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动名词动名词的作用：作主语宾语表语定语一、作主语1、位于句首作主语1).Hatingpeopleislikeburningdownyourownhousetogetridofarat.憎恨别人，就好像是为了额赶走一只老鼠而把自己的房子烧掉。2).Gettingmadatothersme

ansotherpeoplearegettingcontrolofmyemotions!如果我生别人的气，就意味着我让别人控制了自己的情绪。Insteadofgettingmadatpeople,let’strytoun

derstandthem.Let’strytofigureoutwhytheydowhattheydo.That’salotmoreprofitableandintriguingthancriticism;anditbreedssympathy,toleranceand

kindness.“Toknowallistoforgiveall.”与其对别人生气，不如我们尽力去理解他们，搞清楚他们为什么这么做。这远比批评他们要有利和有意思得多，可以让我们去同情、容忍和仁慈，因为“理解一切，就能宽

容一切”。3).A:IstudiedFrenchinhighschoolbutIneverreallylearnedituntilIspentthesummerinParis.B:Reallyusingalanguagemakesallthe

difference,doesn'tit?4)______bytransferringtheblametoothersisoftencalledscapegoating.A:TheeliminatedproblemsB:EliminatingproblemsC:Eliminateprob

lemsD:Problemsareeliminated2、动名词位于句末作主语1、句型一：itisnogood/nousedoingsth.干某事没有用any/somegood,any/some/nouse,awasteoftime1).I

t’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Splitwatercannotbegatheredupagain.后悔没有用。/覆水难收。2).A:Forgoodnesssake!YouareSOstupid.I

tisawasteoftimetryingtoexplainittoyou.Youaretheclosestthingtoacompleteidiot!B:Oh!Soyouwantmetomoveawayfromyou,doyou?

2、句型二：thereisnopoint/use/good(in)doingsth.干某事没有必要/没有意义3).Thereisnouseyourarguingwithhim.你没有必要和他争论。4）Aboyfe

llfromatreeandhithishead.Intheambulance,thedoctoraskedhimhisname.“what’syourname,youngman?”“Why?"askedtheboy.“Sothatwecantellyourfamily.”“Butthe

re’snopointindoingthat.Theyalreadyknowmyname!”动名词作用二：作宾语1、在动词后面作宾语Admit,advise,anticipate,appreciate,avoi

d,consider,contemplatedelay,deny,detest,discuss,dislike,encourage,endure,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,favor,feellike,fin

ish,forbid,forgive,giveup,can’thelp,imagine,involve,leaveoff,mention,mind,miss,overlook,permit,postpone,practice,prohibit,putoff,re

sent,resist,risk,can’tstand,suggest,tolerate,understand.1).Beingabad-temperedman,hewouldnottoleratehavinghislecturesinterrupted.因

为脾气不好，所以他不能容忍自己讲课被打断。2).Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggestedstoppingatthenexttown.Peter因为已经开了一整天的车了，所以他建议在下一个小镇停车

休息。2、在介词后面作宾语Lookforwardto,objectto,be/getusedto,preferdoingtodoing,inadditionto,beaccustomedtodo/doing,amounttod

oing(意味着),taketodoing(开始喜欢做)，devote…todoing/bedevotedtodoing,dedicate…todoing/bededicatedtodoing,beaversetodoing,beopposedtodoing,getroundtodoing

,thealternative/approach/solutiontodoing1).Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.2).Iamusedtosleepingwiththelightson.3).Thestud

entsobjecttoincreasingtheirtuition.4).AfteralongdelayIfinallygotroundtomakinginquiresintothematter.5).As

analternativetousingasingle-occupancyvehicle,carpoolinginvolvestwotofivecommuterssharingavehicle.Themorepeopleinacarpool,thegreaterthesa

ving.Dependingonthearrangementsmad,onepersoncandoallthedrivingandbereimursedbytheriders.5).Asanalternativetousingasi

ngle-occupancyvehicle,carpoolinginvolvestwotofivecommuterssharingavehicle.Themorepeopleinacarpool,thegreaterthesaving.Depending

onthearrangementsmad,onepersoncandoallthedrivingandbereimbursedbytheriders.3、在特定句型中作宾语一、做某事遇到了麻烦/困难，或做某事很开心difficultytrouble

problemshave(alotof)funindoingsth.(lotsof)pleasureahardtimeagoodtimeadifficulttime1).Woman:Howdoyoufindyournewapart

ment?Man:Well,it’squitenicereally,althoughIhaveahardtimegettingusedtolivinginabighouse.2).A:Wearehavingallkindsoftroublefindinganewap

artmentfornextyear.Whataboutyou?B:MyroommateandIdecidedthatthisyearwe’dstayput.3)Chinesealsohaveaha

rdtimelearningtheEuropeanlanguagessuchasEnglish,French,Spanish,Italian,orGerman,becauseeachoftheselanguagesisfilledwith

manyidiomswhichdon’tmakemuchsenseintermsoftheformallanguagethattheylearn.中国人在学习欧洲的语言方面，比如英语、法语、西班牙语、

意大利语或德语，也常常会感到困难，因为这些语言中含有大量的成语，而这些成语，如果按照他们所学的正式的外语来解释，并没有什么意思。二、表示“情不自禁”，“不得不”Can’thelpdoing,can’tresistdoing,

can’tkeepfromdoing,can’tholdbackformdoing,can’tkeepbackfromdoing.4)NoonecanhelplikingTom;heissuchacuteboy.Bewort

hdoing值得做主动形式，表示被动意思。5).ThebookisworthreadingBeworthyofbeingdone/tobedoneThebookisworthyofbeingread.Thebookisworthytoberead.作定语放在被修饰的名词前面

，表示所修饰的名词的用途。1).asleepingcar小卧车2).areadingroom阅览室3).aswimmingpool游泳池动名词的逻辑主语1、动名词复合结构的构成物主代词his,my,your所有格名词Mary’s,To

m’shisdoing,Mary’sdoing1).Clintinsistedonreadingtheletter.Clintinsistedonmyreadingtheletter.克林坚持要看信克林坚持要我看信2).Iobjectedtomakingprivatecall

sonthisphone.Iobjectedtohismakingprivatecallsonthisphone.3).Wouldyoumindtellingusthewholestory?Wouldy

oumindTom’stellingusthewholestory?你是否愿意把事情的经过告诉我们？你是否愿意让汤姆把事情的经过告诉我们？4).Hedislikedworkinglate.Hedislikedhiswife’sworkinglate.5).Romant

icloveisverymuchapartofAmericanculture.Movies,TVshowsandbooksinAmericanallpicturepeoplefallinginlove.America

nsknownoromanceisperfect,butstilltheytrytofindtheidealperson.People’sfallinginlove浪漫爱情是美国文化的重要组成部分。

美国的电影、电视和书籍都会描绘人们如何坠入爱河。美国人知道没有哪段罗曼史是完美的，但他们还是努力去寻找自己理想中的意中人。、所有格还是普通格？一、若动名词的复合结构在句中做主语，最好用所有格形式1).Tom’srefusingtoaccep

ttheinvitationupsetme.Tomrefusing.....2).Hisrefusingtoaccepttheinvitationupsetme.二、动名词的复合机构在句中作宾语时，用普通格或所有格均可。3).Doyoumindme/m

ymakingasuggestion?4).IamannoyedaboutJohn/John’sforgettingtopay.5).Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasethe

probabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact.三、当动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的“物”而不是“人”时，最好用普通格6).Thenoiseofthedesksbeingopenedandclosedcanbeh

eardoutinthestreet.7).Thereisanecessityforthistypeofhousesbeingbuilt.8).theyoungleadingtheyoung,isliketheblindleadingtheblind:“Theywillbothball

intotheditch.”Theonlysureguideishewhohasoftengonetheroadwhichyouwanttogo.Letmebethatguide,whohavegoneallroad,andwhocancon

sequentlypointouttoyouthebest.青年为青年引路，如同盲人为盲人引路；“两人会一同掉进沟里。”唯一可靠的向导时这样的人：他常走的路正是你想走的路。且让我当这样一位向导吧，我走过各种各样的路，所以能够为你指明门路。4、当动名词的逻辑主语由较

长的一组词构成时，最好用普通格9).Thereisnopointanyoneofusarguingwithhim.10).I’vealwayshadinmymindadreamofmyfather,motherandIlivingtogether.11).Rich

ardDoran,aprofessionalradiohostinChina,remainsskepticalthatsuchshowsareactuallyimprovingmutualunderstanding.“They

stillaskifweknowhowtousechopsticks,”hesays.“canyouimagineaEuropeantelevisionstationputtingaPakistaniimmigrantfa

milyontelevisionandaskingifthey’dlearnedtouseaknifeandforkyet?”理查德在中国是一名专业的电台主持人，他对外国人参与中国的电视节目能否真正增进中国与外界的相互了解依然持怀疑态度。“中国的节目主持人依然会

问你们会用筷子吗？这类问题，”他说，“你能想象一个欧洲的电视台采访一个巴基斯坦移民家庭，然后问他们:你们学会使用刀叉了吗？这类的问题吗？”动名词的时态和语态四种时态主动被动一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingb

eenwritten进行式没有没有完成进行式没有没有动名词的被动式1).Henarrowlyescapedbeingrunover.他差一点就被车轧着了。2).Thereisonlyonethingintheworld

worsethanbeingtalkedabout,andthatisnotbeingtalkedabout.世界上比被人议论更糟糕的一件事情就是根本没人去议论。3).Istillrememberbeingtakentothezooforthefirsttime.Ireme

mbermyparents’takingmetothezooforthefirsttime.4).Ihavenottheleastobjectiontothechildbeingpunished.对这个孩子进行惩罚我丝毫不反对。5).Globalwarmingi

sthehottopicaroundtheworldathistimebut,thereisalsodissentionabouttheevidencebeingpresentedtosupporttheargument.Theearthisknown

togothroughcyclesalthough;thepasthasneverproducedanageofsomuchindustrializationcausingthepollutioncurrentlybeinge

xperienced.Amajorsourceoftheproblemistheincreaseincarbondioxidelevelsbut,othergases,suchas,sulphurdioxideandnitro

gendioxide,havealsocontributed.目前，全球变暖成了一个世界性的热门话题。但是人们对于有关全球变暖的各项证据还有争议。现已知道，地球的发展是经历周期变化的。但在以前的周期变化

中，地球上还是从未经历过现如今这样的时代，即高度发达的工业化造成了人们目前正在遭受的空气污染。全球变暖主要是由于二氧化碳气体的增多，另外，二氧化硫和二氧化氮等气体叶难辞其咎。主动形式表示被动意思demand,deserve,need,require,want1).Thega

rdenneedswatering.Thegardenneedstobewatered.2).Hedeservedpraising.Hedeservedtobepraised.3).Yourhairwantscutting.Yourhairwan

tstobecut.4).Thesteakisraw.ItneedscookingmorebeforeIcaneatit.Thesteakisraw.ItneedstobecookedbeforeIcaneatit.Hedeservesshootin

gfirst.Hedeservestoshootfirst.Hedeservestobeshotfirst.他应该第一个被枪毙。他应该第一个开始射击。完成式havingdone表明动名词的动作发生在位于的动作之前，尤其是当动名词的动作是在位于之前一段较长时间内持续的情况。1

).Hedeniedhavingbeenthere.=Hedeniedthathehadbeenthere.2).Heregrettednothavinggonetouniversity.3).Themaninthecornerconfes

sedtohavingtoldalietothemanagerofthecompany.动名词的完成被动式Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas____(create)inashortperiodoftime.Mar

koftenattemptstoescape____(fine)wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofashav

ingbeencreatedinashortperiodoftime.Markoftenattemptstoescapebeingfinedwheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.Thereb

e的不定式与动名词形式一、therebe的动名词形式Therebeing表示“有”，多用于介词后面。1.Noonewouldhavedreamedoftherebeingsuchagoodplace.谁也不会想到，会有这么一个好地方。2.Donotbetonthereb

eingmanymarriagesinChinathatbeganwithloveatafirstsight.MostChinesemarryforpractical—notromantic–reasons.Thatistheconclusionofafour-yearstudysponsore

dbytheFordFoundationofNewYorkCity.别以为许多中国人的婚姻始于“一见钟情”。实际上，大多数中国人结婚时处于非常实际的一些原因，而并非因为浪漫爱情。这是由纽约福特基金会主板的一项为期四年的调查研究得出的结论。Therebe的不定式形式There

tobe，用在接不定式作宾语的动词后面或介词for后面、1).Idon’tmeantheretobeanyunpleasantness.我并没有任何冒犯之意。2).Idon’twanttheretobeanymisunderstandingonthispoint

.我不希望再这一点上有什么误解。3).Thestudentsexpectedtheretobemorereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexam.同学们都希望在期末考试之前能够多上一些复习课。

4).Fortheretobelife,theremustbeairandwater.=inorderthattheremaybelife,theremustbeairandwater.要想有生命，首先得要有空气和水。选择=结果汇报结束谢谢观看！欢迎提出您的宝贵意见！