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Grammar1:The–edform1.Trainedcamelscarriedfoodandothersupplies.2.Wesawabandonedfarmswhichweremorethanahundredyearsa

go.3.Weategreatmealscookedbyexperts.The–edformusedasattributes-ed分词既可作前置定语,也可以作后置定语。1.单个的过去分词作定语1)作前置定语：这时过去分词的形容词意义强于动词意义。a.及物动

词的过去分词具有被动和完成意义。abrokencup一个破杯子awoundedsoldier一名伤员b.不及物动词的过去分词具有主动和完成意义。agrownwoman一位成年妇女anescapedprisoner一名逃犯前置定语后置定语aconcerne

dlook关切的神色theauthoritiesconcerned有关当局awantedperson被通缉的人jobswanted需要的工作inagivencondition在一定条件下apresentgivenbythestu

dent学生送的礼物ausedcar一辆旧车acarused一辆用过的车2.过去分词短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。如:thecolorTVsetproducedlastyear=thecolorTVsetthatwasp

roducedlastyear去年生产的彩色电视机aletterwrittentomebymydaughter=aletterthatwaswrittentomebymydaughter一封我女儿写给我的信1)Theboyinjuredintheaccidentwastakentoh

ospital.2)Someofthepeopleinvitedtothepartycan’tcome.3)Mostofthegoodsmadeinthefactoryareexported.4)Thewindowbrokeninthestor

mhasnowbeenrepaired.5)HaveyoufinishedtheexercisesgivenbyMr.Li?6)TheteacherisaveryenthusiasticwomancalledMrs.Shen.3.要注意过去

分词做定语时动作发生的时间：1)发生在谓语动词的动作之前。如：Isthisthebookwritten(thatwaswritten)byHenryJames?这是亨利•詹姆斯写的书吗?2)表示与句中谓语动词相应的经

常性的动作。如：Hewasthenaprofessorrespected(thatwasrespected)byalltheteachersandstudentsofthecollege.当时他是一个

受这所大学里全体师生尊敬的教授。1.我妈做的饭很好吃。Thefood___________________isverynice.2.我们住在去年建的楼里。Weliveinabuilding____________.cookedbymymotherbuiltla

styear3.Mostoftheartists_________tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited1.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphr

ases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known语法练习2.Readingisanexperiencequitediffer

entfromwatchingTV;therearepictures____inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.A.toformB.formC.formedD.havingformed3.

Therewasan____lookonhisfacewhentheactressappeared.A.excitedB.excitementC.excitingD.excitedly4.It’swrongf

orthe___countriestocontroltheworld.A.developmentB.developingC.developedD.develop5.Ihavecollectedthemoney____.A.needin

gB.needC.toneedD.needed6.Thebridge___nextyearwillbeverylong.A.beingbuiltB.tobebuiltC.builtD.building7.Thebookc

anbeusedin___countries.A.English-speakingB.English-spokenC.speaking-EnglishD.spoken-English8.Fromhis____voice,Ihavetosay

thatyouarereally_____.A.disappointed;disappointedB.disappointing;disappointingC.disappointed;disappointingD.dis

appointing;disappointed9.Thisistheproblem___atthemeetingyesterday.A.beingdiscussed;B.havingdiscussedC.tobediscussedD.discussed10.The___lookon

hisfacesuggestedthathehadnotexpectedso.A.surprisedB.surprisingC.excitedD.excitingGrammar2:PastTenseTimeExp

ressions1.Peoplefirststartedtravelingbytrainin1925.2.Ahundredandfiftyyearsago,therewasahugerailwaystationinth

emiddleofthecity,butitisn’tthereanymore.3.Thatfamouspoliticianwasmurderedlastyear.1.常用的表示过去的时间状语有:recently,duringtheday,onenight,alongtimeago,u

ntilthe1920s,in1925,formanyyears,justnow,atthattime,duringhismiddleschoolyears,then,lastnight/year/w

eek/month,aweek/month/yearago,intheolddays…2.表示过去的习惯性、重复性的动作,常用一定的时间状语或频度状语,如：IplayedfootballeveryweekwhenIwa

syoung.Iusedtogoshoppingduringweekdays.将下列句子译成英语:1.上周末，简吃了一顿由外婆做的好饭。Lastweekend,Janeateanicemeal(whichwas)cookedby

hergrandmother.2.昨天晚上，她完成作业后就上床睡觉了。Shewenttobedaftershefinishedherhomeworklastnight.3.前几天,罗伯特去北京出差了。RobertwenttoBeijingonbusinesstheoth

erday.4.玛丽过去一周来拜访我一次。Maryusedtopayavisitto/visitmeonceaweek.5.我是最近才开始学法语的。I'veonlyrecentlystartedlear

ningFrench.Grammar31.Beshortfor…的缩写beshortof…缺少…tobeshort简而言之Eg:NBAis--------------NationalBasketballAssociation.TheRedArmyis------------w

aterandfood-----------------Iwillgotomorrow.ShortforShortofTobeshort2.Formanyyears,trainedcamelscarriedfoodandothersupplies.supplies:供应品supply,provid

eandoffer用法1.supplysbwithsth====supplysthtosb2.providesbwithsth===providesthforsb3.Offersbsth====offersthtosbTheywill----foodandclo

thing-----thehomelesspeople.A.offer;withB.supply;toC.supply;withD.provide;toB4.Nomore===not…anymore强调数量，次数，常与名词或者瞬间动词连用。nolonger===not…

anylonger表示时间或者状态不再持续，常与延续性动词或者状态词连用。1.Hewantednomoremoneyfromhisparents.=Hedidn’twantmoneyfromhisparentsany

more.2.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.Chinaisn’twhatitusedtobeanylonger.3.Hesaidhewouldn’tgothereanymore.=…hewouldnomoregother

e.IsMrWangin?Sorry,he-------liveshere,He’smoved.A.NomoreB.NolongerC.NotmoreD.NotlongerB5.Iammuchfasterthanmyfather.修饰比较级的副词和短语有：even;still;rather;mu

ch;far;any;alot;alittle;abit;agreatdeal…(1)Thecoatisevenbiggerthanthatone.(2)Ican’twalkanyfurther.6.Ataspeedof…以….的速

度Thecartravelsataspeedof80milesperhour.Reachaspeedof…达到…的速度Theaircraftreachesaspeedof600Kilometersperhour.7.Outofdate过时的uptodate时兴的（i

nfashion）时髦的，时兴的1.He_____footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.(2008天津)A.wasplayingB.playedC.hasplayedD.hadplayed2.Judyisgoingtomarry

thesailorshe_____inRomelastyear.(2008重庆)A.meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeet3.Idon’tbelieveyou’vealreadyfinishedreadingthebook—I____ittoyou

thismorning!(2008浙江)A.wouldlendB.waslendingC.hadlentD.lent4.Throughouthistory,thelanguage____byapowerfulgroupspread

sacrossacivilization.(2008上海春)A.speakingB.spokenC.tospeakD.tobespoken5.Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalft

hetime____.(2008江西)A.allowingB.toallowC.allowedD.allows6.Itisoneofthefunniestthings____ontheInternetsofa

rthisyear.(2008浙江)A.findingB.beingfoundC.tofindD.found7.Thetrees_____inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.(2008湖南)A.b

eingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown8.Canthose____atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?(2008福建)A.seat

B.sitC.seatedD.sat