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EnvironmentalandSocialSafeguards世界银行环境与社会安全保障政策December2,2006BeijingContentContextandRationaleforSafeguards安全保障政策的产生背景和意义LessonsfromBank-ChinaExp

erience世行中国项目经验LookingForward前景展望ContextandRationale安全保障政策的产生和意义WhatareSafeguardPolicies?什么是安全保障政策Setofcorporate/governmentlaws,principles,regu

lations,andproceduresaimedatreducingandmitigatingtheunintendedorunavoidableenvironmentalandsocialimpactsofde

velopmentprojectsandprograms一整套旨在减缓项目或规划带来的环境与社会影响的法律、法规、原则和程序。EvolutionofBank’sSafeguardPolicies世行安全保障政策的历史Leadingdevelopmentagencyrepresentinginte

rnationalstandard作为联合国发展机构，代表着国际标准ConcernsfromPartiesandcivilsociety成员国对声誉的关注以及来自民间组织的关注1980s,OperationDirective八十年代建立的业务导则199

4,PolicyonDisclosureofInformation(revisedin2001)1994年制定信息公开政策（2001年修订）1999,OperationPolicies(10+1)1999年形成安全保障政策Newpoliciesev

olves新的政策还在不断发展WhyHaveSafeguardPolicies?为什么要安全保障政策Informdecisionmaking科学决策Buildconsensusondevelopmentalternatives合理方案比选Reduceunforeseenprobl

emsandissues减少未预见的问题Preventcostlydelaysandstoppages防止项目延迟或停工Minimizeorpreventsdisputes减少/预防争端Sustaindevelopmentimpact支持项目环境/社会效益Buildpublicconfi

dence增强公众信任TheBank’sSafeguardPoliciesEnvironmentalAssessment环境评价NaturalHabitats自然栖息地SafetyofDams大坝安全PestManagement病虫害管理PhysicalC

ulturalResources物质文化遗产Forests林业InvoluntaryResettlement非自愿移民IndigenousPeoples少数民族PublicDisclosure信息公开TheEquatorP

rinciplessupportbusinessandsustainabledevelopmentTheEquatorPrinciples:setofvoluntaryguidelinesforthemanageme

ntofenvironmentalandsocialissuesinthefinancingofprojects,developedbyglobalfinancialinstitutions,arebasedontheprinciplesoftheIFCInJuly6,2006,inL

ondon,the“Equator”banks-agroupofover40financialinstitutionswhichtogetherrepresentover80%ofglobalprojectfinancing–commit

tedtostrengtheningtheirenvironmentalandsocialriskmanagementsystemsofprojectsfinancedbytheirinstitutionsLessonsfromBank-Chi

naExperience世行中国项目经验SafeguardsPoliciesattheNationalLevel中华人民共和国环境保护法中华人民共和国环境影响评价法建设项目环境保护条例(国务院令第253号）建设项目环境保护管理办法(国务院环委会、国家

计委、国家经委（86）国环字第003号）关于加强国际金融组织贷款建设项目环境影响评价管理工作的通知建设项目环境保护分类管理名录其他部门的法律法规：森林法、土地法、海洋法、文物法WorldBank-China:ACommonSafeg

uardFrameworkAgendaSpiritofsafeguardssystemsaresimilar...世行与中国安保政策原则一致Moresimilaritiesthandifferences相似多于不同Wh

eredifferencesexistthereareworkablesolutions:些许不同也有可行的解决办法：–ScreeningandScoping筛选/范围–AnalysisofAlternatives比选方案分析–Natureandsc

opeofstakeholderconsultations相关利益方参与的性质和范围–Implementationstilllacking实施欠缺–Specialneedsprogramssuchasethnicminorities特殊要求，如少数民族–Emergenceofrese

ttlementchallengesintheUrbanfringeareas城郊结合部移民拆迁的挑战PublicParticipationinLiaoningUrbanTransportProjectPreparationAwarenessford

ecisionmakers:validating‘Bankmessages’提高决策者意识Projectdesign:Dramaticchangesinemphasis项目设计发生巨大变化，更加关注：–Secondary&tertiaryroadimprovements次

干路、支路的改善–Trafficmanagement,especiallytheseparationofMV/NMVtraffic交通管理，机非分离–Strongerattentiontosidewalksandpedestrian’sneeds关注人行道和行人需求Latentissues

werepickeduptotakecareoftheurbanvulnerable关注城市弱势群体–Streetlights路灯–Publictransport公交Interestininstitutionalization制度化ParticipatoryMonitoringofPro

jectImplementation,Chongqing重庆城市环境项目参与式监测选择咨询委员会通告项目信息现场调查公众征询会咨询委员会会议报告持续监测采取措施公众参与项目ERMLookingforward前景展望China:MovingtoHigherSa

feguardStandardsRecognizebasicprinciplesofinternationalgoodpractice采纳国际最佳实践的基本原则Legislativechangeshaveimprovedregulatoryframe

work立法的改变改善了管理框架Upstreaming:strategicEAsforplansandprograms上升至战略环评Growingpublicinterestanddemand公众意识和需求的提高Improvedrulesforpublicparticipa

tioninsafeguardsprocess公众参与办法的改善Bankmovingtogreateremphasisonpractical&positiveelementsofsafeguardsUsingsafeguardpoliciesasentrypointforeva

luatingdevelopmentalternatives评估不同发展方案Enhancingtheparticipatorycontentofprojectsthroughsafeguardpolicies加强项目的公众参与Using

theenablingprovisionsofsafeguardpoliciesforpolicydevelopment促进政策的发展Workingtogethertosolveproblems…ActionsTakentoDate迄今为止采取的行动–Establishedprocedur

esforprocessingrepeaterprojects为类型相同的重复项目的审批制定程序–Simplifiedclearanceprocedures审批程序简化–PilotprogramforChinatoredu

ceneedforEnglishtranslationsofsafeguardsdocumentforselectedprojects减少文件翻译DecisionontranslationstobemadeatP

CNstage在项目初审期确定翻译量ImplementationunderwayandwillcontinuethroughFY07已经开始实施Qualitywillnotbecompromised质量不打折–Modifiedinternalreviewproceduressothatma

jorityofprojectreviewsareconductedinChineseusingstandardtemplates,andguidelines内部程序调整，大部分项目采用标准的指南审查中文–SeniorEnvironmentalEngin

eerpositionhasbeenfilledandwillmovetoBeijing在北京办公室派驻高级环境专家Caseexamples:SUDP;WuhanUrbanTransport;UrumqiUrbanTransportWorldBank-China:A

CommonSafeguardFrameworkAgendaExtensivecollaborationthroughinvestmentprojectsprograms通过项目进行密切合作Supportinganalyticalwork(AAA,thematicreviews)

支持研究工作SupportofStrategicEnvironmentalAssessments(SEA)支持战略环评Simplificationagenda程序简化InConclusion…Applyingsoundenvironmentalandsocialsafeguardsp

racticesinChinatoprojectdesign,construction,andoperationisgoodfor:在中国项目的设计、建设和运行中应用环境与社会保障政策有益于：Businessandcompetitiveness:soundproje

cts,moreefficiency,lessdelays竞争力：良好的项目、效率Theenvironment:avoidanceofadverseimpacts,mitigationandcompensation

环境：避免、减缓不利影响Thecommunities:moreparticipationandownership社区：更多的参与和主人翁意识TheinternationalimageofChinabyshowcasingamodernwayo

fdoingbusiness中国的国际形象