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3280EastFoothillBoulevardPasadena,California91107USA(626)795-9101Fax(626)795-0184e-mail:service@opticalres.comWorldWi

deWeb:http://www.opticalres.comSection5PerformanceEvaluationIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Types

ofPerformanceEvaluations•Displayfeatures–Usedtovisualizeandcharacterizetheopticalsystem–Usedtocommunica

teinformationtoothers•Diagnosticanalyses–Usedprimarilybythedesigner–Aberrationanalyses(first-andthird-order,rayfans,etc.)–Singleraytracing•Ge

ometricalandDiffraction-basedImageevaluations–Simulatefinaluse(ofinteresttodesignerandcustomer)–Compareto

specifications–Geometricalorwavebased–MTF,PSF,encircledenergy,RMSwavefronterror,etc.•SystemandOtherevaluations–Maybeofinteresttodesigner,other

engineers,andcustomer–Cost,weight,transmission,ghostimages,Narcissus,etc.–Illuminationanalysis–Toleran

cingIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›DisplayMenuOptions•VIEViewLens,comprehensivefeatu

retoallowtheplottingofopticalsystemsincross-section,as3Dperspectiveviews,etc.,withmanyoptions•SLDSolidModeling,supportsasolidmodelrasterimagedispl

ayoftheopticalsystem.(Soontobereplacedbyanenhanced3DVisualizationfeatureinCODEV9.40)•ELEElementDrawings,providesabilitytocreatelenselementdrawings

intheCODEVstandardformat,ISO10110format(ISOPLOTmacro),orChineseNationalformat(CHINAPLOTmacro)•LISListLensD

ata,providesameanstocreateatextlistingofall,orasubset,oflensparameterinformationIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide

5-‹#›SampleofDisplayOutputIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›UsefulSuppliedMacroforVIE•Th

eVIEWLENS(VIE)optionisveryflexible,buttheflexibilitycanmaketheinputdialogcomplex•IntheCV_MACRO:directory,ORAprovidesthesamplemacroQU

ICKVIEW.SEQ,thatallowssimplifiedinputofthemostcommonlyusedVIEchoices:IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›DiagnosticAnalysisOptions:Anal

ysis>Diagnostics•FIOParaxialRayTraceofmarginalandchiefray.Usefulforunderstanding1storderpropertiesofthesystem•RSI/SIN

RealRayTraceofarbitraryrays.Oneofthemostusefuldiagnosticfeaturesinanyopticaldesign/analysissoftware•BEAGaussianBeam

Traceofspotsizeandorientation,wavefrontcurvatureandorientation,waistsizeandlocation.Usefulforphotonicssystems,orlasersources

•THOThirdOrderAberrations,computationofSeidelaberrations;typicallythirdorderaberrationsdominantthedesign•FORDERFifthOrderAberrations,compu

tationof3rd,5th,and7thordertransverseorwavefrontaberrations,viamacro•ANAFirst/ThirdOrderAnalysis,withchromati

cdifferences,higher-order,fullraytraceforallreferencerays•RIMRayAberrationCurves(transverseorOPD).Usefulgrap

hicaldiagnosticofaberrationcontent•FIEFieldCurves:astigmatismanddistortion,scanlinearity,longitudinalsphericalaberration,chromaticdifferences

IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›DiagnosticAnalysisOptions:Analysis>Diagnostics(2)•DISTDistortionGrid:Macrotoplotrefe

rencerectilineargridacrossthefieldofviewandcorrespondingactualimagegrid,displayingsystemdistortion•LATCOLORLater

alcolorplotmacrotocomputethelateralcolorofthesystembasedonrealraytracing•PMAPupilMapdisplayofOPDsorintensityacrossthepupil,fitofpupi

lOPDmapstoZernikepolynomials.IdealdiagnosticforFFT-baseddiffractionoptions•FMAFieldMapdisplayofdistortion,spotsize,wavefronterror,Zer

nikecoefficients,orBraggefficiencyacrosstheFOV.Idealdiagnosticfortiltedanddecenteredsystems•FOOFootprintofopticalraybundlesonsurfaces.Idealdiagn

osticforaperturesizingandclearancedeterminations•CATCatseyePlotofapertures/obstructionsasprojectedontopupil•FOVBiocularFOVPlotfromdifferenteyeposit

ions.SpecialtyanalysisforvisualinstrumentsorHUDsutilizingbotheyesIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FifthO

rderAberrations•SelectAnalysis>Diagnostics>FifthOrderAberrations•List3rd,5th,and7thorderaberrationsintermsoftran

sverseaberrationsorwavefrontaberrationsIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›RayAberrationPlots:RIMOpti

on•SelectAnalysis>Diagnostics>RayAberrationCurves–Orusethetoolbarbutton:•PlotoftransverseorOPDrayaberrationvs.pupilposition•Plotsh

owsdeviationsfromthechiefrayattheimageplaneinXandYIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›TypicalR

imrayCurves-0.05000.0500DefocusThird-ordersphericalComa-0.05000.0500-0.05000.0500Astigmatism-0.05000.

0500IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FieldAberrations:FIEOption•SelectAnalysis>Diagnostics>FieldCurves–O

rusethetoolbarbutton:–Tableandplotofastigmatismanddistortionvs.field–Forafocalsystems,canlisttheseindioptersRELATIVEANGLEX-FOCUSY-FOCUSX-FOCU

SY-FOCUSDISTORTIONFIELDHEIGHT(DEG)ATTHEIMAGESURFACE(DISPLACEDBY0.028933)(PERCENT)0.000.00-0.028933-0.0289330.0000000.0000000.000000.102

.08-0.037182-0.028489-0.0082490.0004440.009140.204.16-0.061446-0.027324-0.0325130.0016100.036910.306.23-0.100283-0.026215-0.0713490.002719

0.084320.408.28-0.151292-0.026981-0.1223590.0019530.153160.5010.31-0.211126-0.033353-0.182193-0.004420

0.246040.6012.32-0.275480-0.052407-0.246546-0.0234740.366570.7014.29-0.339068-0.096802-0.310135-0.0678690.519580.8016.23-0.395560-0.188305-0.366

627-0.1593720.711520.9018.14-0.437445-0.363345-0.408512-0.3344110.950981.0020.00-0.455803-0.681918-0.426870-0.65

29851.24963•Optionallycanalsooutputlongitudinalsphericalaberrationorscanlinearity(deviationsfromf-thetad

istortion)IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FieldAberrationPlotLONGITUDINALSPHERICALABER.FOCUS(MILLIMETERS

)1.000.750.500.25-0.2-0.10.00.10.2ASTIGMATICFIELDCURVESANGLE(deg)ST20.0015.2710.315.20-0.8-0.40.00.40.8FOCUS(MILLIMETERS)DISTORTION

ANGLE(deg)20.0015.2710.315.20-2-1012%DISTORTIONCookeTripletf/4.5656.3NM546.1NM486.1NMIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slid

e5-‹#›PupilMap:PMAOption•SelectAnalysis>Diagnostics>PupilMap•MainoutputisalistandoptionalplotoftheOPDacro

ssthepupil–Separateoutputsforeachwavelength,field,andzoomposition–AlsoliststheRMSofthebasicdataandtheRMSafterremovingtiltandafterrem

ovingtiltandfocuserror•OPDdatacanbeconvertedtoZernikepolynomialsandcanbesavedasinterferograms•PupilintensityoutputcanreplaceOPD

–Measureofpupilaberration•Outputcanalsobephaseacrossthepupil–Usefulinpolarizationstudies•Outputcanalsoshowsurfaceswhe

rethepupilisclippedIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›PupilMapOPDListingFIELD(X,Y)=(0.00,0.69)MAX,(0.00,14.00)

DEG587.6NM117415x14Waveaberrationsinhundredthsofwavelength587.6NMRMS=0.883wavesP-V=4.113wavesSUMOFVALUES=8929.7891011121314151617181920

21222324252610-75-74-74-74-75113426145151426341211694684530253045689411613179151114784931253149781141511791422620

31601147342231623427311416020322615241205155106643314714336410615520524116237197146975626828265697146

1972371721918113488502260622508813418121918188160119794621616214679119160188191411289967391861618396799128141206878654525100-3010254565786821-295-4

-13-18-21-18-13-459-222-88-69-63-61-62-62-62-61-63-69-8823-170-155-147-145-147-155-170RMSWaveaberrationShiftofnominalimage(waves)poi

nt(mm)(FIT)XYFocusNone0.883(P-V=4.113)Tilt0.8220.000000-0.003866Tilt/Focus0.8070.000000-0.017298-0.057160IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Sli

de5-‹#›PupilMapOPDPlottedOutputPOSITION1WAVEABERRATIONDoubleGauss-U.S.Patent2,532,751WAVELENGTH:587.56NMFLD(0.00,1.00)

MAX,(0.0,10.0)DEGDEFOCUSING:0.000000MMCONTOURINTERVAL:0.60WAVESMIN/MAX:-0.12/6.7648108168228288348408468528588648DoubleGauss-U.S.Pa

tent2,532,751POSITION110WavesWAVEABERRATIONFIELDANGLE-Y:10.00DEGREESX:0.00DEGREESDEFOCUSING:0.000000MMWAVELENGTH:587.56NMHORIZONTALWIDTH

REPRESENTSGRIDSIZE64X64IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›PupilMapOPDPlottedasInterferogramWaves0.00001.00000.5000W

AVEFRONTABERRATIONDoubleGauss-U.S.Patent2,532,751Field=(0.000,10.00)DegreesWavelength=587.6nmDefocusing=0.000000mmIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall

2003,Slide5-‹#›FieldMap:FMAOption•SelectAnalysis>Diagnostics>FieldMap•FMAisusedtocreateafull-fielddisplayofvariousperform

ancemeasures–Geometricaldistortion(chiefrayorcalibrated)–PSFbaseddistortion(centroidorcalibrated)–RMSspotsize–RMSw

avefronterror–Astigmatism–Zernikepolynomialcoefficientsofwavefront•Idealdiagnosticforsystemswithtilted&dec

enteredcomponentsIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FieldMapPlotsIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FootprintPlot:F

OOOption•ChooseAnalysis>Diagnostics>FootprintPlot•FOOcalculatesthesurfacefootprintsofeachfieldandzoompositionforeachspecifiedsurfa

ce–Forspeed,thecomputationisatthereferencewavelengthonly•Thesefootprintsareplottedintheirproperlocationonthes

urface,allowingyoutoseeataglancetheneededsizeandshapeofthesurface•Thefootprintscanbeplottedasoutlinesofeachfield,orasgridsofrays(essentiallyspo

tdiagrams)•Theoutlineofthecombinedeffectofalldefinedaperture(s)onthesurfacecanbeplottedwithDAP(SpecialCo

ntrolstab,DrawApertureLimits)•FOOalsooutputstheprojectedareaforeachfield•ThiscanbeveryusefulforilluminationcalculationsIntroductiontoCO

DEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FootprintExamplecomputefootprintonfoldmirrorFoldMirrorSURFACE1210.0MMX=0.000Y=0.000Introduct

iontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Workshop5-1:DistortionAnalysis1.RestoretheFisheyelens(NewLensWizard,CODEVSamples,

fisheye.len).Changethemaximumfieldangleto60°intheNLWandsetthevignettingintheLDM(Lens>Calculate>SetVignettingData).Drawthelens.InCODEV,the

imagesurfaceisdrawntocovertheGaussian(paraxial)imageheight.Notethelastfieldiswellwithintheedgeoftheimage;thisi

sindicativeofalargeamountofnegativedistortion.2.ComputeandplotthedistortionwiththeFIEoption(Analysis>Diagnostics>FieldCurves).3.Getafullfieldmap

ofthedistortionwiththeFMAoption(Analysis>Diagnostics>FieldMap).SelectDistortionfromthedropdownlist.TryitagainwithCalibratedDisto

rtion.Whatisthedifference?4.Getaplotofthedistortedimage(Analysis>Diagnostics>DistortionGrid).Use60fortheXFOVsemi-fieldvalue.Thisshowstheactual

distortedimageontheimageplane.NotethatthisplotisnotactuallypartofCODEV,butratherrunsamacro(cv_macro:dist.seq).IntroductiontoCODE

VTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›GeometricalImageEvaluationOptions:Analysis>Geometrical•SPOSpotDiagramvs.fieldandthrough-focus•QUAQuadrantAnaly

sisshowingenergyonquadrantdetectorvs.scan.Usefulfortrackingsystems,photometers.•RADRadialEnergyAnalysislistin

gpercentenergyinspotdiameters.•GDEGeometricalDetectorAnalysisofenergyvs.position.Usefulfortrackingsystems,photometers.•GLSGeometricalLin

eSpreadFunctionandedgetracevs.scan•MTFModulationtransferfunctionvs.frequencyandthrough-focus•BIOBiocularAnalysis:divergence,convergence,ord

ipvergencefordifferenteyepositions(SpecialtyanalysisforvisualinstrumentsorHUDsutilizingbotheyes)IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-

‹#›SpotDiagram:SPOOption•SelectAnalysis>Geometrical>SpotDiagram–OruseQuickSpottoolbar•Tracesarectangulargridac

rosstheentrancepupilandplotstherays'imageintersections•Thedefaultistotraceabout316raystotaloverallwavelengths–T

hiscanbechangedwithNRD–WTWcontrolsthenumberofraysplottedforeachwavelength•Outputisplotplustabularsummaryofce

ntroidsandRMSspotsizes–Recommendedtosetthenumberofraysacrossthediameterto>50formoreaccurateRMSspotsizes0.000,0.000DG0.00,0.000.000,10.00DG0.00,0.710

.000,14.00DG0.00,1.00FIELDPOSITIONDEFOCUSING0.00000DoubleGauss-U.S.Patent2,532,751.635E-01MMIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#

›UsefulSuppliedMacrosforSPO•ChooseTools>Macro…SampleMacros>GeometricalAnalysis–SPOT2D.SEQwillcreatea2-Darrayofsp

otdiagramsrepresentingspotsacrossthefieldofview–SPOTDET.SEQwillsuperimposeadetectororAirydiskpatternonthespotdiagram–LUMSPOT.SEQusesCODEV

’silluminationanalysisfeaturetocreateafalsecolorspotdiagramIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›RadialEnergyAna

lysis:RADOption•SelectAnalysis>Geometrical>RadialEnergyAnalysis•Findsdiameterofcirclewhichcontainsagivenpercentoftheenergy–Adjustscenter

sofcirclestominimizediameterSPOTDIAMETERSDoubleGaussFOCUS---0.00000FIELD(X,Y)PCT(0.00,0.00)MAX(0.0,0.0)DEG100.00750200.0

2110300.03632400.05241500.06129600.07322700.08421800.08940900.100961000.13372IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›RADPlottedOutpu

tDEFOCUSING0.00000DoubleGauss-U.S.Patent2,532,751DIAMETEROFCIRCLE(MM)ENCIRCLEDENERGY0.0E+003.9E-027.8E-021.2E-011.6E-011.9E-012.3E-012.7E-0

13.1E-013.5E-013.9E-010.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.0(0.000,0.000)DEGREES(0.000,10.00)DEGREES(0.000,14.00)DEGREESIntroductiontoCODEVTrain

ing,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Diffraction-basedImageEvaluationOptions:Analysis>Diffraction•MTFModulationtransferfunctionvs.frequ

encyandthrough-focus•PSFPointSpreadFunction(imageofapointobject)•LSFLineSpreadFunctionandedgetrace(1DintegralsofPSF).Usefulf

ordeviceswithslits.•WAVWavefrontAnalysisofRMSwavefronterrorandbestfocusdetermination.Helpfultodetermineifsystemisd

iffraction-limited.•PARPartialCoherence,analyzes1Dor2Daerialimagestructureunderilluminationrangingfromincoherenttofullycoherent(primarilyformicro-lit

hographic)systems•BPRGeneraldiffractionBeamPropagation,oftenforfreespacephotonicssystems.•CEFFiberCouplingEf

ficiencyintosingle-modefibers•FMA*BraggDiffractionEfficiency,computesthediffractionefficiencyforavolumehologram(*FMAoptionwithoutFFDsub-command

)IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›ModulationTransferFunction:MTFOption•SelectAnalysis>Diffraction>MTF•Computespolychromaticfrequ

encyresponsetosinewave(oroptionallysquarewave)targetsorientedhorizontallyandvertically(andoptionallyat45°)foreachfocusposi

tion(ateachfieldandzoomposition)•Computedbyautocorrelationofpupilfunction(OPD,amplitudeatexitpupil)IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide

5-‹#›MTFTabularOutputWAVELENGTHWEIGHTNO.OFRAYSFIELD(X,Y)=(0.00,1.00)MAX,(0.00,20.00)DEG650.0NM1852RELATIVEILLUMINATIO

N=60.6PERCENT550.0NM21194ILLUMINATION(UNITBRIGHTNESS)=0.016008480.0NM11556DISTORTION=-0.08PERCENTDIFFRACTIONLIMITFOCUSPOSITION

FormulaActual-0.10000-0.050000.000000.050000.10000L/MMf/5.471RADTANRADTANRADTANRADTANRADTANRADTAN----------------------------------------

-------------------------------------0.999.999.999.999.999.999.999.999.999.999.999.999.99920.922.920.878.591.827.738.856.847.853.899.819.885

.75740.845.841.757.191.648.442.706.681.685.798.591.726.44760.768.762.636.017.507.239.569.545.526.707.398.565.23580

.693.684.519.024.398.120.450.435.394.620.264.430.127100.618.607.405.018.307.060.345.347.288.539.177.328.075MTFdiffra

ctionlimitincludingapertures,vignetting,andpupilaberrationcomputedtangentialandsagittalMTFateachfrequencyandfocuspositionSp

atialfrequencyIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›MTFvs.SpatialFrequency1.00.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.1MODULATION2040608010012014016

0180200SPATIALFREQUENCY(CYCLES/MM)IntroductorySeminarf/5.6TessarDIFFRACTIONMTFDIFFRACTIONLIMITAXISTR0.7FIELD()14.00OTR1.0FIELD()20.00OW

AVELENGTHWEIGHT650.0NM1550.0NM2480.0NM1DEFOCUSING0.00000IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›

Through-focusMTFAnalysis•YoucanevaluateMTF(andotheranalyses,e.g.,SpotdiagramandPSF)onathrough-focusbasis(i.e.,onplanesdisplacedby+z

and/or-zshiftsfromthenominalimageplaneposition)•Focusdefinitionispartoflensdata,sobeforerunningMTF,usetheLDMtospecifynumbero

ffocuspositions,firstfocusposition,andincrementinfocus–ChooseLens>SystemData–OnThroughFocuspage,definen

umber,start,andincrementoffocusIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Through-focusMTFCheckthisboxforthrough-focusplotCanonlyplotfreque

nciesalreadychosenforcalculation1.00.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.1MODULATION-0.15000-0.10000-0.05000-0.000000.05000DEFOCUS

INGPOSITION()MMIntroductorySeminarf/5.6TessarDIFFRACTIONMTFDIFFRACTIONLIMITAXISTR0.7FIELD()14.00OTR1.

0FIELD()20.00OWAVELENGTHWEIGHT650.0NM1550.0NM2480.0NM1FREQUENCY50C/MMIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#

›UsefulSuppliedMacrosforMTF•ChooseTools>Macro…SampleMacros>DiffractionAnalysis–FFT2DMTF.SEQwillcreatea3DMTFplotforeachfield–MTFVSFLD.SEQwillcreate

aplotofMTFversusfieldatupto3userdefinedspatialfrequenciesIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Workshop5-2:MTFAnalysisofaCookeTriple

t1.UsetheNewLensWizardtoopentheCODEVsamplelenscooke1.2.RunanMTFanalysis(Analysis>Diffraction>MTF).Useamaximumfrequencyof100cycles/mmanda

frequencyincrementof10cycles/mm.PlottheMTFvs.frequency.3.Setup9focalpositionsspanningtherangeof-0.4mmto+0.4mm.4.RuntheMTFagain,plottingtheMTFv

s.focusforafrequencyof20cycles/mm.NotehowthesagittalandtangentialMTFshavedifferentlocationsforthepeakvalues.T

hisisanindicationofastigmatism.IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›PointSpreadFunction:PSFOption•SelectAnalysis>Diffra

ction>PointSpreadFunction•Calculatesdiffraction-basedimageofapointobject•UsesFFT(FastFourierTransform)

•Varioustypesofoutput–Imageofapointobject–Encircledenergy–Detectorconvolution–Imageoftwocloseobjects•Outputcanbelisted,p

lotted,outputasinterferograms,orsavedintotheWorksheetBufferforfurtheranalysis•Polychromaticoutputisperfield,focus

position,andzoompositionIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›PSFPrintedOutputSUMOFVALUES=567.StrehlRatio=0.9992232425262728293031323334353

6373839291213014545413143134321521492151332414910049142341521492151354313436145454137121XYPSFcentroidcoordinatesrel

ativetochiefray0.0000000.000000mm.Momentaboutthecentroid:Second0.2001101E-030.2001101E-03Third-0.1118492E-12-0.2691536E-12Fo

urth0.1059935E-050.1059935E-05<XY>:0.1161191E-12IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›PSFPlottedOutputRitchey-

ChretienPOSITION10.03756mm25DIFFRACTIONINTENSITYSPREADFUNCTIONFLD(0.00,0.00)MAX;(0.0,0.0)DEGDEFOCUSING:0.000000MMWAVELENGTHWEIGHT6

32.8NM1IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›UsefulSuppliedMacroforPSF•ChooseTools>Macro…SampleMacros>Diffr

actionAnalysis–PSFPLOT.SEQwillcreateacross-sectionalsliceofthePSFateachfield,withauserselectedgridoffset,onanormalizedorl

ogscaleIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›LineSpreadFunction:LSFOption•SelectAnalysis>Diffraction>LineSpreadFunction•Outputislin

espreadandedgetraceandplotofthelinespreadforeachfieldandzoompositionRitchieChretienDIFFRACTIONINTENSITYPROFILELINESPREADFUNCTIONWAVE

LENGTHWEIGHT632.8NM1DEFOCUSING0.00000RELATIVEINTENSITY1.251.000.750.500.250.00-0.1146-0.0859-0.0573-0.0

2860.00000.02860.05730.08590.1146DISPLACEMENTONIMAGESURFACE(MM)RNA(X,Y)FIELDSCANINC(0.00,1.00)RINC(0.00,1.00)TIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall20

03,Slide5-‹#›WavefrontAnalysis:WAVOption•SelectAnalysis>Diffraction>WavefrontAnalysis–CanalsousetheQuickBestFocustoolbarbutton:•Co

mputestheRMSwavefronterror(withtiltremoved)foreachfieldatindividualbestfocusandatbestcompositefocus,oroptionally,atth

ecurrentfocusFIELDBESTINDIVIDUALFOCUSBESTCOMPOSITEFOCUSFRACTDEGSHIFTFOCUSRMSSTREHLSHIFTFOCUSRMSSTREHL(MM.)(MM.)(WAVES)

(MM.)(MM.)(WAVES)X0.000.000.0000000.0121810.00031.0000.000000-0.0056620.00670.998Y0.000.000.0000000.000000X0.000.

000.000000-0.0221530.01660.9890.000000-0.0056620.01750.988Y0.670.40-0.0004990.001155X0.000.000.000000-0.0129110.01980.9850.000000-0.0056620.

02000.984Y1.000.600.0007710.001881COMPOSITERMSFORPOSITION1:0.01553UnitsofRMSarewavesat632.8nm.IntroductiontoCOD

EVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›BeamPropagation:BPROption•ChooseAnalysis>Diffraction>BeamPropagation•Beam

propagationisusefulforanalyzingsystemsforwhichgeometricalopticsisunabletoproperlyaccountforthepropagationoflightt

hroughthesystem–Especiallysignificantwhendiffractioneffectsoccurduetoslowbeams,apertureclipping,intermediateimagestructure,etc.–Forexample,

lasersystemsandinterferometers•UsesseveralFFT-basedalgorithmstopropagatethefield•Theuserselectsthesurfacerangesin

whichtousebeampropagation,andgeometricalraytracingisusedbetweentheseregions–Combinesaccuracyofbeampropagationwhereneededwiththes

peedofraytracing,whenbeampropagationisnotneededIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›BeamPropaga

tionExample157.96MM157.96MM0.000097.01648.508Ruling0.25mm.fromfocusBeamIntensityat100mm.beyondfocusRelativeField(0.000,0.000)POSIT

ION1Wavelength500.00nm.Defocus:0.000000MM15:55:275RonchiRulingExampleScale:1.10ORA13-Ju22.73MMRonchiR

ulingIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FabricationSupportOptions:Analysis>FabricationSupport•FABFa

bricationdatatablesincludessagtablesandtheabilitytodisplayinterferogramfiledata•COSCostAnalysisbasedonmaterialandfabricationcosts•

WEIWeightAnalysisincludesacenterofgravitycalculation•ALIAlignmentOptimization,interfaceswithmeasuredinterferometricdatatoaidi

nsystemalignmentIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›•SPESpectralAnalysisofmultiplecurvesanddeterminationofrepresentativewavelengthsand

weights•TRATransmissionAnalysisincludingpolarizationeffectsofsingleormultilayercoatings.•GHOParaxialGhostI

mageAnalysisofall2-surfaceghostimages.•NARNarcissusAnalysisofscanningthermalinfraredsystems.SystemAnalysisOptions:Analysis>SystemIntrod

uctiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›TransmissionAnalysis:TRAOption•SelectAnalysis>System>TransmissionAnalysis•Computes

pupilaveragedtransmissionofeachfieldandzoomposition•Computationincludespolarizationeffectsofanysingleormultilaye

rcoatingsonsurfacesandbulkabsorptionofrefractivematerials–Ifnocoatingsarespecified,TRAassumesasinglel/4coatingofMgF2onallair-glasssurface

sandadefaultcementonallglass-glasssurfaces–Mirrorswithoutcoatingsareassumedtobeperfectreflectors•TRAals

ooutputstheprojectedsolidangleinimagespace(andobjectspaceforfiniteconjugates)–Thisisaveryaccuratecalculationof

therelativeilluminationatthatimagepoint•Outputislistingonly(nographics)IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fal

l2003,Slide5-‹#›TransmissionAnalysisOutputTRANSMISSIONCHARACTERISTICSFIELDSURFSOURCE656.3NM587.6NM486.1NMTOTALFIELD(X,Y)=(0.00,

0.00)DEGSurfaceTransmittance1REF0.99160.99330.98880.9913ABS0.99600.99710.99560.99622REF0.99730.99720.99700.9972ABS0

.99930.99930.99830.99893REF0.99500.99730.99060.9943-------------------------------------------------------PRODUCTREF0.98400.98790.97660.9828A

BS0.99530.99640.99390.9952AveTransmittance:0.97940.98430.97060.9781ILLUMINATION:0.085880.086320.085110.08577RELATIVEILLUM:100.0

100.0100.0100.0PROJECTEDSOLIDANGLE(IMAGESPACE):0.087690.087690.087680.08769USEDAREAOFENTRANCEPUPIL:.871E+03.871E+03.871E+03.871E+03IntroductiontoC

ODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›GhostImageAnalysis:GHOOption•SelectAnalysis>System>GhostImageAnalysis•Outputisalistofallthetwo-surf

acereflectionghostimages•Outputincludessizeofghostimage,focallengthofghostimage,shiftinbackfocalpositionfortheghos

timage,pupilratio,andmagnificationCalculationisbasedonparaxialraytracealthoughrealrayghostimagescanbeanalyzedwith

non-sequentialmodelsIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›UsefulSuppliedMacroforGHO•ChooseTools>Macro…SampleMacros>Geometri

calAnalyses–GHOST_VIEW.SEQwillruntheGHOoption,displaynon-sequentialmodelswithrealraysforeachghostpathandoptionallysaveeachmode

lIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›•TORMTF,RMSWavefrontError,FiberCouplingEfficiency,andPolarizationDependentLoss.Alltheseopt

ionsuseCODEV’sveryfastwavefrontdifferentialtolerancingalgorithm•TODDistortion,toleranceanalysisonchiefraydistortionperformance•TOLFD

IFUSER–FINITEDIFFERENCES,macrothatperformsfinitedifferencestolerancingonanyperformancemetricthatCODEVcancompute•TOLMONTEUSER–MON

TECARLO,macrothatperformsMonteCarlotolerancingonanyperformancemetricthatCODEVcancomputeTolerancingAnalysisOpti

ons:Analysis>TolerancingSeeSection13formoredetailIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Other

AnalysisOptions•LUMAnalysis>Illumination,illuminanceatareceiverbasedononeormorepointorextendedsources•ENVLens>Environmen

talChange,allowsforautomaticmodificationofthelensparametersbasedonatemperaturechanges,pressurechanges,and

radialgradients.CODEV’sanalysisoptionscanthenbeusedontheenvironmentallyperturbedlens•IGEFile>Export>IGES,outputswireframemodelofthelens

inIGESformat(soontobereplacedbyanenhanceddataexportfeatureinCODEV9.40toexportIGES,STEP,andSATmodels)

•LTEFile>Export>LightTools,exportslenstoafileinLightTools®formatIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#

›EnvironmentalChange:ENVOption•SelectLens>EnvironmentalChange•Computesthechangesinthelensduetochangesintemper

atureorpressure–Notreallyananalysisoptioninitself–Altersthelensmodeltosimulatetheenvironmentallyinduced

change–Youcanthendoanytypeofanalysisonperturbedmodel•Note:LENSDATAISCHANGEDBYENV–Allsolvesaredeleted,an

dallrefractiveindices(evenair)areconvertedtoabsolute(relativetovacuum)–AlthoughUndocansaveyoufromamistake,itisbesttosavetheoriginall

ensmodelbeforerunningEnvironmentalchange•Outputisthreetables–Listingofrefractiveindicesanddn/dTcoefficients–List

ingoflensatoriginaltemperature,pressure–Listingoflensatnewtemperature,pressureIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Sli

de5-‹#›UsefulSuppliedMacroforENV•ChooseTools>Macro…SampleMacros>EnvironmentalModeling–THERMPIK.SEQ&THERME

NV.SEQwilluseENVtocreatea3-positionzoomlenswhereeachconfigurationrepresentsadifferenttemperatureofanominalsystem.Usefulforsett

ingupalensmodelforathermaloptimizationIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Workshop5-3:Tem

peratureSensitivityofaSinglet1.Createa50mmdiameter,f/2,plano-convexBK7lens.Useonlyonewavelength(550)andonlyconsideron-axis(Hint:One

quickapproachistorestorethelenssinglet.lenthroughtheNewLensWizard,deletingthesolveswhenpromptedafterchangingittof/numberof

2.0,thenchangingcurvaturesasneeded).2.Addaparaxialimagesolveandmaketheconvexsurfaceanasphere.Optimizetomakethelensasgoodaspossibleon-axis.Analyz

ethelenswithrayaberrationcurvesandRMSwavefronterror.3.Performanenvironmentalanalysistochangethetemperatureto40°C.4.Hastheperformancechanged

(lookatarayaberrationcurve).Whatisthedominanteffect?5.Refocusthelenstobestfocus(usetoolbarbuttonforQuickBestFocus).Howmuchdidthedefocusch

ange?Isthereanyresidualperformancechange?IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Supplement:SpecializedEvaluationsIntroductiontoCODEV

Training,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›SpecializedEvaluations•CODEVhassomeoptionsthatarehighlyspecializedtoparticularfieldsandarenotnormally

taughtaspartoftheintroductoryseminar•TheseoptionsarecoveredindetailintheonlineReferenceManual•Thissectionhasexamplesofafewofth

eseoptionsforusewithgroupswithaspecialinterestinoneormoreofthesesubjects–GaussianBeamTrace–Partialcoheren

ce–FiberCouplingEfficiency–IlluminationAnalysis–BiocularFOVAnalysis–MultilayerCoatingDesignIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,

Slide5-‹#›SpectralAnalysis:SPEOption•SelectAnalysis>System>SpectralAnalysis•Separateoptionthatcanopera

teindependentlyofanylensinmemory•Cascadesupto10spectralresponsecurvesandcomputescompositeresponse–Curvescanbeselectedfrompre-definedlist

orcanbeuser-entered•Listedoutputincludesrepresentativewavelengthsandweights–Alsooutputspeakwavelengthand50%pointwavelengths–Alsooutputswavelen

gthsfor1-2-1weighting(appropriateforoptimization)•Plottedoutputalsoavailable•ReplaceSystemWavelengthsan

dWeightsfeatures(RWL,RWT)caninsertcalculatedvaluesintocurrentlensIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Spect

ralAnalysisPlottedOutputSPERSPS_1BLA5500PLOALLGO1.00.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.1RESPONSE250.0350.0450.0550.0650.0750.0850.0950.01050.0WAVELENGTHS

PEOptionExampleSPECTRALRESPONSECOMBINEDS_1BLACKBODY(5,500OK)DropdownlistofpredefinedspectralcurvesUsethistabforuser-definedcurvesIntrod

uctiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›SpectralAnalysisListedOutputWAVELENGTHWEIGHT958.3324.82829.3192.71665.13101.66463.1144.86349.3054.44W

AVELENGTHSANDWEIGHTINGFOR.5AND1.0RESPONSEWAVELENGTHWEIGHT878.929.17367.629.00331.571.66WAVELENGTHSFORTR

UE1,2,1WEIGHTINGWAVELENGTHWEIGHT874.301.00687.762.00370.691.00usethesewavelengthsandweightsforMTF,PSF,TOR,et

c.usethesewavelengthsandweightsforAUTOIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›GaussianBeamTrace:BEAOption•SelectAnalysis>Diagnostics>

GaussianBeamTrace•PropagatesGaussianbeamsthroughthesystem(usingrayapproach)–Basicinputisobjectsurfacewaistradius

(x,y)–Outputisbeamsizeandorientation,wavefrontcurvatureandorientation,andwaistsizeandlocationGAUSSIANBEAMPROPAGATIONSingletPOSITIO

N1WAVELENGTH=500.0NMDIMENSIONS=MILLIMETERSFIELDPOSITION=(0.00,0.00)BEAMWAVEFRONTRADIUSPHASEWAISTRADIUSPROPAGATIONBEAMRADIUS

ORIENTATIONOFCURVATUREORIENTATIONBEFOREDISTANCEFROMDISTANCETOONSURFACE(DEGREES)BEFOREREFRACTION(DEGREES)REFRACTIONWAISTTOSURFACES

URNEXTSURFACEXYXYXYXYOBJ100.00000.05000.05000.0INFINF0.00.05000.05000.00000.000015.00000.32220.32220.0

-102.4674-102.46740.00.05000.0500100.0000100.0000296.57280.32150.32150.02295.47472295.47470.00.29530.2953-358.8586-358.8586I

MG0.31830.31830.0-68611.208-68611.2080.00.31830.31835.90655.9065IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›PartialCoherenceAnalysis:PAROption

•SelectAnalysis>Diffraction>1DPartialCoherenceorAnalysis>Diffraction>2DPartialCoherence•Primarilyusedformicro-lithographicsystems•Compu

testhediffractionpatternincludingtheeffectsofpartiallycoherentillumination–Therelativenumericalaperture(RNA)de

terminesthedegreeofcoherence•Indicateswhatfractionoftheentrancepupilisfilled•0=fullycoherent,2=fullyincoherent,etc.•1Dcalcul

ationforbarsandedges•2DcalculationforrectangularobjectsIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›1DPartia

lCoherenceExample0.5NAPerfectLensDIFFRACTIONINTENSITYPROFILEPARTIALLYCOHERENTILLUMINATIONWAVELENGTHWEIGHT500.0NM1DEFOCUSING0.00000RELATIVEINTENSITY1

.251.000.750.500.250.00-7.7-5.8-3.9-1.90.01.93.95.87.7DISPLACEMENTONIMAGESURFACE(MICRONS)GEOMETRICALSHADOWRNA(X,Y)FIELDSCANINC(0.00,0.00)Robj

ectresponseIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›2DPartialCoherenceExampleobjectpattern.01575mm.01575mm.001360.85850.4

2990.5NAPerfectLensAERIALIMAGEField=(0.000,0.000)DegreesDefocusing=0.000000RNA:1.000.5NAPerfectLensPOSITION10.00254mm0.2143AERIALIMAGEINTENSITYFLD(0

.00,0.00)MAX;(0.0,0.0)DEGDEFOCUSING:0.000000MMRNA:1.00WAVELENGTHWEIGHT500.0NM11234+56IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fa

ll2003,Slide5-‹#›CouplingEfficiency:CEFOption•SelectAnalysis>Diffraction>FiberCouplingEfficiency•Computesthepercentageo

fthediffractionaerialimagethatiscoupledintoasingle-modefiber–Theoutputfibermodecanbestepprofile,Gaussian,

oruser-defined–Gaussianismostcommon(e.g.0.0052mmmoderadiusfortypicalsinglemodefiberat1550nm)•Thenominaloutputfibercanbedisplacedorti

ltedwithrespecttothechiefray,andcanhaveawedgeangleonthetipofthefiber•Analysiscanbedoneofcouplingefficiencyvs.tilt,d

isplacement,orwedgeparameters•Outputcanbeexpressedindecibels(dBinsertionloss)IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall200

3,Slide5-‹#›CouplingEfficiencyExampleCouplingEfficiencyADE:0.04.08.012.016.020.0____________________________________

________________________________YDE.000000|0.82880.81880.76160.66780.55370.4357.000100|0.77460.76570.71350.62760.52260.4137.000200|0.61220.60650

.56950.50730.43000.3482.000300|0.41320.41130.39180.35740.31270.2630.000400|0.24940.24990.24280.22820.20740.1822.000500|0.07290.07570.08080

.08620.08980.08980.5NAPerfectLensYDE(mm.)couplingEfficiency0.00000.00010.00020.00030.00040.00050.00.20.40.60

.81.0ADE0.000000DegADE4.000000DegADE8.000000DegADE12.000000DegADE16.000000DegADE20.000000DegIntroductiontoC

ODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›IlluminationAnalysis:LUMOption•SelectSystems>Illumination•Computestheilluminanced

istributionacrossthelastsurface•Canhavemultiple,extendedsources–Sourcescanberectangular,elliptical,spher

ical,orcylindrical–Sourcescanhavenon-uniformspatialdistributionsandnon-uniformangulardistributions•CalculationismadebyMonteCarlorayt

racing(randomraytracing)–Tracingisindependentofanydefinedfields•Illuminationoutputisretainedinmemoryandisaccumulatedacrossmultipleillumi

nationrunsIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›IlluminationExamplereceiverplaneparabola250.72MM250.72MM0.0000.

01001.00501ParabolawithPointSourceirradianceTotalflux0.35450E+01WattsMaxirradiance0.10014E-01Watts/CM^2Minirradiance0.00000E+00Watts/CM^2Para

bolawithPointSourceDistancealongprofileinMMirradiance-150.-100.-50.0.50.100.150.0.0000.0020.0040.0060.0080.010x=0.0y=0.0A=0.0pointso

urceIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›BiocularFOVPlot:FOVOption•SelectAnalysis>BiocularFOVPlot•Usedtoplotfieldofviewatimagesurfa

ceasseenfromdifferenteyelocations–Usefulforbiocularsystems,HUDs,etc.•Requiressomechangeofthelenssetup(moveobjectsurfacetostoplocation,etc.)p

ortionofimageseenbyrighteyeportionofimageseenbylefteye<<IntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›FOVPlottedOutpu

tBIOCULARAZIMUTH/ELEVATION20.00DGFOVseenfromrighteyeFOVseenfromlefteyeOverlapregion(seenbybotheyes)In

troductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›MultilayerDesignandAnalysis:MULOption•CurrentlynoGUIinputdialogsforMUL–Youcanrunitfr

omcommandlineorfromamacro•Separateoptionwhichoperatesindependentlyofthelensinmemory•Allowsdesign,analys

is,andtolerancingofsingleormultilayercoatings•Coatingscanbedispersiveorconstantwithwavelength,andcanbeabsorptiveornon-absorptive•C

oatingscanbesaved(in.MULfiles)andattachedtosurfacesforraytracing(withMLTcommand)–Whenattachingcoatingstosurfaces,coatingthicknessva

riationscanbemodeledIntroductiontoCODEVTraining,Fall2003,Slide5-‹#›Exampleof7LayerCoatingMULMDATIT'7Layer1/4Wave'COA0.2502.3GROUP'A'COA0.25

01.38COA0.2502.3ENDCOA'A'COA'A'SUB1.52WLG40075010REF550ANG03045GOMPLRFLGOMEX7Layer1/4WaveWAVELENGTH(NM)REFLE

CTANCE(UNPOLARIZED)400.450.500.550.600.650.700.750.0.00.20.40.60.81.0ANGLE=0.000ANGLE=30.000ANGLE=45.000