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计算机专业英语第一次作业docin/sundae_meng一、Vocabulary(词汇)（一）TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese。(写出下列词组的汉语。）•1.centralp

rocessingunit(CPU)•2.titlebar•3.operatingsystem•4.personalcomputer•5.menubar•6.deskpublishing•7.electr

onicspreadsheet•8.harddisk•9.database•10.cursor1、中央处理单元2、标题栏3、操作系统4、个人计算机5、菜单栏6、桌面排版7、电子表格8、硬盘9、数据库10、光标一、Voca

bulary(词汇)•(二)FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。)•1.随机存储器•2.只读存储器•3.传输控制协议•4.数字视频光盘•5.通用串行总线

•6.计算机辅助设计•7.计算机辅助制造•8.中央处理器1、RAM2、ROM3、TCP4、DVD5、USB6、CAD7、CAM8、CPU一、Vocabulary(词汇)•(三)TranslatethefollowingwordsintoEnglish．(根据汉语写出相应的英语)

•1.键盘——2.鼠标——•3.扫描仪——4.打印机——•5.输入——6.输出——•7.显示器——8.存储器——•9.数据库——10.操作系统——•11.应用软件——•12.字处理器——•13.网络浏览器——k

eyboardscannerinputmonitordatabasemouseprinteroutputstorageoperatingsystemapplicationsoftwarewordprocessorwebbrowser二、Tellwhether

thefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．(判断正误)1.Assoonasyouturnthecomputeroff，thecontentsofRAMwilldisappear

．()2.WindowXPisMicrosoft’smostadvanceddesktopoperatingsystem.()3.Softwarecanbedividedintotwogeneralclasses;systemsoftwareandapplications

oftware.()4.MicrosoftWordXPisamemberofMicrosoftoffice2000.()5.Applicationsoftware(alsocalledend-userprogram)isdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctiondir

ectlyfortheuser．()TTTFT6.Withoutsystemssoftware，applicationsoftwareinacomputerisuseless．()7.WinZip，WinRARandMicrosoft’sInternetExplorerarealldatacomp

ressionsoftware．()8.Worddoesn’thavethefeaturetoaccessingtoWorldWideWeb．()9.Menubardisplaysthenamesoftheapplicationanddocument．()10.WindowsXPisMicroso

ft’smostadvanceddesktopoperatingsystem．()TFFFF三、Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleftcolumnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintheright

column．(连线题)(一)•1.centralprocessingunit(CPU)a．操作系统•2.hardwareb．输入•3.RAM(randomaccessmemory)c．只读存储器•4.ROM(read—o

nlymemory)d．应用软件•5.inpute．中央处理器•6.outputf．系统软件•7.operatingsystemg．硬件•8.applicationsoftwareh．随机存储器•9.systemsoftwarei．内存•10.memoryj．

输出1.e2.g3.h4.c5.b6.j7.a8.d9.f10.i(二)1.binarysystema．aninputdevice2.printerb．acompressionsoftware3.MicrosoftWordc．

anoperatingsystem4.Winzipd.anumberingsystembasedonthe0and15.InternetExplorer．e．apartofMicrosoftwordinterface6.mousef．anelectronicspreadsheet7.

MicrosoftExcelg．anoutputdevice8.DOSh．awordprocessor9.titlebari．awebbrowser1.d2.g3.h4.b5.i6.a7.f8.c9.e四、Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpr

essionsfromthelistgivenbelow，andchangetheformwherenecessary．(从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空heart,resultin,speed,

component,determineThecentralprocessingunit（CPU）istheofthecomputersystems.Amongotherthings，itsconfigurationwhetheracomputerisfastorslowinr

elationtoothercomputers．TheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystem,responsiblefordirectingmostofthecomputersystemactivitiesbasedonth

einstructionsprovided.Asonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext，thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecome

smallerandsmaller，whileitsandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendously．Indeed，thesechangeshavemicrocomputerstha

taresmallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap.heartdeterminescomponentspeedresultedin•Wordprocessor，，Databaseareallapplications

oftware.Wordprocessor,aspecialprogramcanenableacomputerusertocreatea_____,storeitona_______,displayitonascreen，eve

nprintitona________.Thesoftwaresuchas_________,WPS,StarOfficearewordprocessors．Spreadsheetisdifferentfromasimpletable,

forwhose______havepredefinedrelationshiptoeachother，andeachofthemsitsina_______.Amongthespreadsheetapplications，lotus1-2-3and_______

_______arethemostfamous.Toaccessinformationfromadatabase，thecomputeruserneedaSpreadsheetMicrosoftwordprinterDBMSdiskcellvalueMi

crosoftExceldocumentspreadsheetdocumentdiskprinterMicrosoftwordvaluecellMicrosoftExcelDBMS(databasemanageme

ntsystem)•MicrosoftwordXPisthecurrentWindowversionofWord，anddocumentscreatedinword?canbeeasilyExcel，PowerPointandAccessfiles．Intheint

erfaceofWord,thedisplaysthenameofthecurrentapplicationandnameofthecurrentdocument；theliststhenamesofthemenusavailable；thegivest

heuserquickaccesstofrequentlyusededitingfunctions；theenablestheusertochangeleftandright.marginstandardtoolbarrulertitlebarmenubarincorporate…intoinco

rporatedintotitlebarmenubarstandardtoolbarrulermargins五.Translation(翻译)•(一)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese．(

将下列句子翻译成汉语。)•1.Mostmicrocomputerprintersprintonecharacteratatime，usuallyatratesVaryingfrom30toperhaps180characte

rsperseconds.•2.WindowsXPhasawiderangeofentertainmentfeaturesandmultimediasupportdesignedtofullyintegratedigitalmediaintothePC．译：大多数微行打印机每次只能打印一

个字符，速率通常为每秒30个至180个字符之间。译：WindowsXP具有很多娱乐性能，并支持多媒体技术，将数字媒体集成于PC之中。•3.Anapplicationsoftwareisanyprogramdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctiond

irectlyfortheuseror，insomecases，foranotherapplicationprogram．•4.Awordprocessorenablesyoutocreateadocument，storeitelectronicallyona

disk，displayitonascreen，modifyitbyenteringcommandsandcharactersfromthekeyboard，andprintitonaprinter．•5.ThereareseveralapplicationscalledWebbrowsers

thatmakeiteasytoaccesstheWorldWideWeb，twoofthemostpopularbeingNetscapeNavigatorandMicrosoft’sInternetExplorer．译：应用软件是直接为用户设计的具有专门功能的软件，或在某些情况下

，为另一种应用程序设计的软件。译：一个字处理器能够使你创建文档，并将其存在磁盘上，在屏幕上显示，通过从键盘上键入命令和字符对其进行修改，然后打印。译：有一些叫做网络浏览器的应用软件可以使我们访问万维网，其中两个比较流行的是

NetscapeNavigator和Microsoft’sInternetExplorer。•6．Spreadsheetapplicationsarecomputerprogramsthatletyoucreateandmanipulatespreadsheets．•7．Wordof

fersmanyfeatures，includingdesktoppublishingandaccesstotheWorldWideWeb．•8．Asyoucreateaspecificdocument，suchasabusinesslet

terorresume，Wordprovideswizards，whichaskquestionsandthenuseyouranswerstoformatthedocumentbeforeyoutypethetextofthedocument．译：电子表格软件是能够使你创建和操纵电子表格的计算

机程序。译：Word提供很多功能，包括桌面排版和访问万维网。译：当创建一个文件时，如一封商业信函或一份简历时，Word会提供向导，它先提出一些问题，然后在输入文字之前，根据你的回答规定该文件的格式。•9．Usersoftensavetheirworkfrequentlyonto

nonvolatilesecondarystoragedevicessuchasdiskettesorharddisks．•10．WheneaitinginWord，ausercanchangeleftandright

marginswiththeRuler．译：用户常常把他们的工作成果保存到稳定的辅助存储器设备中，比如磁盘或硬盘。译：当编辑Word文档时，用户可以通过标尺改变左右边距。(二)TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChi

nese．(将下列各段翻译成汉语）。•1．Thecentralprocessingunit(CPU)istheheartofthecomputersystems．Amongotherthings，itsconfigurationdetermineswhetheracomputerisfastor

slowinrelationtoothercomputers．TheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystemcomponent，responsiblefordirectingm

ostofthecomputersystemactivitiesbasedontheinstructionsprovided．Asonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext，thephysicalsizeoftheC

PUhasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller，whileitsspeedandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendously．Indeed，thesechangeshaveresultedinmic

rocomputersthataresmallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap．•译：中央处理器(CPU)是计算机系统的心脏。一台计算机相对于其他计算机的速度是快还是慢，除了别的因素外，CPU的配置起

着决定的作用。CPU是最复杂的计算机系统设备，它根据提供的指令负责指挥协调计算机系统的全部活动。当老一代计算机被新的一代计算机代替的时候，CPU的实际尺寸往往变得越来越小，而其速度和能力却增加了许多。这种变化

的结果就使得微机缩小得可以放在桌上或腿上。•2.Personalcomputersoftwareisbasedonspecificoperatingsystemsandmachines．Operatingsystemssoftwaredefinest

he‘personality’ofthecomputerbyspecifyingthewayinwhichprogramsarecontrolled，filesarestoredandretrieved，andhowthesystem’shardwarecomponentsandheldtog

ether．SoftwarewrittentorunonaspecificPCoperatingsystemcan’trunonanother．TousePCseffectively，onemustunderstandthecapabilitiesoft

heiroperatingsystemssoftware．•译：个人计算机软件建立于特定的操作系统和计算机。操作系统软件通过一系列措施定义了计算机的性能，包括如何控制程序执行、文件如何存储和读取、系统硬件组件如何管理等。基于某一特定的P

C操作系统编写的软件不能用于其他操作系统。为了有效利用PC机，用户必须了解操作系统的特性。•3．Anapplicationsoftware(alsocalledend-userprogram)isanyprogramdesignedtoperformaspec

ificfunctiondirectlyfortheuseror，insomecases，foranotherapplicationprogram．Examplesofapplicationsoftwareincludewordprocessors；databas

eprograms；Webbrowsers；developmenttools；drawing，paint，andimageeditingprograms；andcommunicationprograms

．Figurativelyspeaking，applicationsoftwaresitsontopofsystemsoftwarebecauseitisunabletorunwithouttheoperatingsystemandsystemsoftware．•译：应用软件

（又称作终端用户程序）是直接为用户设计的具有专门功能的软件，或在某些情况下，为另一种应用程序设计的软件，应用软件的例子有：字处理器，数据库程序，网络浏览器，开发工具，绘图和图像编辑程序，通信程序等。比喻地说，应用软件坐

在系统软件的上面，这是因为如果没有操作系统和系统公用程序应用软件将不能运行。