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计算机专业英语第一次作业docin/sundae_meng一、Vocabulary(词汇)（一）TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese。(写出下列词组的汉语。）•1.centralprocessingun

it(CPU)•2.titlebar•3.operatingsystem•4.personalcomputer•5.menubar•6.deskpublishing•7.electronicspreadsheet•8.harddisk•9.database•

10.cursor1、中央处理单元2、标题栏3、操作系统4、个人计算机5、菜单栏6、桌面排版7、电子表格8、硬盘9、数据库10、光标一、Vocabulary(词汇)•(二)Fillintheblankswiththecorrespon

dingEnglishabbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。)•1.随机存储器•2.只读存储器•3.传输控制协议•4.数字视频光盘•5.通用串行总线•6.计算机辅助设计•7.计算机辅助制造•8.中央处理器1、

RAM2、ROM3、TCP4、DVD5、USB6、CAD7、CAM8、CPU一、Vocabulary(词汇)•(三)TranslatethefollowingwordsintoEnglish．(根据汉语写

出相应的英语)•1.键盘——2.鼠标——•3.扫描仪——4.打印机——•5.输入——6.输出——•7.显示器——8.存储器——•9.数据库——10.操作系统——•11.应用软件——•12.字处理器——•13.网络浏览器——keyboardscannerinputmo

nitordatabasemouseprinteroutputstorageoperatingsystemapplicationsoftwarewordprocessorwebbrowser二、Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orf

alse(F)．(判断正误)1.Assoonasyouturnthecomputeroff，thecontentsofRAMwilldisappear．()2.WindowXPisMicrosoft’smostadvanceddesk

topoperatingsystem.()3.Softwarecanbedividedintotwogeneralclasses;systemsoftwareandapplicationsoftware.

()4.MicrosoftWordXPisamemberofMicrosoftoffice2000.()5.Applicationsoftware(alsocalledend-userprogram)isdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctio

ndirectlyfortheuser．()TTTFT6.Withoutsystemssoftware，applicationsoftwareinacomputerisuseless．()7.WinZip，WinRARandMicrosoft’sInternetExplorera

realldatacompressionsoftware．()8.Worddoesn’thavethefeaturetoaccessingtoWorldWideWeb．()9.Menubardisplaysthenamesoftheapplicati

onanddocument．()10.WindowsXPisMicrosoft’smostadvanceddesktopoperatingsystem．()TFFFF三、Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleft

columnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintherightcolumn．(连线题)(一)•1.centralprocessingunit(CPU)a．操作系统•2.hardwareb．输入•3.RAM(randomaccessme

mory)c．只读存储器•4.ROM(read—onlymemory)d．应用软件•5.inpute．中央处理器•6.outputf．系统软件•7.operatingsystemg．硬件•8.applicat

ionsoftwareh．随机存储器•9.systemsoftwarei．内存•10.memoryj．输出1.e2.g3.h4.c5.b6.j7.a8.d9.f10.i(二)1.binarysystema．aninputdevice2.printerb．acompressionso

ftware3.MicrosoftWordc．anoperatingsystem4.Winzipd.anumberingsystembasedonthe0and15.InternetExplorer．e．apartofMicrosoftword

interface6.mousef．anelectronicspreadsheet7.MicrosoftExcelg．anoutputdevice8.DOSh．awordprocessor9.titlebari．awebbrowser1.d2.g3.h4

.b5.i6.a7.f8.c9.e四、Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpressionsfromthelistgivenbelow，andchangetheformwhere

necessary．(从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空heart,resultin,speed,component,determineThecentralprocessingunit（CPU）istheofthecomputersystems.Amongotherth

ings，itsconfigurationwhetheracomputerisfastorslowinrelationtoothercomputers．TheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystem,responsiblefordirectingmost

ofthecomputersystemactivitiesbasedontheinstructionsprovided.Asonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext，thephysicalsizeofth

eCPUhasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller，whileitsandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendously．Indeed，thesechangeshavemicrocomputersthataresmalleno

ughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap.heartdeterminescomponentspeedresultedin•Wordprocessor，，Databaseareallapplicationsoftware.Wordprocessor,aspecialpr

ogramcanenableacomputerusertocreatea_____,storeitona_______,displayitonascreen，evenprintitona________.Thesoftwaresuchas______

___,WPS,StarOfficearewordprocessors．Spreadsheetisdifferentfromasimpletable,forwhose______havepredefinedrelation

shiptoeachother，andeachofthemsitsina_______.Amongthespreadsheetapplications，lotus1-2-3and______________arethemostfamous.To

accessinformationfromadatabase，thecomputeruserneedaSpreadsheetMicrosoftwordprinterDBMSdiskcellvalueMicro

softExceldocumentspreadsheetdocumentdiskprinterMicrosoftwordvaluecellMicrosoftExcelDBMS(databasemanagement

system)•MicrosoftwordXPisthecurrentWindowversionofWord，anddocumentscreatedinword?canbeeasilyExcel，PowerPointandAccessfiles．Intheinterf

aceofWord,thedisplaysthenameofthecurrentapplicationandnameofthecurrentdocument；theliststhenamesofthemenusavailable；theg

ivestheuserquickaccesstofrequentlyusededitingfunctions；theenablestheusertochangeleftandright.marginstandardtoolbarrulertitle

barmenubarincorporate…intoincorporatedintotitlebarmenubarstandardtoolbarrulermargins五.Translation(翻译)•(一)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoCh

inese．(将下列句子翻译成汉语。)•1.Mostmicrocomputerprintersprintonecharacteratatime，usuallyatratesVaryingfrom30toperhaps180charactersperseconds.•2.Windo

wsXPhasawiderangeofentertainmentfeaturesandmultimediasupportdesignedtofullyintegratedigitalmediaintothePC．译：大多数微行打印机每次只能打印一个字

符，速率通常为每秒30个至180个字符之间。译：WindowsXP具有很多娱乐性能，并支持多媒体技术，将数字媒体集成于PC之中。•3.Anapplicationsoftwareisanyprogramdesignedtoperfo

rmaspecificfunctiondirectlyfortheuseror，insomecases，foranotherapplicationprogram．•4.Awordprocessorenablesyoutocreateadocu

ment，storeitelectronicallyonadisk，displayitonascreen，modifyitbyenteringcommandsandcharactersfromthekeyboard，andprintit

onaprinter．•5.ThereareseveralapplicationscalledWebbrowsersthatmakeiteasytoaccesstheWorldWideWeb，twoof

themostpopularbeingNetscapeNavigatorandMicrosoft’sInternetExplorer．译：应用软件是直接为用户设计的具有专门功能的软件，或在某些情况下，为另一种应用程序设计的软件。译：一个字处理器

能够使你创建文档，并将其存在磁盘上，在屏幕上显示，通过从键盘上键入命令和字符对其进行修改，然后打印。译：有一些叫做网络浏览器的应用软件可以使我们访问万维网，其中两个比较流行的是NetscapeNavigator和Microsoft’sInternetExplorer。•6．

Spreadsheetapplicationsarecomputerprogramsthatletyoucreateandmanipulatespreadsheets．•7．Wordoffersmanyfeatures，includingdesktoppublishingandaccesstoth

eWorldWideWeb．•8．Asyoucreateaspecificdocument，suchasabusinessletterorresume，Wordprovideswizards，whichaskquestio

nsandthenuseyouranswerstoformatthedocumentbeforeyoutypethetextofthedocument．译：电子表格软件是能够使你创建和操纵电子表格的计算机程序。译：Word提供很多功能，包括桌面

排版和访问万维网。译：当创建一个文件时，如一封商业信函或一份简历时，Word会提供向导，它先提出一些问题，然后在输入文字之前，根据你的回答规定该文件的格式。•9．Usersoftensavetheirworkfreque

ntlyontononvolatilesecondarystoragedevicessuchasdiskettesorharddisks．•10．WheneaitinginWord，ausercanchangeleftandrightmarginswiththeRuler．译：用户常常把

他们的工作成果保存到稳定的辅助存储器设备中，比如磁盘或硬盘。译：当编辑Word文档时，用户可以通过标尺改变左右边距。(二)TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese．(将下列各段翻译成汉语）。•1．

Thecentralprocessingunit(CPU)istheheartofthecomputersystems．Amongotherthings，itsconfigurationdetermineswhetheracomputerisfastorslowinrelati

ontoothercomputers．TheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystemcomponent，responsiblefordirectingmostofthecomputer

systemactivitiesbasedontheinstructionsprovided．Asonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext，thephysica

lsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller，whileitsspeedandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendously．Indeed，thesechangeshaveresultedinmicrocomputersthatare

smallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap．•译：中央处理器(CPU)是计算机系统的心脏。一台计算机相对于其他计算机的速度是快还是慢，除了别的因素外，CPU的配置起着决定的作用

。CPU是最复杂的计算机系统设备，它根据提供的指令负责指挥协调计算机系统的全部活动。当老一代计算机被新的一代计算机代替的时候，CPU的实际尺寸往往变得越来越小，而其速度和能力却增加了许多。这种变化的结果就使得微机缩小得可以放在桌上或腿上。•2.Pe

rsonalcomputersoftwareisbasedonspecificoperatingsystemsandmachines．Operatingsystemssoftwaredefinesthe‘personality’ofthecomputerbyspecifyingthewayi

nwhichprogramsarecontrolled，filesarestoredandretrieved，andhowthesystem’shardwarecomponentsandheldtogether．Softwarew

rittentorunonaspecificPCoperatingsystemcan’trunonanother．TousePCseffectively，onemustunderstandthecapabilitiesoftheiroperatingsystemssoftware．•

译：个人计算机软件建立于特定的操作系统和计算机。操作系统软件通过一系列措施定义了计算机的性能，包括如何控制程序执行、文件如何存储和读取、系统硬件组件如何管理等。基于某一特定的PC操作系统编写的软件不能用于其他操作系统。

为了有效利用PC机，用户必须了解操作系统的特性。•3．Anapplicationsoftware(alsocalledend-userprogram)isanyprogramdesignedtoperformaspecificfunctiondirectlyforth

euseror，insomecases，foranotherapplicationprogram．Examplesofapplicationsoftwareincludewordprocessors；databaseprograms；Webbrowsers；developm

enttools；drawing，paint，andimageeditingprograms；andcommunicationprograms．Figurativelyspeaking，applicationsoftwaresitsontop

ofsystemsoftwarebecauseitisunabletorunwithouttheoperatingsystemandsystemsoftware．•译：应用软件（又称作终端用户程序）是直接为用户设计的具有专门功能的软件，或在某些情况下，为另一种应

用程序设计的软件，应用软件的例子有：字处理器，数据库程序，网络浏览器，开发工具，绘图和图像编辑程序，通信程序等。比喻地说，应用软件坐在系统软件的上面，这是因为如果没有操作系统和系统公用程序应用软件将不能运行。