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1。。。内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯Unit3UnderstandingeachotherSectionⅣGrammar&Writing语法图解探究发现①IfIwereyou,Ishouldtrymybesttogotocoll

ege.②WereIyou,Ishouldtrymybesttogotocollege.③Ifhehadgonetothepartylastnight,everythingwouldhavechanged.④Hadhegonetothepar

tylastnight,everythingwouldhavechanged.⑤Ifitweretobesunnytomorrow,wewouldgooutforapicnic.⑥Wereittobesunnytomorrow,wewouldgooutforapicnic.[我

的发现](1)①②句表示与现在事实相反的假设。(2)③④句表示与过去事实相反的假设。(3)⑤⑥句表示与将来事实相反的假设。(4)句①②，③④，⑤⑥句的句意分别相同吗？相同。(5)句②④⑥共同的特点是：省略if后的倒装句。一、非真实(虚拟)条件句中的虚拟语气1．与现在事实相反条件从句主句2d

id(be多用were，非正式文体中也可用was)would/should/could/might＋动词原形IfIwereyou,Ishouldacceptthejob.如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。IfIhadtime,Iwouldgothere.如果我有空，我就去那儿。

2．与过去事实相反条件从句主句haddonewould/should/could/might＋havedoneIfyouhadcomeearlier,youcould/wouldhavemetthestar.如果你

早点来，你就会见到那位明星了。Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyouyourbook.如果他昨天见到你，他就会还给你书的。3．与将来事实相反条件从句主句did/shoulddo/weretodowould/should

/could/might＋动词原形Ifhisflightshouldbedelayed/weretobedelayed/weredelayed,wewouldfailtomeethim.万一他的航班被延误了，我们就接不到他了。Iftheseice

bergsshouldmeltatthesametime,wewoulddrown.如果这些冰山同时融化的话，我们就都淹死了。[即时演练1](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①Thewaiterwouldserveyoumorequi

cklyifyouspoke(speak)tohimmorepolitely.②Doyouthinkhewould_lend(lend)mehiscomputerifIasked(ask)himnicely?③Iftheyreallywanted(want)toseethehouseno

w,Iwould_have(have)togetthepermissionoftheowner.(2)单句改错3①IwouldaskGeorgetolendusmoneyifIknowhim.know→knew②Ifyouaskedmeyesterday,Icouldhavetoldyou.ask

ed前加had③Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butithadrainedallday.去掉rained前的had④IfIknewGerman,Iwouldhavereadthenewspaperto

you.去掉have(3)一句多译如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。①Ifyousucceeded,_everythingwouldbeallright.②Ifyoushouldsucceed,_everythingwould

beallright.③Ifyouweretosucceed,_everythingwouldbeallright.二、非真实(虚拟)条件句的倒装if虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时，可把if省略，而把were,had,should放在主语前，

构成倒装结构。WereIyou(IfIwereyou),Iwouldtakethejob.如果我是你，我就会做那份工作。HadIhadtime(IfIhadhadtime),Iwouldhavegonean

dhelpedhim.如果我有时间，我就会帮助你了。Shouldhecome(Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.万一他来，告诉他给我打电话。[名师点津]若虚拟条件句为否

定句，否定词not不提前。HadInotbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartintheparade.如果那天没生病，我会去参加集会的。[即时演练2]句型转换①IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyha

rder.→WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.②Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.→Hadyoucomeearlier,_youwouldcatchthebus.③Ifheha

dcomehereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend.→Hadhecomehereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend.[名师点津]Ifitweren'tf

or.../Ifithadn'tbeenfor...相当于butfor...，意为“多亏了……，要不是……”。Ifithadn'tbeenforyouradvice,Ishouldhavefailed.＝Butforyouradvice,Ishouldhavefailed.要不是你的忠告，我会

失败的。4Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Ifshehadbeenatschool,Iwould_have_seen(see)her.2．Iwould_let(let)yougotoworknowifitw

eren'trainingsohard.3．Had(have)itnotbeenforthefreeticket,Iwouldnothavegonetoseethefilm.4．IfIhadhadheraddress,Iwouldn

't_have_lost(notlose)touchwithher.5．Were(be)Iyou,Iwouldbuyanewcar.6．Ifitwere_to_rain/should_rain/rained(rain)tomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.7．

WereItodoit,Iwould_do(do)itinsomeotherways.8．Ifyouhad_been(be)morecareful,thericewouldnothavebeenburnt.9．Whatwoul

d_have_happened(happen)hadBobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?10．Butforthestorm,wewould_have_had(have)a

pleasantjourney,buthadtoturnbackhalfway.Ⅱ.完成句子1．要不是他的帮助，我就不会成功了。Butforhishelp,Iwouldn't_have_succeed

ed.2．万一他不来，你将代替他。(倒装结构)Should_he_not_come,_youwouldtakehisplace.3．他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。(倒装结构)Had_he_seen_youyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyo

uaboutit.4．假若我是你，我就会马上做。(倒装结构)Were_I_you,_Iwoulddoitatonce.5．要是我们现在有空，我们就把它再看一遍。Ifwehadtimenow,weshould_read_it_again.6．如果她再刻苦一点，她会取得

更好的成绩。Shecould_have_gotten_better_gradesifshehadstudiedharder.7．如果明天天气好，他们就去游泳。If_the_weather_were_to_be/should_be/were_finetom

orrow,theywouldgoforaswim.8．如果太阳从西边出来，我就会改变主意。5Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,Iwould_change_my_mind.Ⅲ.短文改错DearMumandDad，TheCollegeEntranc

eExaminationisaroundthecorner.IfIhaveaheart­to­hearttalkaboutyou,itwouldbegood.Theexamwillbeinthreeweeks,i

tmakesmeundergreatpressure.Therefore,goodstudyingconditionsandtimehelpwilldomealotofgood.Inordertomakefullusethetime,Idecidetomakealittledetaileds

tudyplansfortheexam.What'sworse,it'salsonecessarythatIdidsomephysicalexerciseonceinawhilesothatIcankeephealt

hy.Inword,I'mquiteconfidentofyourfuturelifeandIdowishyougoodhealthandahappylife.Yours，LiHua答案：第二句：hav

e→had;about→with第三句：it→which或it前加and第四句：time→timely第五句：use后加of;little→few第六句：worse→more;did→do第七句：word前加a;your→my道歉信主要是向收信人表明歉意

，请求对方谅解自己的过失。写道歉信时要明确不是找借口为自己辩护，而是承认自己的过错并提出弥补过错的具体建议和方法。此类信件的关键是用词准确、表达真诚。一、基本结构首段：重述自己做错的事，表示歉意。主体段：说明道歉的具体原因，应尽量详细描述做错事的经过。写信时应该注意在申述理由时

要照顾读信人的感受，切忌强词夺理。结尾段：再次表明承认错误的态度，请求收信人的谅解，也可以提出补救的办法。二、增分佳句1．Iwouldliketogiveyoumyapologyfor...62．Ple

aseacceptmysincereapologyfor...3．IamindeedverysorryforwhatIsaid/did,butbelieveIhadnointentiontoinsult

you.4．Let'snotputalittlemisunderstandingbetweenus.5．Pleaseforgivemeforastupidchoiceofwords.6．Ifeelbadlysorryaboutitandwantyoutoknowwhathappe

ned.7．Pleaseacceptmyapologiesformyoversight.8．Pleaseallowmetosaysorryagain.9．Isincerelyhopeyouwillbeabletothinkin

mysituationandacceptmyapologies.10．Onceagain,I'msorryforanyinconveniencecaused.[题目要求]假定你是李华，你把Frank借给你的书弄丢了。这本书你一直在看，本打算下周交还的。昨天晚上回房间找不到了。你将尽力去找，找不到的

话，买本新的交还。请你对此表示歉意，毕竟新书代替不了旧书，因为它就像是老朋友，有好多珍贵的回忆。这对自己的粗心也是一次教训。注意：词数100左右。第一步：审题构思很关键一、审题1．确定体裁：本文为应用文，是一封道歉信；2．确定时态：主要使用

一般现在时和一般过去时；3．确定人称：本文主要人称为第一、三人称。二、构思第一部分，开头简单交代因何事进行道歉。解释事情发生的原因，消除误会，表明愿意补救的愿望。第二部分，再次表示遗憾和歉意，阐述丢失的东西对对方很重要(隐含歉意)，向对方说明自己很自责，且从中得到教训。第二步

：核心词汇想周全1．valuable/precious/of_great_value宝贵的；珍贵的2．recover/make_up_for重新获得3．once一旦4．replace/displace/

take_the_place_of代替；取代75．memory/recall/remember回忆；记忆6．intend_to_do/mean_to_do打算做7．fail_to没能够……8．be_connected_wit

h/relate_to与……有关联第三步：由词扩句雏形现1．非常抱歉地告诉你，我把上周你好心借给我的宝贵的书弄丢了。(宾语从句；定语从句)I_am_terribly_sorry_to_tell_you_that_I_have_lost_the_valuable_book_you_were_so_k

ind_to_lend_me_last_week._2．昨晚当我来到我的房间时，到处都找不到它。(时间状语从句；nowheretobedone)Last_night_when_I_came_to_my_room,_it_was_nowhere_to_be_fo

und._3．我将尝试尽快找回它。如果找不到，我将买一本新的还给你。(if条件句)I_will_try_to_recover_it_as_soon_as_possible.If_I_fail_to_find_it,_I_will_get_a_new_book_for_y

ou.4．但我恐怕它永远不能代替那本旧的。旧书就像老朋友一样。(宾语从句)But_I_am_afraid_it_can_never_take_the_place_of_the_old_one.Old_books_are_like_old_friends.5．一旦丢失，它们就无

法取代。Once_they_are_lost,_they_can_never_be_replaced._6．它们与珍贵回忆联系在一起。新书永远都不会拥有这些珍贵的回忆。They_are_connected_with_precious_me

mories.The_new_books_can_never_have_these_precious_memories.7．我应该对这一不能挽回的损失负责。(betoblame)And_for_this_irrecoverable_loss,_I_am_to_blame.

8．如果我更加谨慎，它就不会丢失。(if虚拟条件句)If_I_had_been_more_careful,__it_would_not_have_been_lost.第四步：句式升级造亮点1．用状语从句的省略改写句5Once_lost,_they_can_never_be_replac

ed._2．用which引导的限制性定语从句改写句6They_are_connected_with_precious_memories_which_the_new_books_can_never_have.第五步：过渡衔接联成篇Dear_Frank，8I_am_terri

bly_sorry_to_tell_you_that_I_have_lost_the_valuable_book_you_were_so_kind_to_lend_me_last_week._I_read_it_every_day_and_intended_to_

finish_it_next_week.Last_night_when_I_came_to_my_room,_it_was_nowhere_to_be_found._I_will_try_to_recover_it_as_soon_as_possible.If

_I_fail_to_find_it,_I_will_get_a_new_book_for_you.But_I_am_afraid_it_can_never_take_the_place_of_the_old_one.Old_books_are_like_old_friend

s.Once_lost,_they_can_never_be_replaced._They_are_connected_with_precious_memories_which_the_new_ones_can_never_have._And_for_this_irrecov

erable_loss,_I_am_to_blame_—_if_I_had_been_more_careful,_it_would_not_have_been_lost._I_was_so_careless_with_things

.This_is_a_warning_to_me_to_be_more_careful_in_the_future.Yours_truly，Li_Hua