemostimportantpartsofProductionPlanningandControlar

erouting,scheduling,dispatching,andplanlayout.MechanicalEngineeringEnglish4.Whatisthedefinitionof“marketing”?5.Isabook

printedinabookshoporinaprintinghouse?Marketingistheprocessofgettingproductsfromthosewhomakethemtothosewhousethemandith

elpstodelivertherightkindsofgoodstous,intherightformandamount,atthetimeandprice.Inaprintinghouse.Mech

anicalEngineeringEnglishIIAfterreadingthetext,pleasedecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse.•1.Everythingaroundusismanufacturedproducts.•2.Noma

tterhowsmallorsimpleathingmaybe,itcanbeamanufacturedproduct.•3.Themanufacturingindustryisapartofoureconomy,withoutwhichourlifew

ouldbeveryhard.(F)(T)(T)MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•4.Byeconomyweactuallymeanthesystemforproducinganddistributingproductsandservicesconcer

ned.•5.QualityControlcanbedefinedasthoseactivitieswhichpreventdefectivearticles.(T)(T)MechanicalEngineeringEnglishIIIReadthetwopass

agesandthentrytoputthemintoChinese.Passage1Nomarketsanywhere(forprofitableproducts,atleast)aredomesticanymore,andnoproducerneedbeadomesticp

roduceronly.Theadditionofhighcapacityinformationandcommunicationsystemstoexistingglobaltransportationsyst

emsopenseverymarkettoanyproducerforwhomtheeconomicsisattractive.Furthermore,itisincreasinglyeasytointegratedesign

,production,marketing,anddistributionresourcesdistributedaroundtheworldintoacoherent“virtual”productionfacil

ity译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•Asaresult,everycompanyhasthepotentialforlinkingsomeportionofitscapabilitieswithcomplementar

ycapabilitiesofothercompaniesregardlessoftheirlocation.MechanicalEngineeringEnglishPassage2Thedevelopmentofnortheastindust

rialbaseistheimportanttaskandstrategicpolicyproposedbycentralgovernment,andmeanwhileitisatremendouslysystematicproject.Asthece

ntralcityofnortheastdistrict,ShenyangcitycouncilandcitygovernmentbringsforwardaseriesofplansinthetopicofDevelopNortheast,StartwithShenyang.Th

isarticlesystematicallyexplainstheoverallgoalsachievement,theconditionsandopportunitiestodeveloptheoldindustryinShenyang,

aswellaselaborateshowtoimprovethecoreprofessionalabilityofcollegestudents,inordertoaccomplishthehistoricaltaskstoaccelerate

theeconomicdevelopmentofShenyang.译文MechanicalEngineeringEnglishIVFillintheblankswiththeproperwordsgivenbelow,changingtheformifnecessary.Afle

xiblemanufacturingsystem(FMS)isamanufacturingsysteminwhichthereissomeamountof1thatallowsthesystemtore

actinthe2ofchanges,whetherpredictedor3.Thisflexibilityisgenerallyconsideredtofall4twocategories,whichbothcontainnu

meroussubcategories.producecaseconsistunpredictedasflexibilitymanagefindintolike答案flexibilitycaseunpredictedint

oMechanicalEngineeringEnglishThefirstcategory,machineflexibility,coversthesystem'sabilitytobechangedto5newproducttypes,andabili

tytochangetheorderofoperationsexecutedonapart.Thesecondcategoryiscalledroutingflexibility,which6oftheabilitytousemultiplemac

hinestoperformthesameoperationonapart,aswell7thesystem'sabilitytoabsorblarge-scalechanges,suchasinvolume,capacity,orcapa

bility.ThemainadvantagesofanFMSisitshighflexibilityin8manufacturingresources9timeandeffortinordertomanufacture

anewproduct.ThebestapplicationofanFMS10intheproductionofsmallsetsofproductslikethosefromamassproduction.答案produ

ceconsistsasmanaginglikeisfoundMechanicalEngineeringEnglishTheendThankyou!MechanicalEngineeringEnglishTranslation•对话

1•问：除了学习，你有什么其他爱好吗？•答：我喜欢打橄榄球，我们学校有着一支非常棒的男子橄榄球队，他们赢得了第六届大学生运动会的冠军。•问：你未来有什么打算呢？•答：因为在成长过程中有许多不确定性，所以我无法具

体描述我未来的情况，但是我应该把握现在，做好手中的每一件事情。•问：能向我介绍下沈阳的名胜吗？MechanicalEngineeringEnglishTranslation•答：沈阳是东北地区的经济、文化、交通和商贸中心，中国的工业重镇和历史文化名城。沈阳是首批中

国优秀旅游城市,现有地上、地下文物古迹数千余处,有众多自然景观和人文景观，全球关注2006沈阳世界园艺博览会。沈阳的“一宫两陵”已经申报为世界文化遗产。•问：你们学校的食堂怎样呢？•答：食堂每日供应许多样式的食品，从四川菜到广东菜不等，还有饮料和零食。MechanicalEn

gineeringEnglishTranslation对话2•问：可以告诉我你关于网络的看法吗？•答：因特网带领我们步入信息时代，而且正在改变着我们的生活方式。网络教育、网络聊天以及电子商务都可以通过网络进行。当然在我们享受网络带来便捷的同时，它也带来一些负面的东西。•问：沈阳的气候怎么样？•

答：沈阳市四季分明、降水集中、日照充足。MechanicalEngineeringEnglishTranslation•问：能向我谈谈你的同学或朋友吗？•答：张雪是一个刻苦学习/聪明的学生。她是我们班学习成绩优秀的

学生之一。她是老师的得意门生。我们是很好的朋友，什么考试对她来说都没什么。MechanicalEngineeringEnglishTranslation•什么是制造•这个问题，你以前也许从未思考过，但是制造就在我们周围，而且它影响着我们生活的方方面面。那么，到底什么是制造呢？在

这里“它”说的是制造。说句实在话，在我们的周围所看到的并非“制造”，而是制造出来的产品。请你现在就环顾一下你的周围，说出你所看到的一些制品，如椅子、笔记本、蓝色牛仔裤、黑板、书本、地板砖、灯泡、铅笔、眼镜—在我们的周围，几乎每一样东西都是制造出来的产品。M

echanicalEngineeringEnglishTranslation•制造业对于我们的社会非常重要，在经济中起着重要作用。经济是一个包括产品生产，销售和服务的运转体系。许多人从事制造业的工作，他们生产产品，同时也用他们赚来的钱购买制造出

来的产品。人们买的产品越多，制造的产品也就越多，从事制造业工作的人也就越多。•制造对经济从另一方面讲也非常重要。原材料一旦制造成有用的产品，它将值更多的钱，这就叫附加值。于是，制造过程就为产品增加了附加价值。MechanicalEnginee

ringEnglish•现代制造技术•制造工业需要三种基本类型的资源：物料资源，人力资源，和资本。在组织工业生产中有七种主要步骤：研究与发展,生产工艺,生产计划与控制，质量控制，人事管理，制造技术和市场营销。•研究发展就是对新产品、新材料、新加工方法，以及旧技术提高进行计划和开发。研究发

展是工业化世界中一个重要的、占比重很大的部门，并且需要许多不同潜质的人共同协作。MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•生产工艺是在工业中主要同生产工具有关的一环。生产工艺包括需要加工产品的工具、机械和设备。•生产计划和控制中最重要的

部分是生产线安排、时序安排、生产分工和生产计划规划。机器设备必须安置妥当，以致顺利生产加工，而无浪费时间和效率的现象发生。MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•质量控制可以定义为避免缺陷和次品的行为。在质量控制管理下可确保产品能被买方接受。•市场

营销是将产品从生产者处“交”到用户手中的过程，其以恰当的规格数量，时间和价格为我们准确地传递我们想要的商品，MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•全球制造网络•现在已经不存在仅仅的国内市场，也不存在只需在国内进行生产

的制造者。高能力的信息通讯系统与现存的全球运输系统的结合已经为所有追求利益的制造者打开了每个市场的大门.因此，集合分布在世界各地的设计、制造、销售和运输等资源形成一个“虚拟”的制造企业已经越来越容易。也正因为这样，每个公司都有可能将

自己的一部分与其他无论什么地方的公司连系起来形成互补。MechanicalEngineeringEnglish振兴东北老工业基地，是党中央提出的重大任务和战略决策，也是一项庞大的系统工程，作为东北中心城市的沈阳市委、市政府提出了东北振兴沈阳先行的一系列构想，本文就实现沈阳老工业振兴的总

体目标、条件和机遇以及如何提升高职学生职业核心能力，完成沈阳经济腾飞的历史使命进行了较为系统的论述。MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•Aflexiblemanufacturingsystem(FMS)isamanufacturi

ngsysteminwhichthereissomeamountofflexibilitythatallowsthesystemtoreactinthecaseofchanges,whetherpredictedorunpredicted.Thisflexibilityisge

nerallyconsideredtofallintotwocategories,whichbothcontainnumeroussubcategories.•Thefirstcategory,machineflexibility,coversthesystem'sabilityt

obechangedtoproducenewproducttypes,andabilitytochangetheorderofoperationsexecutedonapart.MechanicalEngineeringEnglish•Thes

econdcategoryiscalledroutingflexibility,whichconsistsoftheabilitytousemultiplemachinestoperformthesameoperationonapart,aswella

sthesystem'sabilitytoabsorblarge-scalechanges,suchasinvolume,capacity,orcapability.•ThemainadvantagesofanFMSisitshighflexibilityinman

agingmanufacturingresourcesliketimeandeffortinordertomanufactureanewproduct.ThebestapplicationofanFMSisfoundintheproductionofsmallsetsofproduct

slikethosefromamassproduction.