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1.clothes,cloth,clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.incident,acciden

tincident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.3.amount,numberamount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词anumberofstudents4.famil

y,house,homehome家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.5.sound,voice,noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.6.ph

oto,picture,drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.7.vocabulary,wordvocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量

，word具体的单词Hehasalargevocabulary.38.population,peoplepopulation人口，人数，people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.9.weather,climateweather一天内具体

的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.10.road,street,path,wayroad具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径takethisroad;inthestreet,showmet

hewaytothemuseum.11.course,subjectcourse课程(可包括多门科目)，subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse12.custom,habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接t

odo，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.13.cause,reasoncause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接ofsth./doingsth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接

forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate14.exercise,exercises,practiceexercise运动，锻炼(不可数)，exercises练习(可数)，practice(反复做的)练习16.speech

,talk,lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课aseriesoflectureon…17.officer,officialofficer部队的军官

，official政府官员anarmyofficer18.work,job二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数agoodjob19.couple,paircouple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers20.co

untry,nation,state,landcountry侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.21.cook,cookerc

ook厨师，cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.22.damage,damagesdamage不可数名词,损害，损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages23.police,policemanpolice警

察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.24.problem,questionproblem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,r

aise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask,answer连用25.man,amanman人类，aman一个男人Manwillconquernature.26.chick,chicken二者均可指小鸡，chic

ken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.27.telegram,telegraph当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph28.trip,journey,travel,voyagetr

avel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip29.sport,gamesport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等;game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His

favoritesportisswimming.30.price,prizeprice价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.31.anumberof,thenumberofanumberof许多，谓语动词用复数。the

numberof…的数目，谓语动词用单数。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.32.infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof范围外的前面，inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthe

frontoftheroomsitsaboy.33.oftheday,ofadayoftheday每一天的，当时的，当代的，ofaday暂时的，不长久的afamousscientistoftheday34.thr

eeofus,thethreeofusthreeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个，thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.35.bybus,ont

hebusbybus表手段，方式，不用冠词，onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.36.foramoment,forthemomentforamoment片刻，一会儿，forthemoment暂时，一时Thinkingf

oramoment,heagreed.37.nextyear,thenextyearnextyear将来时间状语，thenextyear过去将来时间状语Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.38

.morethanayear,morethanoneyearmorethanayear一年多，morethanoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)39.takeadvice,takethe(one's)advicetak

eadvice征求意见，taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.40.takeair,taketheairtakeair传播，走漏，taketheair到户外去，散步Wetaketheaireveryday.41.inaw

ord,inwordsinaword总之，一句话，inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.42.inplaceof,intheplaceofinplaceof代替，intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldon

e.43.insecret,inthesecretinsecret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语;inthesecret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.44.agirl,onegirlagirl可

泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?45.takeachair,takethechairtakeachair相当于sitdown坐下，takethechair开始开会46.g

otosea,bysea,bytheseagotosea当海员，出航，bysea乘船，由海路，bythesea在海边gobysea47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandthetea

cherthedoctorandteacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，thedoctorandtheteacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris48.inoffice,intheofficeinoffice在职的，intheof

fice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.49.inbed,onthebedinbed卧在床上，onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.50.inchargeof,inthechargeofin

chargeof管理，负责照料，inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.51.inclass,intheclassinclass在课上，intheclass在

班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.52.onfire,onthefireonfire着火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.53.outofques

tion,outofthequestionoutofquestion毫无疑问的，outofthequestion不可能的54.asecond,thesecondasecond又一，再一，thesecond第……Hewontheseco

ndprize.55.byday,bythedaybyday白天，bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.56.thepeople,apeoplethepeople指人，apeople指民族The

Chineseisapeace-lovingpeople.57.it,oneit同一物体，one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.58.that,thisthat指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.That'swhy…

59.none,nothing,noonenone强调有多少，nothing,noone强调有没有，nothing指物，noone指人---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None.60.anyone,anyoneanyone指人，不能接of，anyone指

人物均可，可接ofanyoneofyou61.who,whatwho指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.62.what,whichwhat的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择

Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?63.other,anotherother后接名词复数，another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent64.notalittle,not

abitnotalittle非常，notabit一点也不I'mnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。65.many,much,alotofmany和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，aloto

f可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句Ihaven'tmanybooks.66.muchmore…than,manymore…thanmuchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词，manymore…than后接可数名词manymorepeople,muchmore

water,muchmorebeautiful67.no,notno=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater68.nomorethan,notmorethannomorethan相当于only，

仅仅，只有，notmorethan至多，不超过69.majority,mostmajority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可themajorityofpeople70.byoneself,foroneself,toone

self,ofoneselfbyoneself单独的，独自的，foroneself为自己，tooneself供自己用的，ofoneself自行的，自动的Thedooropenedofitself.71.atall,afterallatall根本，全然,afterall到底，毕竟Aftera

llheisachild.72.tall,hightall常指人或动物，high常指物体Heistall.73.fast,quicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly74.h

igh,highlyhigh具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的thinkhighlyof75.healthy,healthfulhealthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise76.sleeping,aslee

p,sleepysleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.77.gold,goldengold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用goldfishagol

dring78.most,mostlymost用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…79.just,veryjust

表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语theveryman,justtheman80.wide,broadwide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broadsho

ulders81.real,truereal真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合realgold,atruestory82.respectful,respectablerespectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectabl

e可敬的，值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged83.outwards,outward二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词anoutwardvoyage84.pleasant,pleased,pleasingpleasant常用作定语，

pleased,pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.85.understanding,understandableunderstanding明白事

理的，能体谅的，understandable可理解的，能够懂的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake86.close,closelyclose接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地closelyconn

ected,standclose87.ill,sickill做表语，sick定，表均可asickboy88.good,wellgood形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.89.quiet,silent,stillquiet安静的，可以发

出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。90.hard,hardlyhard努力，hardly几乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.91.able,cap

ableable与不定式todo连用，capable与of连用Heiscapableofdoing…92.almost,nearly二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody93.late,lat

elylate迟，晚，lately最近，近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.94.living,alive,live,livelyliving,alive,live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能

做定语，lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive95.excited,excitingexcited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的I'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.96

.deep,deeplydeep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeplymoved,digdeep97.aloud,loudaloud出声地，loud大声地readaloud(出声地读)98.worth,worthy二者均为值得，worth后接do

ing，worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdoneItisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.99.bad,badlybad形容词，badly副

词，不好，但与need,want,require连用为"很，非常"gobadIneedthebookbadly.100.beforelong,longbeforebeforelong不久以后，longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong10

1.quite,ratherquite完全地，相当于completely,rather修饰比较级quiteimpossible102.happy,gladhappy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语aha

ppygirl103.instead,insteadofinstead是副词，放在句首或句末，insteadof是介词短语，放在句中Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.104.too

much,muchtootoomuch后接不可数名词，muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodobeaboutto表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，begoingto侧重打算，想法，betodo侧重意志，计划，安排I'mtomee

thim.(含双方事先约好的意思)106.raise,riseraise及物动词，rise不及物动词Thesunrisesintheeast.107.bring,take,carry,fetchbring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动

作fetchaboxofchalk108.spend,take,pay,costspend人做主语，花钱，花时间;spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主语，花时间;pay人做主语，花钱，payfor;cost物做主语，花钱