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过去分词ThePastParticiple过去分词1构成2含义3功能4区别5练习一构成:v+ed或不规则的变化动词例如:want---wanted---wanteddo---did---donego---went---gone二过去分词本身的含义:被动或完成fallenleavesreturn

edstudentsagrown-updaughterabrokenheartarespectedleaderarecently-builthouse三.功能1.Atthattime,suchthingwasaforbiddentopictobetalk

edabout.2.Manyusedcarswillbesoldinthismarket.3.Hebecameinterestedintwotheories.4.Shelookedworried.5.Shefoundherne

cklacegoneonherwayhome.6.Heisgongtohavetheroompainted.定语定语表语表语宾补宾补现在分词形式过去分词形式一般式doingdone完成式（主）havingdone（被）havingbe

endone现在分词:表示动作是主动的和正在进行过去分词:表示动作是被动的和完成分词在句中可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。I.Pastparticipleusedasattributes（定语）1.位置:

单个分词位于名词前，短语则在名词后,被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语。Thestolencarwasfoundbythepolicelastweek.Thespeakeransweredallthequestionsraisedbytheaudience.2.作

用---相当于一个定语从句（2）Thebook,writtenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.=Isthereanythingthathasbeenplannedfortonight?（1）Isthereanyth

ingplannedfortonight？=Thebook,whichwaswrittenin1957,tellsthestruggleoftheminers.注：Theproblem（discussedyesterday）hassomethingtodow

ithdailylife.（表示完成）Theproblem（beingdiscussednow）hasnothingtodowithdailylife.（表示正在进行）II.Pastparticiplesusedaspredictive（表语

）1.过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。Thewindowisbroken.Theinnergatewaslocked.Shewasgreatlyexcited.2.与现在分词作表语的区别。现在分词：主语的特征或性质，“令人…”，有主动

意思。e.g.Howdisappointingtheelectionis!过去分词：主语的感受，“感到…”，有被动意思。e.g.Theyfeeldisappointedattheelection.常见的这类此有：interestin

g—interestedencouraging—encourageddelighting—delighteddisappointing—disappointedpleasing—pleasedpuzzling—puzzled

satisfying—satisfiedsurprising—surprisedworrying--worriedIII.PastparticipleusedastheObjectComplement(宾语补足语)1.表“希望，要求”的动词：want,wish,expect,wish,like,

order+(tobe)done表示“希望/要求某人或某事被…”e.g.Iwantthework(tobe)finishedbySunday.Jimorderedtheroom(tobe)cleaned.2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：see,he

ar,find,feel,think,watch,notice+object(宾语)+p.p.e.g.Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.Peoplefoundthewaterpolluted.HaveyouheardapopsongsunginJapa

nese?过去分词,不定式,现在分词作宾补的区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不带to的不定式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。Isawher

comeintotheclassroom.Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.3.使役动词:make,get,have,keep,leave,etc.e.g.Wemustgetthetabl

eclothwashed.=Wemustasksomebodytowashthetablecloth.Hehadhiswatchrepaired.4.在“with/without＋宾语＋宾补(过去分词)”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。e

.g.Doyouknowthemanwithhishairtiedback?作定语时可用定语从句代替Heisarespectedleader.=Heisaleader__________________.Isthisthebookrecommendedbyyourteacher?=Isthi

sthebook_________________byyourteacher?whoisrespectedwhichwasrecommended1.amovingfilmthemovedpeople2.boilingwaterboile

dwater3.fallingleavesfallenleaves现在分词强调动作正在进行，侧重于主动。过去分词强调动作已经完成，侧重于被动；四、1分词作定语的区别过去分词作定语与其它非谓语形式的区别：1.

过去分词done表示被动和完成；2.现在分词的主动式doing表示主动的、正在进行的动作；3.现在分词的被动式beingdone表示被动的、正在进行的动作；4.不定式的主动式todo表示一个将要发生的主动动作；5.不定式的被动

式tobedone则表示一个将要发生的被动动作_______yesterdayThemeeting___________now(hold)__________tomorrowisofgreatimportance.(ho

ld)heldbeingheldtobeheld1.A.Nobodywas__________inthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery___________.(interested,inter

esting)2.A.Everybodywas________tohearthenews.B.Thenewsisvery__________indeed.(excited,exciting)interested

interestingexcitedexciting四、2分词作表语的区别1.A.Nobodywas__________inthestoryhetold.B.Thestoryhetoldwasvery___________.(interested,

interesting)2.A.Everybodywas________tohearthenews.B.Thenewsisvery__________indeed.(excited,exciting)-ing

表示令人….,-ed表示感到…,Iheardsomeone_________(call)mewhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.Iheardmyname________(call).callingcalled四、3分词作宾补的区别接现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行，或正要做分词

表示的动作；接过去分词时，表被动或完成。Isawhim___________________.scoldscoldedbyhismotherIsawhismother_________________.s

coldinghimIsawhim___________________.bitebittenbyadogIsawthedog___________________.bitinghimWehaveanEnglishteacher________(call)Janet.Wehav

eanEnglishteacherwho________(call)Janet.Whoweretheguests________(invite)tohisconcertlastmonth?Who________(invite)tohisconcertlastmonth?四、4pp与be+pp分词

作宾补的区别calledwascalledinvitedwereinviteddone是非谓语动词，bedone是谓语动词，有自己的独立主语。Competethesentencesusingtherightformoft

hegivenverb.1.Ihadnothingtodo.Iwas________(bore)andlonely.2.Jacklookedevenmore_______(amaze)thanhefelt.3.Theresultswerevery_____________(di

sappoint).4.Iwasthankedbythe___________(satisfy)customer.5.Thegirl_________(dress)inredismydaughter.6.L

astMondayourclasswentonan____________(organise)trip.boredamazeddisappointingsatisfieddressedorganised1.Asiskno

wntousall,travelingis______,butweoftenfeel______whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.

interested;tiredA练习二:单选2.Hearingthe____news,weallfelt___.A.encouraging,encouraging,B.encouraged,encouragedC.encouraged,en

couragingD.encouraging,encouragedD3.Fromthedates______onthegoldcoin,itisconfirmedthatitwasmadefivehundredyea

rsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarkedB4.The_______lookinherfacesuggestedthatshe_______itbefore.A.surprising,w

ouldn’tknowB.surprised,hadn’tknownC.surprising,hadn’tknownD.surprised,shouldn’tknowB5BeingpooratEnglish,I’mafraidIcan’tmakemyself______.A.under

standB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understoodD6Ihavehadmybike______,andI’mgoingtohavesomebody______myra

diotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairingC7Wearepleasedtoseethep

roblem______soquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settlingsettle解决A8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly—electedpresid

entishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledc9.Helenhadtoshout_____abovethesoundthemusic.A.makinghe

rselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard.D10.Thefirsttextbooks______forteachingEnglishasaforeignl

anguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.writtenD.beingwrittenC过去分词1构成2含义3功能4区别5练习